Search

Multi-objective optimisation of capacity planning for a grid-connected Microgrid (MG) with multi-energy demands is developed in this study. The optimal multi-energy coordinated scheduling, in which uncertainties of renewable energy generation and electricity demand are described by uncertainty intervals, is considered within the capacity planning model. To solve the capacity planning problem while considering the optimal scheduling with uncertainties, a two-level optimisation approach is proposed by integrating interval mixed integer linear programming for scheduling into the multi-objective particle swarm optimisation for capacity planning. The multi-objective addresses the economic issue by minimising the worst-case optimal annual costs of device investments, operation and maintenance, and pollutant emission treatment, as well as the reliability concern by minimising the worst-case optimal annual costs of energy outage. Several MG cases studies are shown to demonstrate the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Waterborne polyurethane (WPU) dispersions with a high solid content and low viscosity were prepared successfully by a two-step polymerization with isophorone diisocyanate, poly(propylene glycol), and dimethylol propionic acid as the main raw materials. The molar ratio of hard segments to soft segments was controlled to investigate its influence on the particle size, particle morphology, stability of dispersions, and final properties of the WPU films. Measurements including attenuated total reflectance/Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, polarizing optical microscopy, and contact angle tests were used to characterize the bulk structures, phase separation, thermal stability, crystallinity, and wettability of the WPU dispersions. The results indicate that all of the WPU dispersions with a high solid content (ca. 40 wt %) and low viscosity (ca. 20-50 mPa s) displayed excellent stability. The prepared WPU dispersions with acetone contents of 5-7 wt % could be used directly as an ink binder without removing the acetone; this is beneficial to industrial applications of water-based ink binders. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45406. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the production process of OLED products, process cutting, transportation collision and so on may lead to cracks on the edge of the product, and the organic light‐emitting materials inside will be oxidized and eroded by water vapor due to the direct contact between cracks and air, resulting in serious poor functional display. And this process is progressive. At the initial stage, the defects are very subtle, which can not be identified by naked eyes and ordinary equipment. It is difficult to check and intercept, which has become the difficulty of the whole industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the study which aims to identify the sources and potential risk of heavy metals to children who are directly exposed to mineral soils in urban and suburb areas in Changsha City, China. The study combined the principal component analysis, geostatistics, and triangulated irregular network (TIN) model in discriminating the sources of heavy metals such as Arsenic, Cadmium, and Zinc. The study indicates that heavy metal contamination in Changsa may have come from coal usage and metal mining activities, and it identifies that Arsenic poses the highest potential health risk for children.

Using chemically modified spent grains as a new biosorbent to treat arsenate and arsenite ions was studied. The influences of pH, contact time, initial concentration and temperature were studied in batch experiments. The equilibrium process was described well by Langmuir isotherm model with maximum biosorption capacities of 13.39 and 4.86 mg/g of arsenate and arsenite on spent grains, respectively. The initial removal was rapid, and equilibrium was established in less than 180 mm. Good correlation coefficients were obtained for the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. In the binary metal solutions, the finite sites on the surface of spent grains showed a greater preference for As(V) ions. The enthalpy of biosorption was exothermic and the increase in As(III) removal was larger than that of As(V) over the same rise in temperature. In this study, spent grains proved to be suitable for removal of As(V) and As(Ill) from the effluent of metallurgical industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding soil sulfur pools and associated aggregates S fractions can provide a platform for monitoring S dynamics in soils. A long-term experiment established in 1922 on an Aquic Eutrocryepts in South-eastern Norway was chosen to investigate the effects of long-term fertilization on S fractions in bulk soil and those associated with aggregates. Chloroform fumigation-extraction was used to determine Microbial biomass S (MBS) and the wet chemical analysis method was used to fractionate soil S into ester S (hydriodic acid reducible S), carbon-bonded S (Raney nickel reducible 5) and residual S (Raney nickel non-reducible S). High farmyard manure (FYM) application resulted in higher MBS in bulk soil than nitrogen + potassium (NK) application, but it did not differ significantly from the control. Application of FYM at 60 Mg ha-1 resulted into accumulation of total S, total organic S and carbon- bonded S in bulk soils, while mineral fertilizer (nitrogen+phosphorus+potassium+sulfur [NPKS] and NK) and the medium rate of FYM did not increase the accumulation of total S and organic S fractions. The macroaggregate sizes (>2 and 1-2 mm) and the finest aggregate size (<0.106 mm) showed significantly greater total S concentration than other aggregate sizes. Ester S and residual S were predominant organic S fractions and they accounted for 39 to 52% and 38 to 51% of the organic 5, respectively. The macroaggregate sizes (>2 and 1-2 mm) contained the highest ester 5, but microaggregates (<0.106 mm) exhibited higher carbon-bonded S and residual S than other aggregates. In conclusion, the accumulation of S was dependent on fertilizer type, the rate of FYM application and aggregate sizes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Differentiation and proliferation of haematopoietic progenitor cells occur in intimate contact with the bone marrow microenvironment which is composed of stromal cells and extracellular matrix proteins. MOP3 (also known as brain and muscle Arnt-like protein-1, BMAL1), a master regulator of circadian rhythm, plays important roles in the regulation of cell differentiation and general physical functions. In the present studies, MOP3-deficient mice had significantly reduced levels of B cells in the peripheral blood, spleen and bone marrow compared MOP3+/– or MOP3+/+ littermates. Flow cytometry analysis showed the levels of pre-B cells in bone marrow of MOP3–/– mice were similar as that in control mice. Adoptive transfer of MOP3–/– bone marrow cells (BMC) to lethally irradiated BALB/c Rag2–/– recipients, normal T and B cell development was observed, whereas Adoptive transfer of BALB/c BMC to lethally irradiated MOP3–/– recipients, B-cell development was significantly impaired. These results presented herein with MOP3-deficient mice reveal the involvement of MOP3 in the development of B cells, but not other immune cells. The effect of MOP3 on the differentiation of pre-B cells to mature B cells might be mediated by the bone marrow microenvironment. This study also showed a connection between a master regular of circadian rhythm with B-cell development in mice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

POPULATION: Chinese and Thai. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines blood samples from unrelated Chinese and Thai volunteer donors. Extraction of DNA samples from blood specimen using Chelex-100; Polymerase chain reaction conditions; Analysis of the amplified products.

Analyzes blood samples collected from unrelated individuals of Chinese Han population living in Chengdu and a Thai population from Thailand. Extraction of DNA genomic data using Chelex-100; Polymerase chain reaction conditions; Analysis of the amplified products.

Analyzes allele frequency distribution of short tandem repeat loci D11S1390 and D11S2008 in Chinese and Thai volunteer donors. Polymerase chain reaction conditions; Analysis of the amplified products using an ABI PRISM 310 Genetic Analyzer; Forensic parameters in Chinese Han and Thai; Implications for forensic science.

Analyzes blood samples collected from unrelated individuals of Chinese Han population living in Chengdu and a Thai population from Thailand. Extraction of genomic DNA using Chelex-100; Polymerase chain reaction conditions; Allele frequencies for the loci D8S1121 and D8S1130 and their forensic parameters in Chinese Han and Thai.