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A nationwide population-based study in Korea found that patients with newly diagnosed psoriatic disease have a higher risk of incident inflammatory heart diseases (IHD) and autoimmune neural diseases compared to individuals without psoriatic disease. The study included over 350,000 patients with psoriatic disease and their matched comparators. The risk of IHD, particularly acute myocarditis, was significantly higher in patients with psoriatic disease. Additionally, the risk of autoimmune neural diseases affecting both the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS) was also significantly higher in patients with psoriatic disease. The study suggests that systemic inflammation driven by IL-17 in psoriatic disease may contribute to the development of these conditions. [Extracted from the article]

Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) is a rare variant of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma, accounting for <1% of cases. Skin involvement in LPL is quite rare—accounting for approximately 5% of extramedullary disease—and includes a variety of clinical morphologies, such as erythematous‐to‐violaceous plaques, violaceous nodules or tumors, and ulceration at various anatomical sites. Herein, we report the case of a 45‐year‐old Korean woman who presented with generalized erythematous indurated plaques and pendulous skin growths, which were asymptomatic, with marked diffuse infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells in the dermis. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that the lymphoid cells expressed CD3, CD79a, and cytoplasmic IgG, but lacked CD10 and IgM. Moreover, kappa light chain restriction and monoclonal immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangement were observed. Upon further workup, lymphoma involvement was reported in multiple lymph nodes, including those in the cervical and axillary regions. This case shows a unique form of cutaneous LPL clinically presenting as acquired cutis laxa, emphasizing the dermatologists' need to be vigilant for variant forms of this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The association between psoriasis and alopecia areata has not been thoroughly investigated. The objective of this study is to investigate the association of psoriasis with alopecia areata. An electronic search was conducted in August 2021. The analysis included studies that reported sufficient data on the prevalence, odds, or hazard of alopecia areata in patients with psoriasis or that of psoriasis in patients with alopecia areata. Meta‐analysis using an inverse variance method was performed with a random‐effects model, assuming inherent heterogeneity between the included studies. The subgroup analyses were performed according to the age group and study quality. A total of 27 studies were included. The pooled prevalence of alopecia areata among patients with psoriasis was 0.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.3–0.7%). The pooled odds ratio of alopecia areata among patients with psoriasis was 2.71 (95% CI, 2.29–3.21), whereas the pooled prevalence of psoriasis among patients with alopecia areata was 2.5% (95% CI, 2.0–3.0%). Moreover, the pooled odds ratio of psoriasis among patients with alopecia areata was 3.52 (95% CI, 1.27–9.74). The association of psoriasis and alopecia areata remained in the subgroup analyses according to the age group and study quality. In conclusion, this study suggests a bidirectional association between psoriasis and alopecia areata. Clinical examinations may be necessary to determine the presence of comorbid alopecia areata in patients with psoriasis and vice versa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Objectives: The clinical implications of facial involvement in pediatric patients with psoriasis have not been adequately studied. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the association between facial involvement and clinical features including disease severity of psoriasis in children and adolescents. Methods: The clinical features of patients aged below 20 years diagnosed with psoriasis were retrospectively evaluated and grouped based on the presence or absence of facial involvement at presentation. Demographic and clinical data were compared between groups. Results: Of the 175 patients, 110 patients (62.9%) had facial involvement of psoriasis at presentation. The group with facial involvement was significantly younger at disease onset (p =.032) and had a higher body mass index (BMI) (p =.043) and psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score (p <.001). The severity of pruritus was significantly higher in the facial than in the non‐facial group (p =.020). Involvement of the nose was associated with the highest disease severity as assessed by the PASI score and affected body surface area. A significantly higher number of treatment modalities were used in the facial group than in the non‐facial group (p =.013). The BMI (odds ratio (OR), 1.39; 95% CI (confidence interval), 1.07–1.80) and PASI score (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.03–2.03) were independent factors associated with facial involvement of psoriasis. Conclusions: Facial involvement in psoriasis was associated with higher disease severity and more treatment modalities in children and adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Excessive accumulation of submental fat (SMF) causes a lower face cosmetic problem. A lipolytic injectable has recently been developed as a solution. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects and safety of DWJ211 (a newly developed lipolytic injectable) in the reduction of SMF and to identify the optimum dose. In this multi‐center, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study, subjects with moderate to severe SMF were randomized to injections of DWJ211 0.5%, DWJ211 1%, DWJ211 2% or placebo in the submental area, every 4 weeks, up to Week 12. Efficacy was determined by improvements in physician‐assisted SMF rating scales (PA‐SMFRS) and subject‐assisted SMF rating scales (SA‐SMFRS) 4 weeks after the last treatment (Week 16). Safety was assessed by inquiries, subject diary entries of adverse events, laboratory tests, and vital sign checks. Of 140 enrolled subjects, 136 were included in the analysis. The proportions of subjects, who achieved ≥1‐grade improvement on the PA‐SMFRS were 41.7%, 65.7%, 84.4%, and 72.7%, and the proportions of subjects, who achieved ≥1‐grade improvement on the SA‐SMFRS were 50.0%, 71.4%, 93.8%, and 81.8% for the placebo, DWJ211 0.5%, DWJ211 1%, and DWJ211 2% group, respectively. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were more common in each of the treatment groups compared with placebo, with the most common ADR being injection site pain. No subjects experienced any serious adverse events. In conclusion, the 1% DWJ211 dose was beneficial for SMF reduction and had a tolerable safety profile. Thus, we selected 1% as the dose to be tested in a Phase 3 clinical trial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comprehensive studies of primary cutaneous extranodal natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma (PCENKTL) are scarce. The objectives of this study are to describe PCENKTL in terms of its clinical features, histopathology, immunophenotypes, and prognosis, and to analyze factors affecting patient survival outcomes. We searched four databases and include studies with extractable data. We also searched the Asan Medical Center database for cases of PCENKTL. We include a total of 289 patients. The mean age at diagnosis was 52.8 years and the female to male ratio was 1:1.2. The most common clinical morphology was a subcutaneous nodule, followed by ulceration. About half of the patients presented with disseminated skin lesions. The median overall survival was 12.0 months and the 5‐year survival rate was 22.0%. There was no correlation between the clinical morphology or the histopathological features of the skin lesions with the patient outcomes. Advanced TNM stage, a disseminated skin lesion, tumor location on the leg or trunk, the presence of B symptoms, and a high International Prognostic Index score were associated with a worse prognosis, and chemoradiotherapy was associated with a better survival outcome as compared with chemotherapy alone in univariable analyses. In multivariable analyses, only advanced TNM stage and tumor location on the leg were associated with a worse prognosis. In conclusion, PCENKTL is an aggressive cutaneous lymphoma and its prognosis is associated with TNM stage and tumor location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extranodal natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is a rare but aggressive cancer characterised by angiocentric and angiodestructive infiltration by NK‐cells, or cytotoxic T‐cell types. Histopathologically, ENKTL shows a multinodular or diffuse infiltration localised to vascular structures, resulting in angiodestruction and necrosis. We present a patient with an initially suspected diagnosis of benign interface dermatitis with a differential diagnosis of mycosis fungoides that was later found to be an aggressive extranodal natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma of a nasal type and with a dismal prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the World Health Organization classification, histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasms comprise five categories: HS, Langerhans cell sarcoma, interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma/tumor, follicular dendritic cell sarcoma/tumor, and dendritic cell sarcoma not otherwise specified. HS may present synchronously or metachronously with B-cell or myeloid malignancies, such as acute myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, follicular lymphoma, and extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. A common precursor and lineage plasticity has been suggested in these tumors.[4] Before the development of immunohistochemical staining for histiocyte markers, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, and peripheral T-cell lymphoma with hemophagocytic syndrome were commonly misdiagnosed as HS. [Extracted from the article]