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Background: Radiotherapy is a practical locoregional treatment approach for women with breast cancer who show ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph node metastasis (ISLNM) on diagnosis. However, there is controversy around the role of supraclavicular lymph node dissection. Therefore, we aimed to study the significance of supraclavicular surgery based on radiotherapy.Patients and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 142 patients with breast cancer who presented with isolated ISLNM and received radiotherapy between the years 2000 and 2016. We also defined the effect of surgery on locoregional treatment of these patients by analyzing the prognostic factors for recurrence-free survival (RFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and overall survival (OS).Results: We observed that, of the 142 patients, 104 who received radiotherapy underwent supraclavicular lymph node dissection. Also, among the study group, the progesterone receptor (PR) status (P = 0.044) and the number of axillary lymph nodes (ALNs) involved (P = 0.002) were significant independent predictors of RFS. Also, tumor size (P = 0.007), PR (P < 0.001), and number of ALNs (P < 0.001) were independent predictors of DMFS and were statistically significant. Also, PR was an independent prognostic factor of OS (P = 0.033), whereas the supraclavicular surgery was not an independent prognostic factor for RFS, DMFS, and OS. Furthermore, our study focused on 92 patients with negative estrogen receptors (ERs). The result showed that supraclavicular surgery was statistically significant for RFS (P = 0.023); no significant differences in DMFS and OS were found between patients who received supraclavicular surgery and those who did not.Conclusion: Radiotherapy may be the primary locoregional treatment approach for patients with breast cancer who present with newly diagnosed ISLNM. Additionally, supraclavicular surgery may be more appropriate for patients with negative ER who received radiotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]