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Exogenous supplementation of L‐arginine (L‐Arg) facilitates the release of nitric oxide (NO) for gas therapy applications in tumor microenvironments rich in H2O2. However, direct administration inevitably leads to the premature release of hydrophilic L‐Arg in the bloodstream, potentially resulting in unstable plasma L‐Arg concentrations and subsequent adverse reactions. Therefore, it is crucial to identify efficient and stable high‐dose L‐Arg delivery carriers, albeit challenging. Here, the study has achieved high (≈94 mg g−1) and stable L‐Arg loading within a 12‐coordinated Yb‐based lanthanide metal‐organic framework (named Yb‐DOBDC, where DOBDC is 2,5‐dihydroxyterephthalic acid). Yb‐DOBDC features size‐matched apertures and oxygen‐rich pore microenvironments, securely entrapping L‐Arg through electrostatic interactions and conjugation effects, thereby enhancing the biostability of the drug during delivery. In vitro experiments demonstrate that L‐Arg‐loaded Yb‐DOBDC (L‐Arg@Yb‐DOBDC) promotes NO release upon H2O2 stimulation, and the Yb‐DOBDC framework exhibits good biocompatibility within cells. More interestingly, the near‐infrared‐luminescence‐emitting Yb‐DOBDC exhibits a “turn‐off” behavior upon gradual loading of L‐Arg, enabling self‐quantifying luminescence detection during the encapsulation process. Consequently, the L‐Arg@Yb‐DOBDC system designed in this work, with its high/stable loading capacity and self‐quantifying luminescence detection capability, holds theoretical research value and potential practical application prospects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yellow thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) are indispensable for lighting, navigation, caution, and so on; however, their development is far behind those of three‐elementary‐color and white analogs, partially because of the lack of host specificity. In this contribution, spiro[bithoxanthene] (ST) and spiro[thioxanthene‐xanthene] (STX) are used as spiro skeletons to form asymmetric ternary structures through introducing two electron‐donating tert‐butyl carbazole (tBCz) and one electron‐withdrawing diphenyl phosphine oxide (DPPO) groups on different rings. The resulting hosts named STSPOtBCz2 and STXSPOtBCz2 not only inherit the steric hindrance of their spiro skeletons, but also achieve the ambipolar characteristics. Their suitable triplet energy levels (T1) of ≈2.5 eV support efficient energy transfer to a conventional yellow TADF emitter 4CzTPNBu with the T1 of ≈2.2 eV. It is shown that compared to STSPOtBCz2 with a symmetric core, the accumulated asymmetry of the spiro skeleton and the kind, number, and position of substitution groups in STXSPOtBCz2 further suppresses the emission quenching, resulting in the state‐of‐the‐art photoluminescent and electroluminescent quantum efficiencies of 93% and 30.6%, respectively. The maximum power efficiency beyond 90 lm W−1 further demonstrates the great potential of multi‐asymmetric host systems for energy‐saving practical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A calculation model of radial electromagnetic force wave for permanent magnet assisted reluctance motor (PMaSynRM) with rotor slots is proposed in this paper. By introducing complex air gap relative permeance, the improved magnetic potential permeability method is applied to the calculation of electromagnetic force wave of the PMaSynRM. Considering the influence of both stator and rotor slots, the characteristics of electromagnetic force wave are analyzed theoretically. A multi‐physical coupling model of PMaSynRM is established. The natural frequency of the stator core is obtained by modal finite element analysis and modal hammer experiment. The harmonic response is analyzed by loading electromagnetic force wave into the structure field and the vibration on the housing surface is calculated. The results show that although the amplitude of electromagnetic force is small at zero‐order slot frequency, the vibration caused by electromagnetic force at frequency of stator slots and rotor slots, especially at the rotor slot frequency, is the biggest vibration source. The effectiveness and regularity of the calculation model are verified by the prototype vibration experiments. © 2023 Institute of Electrical Engineer of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deduces an exact model of analytical calculation for the multilayer rotor eddy current losses of high‐speed permanent magnet machines based on the subdomain method. The analytical calculation model solution domain is divided into six parts of subdomains, including permanent magnet, shielding layer, metal retaining sleeve, air gap, slot openings, and windings. The Laplace equation of the air subdomain and the diffusion equation of the eddy current subdomain and the windings subdomain are established with the vector magnetic potential as the independent variable. The eddy current losses of the permanent magnet, shielding layer, and retaining sleeve of the multilayer rotor are calculated considering the slots effect and eddy current reaction. This analytical model is used to study the interfering factors of the multilayer rotor eddy current losses including the shielding layer thickness, carrier ratio, and modulation ratio. Finally, the correctness and regularity of the analytical calculation model are proved by finite element analysis and machine experiment analysis. © 2022 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scene text in natural images carries additional semantic information to aid in image classification. Existing methods lack full consideration of the deep understanding of the text and the visual text relationship, which results in the difficult to judge the semantic accuracy and the relevance of the visual text. This paper proposes image classification based on Cross modal Knowledge Learning of Scene Text (CKLST) method. CKLST consists of three stages: cross‐modal scene text recognition, text semantic enhancement, and visual‐text feature alignment. In the first stage, multi‐attention is used to extract features layer by layer, and a self‐mask‐based iterative correction strategy is utilized to improve the scene text recognition accuracy. In the second stage, knowledge features are extracted using external knowledge and are fused with text features to enhance text semantic information. In the third stage, CKLST realizes visual‐text feature alignment across attention mechanisms with a similarity matrix, thus the correlation between images and text can be captured to improve the accuracy of the image classification tasks. On Con‐Text dataset, Crowd Activity dataset, Drink Bottle dataset, and Synth Text dataset, CKLST can perform significantly better than other baselines on fine‐grained image classification, with improvements of 3.54%, 5.37%, 3.28%, and 2.81% over the best baseline in mAP, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The basalt textile grid‐reinforced engineered cementitious composite (ECC) is used to strengthening the reinforced concrete beam. Flexural test and theoretical analysis were carried out. The flexural tests were performed, including six basalt textile grid‐reinforced ECC strengthening beams and one control beam. The variables include two grid strength and three treatments for the interface of the strengthening layer. The failure modes of test beams were evaluated. The load‐deflection curve is analyzed, and stress–strain curve of steel bar and grid are analyzed. The strengthening effects of chipping treatment, epoxy resin bonding treatment and rebar‐planting treatment are discussed. The comprehensive evaluation of the results shows that the strengthening effect of the epoxy resin bonding treatment is the best method. The carrying capacity of the strengthened beam in cracking stage, yield stage, and ultimate stage increased 62.8%–78.5%, 10.3%–18.9%, and 1.8%–10.9%, respectively. The analytical solutions for the calculation method of carrying capacity of strengthened beams in cracking, yield, and ultimate stages is proposed. The calculation value of strengthened beam agree well with the test results. The formula for predicting the flexural capacity of a beam strengthened with the basalt textile grid‐reinforced ECC is established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fates of terrestrial organic carbon (OCterr) during fluvial transport from land to ocean are still not well constrained. This study systematically examines the evolution and dynamics of OCterr along the river‐estuary‐coastal ocean continuum in three fluvial systems discharging to the Chinese marginal seas. The 14C‐depleted characteristics of bulk OC and molecular components of riverine suspended sediments and marine sediments suggest that the Chinese marginal seas are a significant sink of pre‐aged OCterr. Our study reveals significant apparent aging of OCterr within estuaries, likely due to degradation of (younger) labile components, and apparent rejuvenation of OCterr in shelf systems, likely reflecting inputs of younger OCterr from proximal sources along the sediment dispersal pathway. The aging and rejuvenation of OCterr along the river‐ocean continuum confounds the use of plant wax lipid 14C to constrain lateral transport times, and sheds light on more complex OCterr dynamics in marginal seas. Plain Language Summary: Determining the factors driving degradation of terrestrial organic carbon (OCterr) is important for understanding the fate of OCterr in marginal seas and its impact on the global carbon cycle. In this study, we use bulk and molecular‐level carbon isotopic measurements as well as sedimentological data to investigate how OCterr characteristics evolve along the river‐estuary‐coastal ocean continuum for three different river systems discharging into the Chinese marginal seas. Marked decreases in the OCterr abundance and 14C contents reveal marked aging associated with degradation processes within estuaries over relatively short transport distances, likely due to degradation of younger and labile OCterr. Both aging and apparent "rejuvenation" of OCterr after estuarine transport was observed in different shelf systems, the latter likely resulting from inputs of fresh OCterr from proximal sources. Our findings suggest both sources and transport processes influence terrestrial OC and biomarker signatures in marginal sea sediments, highlighting the complexity of OCterr dynamics in coastal systems. Key Points: Bulk and molecular 14C values suggest millennial‐aged terrestrial OC transport along the Chinese river‐estuary‐coastal ocean continuumRapid degradation and significant aging of terrestrial OC co‐occur during estuarine processingApparent aging and rejuvenation of terrestrial OC along‐shelf transport confounded the transport time estimated by plant wax lipid 14C [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A transient 3D mathematical model is developed to study the surging auxiliary slag skimming process in molten iron ladle. A new mathematical model using the large eddy simulation is built for the gas–metal–slag three‐phase flow in the ladle. The Eulerian volume of fluid model is used for tracking the liquid–slag–air free surfaces, and the Lagrangian discrete phase model is used for describing the bubble movement. The procedure of bubble coming out of the liquid and getting into the air is modeled using a user‐defined function. The results show that optimizing the distance of the lance L and the injection volume Q can better the shape of the slag eye, increase the curvature radius of the slag eye on the side of the iron mouth, and broaden the area of the slag eye. At the same time, it can also improve the fluctuation of the slag layer and the liquid surface of molten iron, and reduce the splashing of molten iron and slag entrapment phenomenon, thus improving the slag skimming efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flexible and skin‐mountable electronics have drawn tremendous research attention with the booming of smart medical systems and wearing technologies, however, their environmental adaptability to electromagnetic and solar radiation has long been neglected. Herein, a novel health monitoring e‐textile with robust ultraviolet (UV) protecting and strong electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance is rationally developed on an ultraelastic and bilayered nonwoven textile. Via the respective incorporation of silver flake‐modified liquid metal (AgLM) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on each side of a permeable substrate, a Janus sensing layer with electrophysiological monitoring function, Joule heating ability, and excellent EMI shielding capability (up to 38.5 dB in X band) is first fabricated. Elastic microfibers embedded with sensitive photochromic microcapsules are then in situ assembled on the bioelectric‐sensing layer, achieving a bilayered e‐textile with a reversible UV‐chromic property and an extraordinary UV protection factor (UPF) of 335.56. The developed all‐stretchable and UV‐EMI proof e‐textile is utilized as a safe and comfortable on‐skin electronic to provide point‐of‐care health regulation under complex UV/EMI radiative environments. Specifically, stable Joule heating performance and accurate monitoring of electrocardiogram (ECG) and surface electromyography (sEMG) are simultaneously obtained, demonstrating promising applications in multifunctional and robust wearing electronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Abnormal DNA methylation is one of the most general epigenetic modifications in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recent research showed that DNA methylation was a prognostic indicator of all‐cause HCC and nonviral HCC. However, whether DNA methylation‐driver genes could be used for predicting survival, the probability of hepatitis‐positive HCC remains unclear. Methods: In this study, DNA methylation‐driver genes (MDGs) were screened by a joint analysis of methylome and transcriptome data of 142 hepatitis‐positive HCC patients. Subsequently, a prognostic risk score and nomogram were constructed. Finally, correlation analyses between the risk score and signaling pathways and immunity were conducted by GSVA and CIBERSORT. Results: Through random forest screening and Cox progression analysis, 10 prognostic methylation‐driver genes (AC008271.1, C11orf53, CASP8, F2RL2, GBP5, LUCAT1, RP11‐114B7.6, RP11‐149I23.3, RP11‐383 J24.1, and SLC35G2) were screened out. As a result, a prognostic risk score signature was constructed. The independent value of the risk score for prognosis prediction were addressed in the TCGA‐HCC and the China‐HCC cohorts. Next, clinicopathological features were analyzed and HBV status and histological grade were screened to construct a nomogram together with the risk score. The prognostic efficiency of the nomogram was validated by the calibration curves and the concordance index (C index: 0.829, 95% confidence interval: 0.794–0.864), while its clinical application ability was confirmed by decision curve analysis (DCA). At last, the relationship between the risk score and signaling pathways, as well as the correlations between immune cells were elucidated preliminary. Conclusions: Taken together, our study explored a novel DNA methylation‐driver gene risk score signature and an efficient nomogram for long‐term survival prediction of hepatitis‐positive HCC patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To effectively optimise pole shape for surface‐mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine (SPMSM), an analytical model of SPMSM with the chamfered pole is proposed for no‐load and on‐load magnetic field calculation. In this model, the pole of SPMSM is approximately segmented into pieces with regular shape and uniform magnet property, and magnetic field parameters can be obtained by subdomain superposition. Meanwhile, iron core saturation is considered to get a correction coefficient to revise air‐gap flux density, inducing flux linkage, line no‐load back electromotive force (EMF) and electromagnetic torque. Based on this analytical model, the geometry optimisation of PM can be optimised by end thickness of pole, pole‐arc coefficient of cutting and remanence, and the waveform total harmonic distortion of air‐gap flux density and no‐load back EMF are greatly reduced. To verify the analytical model, an outer rotor type SPMSM with 20‐poles and 72‐slots for tractor application is designed and manufactured. Finally, the effectiveness of the improved method is validated by the finite‐element method and experimental test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Until now, the substitution of alcohols by N‐nucleophiles via TBN‐catalyzed dehydrogenation was not known. Herein, we reported a TBN catalyzed dehydrative N‐alkylation of anilines with 4‐hydroxybutan‐2‐one in the presence of TEMPO, which was different from the TEMPO/TBN catalyzed oxidation reactions. A range of anilines reacted successfully with 4‐hydroxybutan‐2‐one to generate the N‐monoalkylation products in good yields. Mechanistic studies revealed that this reaction most possibly proceeded through aza‐Michael addition. Water was the only by‐product, making it more environmentally friendly. The gram‐scale reactions verified the synthetic practicality of this protocol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]