1. Duck gut metagenome reveals the microbiome signatures linked to intestinal regional, temporal development, and rearing condition.
- Author
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Ma, Lingyan, Lyu, Wentao, Zeng, Tao, Wang, Wen, Chen, Qu, Zhao, Jiangchao, Zhang, Guolong, Lu, Lizhi, Yang, Hua, and Xiao, Yingping
- Subjects
MICROBIAL communities ,MICROBIAL genes ,GUT microbiome ,BACTERIAL genes ,PATHOGENIC bacteria ,ENTEROTYPES - Abstract
The duck gastrointestinal tract (GIT) harbors an abundance of microorganisms that play an important role in duck health and production. Here, we constructed the first relatively comprehensive duck gut microbial gene catalog (24 million genes) and 4437 metagenome‐assembled genomes using 375 GIT metagenomic samples from four different duck breeds across five intestinal segments under two distinct rearing conditions. We further characterized the intestinal region‐specific microbial taxonomy and their assigned functions, as well as the temporal development and maturation of the duck gut microbiome. Our metagenomic analysis revealed the similarity within the microbiota of the foregut and hindgut compartments, but distinctive taxonomic and functional differences between distinct intestinal segments. In addition, we found a significant shift in the microbiota composition of newly hatched ducks (3 days), followed by increased diversity and enhanced stability across growth stages (14, 42, and 70 days), indicating that the intestinal microbiota develops into a relatively mature and stable community as the host duck matures. Comparing the impact of different rearing conditions (with and without water) on duck cecal microbiota communities and functions, we found that the bacterial capacity for lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis was significantly increased in ducks that had free access to water, leading to the accumulation of pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic‐resistance genes. Taken together, our findings expand the understanding of the microbiome signatures linked to intestinal regional, temporal development, and rearing conditions in ducks, which highlight the significant impact of microbiota on poultry health and production. Highlights: A catalog of microbial genes and metagenome‐assembled genomes from the duck gut microbiome.The microbiota within different duck intestinal segments exhibits both similarities and distinctive taxonomic and functional differences.Significant shifts in microbiota composition have been observed in newly hatched ducks at 3 days of age, followed by increased diversity and enhanced stability across growth stages (14, 42, and 70 days).Ducks with free access to water have shown an increased bacterial capacity for lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, leading to the accumulation of pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic‐resistance genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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