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Background: Urinary schistosomiasis remains one of the most prevalent neglected tropical diseases in the world today, particularly in developing countries including Nigeria. Chronic infection can affect the genitourinary system. School pupils, particularly the informal Almajiri school pupils are at increased risk of the infection. Study Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine and compare the prevalence and intensity of urinary schistosomiasis among primary and Almajiri school pupils in Kura Local Government Area (LGA) aged 5–15 years. We also aim to determine the presence of haematuria and proteinuria among these pupils. Subjects and Methods: It was a cross-sectional comparative study involving 200 primary and 200 Almajiri school pupils aged 5–15 years in Kura LGA who met the inclusion criteria. Urine samples were analysed by the dipstick urinalysis and microscopically examined for the egg S. haematobium. Results: The Almajiri school pupils had a significantly higher infection (55.5%) than the primary school pupils (43.0%). The infection was predominantly of light intensity in both school types (67%). The overall mean egg intensity was 51.6 ± 35 EPC. The infection was higher among boys and those aged 10 years and above. Majority of the pupils had microhaematuria (88.3%) and and proteinuria (71.1%), which were statistically significantly associated with the infection with P < 0.1 and P < 0.001, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis is higher among the Almajiri school pupils compared to the primary school pupils. Control programmes should focus on these Almajiri pupils in addition to the primary school pupils.

Introduction: Chronic heart disease in children imposes a great burden in most developing countries, especially among those with congenital heart disease where early surgical intervention is difficult because of limited medical facilities. Most of our patients survive on long-time oral medications, some of which are sweetened. Therefore, there is a heightened risk of dental caries. This study sought to determine if there were more caries in children with chronic heart disease than those without heart disease.Materials and Methods: This study was cross-sectional, and oral examinations were done using mouth mirror. A convenient sampling method was adopted. Children were recruited over an 8-month period (May–December 2017). Results: This study compared 130 children with varied forms of cardiac defect with 130 children who had no chronic morbidity or any cardiac lesion. Their ages ranged from 1 to 14 years, with a mean of 5.85 +/- 3.30. The prevalence of dental caries was generally low in this report; dental caries was identified in 20.8% of all the children. Among those with cardiac defect, 30 (25.2%) had dental caries. Furthermore, caries was observed more frequently among cardiac patients on chronic medication when compared with the control, and this observation was statistically significant (X2 = 18.846, df = 1,P= 0.00). The mean decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft, 2.03 +/- 0.85) and (DMFT, 1.22 +/- 0.44) for primary and permanent dentition were higher among those with cardiac defect; those without cardiac lesion had a mean dmft of 1.31 +/- 0.48 and DMFT of 1.00 +/- 0.00. Conclusion: Dental caries was low in this study though most cases were reported among patients with cardiac disease.

Cor triatriatum (CT) otherwise known as a tri atrial heart is a rare congenital heart defect. This report describes a rare case of CT dexter in a 2-year-old girl who presented to our facility with cough and difficulty in breathing of a year duration and body swelling of 3 months duration. She was also found to be in heart failure. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a membrane separating the right atrium into two chambers, with features of pulmonary hypertension. Although the patient was scheduled for follow-up, she however, died 2 days later. Early diagnosis and prompt referral of patients with this rare defect are mandatory to prevent mortality from this defect that is amenable to simple corrective surgery.

Intracardiac tumors are rare and may be primary or of secondary metastasis; among primary tumors are atrial myxomas; these are most common in the left atrium, affect females more and it is seen more among teenagers in pediatric population. It has varied clinical presentation, and asymptomatic cases have been reported. However, the case of a 2-year-old female with the right atrial involvement who presented with overt signs severe malnutrition is reported.