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In this article I set out to sketch a series of critical approaches to racism in Mexico. For this purpose I take the migrant caravan, which I propose as an image that problematizes the reality of racism in our country inasmuch as it questions Mexicans' self-image as an inclusive society, respectful of diversity and not racist. The aim is not to carry out an exhaustive sociological exploration of the issue, but to reconfigure an image that is widespread in the public opinion about this matter, on the basis of a sample of journalistic sources, opinion polls and analyses of government institutions. At the end, this reflection serves to point out the political and theoretical implications of the predominant discourse of mestizaje, or racial blending, in Mexico, as well as the consequences of giving priority to culturalist analysis. In this article I resort to the dialectical approach to think about the tensions and inherent conflicts of sociocultural differences, taking as the anchor of my argument certain proposals from the negative critical theory of the School of Frankfurt, as well as some ideas from critical sociology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]