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Using convexity properties of reciprocals of zeta functions, especially the reciprocal of the Riemann zeta function, we show that certain weighted Mertens sums are biased in favor of square-free integers with an odd number of prime factors. We study such type of bias for different ranges of the parameters and then consider generalizations to Mertens sums supported on semigroups of integers generated by relatively large subsets of prime numbers. We further obtain a wider range for the parameters both unconditionally and then conditionally on the Riemann Hypothesis. At the same time, we extend to certain semigroups, two classical summation formulas originating from the works of Landau concerning the behavior of derivatives of the reciprocal of the Riemann zeta function at s = 1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using integral representations with carefully chosen rational functions as integrands, we find new families of transcendental numbers that are not U-numbers, according to Mahler's classification, represented by a series whose terms involve rising factorials and reciprocals of binomial coefficients analogous to Apéry type series. Explicit descriptions of these numbers are given as linear combinations with coefficients lying in a suitable real algebraic extension of rational numbers using elementary functions evaluated at arguments belonging to the same field. In this way, concrete examples of transcendental numbers which can be expressed as combinations of classical mathematical constants such as π and Baker periods are given together with upper bounds on their wn measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Mellin transform of a summatory function involving weighted averages of Ramanujan sums is obtained in terms of Bernoulli numbers and values of the Burgess zeta function. The possible singularity of the Burgess zeta function at s = 1 is then shown to be equivalent to the evaluation of a certain infinite series involving such weighted averages. Bounds on the size of the tail of these series are given and specific bounds are shown to be equivalent to the Riemann hypothesis [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We prove that certain powers of the gap function for the newform associated to an elliptic curve without complex multiplication are "finite" on average. In particular we obtain quantitative results on the number of large values of the gap function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we investigate the ring Ar(R) of arithmetical functions in r variables over an integral domain R. We study a class of absolute values, and a class of derivations on Ar(R). We show that a certain extension of Ar(R) is a discrete valuation ring. We also investigate the metric structure of the ring Ar(R). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We provide new estimates for the gap function of the Delta function and for the number of nonzero values of the Ramanujan tau function in short intervals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]