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Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) technique allows us to analyze plastic additives. A series of hindered amine light stabilizers (HALSs), including TMP, PMP, BB-PMP, Chimassorb 944 and 119, and a nitroxide free radical of 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (HTEMPO) in the matrix of high-density polyethylene are characterized in the range of 0.2-2.6 THz. TMP, PMP, and BB-PMP exhibit individual well-resolved terahertz (THz) absorption spectra at room temperature. Furthermore, a linear relationship of the content of TMP versus the intensity of it first THz absorption peak are demonstrated with the detection limit of about 1.6% (w/w). In addition, PMP exhibit water-dependent characteristic THz absorption spectra. THz-TDS will afford a potential tool to investigate the stabilizing mechanism of HALS and monitor their evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite their exceptional sensitivity, single photon detectors typically exhibit limited tolerance to strong light compared to conventional linear photodetectors. Consequently, a disparity arises between these two detector types, hindering the achievement of both high sensitivity and high dynamic range in sensing and imaging. To bridge this gap, a segmented architecture is implemented with a waveform‐variance readout scheme for extacting high‐flux photon informaiton.This approach gives an unprecedented ultra‐high dynamic range of 75 dB at a fixed bias current, where single photon counting mode and quasi‐linear photodetection mode coexist. High‐dynamic imaging, passive thermal imaging, and joint active and passive imaging are demonstrated, which validate the advantages of this dual‐mode detector. Such a versatile detector will offer enhanced flexibility, single‐photon sensitivity, as well as ultra‐wide dynamic range across various scientific and technical domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the title complex, 2-methyl-1-(4-nitro­benzyl)pyridinium bis(1,2-di­cyano­ethene-1,2-di­thiol­ato)­nickelate(III), (C13H13N2O2)[Ni(C4N2S2)2], the most prominent general structural feature of the complex is the completely segregated columnar stacks of anions and cations. Within the cation column, there may be stacking interactions between adjacent nitro groups and benzene rings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]