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In this paper, a transmission‐type graphene plasmonic modulator by introducing off‐resonant Au structure is theoretically and experimentally investigated. It is found that the modulation efficiency and bandwidth could be dramatically enhanced compared with bare graphene plasmonic structure. The validity of this proposed method is verified both in the 1D and 2D graphene plasmonic structures: ribbons and holes. This work will open up a new path to design the high‐efficiency modulators, switches, and multispectral detectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: One of the unique features of plasmonic resonances in graphene structures is the enabled tunability through external means. Up to now, electrical gating is extensively adopted to tune graphene plasmonic resonances. This method is, however, limited unfortunately only to graphene structures with electrical connections. Here, a simple and efficient method to tune graphene plasmonic resonances by ultraviolet illuminations in a dynamical and reversible way is demonstrated. It is purely an optical means and can be applied to all kinds of graphene structures without introducing electrodes, ion–gel, or conducting layers required in electrical gating, which is of great significance especially for isolated graphene structures. The optical tuning method could shed new light on graphene‐based tunable devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents chemical equations related to the article "Microwave-Assisted or Cu—NHC-Catalyzed Cycloaddition of Azido-Disubstituted Alkynes: Bifurcation of Reaction Pathways" by Y. Xia and others, published in the "Journal of Organic Chemistry" in the 2014 issue.

Optimized conditions allow the selective preparation of N,N′-diarylphenylenediamines of type (III), which react with trimethyl orthoformate to produce the corresponding N-heterocyclic carbene precursors (V). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]