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The high rate of smoking in psychiatric patients is a common condition. In patients with bipolar disorder high rates of smoking have been frequently reported. High rates of smoking habit are believed to be associated with many factors in patients with bipolar affective disorder. In this case report, an inpatient male patient who started smoking a few days before existence of manic episode, and decreasing of the numbers of smoked cigarettes day by day with the alleviation of manic symptoms, and quitted to smoke with disappearance of manic symptoms, and some suggested treatment strategies will be discussed over the relationship between the use of nicotine and bipolar disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Collecting data by scanning symptoms comprehensively, especially those that were frequent and should be noted but had not been enough emphasized before with regard to Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS). Methods: The study includes 127 individual who were randomly selected from among those admitted to Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital Youth Unit in Ankara. First, a demographic data form was given to participants. Then, they were asked to complete a premenstrual assessment form (PAF) and symptom checklist (SCL-90-R). Having an average score above 2 points is an indicator of PMS in PAF. SCL-90-R general average score increase means to have probable general psychopathology, increase in any subscales of SCL-90-R means to have probable psychopathology on that field. Results: In this study, premenstrual syndrome (PMS) frequency was found to be 16%. Twenty-one participants received more than 2 points as an average on the PAF. Relationships were found between PMS scores and all items of the SCL-90-R, including general symptom averages, except for the additional scale. Conclusion: In this study, by using the SCL-90-R, we found that in cases of PMS not only depression, anxiety, and anger but also other mental symptoms occur. We think that these findings will help us to understand the psychological status of women with PMS symptoms and give us ideas regarding fields that have not been studied before. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Self-esteem, is the approval of the self-concept by evaluating himself that defines person to be self-satisfied, likeable, lovable, self confident without seeing one's self inferior or superior. Higher self-esteem is associated with positive body image, lower self-esteem is associated with negative body image. Depression is a clinical syndrome that might deteriorate self esteem. In this research we aimed to determine the effects of depresssion and anxiety symptoms on self-esteem and social appearance anxiety. Methods: One hundred and seventy six randomly selected participants between the ages of 12-24 those admitted to Ankara Zekai Tahir Burak Women Health Education and Research Hospital Youth Center and accepted to participate the research were taken to the study. Participants were asked to fullfill sociodemographic data form, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Results: Regarding to the relationship between RSES, SAAS, BDI and BAI, strongly positive correlation was found. Level of income and parents education is negatively correlated with all inventory scores. According to the lineary regression analyses BDI scores positively predicted RSES and SAAS scores, level of income negatively predicted SAAS scores and losing the effects of significancy of other correlations were shown. Also SAAS and RSES scores were positively correlated with each other. Conclusion: This research shows that depression severity has a worsening effect on social appearance anxiety and self-esteem. Economic difficulties increase social appearance anxiety. Also social appearance anxiety and self-esteem are related with each other. We think especially in countries majority with young generations such as Turkey, according to researches on relationship between these clinical entities goverments might develop individual, family, and psychosocial rehabilatiton based social programs, those positively affect the mental health of young people and help them in their future lives to become happier and healthier individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbamazepine is an anticonvulsant and is extensively used in patients with bipolar disorder as a mood stabilizer. Although carbamazepine affects dopamine, norepinephrine, and glutamic acid levels in neurons, it mainly shows its effect on sodium and potassium channels. Carbamazepine enhances dopamine release and turnover and leads to differential alterations of monoamine levels in discrete brain regions. The mechanism of the emergence of prolonged erection and priapism is related to α1 adrenergic blockage in corpus cavernosum, however the knowledge about the effects of carbamazepine on adrenergic receptors is very limited. Therefore, further studies are necessary to identify the risk for prolonged erection in patients treated with carbamazepine and to investigate the relationship between prolonged erection and carbamazepine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]