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Introduction: The phyllodes tumors of the breast are very rare tumors, especially in young women. As fibroadenomas, these tumors derived from connective tissue and have a benign outcome with a good prognosis. Case Report: We report the case of a girl aged 12 years who presented a mass in the left breast. Breast ultrasound was performed and was in favor of a juvenile fibroadenoma. A lumpectomy was performed showing a phyllode tumor with tumor of grade II, the patient then received radical surgery surgery with a good outcome at 1-year follow-up. Conclusion: Phyllodes tumors of the breast in children are very rare; the mainstay of treatment is surgical with a benign course and a good prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To report the experience of Ibn Rochd oncology center on management of solitary bone plasmacytoma. Describe the radiological findings in bone solitary plasmacytoma throughout plain radiographs, CT and MRI. Methods: Ten cases of solitary bone plasmacytoma were collected retrospectively in the Ibn Rushd-oncology center over a period of 8 years. Results: The mean age was 57 years old (range 48-68) and the mean consulting time about 8 months (range 4-24). The plasmacytoma was vertebral in six cases, in the pelvis in two, in a maxillary sinus in one, and in the cranial vault in one case. The most common primary clinical signs were pain and neurological disorders. The diagnosis was based on imaging data (plain radiographs, CT and MRI) and histological examination of bone biopsy. A research assessment for multiple myeloma was achieved in all cases and found normal. Radiotherapy graded 40 to 45 Gy was delivered in ten patients. Decompressive laminectomy was performed in four patients. After the end of treatment, there has been a regression of pain in eight patients and recovery of neurological disorders in half. Conclusion: Solitary bone plasmacytoma is a malignant tumor developed from plasmocyte cells. Its diagnosis is retained after a looking for a negative multiple myeloma. The basic treatment of solitary plasmacytoma bone is radiotherapy, which provides the best local control. Surgery is useful only in cases of nerve compression or bone instability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Ewing sarcomas are rare tumors (3% of malignant tumors in children). Standardized management and multidisciplinary approach is carried in our context for a long time. The purpose of this study was to describe clinical profiles and therapeutic outcomes. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive and analytical study conducted in the Oncology and Radiation Therapy Center of University Hospital of Casablanca from 2006 to 2010. Patients with histology and immuno-histo-chemistry confirming the diagnosis of Ewing's Sarcoma (ES) and whose file were assessable were included. Data were analyzed with SPSS 20. Univariate analysis focused on the socio-demographic and clinico-radiological. Survival was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method and the log rank test (P ≤ 0.05). Results: 32 patients were included, mean age was18 years, sex ratio (M/F) 1.5. The tumor was mainly in bone (87.5%). The average tumor size was 10.6 cm. Two cases have been reported synchronous metastasis. The treatment combined respectively chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy in nine patients; chemotherapy and surgery were associated in seven patients, neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy combined radiotherapy were administrated in 12 patients; 4 patients received chemotherapy alone. The average follow-up was 44 months (median = 43.5 months), the average time recurrence was 22.9 months. Overall survival was 78% and disease-free survival was 56%. The overall survival was better (79.2 %) for chilhood group (age ≤ than 20 years) than adult group >20-year-old (75%). Conclusion: The management of Ewing's sarcoma is well conducted in our center. The outcomes that we obtained are encouraging to continue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Thromboembolic events are important causes of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. Purpose of this study was to evaluate incidence and risk factors in cancer patients. Patients and Methods: We conduct a prospective study currently in our center. A cohort of 1635 patients was established from January 1, 2013 to June 30, 2013 and followed up to December 31, 2013 in Radiotherapy Center of University Hospital of Casablanca/Morocco. All patients with histologically confirmed cancer were included. Thrombosis events were notified during the treatment management and following up. Patients with thrombosis were managed in collaboration with the Department of Cardiology. Database was analyzed with SPSS version 20. Results: Media age was 54 years and sex ratio was 0.5. For BMI, hemoglobin, leukocyte and platelets, the medians values were respectively 22.80 kg/m2, 12 g/dl, 7175/ml and 3.3000/ml. Tumor localization were breast (27.8%), gynecology (16%), head and neck (11.4%), lung (10.4%), stomach (4.7%), pancreatic (1.5%), others digestive cancers (13.4%), urogenital tractus (6%), hematology (1.5%), testicle (0.4%). regarding Khorana risk level, 7.1% of patients were classified high risk and 91.1% intermediaries' risk. Incidence of deep venous thrombosis was 3.2% for overall cohort. Rate of VTE regarding risk level of Khorana model at 11 months was 1.2% with a low risk, 2.5% with intermediary risk and 14.5% with high risk. Previously, multivariate analysis will determine the risk factors associated with VTE include age >65 years, female sex, use of chemotherapy or surgery, primary site of cancer, staging, adjuvant treatment and presence of comorbidities. Conclusion: Systematic assesment of thromboembolic risk with Khorana score could contribute to alleviate the burden of morbidities and mortality in cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Intraocular non-Hodgkin lymphoma (IONHL) runs a uniformly fatal course. Once the central nervous system is involved, survival without treatment is very limited. Although treatment does not substantially improve the long term survival, it provides short term improvement in these patients. Observation: We report a case of an intraocular non-Hodgkin lymphoma in a patient treated at the Oncology Center Ibn Rochd of Casablanca. It was about a patient of 31 years with no specific pathological history, who presented in April 2013 with clinical symptoms of redness in the right eye and decreased visual acuity. Ophthalmological tests showed a right blindness and ocular ultrasound an incomplete posterior detachment of the retina with a cataract. This assessment concludes to an anterior right sclero-uveitis. The patient received systemic corticosteroids. Given the persistence of symptoms and the appearance of sclerotic nodules, an etiologic looking for a systemic disease was found normal. Cranio-orbital scanner objectified diffuse infiltration of the intraocular soft tissues and biopsy of nodules confirmed the diagnosis of peripheric TNHL. The complementary staging found submandibular and jugular-carotid lymph nodes with laryngeal thickening. Before the diagnosis of IONHL, the patient received chemotherapy (2 cures of DHAP) and local radiotherapy (45 Gy) followed by enucleation of the right eye. The evolution was marked by the death of the patient due to brain metastases with a term of 15 months. Conclusion: IONHL presents as the form of several clinical features. Treatment was initially based on radiotherapy. Recently, combination with chemotherapy has improved survival and tolerance, especially after the introduction of intra-vitreal chemotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Malignant transformation of mature ovarian teratoma to epidermoid carcinoma is a very rare complication, representing 1-3% of cases. It is seen most often in women of pre-menopausal or post-menopausal period and which the risk increases with age. Observation: We report the case of a 51-year-old woman, in the pre-menopausal period, who presented with abdominal pain associated with a pelvic mass. Abdominal and pelvic ultrasound showed a right ovarian tumor. Hysterectomy without annexial conservation associated with omentectomy was performed, revealing a squamous cell carcinoma in a mature teratoma of the ovary, so the patient received chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin with a good evolution after a loss of 1 year. Conclusion: Treatment of malignant mature ovarian teratoma is the same as epithelial ovarian cancer. Prognosis depends on several factors, with a survival rate of 70% in stage I and 11% in the advanced stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: In testicular lymphoma, tumor cells grow infiltrating through the tubules and through the normal testicular vessels, and the normal vascular architecture of the testis is preserved. wether the macroscopic appearance is nodular or diffus. The aim of this study is to describe the grey-scale and Doppler findings in testicular lymphoma, and to evaluate whether identification at color Doppler ultrasound of testicular vessels with straight course crossing a mass in improving characterization of the lesion. Materials and Methods: A cohort of 21 patients with testicular mass underwent scrotal Doppler ultrasound within the period between June 2012 and May 2014. Color Doppler images were available were reexamined to assess the features of the lesion, either mass forming or diffuse, and presence of normal testicular vessels with straight course crossing the lesion. Results: Thirteen patients with pathologically-proven lymphoma were found, five patients were carrying another histological type and 3 patients in whom lymphoproliferative disease was suspected on clinical and US ground and pathology or clinical evolution showed non-neoplastic disease. Lymphoma patients age ranged 21-72 y (median: 64 y). Eight patients had primary disease and one had testicular involvement in sistemic disease. None had bilateral involvement. Patients with non neoplasic lesions (three patients) had proven non-specific inflammation (n = 1), granulomatous orchitis (n = 1) and tuberculosis (n = 1). Involvement of the testis was focal in six patients with lymphoma, diffuse in the others. Color Doppler US demonstrated normal testicular vessels with straight course within the tumor in the nine cases of lymphoma. Conclusion: In patients over 60 and/or with history of lymphoproliferative disease presenting with a testicular mass lymphoma must be considered; Demonstration of normal testicular vessels crossing the lesion is a useful adjunctive criterium to confirm the diagnosis. Inflammatory lesions may present the same imaging features as lymphoma. These criterias should be researched by the radiologist to predict eventually the kind of tumour as preoperative approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ovarian choriocarcinoma is a malignant germinal tumor, mainly affecting young women and characterized by the presence of malignant cells cytotrophoblastique and scyncitiotrophoblastique. They may be gestational (most common) or non-gestational (primitive). Destinction between the two types is difficult and requires the use of DNA analysis. We report a case of patient followed in our department for ovarian choriocarcinoma treated with surgery first followed by chemotherapy based on bleomycin, etoposide and platamine for 6 cycles. After a decline of 18 months the patient is in complete remission clinical, biological and radiological. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging plays a pivotal role in assessment of prostate cancer. We review the currently available MR methodologies for the evaluation of prostate cancer in a practical and integrated clinical context, discuss and illustrate the recent advancements in the field. We also argue the advantages and limitations of current diagnostic MR imaging of the prostate. In addition, we develop an imaging algorithm for MR imaging protocol of the prostate cancer. Methods: Experience of our department and pictorial review of literature. Results: Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in males. It's can be divided into detection, localization, and staging; accurate assessment is a prerequisite for optimal clinical management and therapy selection. Traditional prostate MR imaging has been based on morphologic imaging with standard T1-weighted and T2-weighted sequences, which has limited accuracy. Recent advances include additional functional and physiologic MR imaging techniques (diffusionweighted imaging, MR spectroscopy, and perfusion imaging), which allow extension of the obtainable information beyond anatomic assessment, and provides the highest accuracy in diagnosis and staging of prostate cancer. Conclusion: Owing to its exquisite soft-tissue contrast, MR imaging is well suited for assessment of the prostate. It's a rapidly evolving field, and the application of many new techniques to the evaluation of prostate cancer will continue to improve the diagnostic accuracy of prostate cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Osseous osteosarcoma is the most frequent osseous malignant tumour. It is most frequent in teenager and in young adult. Few studies of osteosarcoma of adult were published and data with regard to this entity are unknown in our context. The purpose is to describe all the aspects of this pathology in this age and to evaluate the quality of the multidisciplinary care in our centre. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of the patients reached by osseous osteosarcoma treated and followed in our centres between 2006 and 2012. Our criterion of exclusion was an age inferior to 18-years-old. Several variables were studied among which the age, the sex, the revealing signs, the histories, the geographical origin, the biopsy, the surgery, the chemotherapy and finally the radiotherapy. The data collection was made on Microsoft Excel. Results: We included 24 evaluable cases. The average age was of 29 years with range between 19 years and 70 years. The sex ratio was 1.6 for the men. The most frequent localisation was the left shin. All the patients received biopsy first. Nine case were metastatic. 50% of the case received surgery. Our average follow-up was 18 months. Conclusion: Osseous osteosarcoma of the adult is a less frequent entity. Poor prognosis in our country is due to the delay of diagnosis and of care. The expertise of the team and the establishment of a standard protocol allows to improve the rates of survival of these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective of the Study: The aim of our study was to provide epidemiological and evolutionary profile of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in children under 15 years, as well as showing the experience of our service. Patients and Methods: Retrospective study on nine children with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, treated with radiotherapy-oncology at the University Hospital Ibn Rushd Casablanca, between 2004 and 2009. Results: The average age of patients was 11 years, the sex ratio was 1.6, the average consultation time was 4.3 months. Apart from a case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, all tumors were undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma-type (UCNT). According to the classification of the American Joint Committee on Cancer had: T4 in 45% and T3 in 55%. N0 11%, 22% N1, 11% N2 and N3 in 56%. One child was diagnosed with pulmonary metastases at diagnosis. Treatment consisted of induction chemotherapy based on adriamycin and cisplatin combination followed by concomitant chemo radiotherapy 66-70 GY conventional fractionation. We had two deaths during treatment, and the evolution was marked by a complete remission in 55%, an increase in 11%, only one local recurrence and metastasis in 11%. The evaluation of late complications of radiotherapy revealed xerostomia in all patients with sequelae hearing loss and nasal synechia in a single patient. Conclusion: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in children is a very special form characterized by an aggressive character. Early diagnosis and appropriate technology can improve prognosis and reduce complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Squamous cell cancer of the anal canal is a rare tumor with loco-regional evolution often slow, its management is multidisciplinary. Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted at the Oncology Centre in Casablanca, collects 42 cases of patients treated for anal canal cancer during the period from January 2005 to December 2008. The aim of our study was to evaluate our results in terms of management of squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal. Results: The average age of our patients was 64 years with extremes ranging from 38 to 85 years. The average period of consultation was 10 months. All cases were confirmed by biopsy: it was squamous cell carcinoma in all cases. Patients were classified, with reference to the TNM classification - T1 in 2 cases, T2 in 20 cases, T3 in 10 cases and T4 in 10 cases, lymph nodes were found in 20 patients at initial examination (N2 in 12 cases and 8 cases in N3). The treatment consisted of radiotherapy alone in three patients, chemotherapy based platamine and 5-fluorouracile (for 3 to 4 cycles), followed by a combination radio-chemotherapy with weekly platamine in 22 patients, a combination radio-chemotherapy immediately in 15 patients and radiotherapy followed by brachytherapy in two patients. After a mean of 24 months, 24 patients in complete remission, 15 recurrences, 2 lost seen and 1 death. Patients who developed recurrence were treated by surgery in eight cases and second-line chemotherapy based cisplatine/5FU or capecitabine in seven cases, with stable disease in five patients and treatment failure in 10 patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Second to urothelial carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most prevalent epithelial neoplasm of the bladder, accounting for an approximate 3-5% of bladder tumors in Western countries. We systematically reviewed our experience with squamous cell carcinoma of bladder within a period of 5 years in order to study epidemiological characteristics, treatment modalities and patient outcome. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective study of seven patients with SCC of the bladder treated at our Radiotherapy and Oncology Department from 2008 to 2012. Results: In our collective, a male predominance with a ratio of 2/1 was observed. The average age at diagnosis was 58 years. The average consultation time was 1-year. The reason for consultation was hematuria in all patients, associated in most cases with irritative signs as pollakiuries. All patients underwent cystoscopy with biopsy. All pure SCCs were muscle invasive carcinoma with a staging of at least T3. Radical cystectomy was treatment of choice in tree cases. Adjuvant treatment was conducted in the tree patients administering either postoperative local irradiation or chemotherapy (methotrexate/cisplatin, gemcitabine/ cisplatine). Two patients inoperable had received a combined radio-chemotherapy exclusive with three cycles of Cisplatin and pelvic irradiation of 60 Gy. The other two patients were very thirsty and had received palliative care. The median overall survival for patients with pure SCC was 7 months. Conclusion: Our data underline the individuality and poor prognosis of squamous cell cancerous lesions of the urinary tract. The histogenesis of pure SCC of the bladder is not conclusively defined. Further studies are needed in fundamental, histopathological and molecular research while clinicians should undertake combined efforts in order to optimize the treatment of patients with rare urological tumor entities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Trastuzumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody, can improve disease-free survival after chemotherapy for cancer localized HER2 positive breast cancer. However, there is a risk of cardiotoxicity; hence the need for cardiac assessment before and during treatment with trastuzumab. Cardiotoxicity is defined as a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥10% and a reduction to <50%. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the incidence of cardiac dysfunction and characterize the natural history in the Moroccan population. Patients and Methods: Retrospective observational study of 115 patients, treated with Trastuzumab, between January 2010 and January 2011. Radiotherapy Department Oncology, University Hospital Ibn Rushd, Casablanca in Morocco. Results: The study included 115 patients with a mean age of 48 years. Mean LVEF prior trastuzumab was 65% and at the end of treatment 60%. Cardiotoxicity was recorded in 17% of patients, 53% completed treatment and permanent discontinuation of trastuzumab was decided in the remainder (8 patients) following an unresolved decreased LVEF. The analysis of risk factors showed that history of cardiovascular comorbidity in the group who experienced cardiotoxicity was statistically higher than the rest of our sample. Conclusion: Cardiotoxicity is a serious complication of treatment with trastuzumab, which requires careful patient selection and close monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Locally advanced breast cancer forms required neoadjuvant chemotherapy to facilitate breast conserving surgery. The purpose of our study was to determine the impact of both chemotherapy protocols on the prognosis. Patients and Methods: This is a descriptive and analytical retrospective study from 2008 to 2010 in "Centre Mohammed VI pour le traitement des cancers" of University Hospital of Casablanca., We included patients with locally advanced breast cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Other histological types were excluded. The capture and analysis of data was done using SPSS 20 and the calculation of survival rates was done by the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test. Results: Included were 102 cases of breast carcinoma. The average age was 46.5 years (24-84 years). The sex ratio women/men was 5.4. Infiltrative ductal carcinoma represented 95.3%, 36.3% of tumors were classified SBRIII and 98.1 % for stage IIIb. The chemotherapy regimens were administered AT50 (53.9%) and AC60 (46.1%). Analysis of surgical specimens has noted that 48% of tumors were classified Grade 1 Knight or MT Sataloff, 13.8% Grade 2 or TB and 7.8% Grade 3 or TC. Depending on the status of N Sataloff, 50% of patients were classified NA. Overall survival was 96.4% with an average of 32.36 months followed. Disease-free survival was 94%. A difference in survival in favor of AT50 protocol (97.8%) compared to the AC60 (94.7%) protocol was noted (P = 0.8). Conclusion: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was not higly used in our center. The results showed a good response of breast cancers to the chemotherapy without superiority between AT50 and AC60. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This study was to describe epidemiology, clinical profile and treatment outcome of patients who received conservative treatment in breast cancer. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective study about 319 cases of conservative treatment of breast cancer who were treated from January 2008 to December 2010 and followed until November 2013. Analysis was performed using SPSS 20 and the calculation of survival by Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Median age was 48 years. In 92.8% of cases, the sign was a palpable nodule. According the TNM 2009, cancers were classified after surgery, pT1 in 40.4% of cases, pT2 in 56, 4%, pT3 in 2.5%. In 48.1% lymph node involvement (pN+) has been reported. According to the histological type, invasive ductal carcinoma was noted in 89.3% of cases. Grades II and III of SBR were predominant (78.8%). Hormonal receptors were positive in 72.7% of cases and the HER2 positive in 26%. Lumpectomy followed by quadrantectomy were the main types of surgery with 80% and 11% respectively. About 90, 5% of patients received chemotherapy. The most commonly used protocols were AC60 and AT50 respectively 47% and 12.5%. All patients received external beam radiotherapy (46 Gy) followed by boost (15-20 Gy) to the tumor bed or brachytherapy (79.5%), electrons (11.4%) or photon (9.1%). Aesthetic results were judged by 75% of cases. Hormone therapy with tamoxifen or aromatase- inhibitors was prescribed in 57.7% of patient. Average follow-up time was 54 months in our study. The overall survival was 92.5% and the disease-free survival was 82.8%. Conclusion: Conservative treatment remains the most desired in the treatment of breast cancer treatment option. Oncologic and aesthetic results are encouraging in our series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]