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Polymer dielectrics with high energy density are of urgent demand in electric and electronic devices, but the tradeoff between dielectric constant and breakdown strength is still unsolved. Herein, the synthesis and molar mass control of three alternating [1.1.1]propellane‐(meth)acrylate copolymers, denoted as P‐MA, P‐MMA, and P‐EA, respectively, are reported. These copolymers exhibit high thermal stability and are semi‐crystalline with varied glass transition temperatures and melting temperatures. The rigid bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane units in the polymer backbone promote the orientational polarization of the polar ester groups, thus enhancing the dielectric constants of these polymers, which are 4.50 for P‐EA, 4.55 for P‐MA, and 5.11 for P‐MMA at 10 Hz and room temperature, respectively. Moreover, the high breakdown strength is ensured by the non‐conjugated nature of bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane unit. As a result, these copolymers show extraordinary energy storage performance; P‐MA exhibits a discharge energy density of 9.73 J cm–3 at 750 MV m–1 and ambient temperature. This work provides a new type of promising candidates as polymer dielectrics for film capacitors, and offers an efficient strategy to improve the dielectric and energy storage properties by introducing rigid non‐conjugated bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane unit into the polymer backbone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) is rich in polysaccharides that can be utilized by the gut microbiota (GM) and provide several health benefits. However, the mechanisms underlying the action of these polysaccharides remain unclear to date. In this study, Tartary buckwheat polysaccharides (TBP) were purified, and five fractions were obtained. The composition of these fractions was determined using ion chromatography. Different TBP components were investigated regarding their probiotic effect on three species of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus rhamnosus. In addition, the effect of TBP on GM and short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) was evaluated. Results showed that the probiotic effect of TBP fraction was dependent on their composition. The polysaccharides present in different fractions had specific probiotic effects. TBP‐1.0, mainly composed of fucose, glucose, and d‐galactose, exhibited the strongest proliferation effect on L. rhamnosus, while TBP‐W, rich in glucose, d‐galactose, and fructose, had the best promoting effect on Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium adolescentis growth. Furthermore, TBP‐0.2, composed of d‐galacturonic acid, d‐galactose, xylose, and arabinose, exhibited its highest impact on Bifidobacterium breve growth. The composition of GM was significantly altered by adding TBP during fecal fermentation, with an increased relative abundance of Lactococcus, Phascolarctobacterium, Bacteroidetes, and Shigella. Simultaneously, the level of SCFA was also significantly increased by TBP. Our findings indicate that Tartary buckwheat can provide specific dietary polysaccharide sources to modulate and maintain GM diversity. They provide a basis for Tartary buckwheat commercial utilization for GM modulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Front Cover: Article 2200888 by Zhi‐Min Dang, Zi‐Chen Li, and co‐workers demonstrates the preparation of the alternating [1.1.1]propellane‐(meth) acrylate copolymers with controlled molar masses by spontaneous copolymerization. The rigid non‐conjugated bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane units in the backbone facilitate orientational polarization of side groups and ensure high breakdown strength of the copolymers. These copolymers exhibit promising energy storage properties and can be used as dielectrics for film capacitors in electric and electronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

B Front Cover b : Article 2200888 by Zhi-Min Dang, Zi-Chen Li, and co-workers demonstrates the preparation of the alternating [1.1.1]propellane-(meth) acrylate copolymers with controlled molar masses by spontaneous copolymerization. Alternating [1.1.1]Propellane-(Meth)Acrylate Copolymers: A New Class of Dielectrics with High Energy Density for Film Capacitors These copolymers exhibit promising energy storage properties and can be used as dielectrics for film capacitors in electric and electronic devices. [Extracted from the article]

An adaptive method is employed to speed up computation of high accuracy surface modeling (HASM), for which an error indicator and an error estimator are developed. Root mean-square error (RMSE) is used as the error estimator that is formulated as a function of gully density and grid cell size. The error indicator is developed on the basis of error surfaces for different spatial resolutions, which are interpolated in terms of the absolute errors calculated at sampled points while paying attention to the landform characteristics. The error surfaces indicate the magnitude and distribution of errors in each step of adaptive refinement and make spatial changes to the errors in the simulation process visualized. The adaptive method of high accuracy surface modeling (HASM-AM) is applied to simulating elevation surface of the Dong-Zhi tableland with 27.24 million pixels at a spatial resolution of 10 m × 10 m. Test results show that HASM-AM has greatly speeded up computation by avoiding unnecessary calculations and saving memory. In addition, HASM-AM improves simulation accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the realm of electronic circuits, materials with high thermal conductivity are sought after as ideal packaging components. It is crucial that such materials not only possess excellent thermal conductivity, but also maintain desirable dielectric properties. To this end, boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) and BNNS/nanodiamond (ND) aerogels with a three‐dimensional (3D) structure using the ice‐template method were prepared. Subsequently, these aerogels were utilized as a framework to produce 3D‐BNNS/epoxy and 3D‐BNNS/ND/epoxy composites via the vacuum‐assisted impregnation method, which exhibit enhanced anisotropic thermal conductivity. Furthermore, the thermal conductivity exhibited by the 3D‐BNNS/epoxy composites outperforms those containing randomly distributed BNNS. The experiment also reveals sintering the aerogel at elevated temperatures to remove the PVA can significantly improve the thermal conductivity exhibited by the 3D‐BNNS/epoxy and 3D‐BNNS/ND/epoxy composites. Importantly, the 3D‐BNNS/ND/epoxy composites illustrate exceptional thermal conductivity values of 1.326 W/(m·K), indicating a remarkable synergistic effect of BNNS and ND in improving thermal conductivity. It is noteworthy to state that the relative thermal conductivity ratio of the 3D‐BNNS/epoxy and 3D‐BNNS/ND/epoxy composites to pure epoxy resin was markedly higher at lower temperatures than the values measured at room temperature, signifying their superior heat transfer performance at lower temperatures. In addition, the composites depict excellent dielectric properties and lower coefficients of thermal expansion values. Finally, the 3D‐BNNS/ND/epoxy composites also have significantly improved Tg (132.5 and 152.6°C). The high‐performance polymer composites described in this study are envisaged for implementation within the realm of electronic packaging materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing penetration of renewable energy sources causes complex uncertainties of the power system. To capture such uncertainties in power system planning, an important step is to generate representative scenarios. In this work, a long short term memory (LSTM) auto‐encoder based approach is proposed to generate representative scenarios in an integrated hydro‐photovoltaic (PV) power generation system, which consists of feature extraction by LSTM Encoder, scenario clustering in feature domain by combining gap statistics method and K‐means++, and representative scenario reconstruction by using LSTM Decoder. Compared with traditional scenario selection and generation methods, the proposed method can better capture the patterns of multivariate time‐series data in both temporal and spatial dimensions. A case study in southwest China is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, which outperforms other existing methods by achieving the lowest SSE and DBI indices of 0.89 and 0.12, respectively, and obtaining the best SIL and CHI scores of 0.93 and 2.30, respectively, In addition, the case study shows the proposed model setup works more stable for scenario generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aims to clarify the mechanisms underlying transcriptional regulation and regulatory roles of lncRNAs in skeletal muscle cell differentiation. Methods: We analysed the expression patterns of lncRNAs via time‐course RNA‐seq. Then, we further combined the ATAC‐seq and ChIP‐seq to investigate the governing mechanisms of transcriptional regulation of differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs. Weighted correlation network analysis and GO analysis were conducted to identify the transcription factor (TF)‐lncRNA pairs related to skeletal muscle cell differentiation. Results: We identified 385 DE lncRNAs during C2C12 differentiation, the transcription of which is determined by chromatin states around their transcriptional start sites. The TF‐lncRNA correlation network showed substantially concordant changes in DE lncRNAs between C2C12 differentiation and satellite cell rapid growth stages. Moreover, the up‐regulated lncRNAs showed a significant decrease following the differentiation capacity of satellite cells, which gradually declines during skeletal muscle development. Notably, inhibition of the lncRNA Atcayos and Trp53cor1 led to the delayed differentiation of satellite cells. Those lncRNAs were significantly up‐regulated during the rapid growth stage of satellite cells (4‐6 weeks) and down‐regulated with reduced differentiation capacity (8‐12 weeks). It confirms that these lncRNAs are positively associated with myogenic differentiation of satellite cells during skeletal muscle development. Conclusions: This study extends the understanding of mechanisms governing transcriptional regulation of lncRNAs and provides a foundation for exploring their functions in skeletal muscle cell differentiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We are running a wide field photometric survey under the collaboration between Yunnan Observatories and Hong Kong Astronomical Society with a Centurion 18‐inch telescope at the Lijiang station of Yunnan Observatories, China. Its scientific goals are discovering new transiting exoplanetary systems and other types of variable stars, and studying asteroids of the solar system. The survey was designed to monitor several fixed sky areas through time series photometry with short cadences. Since 2016, numerous observing data have been accumulated and reduced by means of dedicated pipelines to deliver the light curves for tens of thousands objects, which are cross‐matched through the Carlsberg Meridian Catalog 15 or USNO‐B1.0 catalog. Systematic errors and trends that existed in the raw photometric results are simulated through selected reference stars and then removed to improve signal‐to‐noise ratios of the light curves, which is crucial to detect weak signals like exoplanet transits and other variable stars of low amplitudes in brightness variations. The final data products own the photometric precision better than 0.01 magnitude for stars brighter than 13.8 magnitude in the V band. By means of generalized Lomb–Scargle, phase dispersion minimization, and box‐fitting least squares techniques, we have already identified about a thousand of variable stars from the survey, including transiting exoplanet candidates, spotted stars, eclipsing binaries, pulsating stars, and so on. In addition, we have also captured around a thousand of asteroids of the solar system in the survey fields and produced their light curves due to spins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mammalian Y chromosome offers a unique perspective on the male reproduction and paternal evolutionary histories. However, further understanding of the Y chromosome biology for most mammals is hindered by the lack of a Y chromosome assembly. This study presents an integrated in silico strategy for identifying and assembling the goat Y‐linked scaffolds using existing data. A total of 11.5 Mb Y‐linked sequences were clustered into 33 scaffolds, and 187 protein‐coding genes were annotated. We also identified high abundance of repetitive elements. A 5.84 Mb subset was further ordered into an assembly with the evidence from the goat radiation hybrid map (RH map). The existing whole‐genome resequencing data of 96 goats (worldwide distribution) were utilized to exploit the paternal relationships among bezoars and domestic goats. Goat paternal lineages were clearly divided into two clades (Y1 and Y2), predating the goat domestication. Demographic history analyses indicated that maternal lineages experienced a bottleneck effect around 2,000 YBP (years before present), after which goats belonging to the A haplogroup spread worldwide from the Near East. As opposed to this, paternal lineages experienced a population decline around the 10,000 YBP. The evidence from the Y chromosome suggests that male goats were not affected by the A haplogroup worldwide transmission, which implies sexually unbalanced contribution to the goat trade and population expansion in post‐Neolithic period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electricity network is leading to a low carbon future with high penetration of plug-in electric vehicles (EVs). However, it is extraordinarily difficult to acquire detailed information on regional EV electrification with an incomplete monitoring system for network operators. In this study, a flexible graph signal processing (GSP)-based non-intrusive monitoring on aggregated EVs is proposed to enhance the EVs visibility for operating power system safely and cost-efficiently. It can deduce the individual EV charging status with the highest possibility iteratively from the limited dataset using a GSP-based possibility calculation after processing a daytime EV characteristic charging patterns. The experiment is developed with realistic EV charging datasets collected in London, and the results show the daily EVs number in a specific region of 500 EVs daily aggregation can be estimated efficiently with an around 4.77% value of relative mean absolute deviation applying the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

TEST is employed for the Yunnan-HongKong wide field photometric survey which has a photometric precision better than 0.01 mag for stars brighter than 13.8 in the V band. The survey already identified about a thousand variable stars, including transiting exoplanets, spotted stars, eclipsing binaries, and pulsating stars. The Centurion 18 inch Transiting Exoplanet Survey Telescope (TEST) with a focal ratio F2.8 located on Gaomeigu campus at the Lijiang station of Yunnan Observatories, China, since 2016 is shown with its dome completely opened at dusk. [Extracted from the article]