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The number of young people living in the margins of society reflects one of the most pressing social inequities of our time. Opportunity youth often face many complex challenges perpetrated by a range of systemic issues. These trajectories can be positively disrupted by surrounding youth with a cohesive web of relational and instrumental supports and spaces where their strengths and potential are seen. Opportunity Reboot, a technical assistance and program enhancement model, was developed to leverage the existing capacity and strengths of community programs to more effectively create pathways to school, career, and life success for opportunity youth. The impact of Opportunity Reboot was tested using a single‐group, non‐experimental design and a quasi‐experimental design with propensity score matching. Findings established associations between opportunity youths' experiences of three core Opportunity Reboot features and growth in select positive identity, social–emotional competencies, and skills for systems navigation outcomes. Opportunity Reboot youth were also more likely, on average, than comparison youth to be employed in the four quarters after endline data collection; this finding was even stronger when comparing youth of color in the Opportunity Reboot and comparison groups. This evaluation strengthens the evidence that program enhancement models like Opportunity Reboot hold promise for positively disrupting the lives of opportunity youth. Highlights: Opportunity Reboot youth experienced significant gains in critical short‐term youth outcomes.Strong relationships with program staff and other adults were core to improved youth outcomes.Opportunity Reboot youth secured employment at higher rates than comparison youth.Improved outcomes can be realized through a program enhancement model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The resistivity of the sintered Cu thick film decreases with the weight percentage of the SiO2–ZnO–B2O3 additive in the mixing glass frits up to 50 wt%. As the weight percentage of the SiO2–ZnO–B2O3 additive in the mixing glass frits is over 50 wt%, the resistivity of the sintered Cu thick films is quite similar. The lowest resistivity (6.62 × 10−6 Ω‐cm) of the sintered Cu thick films occurs at 75 wt% of the SiO2–ZnO–B2O3 additive. Also, we observe the extensive glass phase framing around the large Cu grains in the Cu thick films sintered with low SiO2–ZnO–B2O3 additives (less than 50 wt%) narrows the cross‐section area of the electrical path. On the contrary, the round‐shaped glass phase solidified among the small Cu grains allows a larger cross‐section of the electrical path (a possible lower resistivity) for the Cu thick films sintered with higher SiO2–ZnO–B2O3 additives (larger than 50 wt%). The above results imply that the resistivity of the sintered Cu thick film correlates well with the microstructure (Cu grain size and the glass/Cu composite structure) of the sintered Cu thick films. Twin grain boundaries can clearly be observed in the sintered Cu thick films, especially for the Cu thick film sintered with the higher SiO2–ZnO–B2O3 additives. Owing to small Cu grains size and high density of Cu grain boundary, the probability of the grain boundaries with a high grain‐boundary energy in the Cu thick film sintered with high SiO2–ZnO–B2O3 additive would be much larger, comparing to that in the Cu thick film sintered with low SiO2–ZnO–B2O3 additive. Thus, more annealing twin boundaries formed in the Cu thick film sintered with high SiO2–ZnO–B2O3 additive. Hence, the formation of the twin boundary in the sintered Cu thick film helps reducing the resistivity of the sintered Cu films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by destruction of articular cartilage. The inflammatory response is the most important factor affecting the disease process. As interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) stimulates several key mediators in the inflammatory response, it plays a major role in the pathogenesis of OA. Maslinic acid (MA) is a natural compound distributed in olive fruit. Previous studies have found that maslinic acid has an inhibitory effect on inflammation, but its specific role in the progression of OA disease has not been studied so far. In this study, we aim to assess the protective effect of MA on OA progression by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Our results indicate that, in IL‐1β‐induced inflammatory response, MA is effective in attenuating some major inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2, and inhibits the expression of IL‐6, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase‐2, and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) in a concentration‐dependent manner. Also, MA downregulated the expression levels of thrombospondin motif 5 (ADAMTS5) and matrix metalloproteinase 13 in chondrocytes, resulting in reduced degradation of its extracellular matrix. Mechanistically, MA exhibits an anti‐inflammatory effect by inactivating the PI3K/AKT/NF‐κB pathway. In vivo, the protective effect of MA on OA development can be detected in a surgically induced mouse OA model. In summary, these findings suggest that MA can be used as a safe and effective potential OA therapeutic strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: One up‐regulated host gene identified previously was found involved in the infection process of Bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV), a single‐stranded positive‐sense RNA virus. The full length cDNA of this gene was cloned by 5′ and 3′‐rapid amplification of cDNA ends and found to encode a polypeptide containing a conserved really interesting new gene (RING) domain and a transmembrane domain. The gene might function as an ubiquitin E3 ligase. We designated this protein in Nicotiana benthamiana as ubiquitin E3 ligase containing RING domain 1 (NbUbE3R1). Further characterization by using Tobacco rattle virus‐based virus‐induced gene silencing (loss‐of‐function) revealed that increased BaMV accumulation was in both knockdown plants and protoplasts. The gene might have a defensive role in the replication step of BaMV infection. To further inspect the functional role of NbUbE3R1 in BaMV accumulation, NbUbE3R1 was expressed in N. benthamiana plants. The wild‐type NbUbE3R1‐orange fluorescent protein (NbUbE3R1‐OFP), NbUbE3R1/△TM‐OFP (removal of the transmembrane domain) and NbUbE3R1/mRING‐OFP (mutation at the RING domain, the E2 interaction site) were transiently expressed in plants. NbUbE3R1 and its derivatives all functioned in restricting the accumulation of BaMV. The common feature of these constructs was the intact substrate‐interacting domain. Yeast two‐hybrid and co‐immunoprecipitation experiments used to determine the possible viral‐encoded substrate of NbUbE3R1 revealed the replicase of BaMV as the possible substrate. In conclusion, we identified an up‐regulated gene, NbUbE3R1 that plays a role in BaMV replication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Positive anti-Treponemal immunohistochemistry (original magnification ×200) gl Discussion Lues maligna (malignant syphilis) is a distinct form of secondary syphilis characterized by a widespread papulopustular eruption that rapidly transforms into necrotic, sharply marginated ulcers with hemorrhagic crusts organized in rupioid layers. Histopathological features of lues maligna may be similar to the common form of secondary syphilis, yet the infiltrates are more severe and more granulomatous. 2 Don PC, Rubinstein R, Christie S. Malignant syphilis (lues maligna) and concurrent infection with HIV. [Extracted from the article]

An efficient polymer light-emitting diode (PLED) is demonstrated using the solution-processed octadecanamide (ODAD) as an electron injection layer (EIL). The ability for the EIL of ODAD to lower the electron injection barrier is systematically investigated by the analysis of structural analogs, photovoltaic measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS). Devices with ODAD/Al and 2-phenylacetamide/Al cathodes show the higher luminance efficiency (8.5 and 11.0 cd A−1) than that with the Ca/Al cathode (5.9 cd A−1). On the contrary, the device with the octadecylamine/Al cathode shows the performance similar to that of the device with the Al cathode. It correlates the amide functional group with the enhanced electron injection. The corresponding photovoltaic measurements suggest the amide functional group be essential to decrease the work function (WF) of Al. XPS and UPS verify the mechanism for lowering electron injection barrier: the amide functional group forms the C-O-Al complex at the ODAD/Al interface to create the interfacial dipole for decreasing the WF of Al. This is the first demonstration that efficient PLEDs are achieved using amide-functionalized small molecules as EILs. The work here paves the way for developing interfacial materials with the amide functional group to achieve efficient organic/polymer optoelectronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lichen planus pigmentosus (LPP) is an uncommon variant of lichen planus characterizing by the gradual onset of violaceous, slate grey to black macules/patches mainly on face and neck.[1] The disease-related post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation resulting from interface dermatitis and subsequent dermal melanin deposition causes significant disfigurement yet lack of standardized effective management described in the literature. In conclusion, we presented a case of LPP reports successful response with a combination therapy including topical tacrolimus, systemic hydroxychloroquine and subsequent 1064 nm Nd:YAG picosecond laser for disease-related post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Linear lichen planus pigmentosus of the forehead treated by neodymium yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser and topical tacrolimus. [Extracted from the article]

Recent research found that fine‐tuning pre‐trained models is superior to training models from scratch in just‐in‐time (JIT) defect prediction. However, existing approaches using pre‐trained models have their limitations. First, the input length is constrained by the pre‐trained models.Secondly, the inputs are change‐agnostic.To address these limitations, we propose JIT‐Block, a JIT defect prediction method that combines multiple input semantics using changed block as the fundamental unit. We restructure the JIT‐Defects4J dataset used in previous research. We then conducted a comprehensive comparison using eleven performance metrics, including both effort‐aware and effort‐agnostic measures, against six state‐of‐the‐art baseline models. The results demonstrate that on the JIT defect prediction task, our approach outperforms the baseline models in all six metrics, showing improvements ranging from 1.5% to 800% in effort‐agnostic metrics and 0.3% to 57% in effort‐aware metrics. For the JIT defect code line localization task, our approach outperforms the baseline models in three out of five metrics, showing improvements of 11% to 140%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]