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Królik, Roman, Kruszelnicki, Lech, Lasoń, Andrzej, Walczak, Marcin (2021): Erratum: ROMAN KRÓLIK, LECH KRUSZELNICKI, ANDRZEJ LASOŃ & MARCIN WALCZAK (2021) Notes on the subspecies of Plagionotus arcuatus (Linnaeus, 1758) with description of a new subspecies from Iran (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Zootaxa, 4942: 558-568. Zootaxa 4963 (3): 600-600, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4963.3.12

Key to subspecies of Plagionotus arcuatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Because of the rather small number of voucher specimens available to us, we have constructed our key mainly based on the original descriptions, stating the dominant characters in each subspecies. There are specimens, however, which deviate in appearance from most members of their subspecies. For example: P. a. lugubris with red legs and antennae, and yellowish spots and stripes or else with uninterrupted elytral stripes; P. a. kirgizicus with exceptionally prominent median stripes on the pronotum and head (see Lazarev 2010); P. a. arcuatus with very dense pubescence on the sternites (Figs. 1.A���B). In our opinion, such deviant specimens confirm the close relationship between the various subspecies, and their sporadic occurrence in no way undermine the validity of dividing P. arcuatus into subspecies. These comments should be borne in mind when using the key given below. 1. Pronotum with well developed pale stripes on the anterior margin and in its middle part, head with distinct stripe of yellow pubescence behind the eyes (Fig. 3C).................................................................... 2. - Pronotum and head usually without or with only very slightly developed pale stripes (Fig. 3D)....................... 4. 2. Yellow stripes and spots on whole body well developed: first transverse elytral stripe (antemedian) large, ���zigzag-like���, distance between first and second transverse stripe much smaller than width of first or second stripe (Fig. 2G); abdominal sternites almost covered by yellow, dense pubescence (Fig. 2C���D). Distribution range��� Iran (Fig. 5)............................................................ P. arcuatus shirazensis Kr��lik, Kruszelnicki, Lasoń & Walczak, new subspecies - Yellow stripes and spots on body less developed: first transverse elytral stripe expanded horizontally, in presutural area not prolonged to spots behind scutellum, distance between first and second transverse stripe much greater than width of first or second stripe (Fig. 2H); yellow pubescence covering, at most, half of abdominal sternites........................... 3. 3. Antemedian transverse stripes on elytra extended horizontally, sometimes split into two spots, stripes behind middle of elytra regularly arching forwards (Figs. 1.A���B). Distribution range���Europe, North Africa & Asia Minor......................................................................................... P. arcuatus arcuatus (Linnaeus, 1758) - Antemedian transverse stripes on elytra always divided into a strongly inclined outer stripe, well separated from the inner spot, stripes behind middle of elytra strongly arched forwards (Figs. 1.C���D). Distribution range��� Crete (Greece).......................................................................... P. arcuatus ghidottii Pesarini & Sabbadini, 2011 4. Transverse stripes of elytra usually well developed, complete (Figs. 1.I���J); antemedian stripes sometimes split into two spots. Distribution range��� Kyrgyzstan............................................. P. arcuatus kirgizicus Lazarev, 2010 - Transverse stripes of elytra not so obvious, mostly reduced to small spots. Distribution range���Transcaucasia............ 5 5. Legs and antennae completely black, body pubescence usually white (Figs. 1.G���H). Distribution range��� Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran and Turkmenistan.................................................. P. arcuatus lugubris (M��n��tri��s, 1832) - Legs and antennae partly red; body pubescence yellow (Figs. 1.K���L). Distribution range��� Armenia, Azerbaijan and NE Turkey................................................................. P. arcuatus multiinterruptus Pic, 1933., Published as part of Kr��lik, Roman, Kruszelnicki, Lech, Laso��, Andrzej & Walczak, Marcin, 2021, Notes on the subspecies of Plagionotus arcuatus (Linnaeus, 1758) with description of a new subspecies from Iran (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), pp. 558-568 in Zootaxa 4942 (4) on page 566, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4942.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/4612718, {"references":["Lazarev, M. A. (2010) New subspecies of Plagionotus arcuatus (Linnaeus, 1758) from Transcaucasia and Kyrgyzstan (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Taxonomical Series, 6 (1 - 2), 149 - 164.","Pesarini, C. & Sabbadini, A. (2011) Note su Cerambycidae di Grecia e Turchia, con descrizione di tre nuove specie e una nuova sottospecie (Coleoptera). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Ferrara, 13 (2010), 41 - 59."]}

Plagionotus arcuatus arcuatus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Figs. 1.A���B) Callidium lunatus Fabricius, 1782 Clytus salicis Schrank, 1798 Plagyonotus reichei J. Thomson, 1861 Clytus apicalis Hampe, 1863 Plagionotus stauropolibus Pic, 1915 Plagionotus martialis Pic, 1918 Plagionotus buyssoni Dauphin, 1924 Plagionotus pagnioni Pic, 1925 Plagionotus milliati Pic, 1934 Plagionotus interrupteconnatus G. Schmidt, 1951 Plagionotus plavilstshikovi G. Schmidt, 1951 Plagionotus arcuatus tastani ��zdikmen, Atak & U��kan, 2017 syn. nov. The recently described P. arcuatus tastani (��zdikmen, Atak & U��kan 2017) does not, in our opinion, warrant subspecific status. According with the authors in the original description: ���It is characterized by poor developed transverse stripes behind the middle of elytra especially. Antemedian band of elytra usually (9 males and 11 females of 30 specimens) is more or less complete but sometimes (3 males and 7 females of 30 specimens) is divided into an outer and an inner spots.��� These characters not infrequently occur in specimens from different parts of Europe (Figs. 1.A). As can be seen from this description these characters are not constant even among the specimens from the typical series. The phrase ���erect abdominal setae are not very dense��� is rather imprecise and could refer to many specimens of any subspecies of P. arcuatus. The type locality of P. a. tastani ��zdikmen, Atak & U��kan 2017 (Kocaeli province in Turkey) lies not very far from the contiguous distribution range of P. a. arcuatus, and it is hard to imagine that the Bosphorus strait constitutes a real barrier to the various subspecies, especially as specimens of this synonymized taxon differ in no way from those caught in the Turkish Strandzha region, close to the frontier with Bulgaria (Fig. 5). ��zdikmen & Turgut (2009), writing about P. arcuatus state that ���It distributes mostly in North and West Turkey ���; in our opinion, this information applies to the nominative subspecies., Published as part of Kr��lik, Roman, Kruszelnicki, Lech, Laso��, Andrzej & Walczak, Marcin, 2021, Notes on the subspecies of Plagionotus arcuatus (Linnaeus, 1758) with description of a new subspecies from Iran (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), pp. 558-568 in Zootaxa 4942 (4) on page 560, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4942.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/4612718, {"references":["Ozdikmen, H., Atak, S. & Uckan, F. (2017) A new subspecies of Plagionotus arcuatus (Linnaeus, 1758) from Turkey (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae). Munis Entomology & Zoology, 12 (1), 89 - 93.","Ozdikmen, H. & Turgut, S. (2009) A short review on the genus Plagionotus Mulsant, 1842 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cer- ambycinae). Munis Entomology & Zoology, 4 (2), 457 - 469."]}

Plagionotus arcuatus shirazensis ssp. nov. Description. The external morphology of the new subspecies most resembles the nominative form Plagionotus arcuatus arcuatus (Figs. 1.A���B). Body length 11.5���16.0 mm (holotype 15.5 mm), width 3.0���5.2 mm (holotype 5.0 mm). Integument black except antennae and part of the legs, covered by recumbent black pubescence with spots and stripes formed from dense yellow pubescence. Head densely and deeply punctate with yellow pubescence on frons, and in vertex, partly around the eyes and with wide yellow band just behind the eyes. Antennae yellow, relatively long, reaching third (preapical) stripe in males, and second (postmedian) stripe in females. Pronotum transverse; 1.2 (males) and 1.4 (females) times as wide as long; sides rounded, widest just below midpoint. Pronotum deeply punctate, slightly pale, protruding hairs on sides and base. Pronotum with large stripe on anterior margin, sometimes reduced and interrupted centrally, and two oblique patches laterally, situated in slight depressions. No spots at base of pronotum, but a few white hairs sometimes visible on the sides of its base. Scutellum triangular, covered with yellow pubescence. Elytra long, almost parallel-sided up to 2/3 of their length; anteriorly with small humeral spots; first transverse elytral stripe (antemedian) large, ���zigzag-shape���, on central part of each elytron arched forwards, on presutural part extended posteriorly and then directed forward, towards the scutellum, sometimes with a short break in the part of this stripe along the suture. Second transverse stripe (postmedian) relatively wide, strongly arched forward in the middle of each elytron. Distance between first and second transverse stripes smaller than width of area occupied by the first or second stripe (Fig. 2G). Third transverse stripe (preapical) widest in sutural part, gradually tapering to the middle of elytron and bending backwards. Apical stripe covers the end of each elytron in a wide arc, extending farther forwards along the suture. Elytral punctation very dense and relatively thin, evenly distributed across the whole elytral surface. Legs yellow, only the mid parts of pro- and mesofemora black. Ventral part black with bands and spots of dense yellow pubescence: four spots on sides of prosternum, two on anterior margin, two beyond procoxae; elongated patches on elytral epipleurum reaching centre of metaepisternum; two spots on mesoventrite beyond mesocoxae and one on mesoventral process; whole metaventrite covered by yellow, dense pubescence except for middle and anterior parts (behind mesocoxae), anterior region of metaepisternum hairless, a large spot in its posterior region; all abdominal sternites covered with dense yellow pubescence, only very small hairless spaces at base of first sternite and between other sternites. Male genitalia. Tegmen (Fig. 3A) and aedeagus (Fig. 3B). Differential diagnosis. The new subspecies is similar to the nominative form, Plagionotus arcuatus arcuatus (Figs. 1.A���B). It differs from the latter by the more distinctly parallel-sided elytra, and from all known subspecies, including the nominative one, by the more convoluted pattern on the elytra. This is best seen in the shape of the antemedian stripe, which is usually continuous transversally, very often unbroken along the suture, and curves strongly backwards near the suture, closely approaching the second, postmedian stripe (Fig. 2G). The pubescence of the ventral side of the body is dense (Figs. 2C���D), particularly on the abdominal sternites, which are almost completely covered by yellow pubescence, in contrast to the other subspecies, where the pubescence covers, at most, the posterior half of each sternite. It is worth noting that in the additional material analysed there was one specimen of P. a. arcuatus from Turkey, Tunceli Prov., in which the appearance of the ventral pubescence is similar to that in P. a. shirazensis (Figs. 2C���D). However, the arrangement of the stripes on the elytra is typical for the P. a. arcuatus (Fig. 2F). In our opinion, the transverse elytral stipes is the main feature to distinguish the subspecies of P. a. sirazensis. More pronounced ventral pubescence is a constant characteristic of this subspecies, however, it cannot be the only determinant trait to identified it. Etymology. The species is named after Shiraz, the city in southern Iran at the foot of the Zagros Mountains, the administrative centre of Fars Province and the former capital of Persia. Larval host plants, habitat. Very probably Quercus macranthera Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Hohen. All the specimens were caught on dead or moribund oak trunks. Most likely it is found in sunny, rarely covered oak forests, and even in small clumps of oaks (Figs. 4A���B). Additional material examined: Plagionotus arcuatus arcuatus. Bulgaria: Vidin Prov., Rabisha ad Dimovo, 10.VII.2001, 1 ex., J. Ługowoj leg. (JŁ). Croatia: Krk Isl., Njivice, 10.VI.2001, 1 ex., M. Walczak leg. (MW). Czech Republic: Central Bohemian Reg., Velk�� Osek, 17.V.1995, 1 ex., L. Fiala leg. (BB); Pardubice Reg., Uhersko, 2008, ex. larva, 1 ex., L. & R. Fiala leg. (BB). Georgia: Samtskhe���Javakheti Reg., Borjomi, V.2014, 1 ex., M. Walczak leg. (MW). Greece: Central Macedonia, 10 km N of Nea Santha, 25.V.2013, 2 exx., B. Bujnik leg. (BB); Epirus and Western Macedonia, 5 km S of Grevena, 09.VI.2012, 1 ex., L. Kruszelnicki leg. (LK); Io��nina, 3 km N of M��tsovo (39��47���N, 21��10���E, 1390 m amsl), 12���13.VI.2007, 1 ex., A. Lasoń leg. (AL); 1 ex., J. Ługowoj leg. (JŁ); 1 ex. R. Kr��lik leg. (RK); Thessaly, Karitsa, 09.VI.2012, 1 ex., L. Kruszelnicki leg. (LK); Meteora env., 14���15.VI.2007, 1 ex. (Fig. 1B), R. Kr��lik leg. (RK); Meteora-Vlachava, 28.V���11.VI.2011, 1 ex., L. & R. Fiala leg. (BB); Peloponnese, Ag. Pertos, 26.V.2009, 1 ex., M. Walczak leg. (MW). Italy: Sicily, Madonie ad Piano Zucchi, 08.VI.2011, 3 exx., L. Kruszelnicki leg. (LK); 5 exx., M. Walczak leg. (MW). Poland: Białowieża Primeval Forest, Hajn��wka, 25.VI.1994, 1 ex., A. Lasoń leg. (AL); Białowieża Primeval Forest, Lipiny Res., 25.VI.1994, 1 ex., A. Lasoń leg. (AL); Lower Silesia, Bystrzyca ad Oława, 4.V.2020, 1 ex. (Fig. 1A), R. Kr��lik leg. (RK); Dobrzyń ad Brzeg, 22.VI.2013, 1 ex., R. Kr��lik leg. (RK); Rogalice ad Brzeg, 04.VI.2000, 2 exx., M. Walczak leg. (MW); Śmiechowice ad Brzeg, 22.IV.2012, 1 ex., R. Kr��lik leg. RK; Wojn��w ad Wrocław, 18���19.V.2002, 2 exx., M. Walczak leg. (MW); Podlasie Lowland, Jeńki, 7.VI.2013, 1 ex., P. Lasoń leg. (AL); Knyszyńska Forest, Krasny Las env., 8.V.2020, 3 exx., A. Lasoń leg. (AL); Upper Silesia, Katowice-Murcki, 28.VI.1995, 1 ex., M. Walczak leg. (MW); 04.VI.1995, 1 ex., M. Walczak leg. (MW); 15.VI.1995, 1 ex., M. Walczak leg. (MW); 11.VI.1998, 2 exx., M. Walczak leg. (MW); Ruda Śląska���Halemba, 07.VI.1995, 2 exx. (Fig. 2H), L. Kruszelnicki leg. (LK); Wola ad Pszczyna, 16.VI.2016, 1 ex., R. Kr��lik leg. (RK); Wielkopolska-Kujawy Lowland, Buchał��w ad Zielona G��ra, 26.V.2003, 1 ex., M. Walczak leg. (MW); Czeszewo, 17.V.2020, 1 ex., R. Kr��lik leg. (RK). Slovakia: Ružomberok Distr., Smrekovica, 1���2.VIII.2009, 2 exx., L. & R. Fiala leg. (BB). Spain: C��diz Prov, Los Barrios, 24.V.1986, 1 ex., J. L. Torres-Mendez leg. (RK). Turkey: Kastamonu Prov., K��re Dağları, W of Karaca��ren (41��28���N, 33��01���E, 1035m amsl), 14.VI.2008, 1 ex., A. Lasoń leg. (AL); Kırklareli Prov., Demirkoy env. (41��49���N, 27��45���E), 5.VI.2001, 1 ex., J. Ługowoj leg. (JŁ); 16 km NE of Yenice (41��44���N, 27��38���E), 4���5.VI.2000, 1 ex., J. Ługowoj leg. (JŁ); 1 ex., R. Kr��lik leg. (RK); Yenice pass (41��45���N, 27��40���E), 29.V.2002, 1 ex., R. Kr��lik leg. (RK); Tunceli Prov., by road from P��l��mur to Tunceli (39��29���N���39��07���N, 39��54���E ��� 39��32���E), 17���19.VI.2002, 1 ex. (Fig. 2F), R. Kr��lik leg. (RK). Plagionotus arcuatus ghidottii. Greece: Crete, Alikampos, 15���30.V.2015, 2 exx., L. & R. Fiala leg. (BB); 2015, ex. larva, 2 exx., L. & R. Fiala leg. (BB); Alikampos-Chania, 16���30.V.2016, 1 ex. (Fig. 1D), P. Hubeny leg. (LK); Omalos, 16.V.2009, 1 ex., M. Egger leg. (BB). Plagionotus arcuatus kirgizicus. Kyrgyzstan: Arslanbob env., Jalal-Abad Prov., (41��21���N, 72��57���E), 21��� 22. V.2016, 3 exx. (Figs. 1I, 1J), A. Shapovalov leg. (LK, MW). Plagionotus arcuatus multiinterruptus. Armenia: Gegharkunik Prov., Semyonovka, 14. VI.2013, 3 exx. (Figs. 1K, 1L), L. Kruszelnicki leg. (LK); 1 ex., M. Walczak leg. (MW); Vayots Dzor Prov., Vayk env., 08. VI.2015, 1 ex., F. Pavel leg. (LK). Azerbaijan: Q��b��l�� rayonu, Q��m��rvan (41��03���N, 47��47���E, 1020 m amsl), 4���9. VI.2010, 1 ex., R. Kr��lik leg. (RK); same data, 2 exx., A. Lasoń leg. (AL). Plagionotus arcuatus lugubris. Azerbaijan: Talysh Mts., Lerik rayonu, Peşt��t��k env. (38��46���N, 48��34���E, 375 m amsl), 2���3. VI.2010, 3 exx., R. Kr��lik leg. (RK); 4 exx., A. Lasoń leg. (AL); 5���12.VI.2014, 10 exx., R. Kr��lik leg. (RK); Yardımlı rayonu, ��zy��başı Mt., env. of top (38��52���N, 48��06���E, 1890���1930 m amsl), 10���14. VI.2012, 3 exx., R. Kr��lik leg. (RK); 26.V.2013, 5 exx., R. Kr��lik leg. (RK); 2���4.VI.2013, 6 exx. (Fig. 1G), R. Kr��lik leg. (RK); 15.V.2014, 1 ex., R. Kr��lik leg. (RK); 17 km NE of Yardımlı (38��56���N, 48��26���E, 368���450 m amsl), 24���27. V.2013, 2 exx. (Fig. 1E), R. Kr��lik leg. (RK); 1 ex., A. Lasoń leg. (AL). Iran: Mazandaran Prov., 28 km E of Marzanabad (36��26���N, 51��32���E, 1110 m amsl), 20��� 21.05.2017, 1 ex., A Lasoń leg. (AL); 4 exx. (Figs. 1F, 1H), L. Kruszelnicki leg. (LK); 1 ex., R. Kr��lik leg. (RK); 2 exx., M. Walczak leg. (MW)., Published as part of Kr��lik, Roman, Kruszelnicki, Lech, Laso��, Andrzej & Walczak, Marcin, 2021, Notes on the subspecies of Plagionotus arcuatus (Linnaeus, 1758) with description of a new subspecies from Iran (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), pp. 558-568 in Zootaxa 4942 (4) on pages 560-564, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4942.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/4612718

Plagionotus arcuatus shirazensis ssp. nov. Description. The external morphology of the new subspecies most resembles the nominative form Plagionotus arcuatus arcuatus (Figs. 1.A–B). Body length 11.5–16.0 mm (holotype 15.5 mm), width 3.0–5.2 mm (holotype 5.0 mm). Integument black except antennae and part of the legs, covered by recumbent black pubescence with spots and stripes formed from dense yellow pubescence. Head densely and deeply punctate with yellow pubescence on frons, and in vertex, partly around the eyes and with wide yellow band just behind the eyes. Antennae yellow, relatively long, reaching third (preapical) stripe in males, and second (postmedian) stripe in females. Pronotum transverse; 1.2 (males) and 1.4 (females) times as wide as long; sides rounded, widest just below midpoint. Pronotum deeply punctate, slightly pale, protruding hairs on sides and base. Pronotum with large stripe on anterior margin, sometimes reduced and interrupted centrally, and two oblique patches laterally, situated in slight depressions. No spots at base of pronotum, but a few white hairs sometimes visible on the sides of its base. Scutellum triangular, covered with yellow pubescence. Elytra long, almost parallel-sided up to 2/3 of their length; anteriorly with small humeral spots; first transverse elytral stripe (antemedian) large, “zigzag-shape”, on central part of each elytron arched forwards, on presutural part extended posteriorly and then directed forward, towards the scutellum, sometimes with a short break in the part of this stripe along the suture. Second transverse stripe (postmedian) relatively wide, strongly arched forward in the middle of each elytron. Distance between first and second transverse stripes smaller than width of area occupied by the first or second stripe (Fig. 2G). Third transverse stripe (preapical) widest in sutural part, gradually tapering to the middle of elytron and bending backwards. Apical stripe covers the end of each elytron in a wide arc, extending farther forwards along the suture. Elytral punctation very dense and relatively thin, evenly distributed across the whole elytral surface. Legs yellow, only the mid parts of pro- and mesofemora black. Ventral part black with bands and spots of dense yellow pubescence: four spots on sides of prosternum, two on anterior margin, two beyond procoxae; elongated patches on elytral epipleurum reaching centre of metaepisternum; two spots on mesoventrite beyond mesocoxae and one on mesoventral process; whole metaventrite covered by yellow, dense pubescence except for middle and anterior parts (behind mesocoxae), anterior region of metaepisternum hairless, a large spot in its posterior region; all abdominal sternites covered with dense yellow pubescence, only very small hairless spaces at base of first sternite and between other sternites. Male genitalia. Tegmen (Fig. 3A) and aedeagus (Fig. 3B). Differential diagnosis. The new subspecies is similar to the nominative form, Plagionotus arcuatus arcuatus (Figs. 1.A–B). It differs from the latter by the more distinctly parallel-sided elytra, and from all known subspecies, including the nominative one, by the more convoluted pattern on the elytra. This is best seen in the shape of the antemedian stripe, which is usually continuous transversally, very often unbroken along the suture, and curves strongly backwards near the suture, closely approaching the second, postmedian stripe (Fig. 2G). The pubescence of the ventral side of the body is dense (Figs. 2C–D), particularly on the abdominal sternites, which are almost completely covered by yellow pubescence, in contrast to the other subspecies, where the pubescence covers, at most, the posterior half of each sternite. It is worth noting that in the additional material analysed there was one specimen of P. a. arcuatus from Turkey, Tunceli Prov., in which the appearance of the ventral pubescence is similar to that in P. a. shirazensis (Figs. 2C–D). However, the arrangement of the stripes on the elytra is typical for the P. a. arcuatus (Fig. 2F). In our opinion, the transverse elytral stipes is the main feature to distinguish the subspecies of P. a. sirazensis. More pronounced ventral pubescence is a constant characteristic of this subspecies, however, it cannot be the only determinant trait to identified it. Etymology. The species is named after Shiraz, the city in southern Iran at the foot of the Zagros Mountains, the administrative centre of Fars Province and the former capital of Persia. Larval host plants, habitat. Very probably Quercus macranthera Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Hohen. All the specimens were caught on dead or moribund oak trunks. Most likely it is found in sunny, rarely covered oak forests, and even in small clumps of oaks (Figs. 4A–B). Additional material examined: Plagionotus arcuatus arcuatus. Bulgaria: Vidin Prov., Rabisha ad Dimovo, 10.VII.2001, 1 ex., J. Ługowoj leg. (JŁ). Croatia: Krk Isl., Njivice, 10.VI.2001, 1 ex., M. Walczak leg. (MW). Czech Republic: Central Bohemian Reg., Velký Osek, 17.V.1995, 1 ex., L. Fiala leg. (BB); Pardubice Reg., Uhersko, 2008, ex. larva, 1 ex., L. & R. Fiala leg. (BB). Georgia: Samtskhe–Javakheti Reg., Borjomi, V.2014, 1 ex., M. Walczak leg. (MW). Greece: Central Macedonia, 10 km N of Nea Santha, 25.V.2013, 2 exx., B. Bujnik leg. (BB); Epirus and Western Macedonia, 5 km S of Grevena, 09.VI.2012, 1 ex., L. Kruszelnicki leg. (LK); Ioánina, 3 km N of Métsovo (39º47’N, 21º10’E, 1390 m amsl), 12–13.VI.2007, 1 ex., A. Lasoń leg. (AL); 1 ex., J. Ługowoj leg. (JŁ); 1 ex. R. Królik leg. (RK); Thessaly, Karitsa, 09.VI.2012, 1 ex., L. Kruszelnicki leg. (LK); Meteora env., 14–15.VI.2007, 1 ex. (Fig. 1B), R. Królik leg. (RK); Meteora-Vlachava, 28.V–11.VI.2011, 1 ex., L. & R. Fiala leg. (BB); Peloponnese, Ag. Pertos, 26.V.2009, 1 ex., M. Walczak leg. (MW). Italy: Sicily, Madonie ad Piano Zucchi, 08.VI.2011, 3 exx., L. Kruszelnicki leg. (LK); 5 exx., M. Walczak leg. (MW). Poland: Białowieża Primeval Forest, Hajnówka, 25.VI.1994, 1 ex., A. Lasoń leg. (AL); Białowieża Primeval Forest, Lipiny Res., 25.VI.1994, 1 ex., A. Lasoń leg. (AL); Lower Silesia, Bystrzyca ad Oława, 4.V.2020, 1 ex. (Fig. 1A), R. Królik leg. (RK); Dobrzyń ad Brzeg, 22.VI.2013, 1 ex., R. Królik leg. (RK); Rogalice ad Brzeg, 04.VI.2000, 2 exx., M. Walczak leg. (MW); Śmiechowice ad Brzeg, 22.IV.2012, 1 ex., R. Królik leg. RK; Wojnów ad Wrocław, 18–19.V.2002, 2 exx., M. Walczak leg. (MW); Podlasie Lowland, Jeńki, 7.VI.2013, 1 ex., P. Lasoń leg. (AL); Knyszyńska Forest, Krasny Las env., 8.V.2020, 3 exx., A. Lasoń leg. (AL); Upper Silesia, Katowice-Murcki, 28.VI.1995, 1 ex., M. Walczak leg. (MW); 04.VI.1995, 1 ex., M. Walczak leg. (MW); 15.VI.1995, 1 ex., M. Walczak leg. (MW); 11.VI.1998, 2 exx., M. Walczak leg. (MW); Ruda Śląska–Halemba, 07.VI.1995, 2 exx. (Fig. 2H), L. Kruszelnicki leg. (LK); Wola ad Pszczyna, 16.VI.2016, 1 ex., R. Królik leg. (RK); Wielkopolska-Kujawy Lowland, Buchałów ad Zielona Góra, 26.V.2003, 1 ex., M. Walczak leg. (MW); Czeszewo, 17.V.2020, 1 ex., R. Królik leg. (RK). Slovakia: Ružomberok Distr., Smrekovica, 1–2.VIII.2009, 2 exx., L. & R. Fiala leg. (BB). Spain: Cádiz Prov, Los Barrios, 24.V.1986, 1 ex., J. L. Torres-Mendez leg. (RK). Turkey: Kastamonu Prov., Küre Dağları, W of Karacaören (41º28’N, 33º01’E, 1035m amsl), 14.VI.2008, 1 ex., A. Lasoń leg. (AL); Kırklareli Prov., Demirkoy env. (41º49’N, 27º45’E), 5.VI.2001, 1 ex., J. Ługowoj leg. (JŁ); 16 km NE of Yenice (41º44’N, 27º38’E), 4–5.VI.2000, 1 ex., J. Ługowoj leg. (JŁ); 1 ex., R. Królik leg. (RK); Yenice pass (41º45’N, 27º40’E), 29.V.2002, 1 ex., R. Królik leg. (RK); Tunceli Prov., by road from P̹l̹mur to Tunceli (39º29’N–39º07’N, 39º54’E – 39º32’E), 17–19.VI.2002, 1 ex. (Fig. 2F), R. Królik leg. (RK). Plagionotus arcuatus ghidottii. Greece: Crete, Alikampos, 15–30.V.2015, 2 exx., L. & R. Fiala leg. (BB); 2015, ex. larva, 2 exx., L. & R. Fiala leg. (BB); Alikampos-Chania, 16–30.V.2016, 1 ex. (Fig. 1D), P. Hubeny leg. (LK); Omalos, 16.V.2009, 1 ex., M. Egger leg. (BB). Plagionotus arcuatus kirgizicus. Kyrgyzstan: Arslanbob env., Jalal-Abad Prov., (41º21’N, 72º57’E), 21– 22. V.2016, 3 exx. (Figs. 1I, 1J), A. Shapovalov leg. (LK, MW). Plagionotus arcuatus multiinterruptus. Armenia: Gegharkunik Prov., Semyonovka, 14. VI.2013, 3 exx. (Figs. 1K, 1L), L. Kruszelnicki leg. (LK); 1 ex., M. Walczak leg. (MW); Vayots Dzor Prov., Vayk env., 08. VI.2015, 1 ex., F. Pavel leg. (LK). Azerbaijan: Qəbələ rayonu, Qəmərvan (41º03’N, 47º47’E, 1020 m amsl), 4–9. VI.2010, 1 ex., R. Królik leg. (RK); same data, 2 exx., A. Lasoń leg. (AL). Plagionotus arcuatus lugubris. Azerbaijan: Talysh Mts., Lerik rayonu, Peştətük env. (38º46’N, 48º34’E, 375 m amsl), 2–3. VI.2010, 3 exx., R. Królik leg. (RK); 4 exx., A. Lasoń leg. (AL); 5–12.VI.2014, 10 exx., R. Królik leg. (RK); Yardımlı rayonu, Üzyübaşı Mt., env. of top (38º52’N, 48º06’E, 1890–1930 m amsl), 10–14. VI.2012, 3 exx., R. Królik leg. (RK); 26.V.2013, 5 exx., R. Królik leg. (RK); 2–4.VI.2013, 6 exx. (Fig. 1G), R. Królik leg. (RK); 15.V.2014, 1 ex., R. Królik leg. (RK); 17 km NE of Yardımlı (38º56’N, 48º26’E, 368–450 m amsl), 24–27. V.2013, 2 exx. (Fig. 1E), R. Królik leg. (RK); 1 ex., A. Lasoń leg. (AL). Iran: Mazandaran Prov., 28 km E of Marzanabad (36º26’N, 51º32’E, 1110 m amsl), 20– 21.05.2017, 1 ex., A Lasoń leg. (AL); 4 exx. (Figs. 1F, 1H), L. Kruszelnicki leg. (LK); 1 ex., R. Królik leg. (RK); 2 exx., M. Walczak leg. (MW).

Materials to the knowledge of planthoppers and leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha, Cicadomorpha) of the Eastern Beskids Mountains. The results on studies of the fauna of Fulgoromorpha & Cicadomorpha are presented. The study was carried out between 2015–2017 in the south-western part of the Eastern Beskids Mts. A list of 55 species is presented (17 are new to the zoogeographical region). Among the identified specimens such rare species as Eurybregma nigrolineata, Mirabella albifrons, Edwardsiana alnicola and Zyginidia pullula were collected., {"references":["Biedermann R., Niedringhause R. 2004. Die Zikaden Deutschlands. Bestimmungstafeln für alle Arten. Wissenschaftlich Akademischer Buchvertrieb-Fründ, 409 pp.","Burakowski B., Mroczkowski M., Stefańska J. 1973. Chrząszcze Coleoptera. Biegaczowate – Carabidae, część 1. Katalog Fauny Polski 23(2): 1–232.","Dworakowska I. 1976. Kybos Fieb., subgenus of Empoasca Walsh (Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae) in Palaearctic. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 21(13): 387–463.","Gaj D., Drożdż-Gaj D. 2005. Nowe dane o rozmieszczeniu Eurybregma nigrolineata Scott, 1875 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha, Delphacidae) na terenie Polski. Acta entomologica silesiana 12–13: 29–32.","Gębicki C., Świerczewski D., Szwedo J. 2013. Planthoppers and leafhoppers of Poland (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha et Cicadomorpha). Systematics. Check-list. Bionomy. Annals of the Upper Silesian Museum in Bytom, Entomology 21–22: 5–259.","Kondracki J. 2013. Geografia regionalna Polski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN. Warszawa: 440 pp.","Logvinenko V. N. 1975. Fulgoroidny cikadovy Fulgoroidea. Fauna Ukrainy 20(2): 1–287.","Musik K., Taszakowski A. 2013. New data on some rare planthoppers and leafhoppers in Poland (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha). Acta Musei Moraviae 98(2): 265–271.","Musik K., Walczak M., Kalandyk-Kołodziejczyk M., Wojciechowski W. 2017. Planthoppers and leafhoppers communities (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha et Cicadomorpha) of selected plant associations of Garb Tarnogórski. Monographs of the Upper Silesian Museum, Entomology 7: 1–246.","Ossiannilsson F. 1978. The Auchenorrhyncha (Homoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 7(1): 1–222.","Ossiannilsson F. 1981. The Auchenorrhyncha (Homoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 7(2): 223–593.","Ossiannilsson F. 1983. The Auchenorrhyncha (Homoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 7(3): 594–979.","Pilarczyk S., Szwedo J. Piewiki (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha et Cicadomorpha) gór Polski. Acta entomologica silesiana 12–13 (2004–2005): 55–77.","Świerczewski D., Błaszczyk J. 2011. Fauna piewików [Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha et Cicadomorpha] wilgotnych lasów, łąk i torfowisk w południowej części Wyżyny Woźnicko-Wieluńskiej. Ziemia Częstochowska 37: 227–256.","Świerczewski D., Stroiński A. 2011. Planthoppers and leafhoppers of the Przedborski Landscape Park (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha et Cicadomorpha). Polish Journal of Entomology 80(2): 277–290.","wierczewski D., Walczak M. 2011. New records of leafhoppers for Poland (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha). Polish Journal of Entomology 80: 291–298.","Świerczewski D., Wojciechowski W. 2009. Leafhopper communities of the sandy and limestone grasslands of the Częstochowa Upland (southern Poland). The Monograph. Annals of the Upper Silesian Museum in Bytom, Natural History 20: 1–152.","Taszakowski A., Walczak M., Baran B. 2015a. Reptalus quinquecostatus (Dufour, 1833) (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) – new species of cixiid in Poland. Acta entomologica silesiana 23(online 031): 1–8.","Taszakowski A., Walczak M., Morawski M., Baran B. 2015b. Piewiki (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha et Cicadomorpha) Beskidu Wschodniego. Acta entomologica silesiana 23: 83–96.","Walczak M., Wojciechowski W., Depa Ł. 2014. The communities of Planthoppers and Leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha et Cicadomorpha) inhabiting selected plant associations in Częstochowa city and its buffer zone. The Monograph. Annals of the Upper Silesian Museum, Entomology 23: 1–301.","Walczak M., Gębicki C., Wojciechowski W., Świerczewski D. 2016a. The fauna of planthoppers and leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha et Cicadomorpha) in the city of Częstochowa (southern Poland). The Monograph. Annals of the Upper Silesian Museum, Entomology 24–25: 1–191.","Walczak M., Taszakowski A., Skrynetska I., Kaszyca N. 2016b. First record of Criomorphus williamsi China, 1939 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Delphacidae) in Poland. Acta entomologica silesiana 24 (online 029): 1–8."]}

Dysaphis (Dysaphis) kadyrovi Depa & Kanturski sp. nov. (Figs 2 b, d, f; 3–7; Table 1) Type material: HOLOTYPE: TAJIKISTAN: valley of the Vakhsh River, 38°51'52.7"N, 70°01'32.3"E, 11 VII 2014, on Anacantha darwasica (C. Winkl.) Soják; Taszakowski & Walczak leg., 1 apterous viviparous female, marked as holotype on the slide, 2014/07/1 UŚ. Paratypes: the same data as holotype: 2 apterous viviparous females marked as paratype, 2014/07/01, UŚ; 2 apterous viviparous females, 2014/07/02 UŚ; 2 apterous viviparous females 2014/07/03, UŚ; 2 apterous viviparous females, 2014/07/04, UŚ. Holotype and paratypes of the new species are deposited in the Department of Zoology, University of Silesia in Katowice (UŚ). Paratypes will be also deposited in the Natural History Museum (BMNH), London (UK), 2 apterous viviparous females, 2014/07/02 UŚ; Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Paris (France), 2 apterous viviparous females, 2014/07/03 UŚ; and United States Department of Agriculture (Smithsonian insect collection), Agricultural Research Service (USDA), Beltsville (USA), 2 apterous viviparous females, 2014/07/04 UŚ. Description. Apterous viviparous female (based on nine specimens) Colour: in life, greyish–green to dark green, not covered by wax. Head and prothorax green to light brown, ANT and legs brownish. End of abdomen brownish, SIPH brown (Figs 3, 4). In mounted specimens: head sclerotized pale to light brown, ANT pale to light brown. When ANT light brown then ANT III basal part and PT lighter. Pronotum sclerotized, pale to light brown. Legs pale to light brown; femora pale or uniformly light brown, tibiae pale or light brown with darker anterior and posterior part, tarsi pale to light brown. SIPH and cauda pale to light brown (Figs 5–7). Morphology. Dorsal side of head with 6 pairs of spindle–shaped, blunt or slightly blunt setae (Fig. 6 a); ventral side with 4 pairs of rather fine and slightly pointed to slightly blunt setae. Head setae 0.025–0.045 mm long. HW 0.52–0.65 times ANT. ANT (Fig. 6 b) 0.35–0.53 times BL. ANT III shorter or longer than ANT VI, 0.10–0.15 times BL. ANT IV 1.13–1.71 times ANT V. ANT V 0.92–1.25 times BASE. ANT VI with PT 1.46–2.12 times BASE, with rounded primary rhinarium and 3–4 small accessory rhinaria tightly adjoining each other directly to the major rhinarium (Fig. 6 c). Other antennal ratios: ANT VI:ANT III 0.84–1.06; ANT V:ANT III 0.31–0.40; ANT IV:ANT III 0.42–0.54. Antennal chaetotaxy: ANT I with 5–7 setae, ANT II with 4–5 setae, ANT III with 5–11 setae, ANT IV with 3–7 setae, ANT V with 2–4 setae; ANT VI with 4 basal, 4 apical and 1–2 setae on basal part of PT. Antennal setae short, 0.008–0.020 mm long and pointed; LS ANT III 0.75–0.90 times BD III. Rostrum, reaching from middle coxae to ABD V. ARS 0.77–1.06 times ANT III, 2.26–3.00 times BASE, 0.89–1.02 times ANT VI and 1.61–1.90 times HT II, with 2–3 accessory setae (Fig. 7 a). Thorax with short to medium rigid, spindle–shaped setae, on pronotum 0.017–0.035 mm long and placed antero-marginally and spinally, 0.012–0.042 mm long on mesonotum and 0.015–0.031 mm long on metanotum. Mesothoracic furca transparent, separated; metathoracic furca short, weakly developed. III FEMORA 0.19–0.26 times BL, III TIBIAE 0.32–0.45 times BL, posterior seta on hind trochanter 0.53–0.69 times diameter of trochantro-femoral suture. HT II 2.62–3.51 times HT I. First segments of tarsi with 3:3:3 ventral setae (Fig. 7 b). HT II 0.44–0.57 times ANT III, 1.26–1.64 times BASE and 0.48–0.56 times ANT VI. Empodial setae fine and pointed. ABD I–VIII covered by short or medium rigid and blunt setae in spinal, pleural and marginal positions, 10–16 setae 0.017–0.042 mm long on ABD I–V, 6–10 setae 0.020–0.075 mm long on ABD VI–VII and 6 (rarely 5) setae 0.047 –0.075 mm long on ABD VIII. Dorsal setae on ABD III 1.0 4–1.35 times BD III. Dorsal surface of ABD segments in form of polygons with irregular edges. ABD I–IV membranous, ABD V with spinal or spino– pleural scleroites and sclerites. Sclerotic cross–bars of ABD VI–VIII imbricated or covered by very short spinules. SIPH (Fig. 7 c) 1.36–1.86 times CAUDA, 0.06–0.08 times BL and 0.52–0.65 times ANT III, slightly imbricated with poorly developed flange and subapical constriction. Subgenital plate well developed with 2 anterior and 12– 18 posterior fine and pointed setae. Cauda with 5 fine and pointed setae (Fig. 7 d). Etymology. The authors have the pleasure to name the species to honor Prof. Abdusalom Hafizovich Kadyrov—Entomologist from the Faculty of Biology, Tajik State National University in Dushanbe and long–term friend of the Department of Zoology, University of Silesia. Diagnosis. The new species differs from most of other species of Dysaphis by lack of marginal and spinal tubercles. Due to this character and slender and elongated ARS, the new species is similar to D. pseudomolli and D. cousiniae from which it differs by the following characters: Antennal setae long, LS ANT III 0.75–0.90 times BD III, while in D. (D.) pseudomolli LS ANT III are no longer than 0.5 times BD III. Setae on ABD I–V 0.017–0.042 mm, while in D. (D.) pseudomolli they are 0.04–0.06 mm long. 4 setae on the apex of PT, among which 3 are apical whereas in D. (D.) pseudomolli there are only 3 setae, with 2 apical. There are 6 setae on ABD VIII while in D. (D.) pseudomolli there are 4. Marginal tubercles always absent while in D. (D.) pseudomolli they are small and only rarely absent. From D. (D.) cousiniae cousiniae it differs by: Lack of sclerotized abdominal shield on ABD I–V. Lack of marginal and spinal tubercles on all body segments. From D. (D.) cousiniae minor it differs by: Lack of marginal tubercles on all abdominal tergites Slender, stiletto shaped apical segment of rostrum Host plant and biology: The species is associated with Anacantha darwasica (C. Winkl.) Soják (syn.: Modestia Char. & Tamamsch.) (Fig. 3). The host plant is endemic to the Pamiroalai Mountains in Tajikistan (Gissarskij Chrebet, Darvaskij Chrebet, Karategin, approx. 38°N, 68–73°E). Habitat: Subalpine meadows, screes and gravel embankments of rivers between 1300 and 3200 m (Fig. 8) (Soják 1982; Häffner 2000). The aphids were feeding on upper sides of leaves and on upper shoots near inflorescence and were attended by ants from the genus Plagiolepis Mayr, 1861 (Formicinae), det. Ł. Depa (after key to subfamilies and genera in Hölldobler & Wilson 1990). Locality. 38°51'52.7"N, 70°01'32.3"E; valley of the Vakhsh River, Central Tajikistan province, Sarikhosorsubdarvaz region; 1160 m asl; dried river bed, overgrown by sparse herbaceous vegetation (Fig. 8).

The material was collected in Garb Tarnogórski, the mesoregion of Silesian Upland. Quantitative research was conducted between 2011 and 2013 on 19 research plots belonging to the following phytosociological classes: Festuco-Brometea, Koelerio glaucae- Corynephoretea canescentis, Molinio-Arrhenatheretea, Quercetea robori-petraeae and Querco-Fagetea. Qualitative studies were conducted between 2010 and 2013 on the whole area of Garb Tarnogórski. We identified a total of 287 species representing 52.95% of all hopper species in Poland. During the research 2 species new to Poland were collected: Idiocerus vicinus Melichar, 1898 and Paralimnus rotundiceps (Lethierry, 1885). Additionally, 29 species were recorded in Upper Silesia for the first time: Cixius similis Kirschbaum, 1868 Chloriona glaucescens Fieber, 1966, Chloriona unicolor (Herrich-Schäff er, 1835), Ditropsis flavipes (Signoret, 1865), Calligypona reyi (Fieber, 1866), Dicranotropis divergens Kirschbaum, 1868, Criomorphus borealis (J. Sahlberg, 1871), Neophilaenus albipennis (Fabricius, 1798), Utecha lugens (Germar, 1821), Macropsis albae (Wagner, 1950), Macropsis haupti (Wagner, 1941), Macropsis najas (Nast, 1981), Agallia consobrina (Curtis, 1833), Acericerus heydenii (Kirschbaum, 1868), Alebra viridis Rey, 1894, Chlorita dumosa (Ribaut, 1933), Edwardsiana soror (Linnavuori, 1950), Eupteryx adspersa (Herrich-Schäff er, 1838), Eupteryx florida Ribaut, 1952, Eupteryx thoulessi Edwards, 1926, Zygina griseombra Remane, 1994, Zygina schneideri (Günthart, 1974), Arboridia parvula (Boheman, 1845), Macrosteles sardus Ribaut, 1948, Allygus communis (Ferrari, 1882), Allygus modestus Scott, 1876, Mocydia crocea (Herrich-Schäff er, 1837), Ophiola cornicula (Marshall, 1866) and Cosmotettix caudatus (Flor, 1861). We characterized planthopper communities related with the following 10 plant associations: Adonido-Brachypodietum pinnati, Corynephorion canescentis, Sileno otitis-Festucetum, Filipendulion ulmariae, Calthion palustris, Arrhenatheretum elatioris, Molinio caeruleae- Quercetum roboris, Fraxino-Alnetum, Tilio cordatae-Carpinetum betuli and Galio odorati- Fagetum. The results were evaluated with the usage of agglomeration analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). Based on dominance, constancy of occurrence and fidelity, three circles of communities were defined in various plant associations of Garb Tarnogórski (I –communities in Festuco-Brometa class, II in Molinio-Arrhenatherretea and III in Quercetea robori-petraeae and Querco-Fagetea). Seasonal dynamics of planthopper abundance in the analysed communities was described and chorological, ecological and zoocoenological analyses were conducted. The work presents the results of the zoocoenological analysis based on analytical and synthetic indices, such as dominance (D), constancy of occurrence (C), index Q and the coefficient of fidelity (W). Chorological analysis revealed the presence of 15 elements in the studied cicadofauna with European and Euro-Siberian elements most numerous. Ecological analysis was carried out on the basis of the following criteria: humidity, insolation, trophic relations, overwintering stage, the number of generations per year and the degree of association with the environment. It was determined that mesoheliophilous, mesohigrophilous and monophagous species have the greatest share, as well as overwintering in the form of egg, univoltine and oligotopic ones., {"references": ["Achtzinger R., Nickel H. 1997. Zikaden als Bioindikatoren f\u00fcr naturschutzfachliche Erfolgskontrollen im Feuchtgr\u00fcnland. Beitr\u00e4ge zur Zikadenkunde, 1: 3\u201316. Andrzejewska L. 1962. 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Key to species of Exphora 1. Metope long, 2.5 times as long as wide........................................................ E. longipennata - Metope less than 2 times as long as wide................................................................... 2. 2. Metope distinctly enlarged over clypeus at almost right angle, with 2 rows of black spots (between keels)..... E. fumivenosa - Metope enlarged over clypeus with board obtuse, without black spots............................................ 3 3. Body greenish, fore wing with 15 apical cells....................................................... E. succinae - Body yellowish-brown, fore wing with 18–19 apical cells...................................................... 4 4. Fore wing with dark brown transvers veins...................................................... E. perinetensis - Fore wings uniformly coloured, without darker veins......................................................... 5 5. Apical part of aedeagus without long needle-like processes. Aedeagal processes obtuse curved or almost stright and prolonged.................................................................................................... 6 - Apical part of aedeagus with long needle-like processes directed dorsally......................................... 7 6. Apical processes of aedeagus well developed, falcate, with denticles directed to each other........................... 8 - Apical processes of aedeagus without denticles directed to each other. Aedeagus long and thin or wide and robust....... 10 7. Anal column short, placed in basal part of anal tube.................................................... E. similis - Anal column long, placed in apical part of anal tube................................................. E. succinae 8. Apical process of aedeagus twice longer than subapical....................................................... 9 - Apical process of aedeagus as long as subapical...................................................... E. guerini 9. Aedeagus with 2 distinct bulges dorsally, ventral process weekly developed......................... E. constanti sp. n. - Aedeagus without bulges, ventral process bird-head shaped...................................... E. stroinskii sp. n. 10. Aedeagus comparatively short, robust; apical margin of anal tube with deep incision..................... E. ifanadiensis - Aedeagus very long; anal tube twice longer than wide with apical margin almost stright............................ 11 11. Aedeagal processes with abundant small denticles....................................... E. ambatolaonaensis sp. n. - Aedeagal processes without small denticles...................................................... E. perinetensis

Exphora stroinskii Junkiert & Walczak, sp. n. (Figs 4 a, 4 b) Description. Head: Metope 2.5 x as long as wide, weakly expanding in middle then narrowing before joining metoclypeal suture. Dorsal margin of metope almost straight. Median keel distinct, running through metope and metoclypeal suture. Metoclypeal suture elongate, triangular. Lateral keels present and distinct. In lateral view metope arcuately convex, but in central part rather straight, metoclypeal suture almost straight (Figs 1 a, 1 b). Eye black, round, ocelli present. Coryphe almost twice as wide as long, anterior margin convex and weakly angular, posterior margin distinctly arcuately concave (Fig. 1 c). Pronotum and mesonotum: Pronotum bluntly rounded, distinctly concave. Mesonotum weakly convex, with three parallel keels: anterior part of median keel joined to two slanting lines converging almost at right angle and thus forming an arrow-shaped structure. Both edges of arrow joined to two lateral keels. Fore wings: Clavus elongate, as long as 2 / 3 of whole wing length. Two longitudinal veins on clavus converge at 1 / 3 of their length. Two transverse veins present on the clavus. Radius bifurcate (R 2) after cubitus (Cu 2). Costal membrane with ten transverse veins, costal cell with two transverse veins. Stigma round and black, covering 1 / 3 of cell, partially entering apical fragment of costal cell. Five short parallel veinlets arise from stigma, four brown cells located among those veinlets and separated from the black stigma with a yellow line. Nineteen apical cells present at apex of fore wing (Fig. 1 d). Hind wings well developed, as long as 4 / 5 of fore wings’ length. Legs. Tibia triangular in lateral view with concave ventral side. Lateral margin with four lateral spines present, three of which are distinct and 1 weakly visible. Lateral margin cross-striated and covered with small, barely visible bristles. Coloration. General coloration yellowish-brown, metope with keels distinctly red. Larteral margins of tergites of abdomen brown. Wings hyaline with brown veins. Femur coloration light brown with dark brown base, tibia coloration uniformly light brown, spines brown, darker than tibia. Male genitalia: Pygofer with hind margin strongly convex. Anal tube elongate, weakly narrowed basally and enlarged apically in dorsal view. Anal column about 0.33 x as long as anal tube (Fig. 1 f). Style almost triangular with caudo-dorsal angle obtuse. Apical tooth of style wide and folded, bearing subapical tooth on inner side (Fig. 1 g). Aedeagus narrow, falcate in lateral view. Ventral phallobase reaching half length of aedeagus. Each dorsolateral phallobase lobe with one long, narrow, semicircular apical process bearing small, abundant denticles. Subapical process horn-shaped. Dorsal surface of phallobase with bird-head-shaped process medially. Apical aedeagal process leaf-shaped with two barely visible curved apical teeth (Fig. 1 e). Remarks. Exphora stroinskii sp. n. is similar to other species externally, but can be distinguished from related by the pattern of black round stigma, metope lacking of brown stripes, long anal tube, shape of style, aedeagus and its processes (see the key above). Material examined. Holotype ♂ / Exphora stroinskii sp. n. / Junkiert & Walczak det. 2014 [red label]; Madagascar Est / district Sambava / Marojejy / Ambinanitelo 500m / XII– 58 Raharizonina; INSTITUT / SCIENTIFIQUE / MADAGASCAR; Coll. R.I.Sc.N.B. [blue label] Etymology. The name of this new species is dedicated to Dr. Adam Stroiński, the Fulgoromorphan specialist from the Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland. Exphora constanti Junkiert & Walczak, sp. n. (Figs 4 c, 4 d) Description. Head: Metope twice as long as wide, distinctly enlarging in middle where it becomes arcuately convex then narrowing to metoclypeal suture. Upper part of metope weakly (but distinctly) concave. Median keel distinct, running through metope and metoclypeal suture. Metoclypeal suture elongate, triangular, upper margins weakly arcuately curved, lateral keels present and distinct. In lateral view metope distinctly convex, whereas metoclypeal suture almost straight. Eye black, round, ocelli present (Figs 2 a, 2 b). Coryphe almost twice as wide as long, anterior margin convex and weakly angular, posterior margin distinctly arcuately concave (Fig. 2 c). Pronotum and mesonotum: Pronotum bluntly rounded, distinctly concave. Mesonotum weakly convex, with 3 parallel keels: anterior part of median keel joined to two slanting lines converging almost at right angle and thus forming an arrow-shaped structure. Both edges of arrow joined to two lateral keels. Fore wings: Clavus elongate, as long as 2 / 3 of the whole wing length. Two longitudinal veins on clavus converge at 1 / 3 of their length. Two transverse veins present on clavus. Radius bifurcate (R 2) after cubitus (Cu 2). Costal membrane with nine transverse veins, costal cell with three transverse veins. Stigma round and black, covering 1 / 3 of cell, partially entering apical fragment of the costal cell. 4 short parallel veinlets arise from stigma, three brown cells located among those veinlets. Nineteen apical cells present at apex of fore wing (Fig. 2 d). Hind wings well developed, as long as 4 / 5 of the wings’ length. Legs: Tibia triangular in lateral view with concave ventral side. Lateral margin with four lateral spines present, three of which are distinct and 1 weakly visible. Lateral margin cross-striated and covered with small, barely visible bristles. Coloration. General coloration yellowish-brown, metope with keels distinctly red, between lateral and median keels brown stripes passing along the metope. Larteral margins of tergites of abdomen brown. Wings hialine with brown veins. Femur and tibia coloration uniform–yellowish-brown, spines brown, darker than tibia. Male genitalia: Pygofer with hind margin convex. Anal tube elongate, enlarged apically in dorsal view. Anal column long, about 0.4 x as long as anal tube (Fig. 2 f). Style almost triangular with caudo-dorsal angle obtuse. Apical tooth of style folded, bearing subapical tooth on its inner side (Fig. 2 g). Aedeagus falcate in lateral view. Ventral phallobase reaching almost half length of aedeagus. Each dorso-lateral lobe with two processes: apical one, slightly curved, narrow, twice longer than subapical, hornshaped. Hind margin with a few weakly visible denticles. Adeagus with two distinct semicilcular bulges placed ventraly. Dorsal surface of phallobase with blunt process with week concavity placed distally (Fig. 2 e). Remarks. Exphora constanti sp. n. is similar to other species externally, but can be distinguished from related by distinct brown stripes on metope, shape of pygofer, anal tube, style and aedeagus (see the key above). Material examined. Holotype ♂ / Exphora constanti sp. n. / Junkiert & Walczak det. 2014 [red label]; Coll.R.I.Sc.N.B. / Madagascar / Maroantsetra / III– 1949 [hand written]; H.Synave det. 1965 / Exphora n. sp. [hand written] Etymology. The name of species is dedicated to Dr. Jérôme Constant the Fulgoromorphan specialist from Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium. Exphora ambatolaonaensis Junkiert & Walczak, sp. n. (Figs 4 e, 4 f) Description. Head: Metope twice as long as wide, distinctly enlarging in middle where it becomes angularly convex then narrowing to metoclypeal suture. Dorsal margin of metope almost straight. Median keel distinct, running through metope and metoclypeal suture. Metoclypeal suture elongate, triangular. Lateral keels present and distinct. In lateral view metope distinctly convex, whereas metoclypeal suture almost straight. Eye black, round, ocelli present (Figs. 3 a, 3 b). Coryphe almost one and a half as wide as long, anterior margin convex and strongly angular, posterior margin distinctly arcuately concave (Fig. 3 c). Pronotum and mesonotum: Pronotum bluntly rounded, distinctly concave, posterior margin black. Mesonotum weakly convex, with 3 parallel keels: anterior part of median keel joined to two slanting lines converging almost at right angle and thus forming an arrow-shaped structure. Both edges of arrow joined to two lateral keels. Between keels brown stripes present. Fore wings: Clavus elongate, as long as 2 / 3 of the whole wing length. Two longitudinal veins on clavus converge at 1 / 3 of their length. Two transverse veins present on the clavus. Radius (R 2) bifurcate below cubitus (Cu 2). Costal membrane with 8 transverse veins, costal cell with 2 transverse veins. Stigma angular and black, covering 1 / 3 of cell, partially entering the apical fragment of costal cell. Five short parallel veinlets arise from stigma, four brown cells located among those veinlets (Fig. 3 d). Hind wings well developed, as long as 4 / 5 of the fore wings’ length. Legs. Tibia triangular in lateral view with concave ventral side. Lateral margin with four lateral spines present. Lateral margin cross-striated and covered with small, barely visible bristles. Coloration. General coloration yellowish-brown, metope with keels red, between lateral and median keels two delicate brown stripes, placed on the upper part of metope. Larteral margins of tergites of abdomen brown. Wings hyaline with brown veins. Legs brown, generally darker than body. Male genitalia: Pygofer with hind margin convex. Anal tube elongate, straight in all its length in dorsal view. Anal column long, about 0.4 x as long as anal tube (Fig. 3 f). Style elongated, almost oval. Apical tooth of style weakly folded, bearing subapical tooth on inner side (Fig. 3 g). Aedeagus narrow, falcate in lateral view. Ventral phallobase reaching more than half length of aedeagus. Each dorso-lateral lobe armored with comb of abundant denticles. Aedeagus with slightly curved, narrow apical processes bearing small denticles apically. Subapical process with small single denticle, directed dorsally. Dorsal surface of the phallobase with elongated blunt process with delicate distal concavity (Fig. 3 e). Remarks. Exphora ambatolaonaensis sp. n. is similar to other species externally, but can be distinguished from related by shape of pygofer, long anal tube, style and aedeagus (see the key above). Material examined. Holotype ♂ / Exphora ambatolaonaensis sp. n. / Junkiert & Walczak det. 2014 [red label]; Coll. R.I.Sc.N.B. / Madagascar Ambatolaona [hand written] / H.Synave det. 195 [lack of date] / Exphora n. sp. [hand written] Etymology. The name of species is connected with place where the specimen was collected, Ambatolaona (Lamberton), Madagascar.

Junkiert, Łukasz, Walczak, Marcin (2015): Three new species of the genus Exphora Signoret, 1860 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Tropiduchidae) from Madagascar. Zootaxa 3926 (1): 129-136, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3926.1.7

Exphora stroinskii Junkiert & Walczak, sp. n. (Figs 4 a, 4 b) Description. Head: Metope 2.5 x as long as wide, weakly expanding in middle then narrowing before joining metoclypeal suture. Dorsal margin of metope almost straight. Median keel distinct, running through metope and metoclypeal suture. Metoclypeal suture elongate, triangular. Lateral keels present and distinct. In lateral view metope arcuately convex, but in central part rather straight, metoclypeal suture almost straight (Figs 1 a, 1 b). Eye black, round, ocelli present. Coryphe almost twice as wide as long, anterior margin convex and weakly angular, posterior margin distinctly arcuately concave (Fig. 1 c). Pronotum and mesonotum: Pronotum bluntly rounded, distinctly concave. Mesonotum weakly convex, with three parallel keels: anterior part of median keel joined to two slanting lines converging almost at right angle and thus forming an arrow-shaped structure. Both edges of arrow joined to two lateral keels. Fore wings: Clavus elongate, as long as 2 / 3 of whole wing length. Two longitudinal veins on clavus converge at 1 / 3 of their length. Two transverse veins present on the clavus. Radius bifurcate (R 2) after cubitus (Cu 2). Costal membrane with ten transverse veins, costal cell with two transverse veins. Stigma round and black, covering 1 / 3 of cell, partially entering apical fragment of costal cell. Five short parallel veinlets arise from stigma, four brown cells located among those veinlets and separated from the black stigma with a yellow line. Nineteen apical cells present at apex of fore wing (Fig. 1 d). Hind wings well developed, as long as 4 / 5 of fore wings��� length. Legs. Tibia triangular in lateral view with concave ventral side. Lateral margin with four lateral spines present, three of which are distinct and 1 weakly visible. Lateral margin cross-striated and covered with small, barely visible bristles. Coloration. General coloration yellowish-brown, metope with keels distinctly red. Larteral margins of tergites of abdomen brown. Wings hyaline with brown veins. Femur coloration light brown with dark brown base, tibia coloration uniformly light brown, spines brown, darker than tibia. Male genitalia: Pygofer with hind margin strongly convex. Anal tube elongate, weakly narrowed basally and enlarged apically in dorsal view. Anal column about 0.33 x as long as anal tube (Fig. 1 f). Style almost triangular with caudo-dorsal angle obtuse. Apical tooth of style wide and folded, bearing subapical tooth on inner side (Fig. 1 g). Aedeagus narrow, falcate in lateral view. Ventral phallobase reaching half length of aedeagus. Each dorsolateral phallobase lobe with one long, narrow, semicircular apical process bearing small, abundant denticles. Subapical process horn-shaped. Dorsal surface of phallobase with bird-head-shaped process medially. Apical aedeagal process leaf-shaped with two barely visible curved apical teeth (Fig. 1 e). Remarks. Exphora stroinskii sp. n. is similar to other species externally, but can be distinguished from related by the pattern of black round stigma, metope lacking of brown stripes, long anal tube, shape of style, aedeagus and its processes (see the key above). Material examined. Holotype ♂ / Exphora stroinskii sp. n. / Junkiert & Walczak det. 2014 [red label]; Madagascar Est / district Sambava / Marojejy / Ambinanitelo 500m / XII��� 58 Raharizonina; INSTITUT / SCIENTIFIQUE / MADAGASCAR; Coll. R.I.Sc.N.B. [blue label] Etymology. The name of this new species is dedicated to Dr. Adam Stroiński, the Fulgoromorphan specialist from the Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland. Exphora constanti Junkiert & Walczak, sp. n. (Figs 4 c, 4 d) Description. Head: Metope twice as long as wide, distinctly enlarging in middle where it becomes arcuately convex then narrowing to metoclypeal suture. Upper part of metope weakly (but distinctly) concave. Median keel distinct, running through metope and metoclypeal suture. Metoclypeal suture elongate, triangular, upper margins weakly arcuately curved, lateral keels present and distinct. In lateral view metope distinctly convex, whereas metoclypeal suture almost straight. Eye black, round, ocelli present (Figs 2 a, 2 b). Coryphe almost twice as wide as long, anterior margin convex and weakly angular, posterior margin distinctly arcuately concave (Fig. 2 c). Pronotum and mesonotum: Pronotum bluntly rounded, distinctly concave. Mesonotum weakly convex, with 3 parallel keels: anterior part of median keel joined to two slanting lines converging almost at right angle and thus forming an arrow-shaped structure. Both edges of arrow joined to two lateral keels. Fore wings: Clavus elongate, as long as 2 / 3 of the whole wing length. Two longitudinal veins on clavus converge at 1 / 3 of their length. Two transverse veins present on clavus. Radius bifurcate (R 2) after cubitus (Cu 2). Costal membrane with nine transverse veins, costal cell with three transverse veins. Stigma round and black, covering 1 / 3 of cell, partially entering apical fragment of the costal cell. 4 short parallel veinlets arise from stigma, three brown cells located among those veinlets. Nineteen apical cells present at apex of fore wing (Fig. 2 d). Hind wings well developed, as long as 4 / 5 of the wings��� length. Legs: Tibia triangular in lateral view with concave ventral side. Lateral margin with four lateral spines present, three of which are distinct and 1 weakly visible. Lateral margin cross-striated and covered with small, barely visible bristles. Coloration. General coloration yellowish-brown, metope with keels distinctly red, between lateral and median keels brown stripes passing along the metope. Larteral margins of tergites of abdomen brown. Wings hialine with brown veins. Femur and tibia coloration uniform���yellowish-brown, spines brown, darker than tibia. Male genitalia: Pygofer with hind margin convex. Anal tube elongate, enlarged apically in dorsal view. Anal column long, about 0.4 x as long as anal tube (Fig. 2 f). Style almost triangular with caudo-dorsal angle obtuse. Apical tooth of style folded, bearing subapical tooth on its inner side (Fig. 2 g). Aedeagus falcate in lateral view. Ventral phallobase reaching almost half length of aedeagus. Each dorso-lateral lobe with two processes: apical one, slightly curved, narrow, twice longer than subapical, hornshaped. Hind margin with a few weakly visible denticles. Adeagus with two distinct semicilcular bulges placed ventraly. Dorsal surface of phallobase with blunt process with week concavity placed distally (Fig. 2 e). Remarks. Exphora constanti sp. n. is similar to other species externally, but can be distinguished from related by distinct brown stripes on metope, shape of pygofer, anal tube, style and aedeagus (see the key above). Material examined. Holotype ♂ / Exphora constanti sp. n. / Junkiert & Walczak det. 2014 [red label]; Coll.R.I.Sc.N.B. / Madagascar / Maroantsetra / III��� 1949 [hand written]; H.Synave det. 1965 / Exphora n. sp. [hand written] Etymology. The name of species is dedicated to Dr. J��r��me Constant the Fulgoromorphan specialist from Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium. Exphora ambatolaonaensis Junkiert & Walczak, sp. n. (Figs 4 e, 4 f) Description. Head: Metope twice as long as wide, distinctly enlarging in middle where it becomes angularly convex then narrowing to metoclypeal suture. Dorsal margin of metope almost straight. Median keel distinct, running through metope and metoclypeal suture. Metoclypeal suture elongate, triangular. Lateral keels present and distinct. In lateral view metope distinctly convex, whereas metoclypeal suture almost straight. Eye black, round, ocelli present (Figs. 3 a, 3 b). Coryphe almost one and a half as wide as long, anterior margin convex and strongly angular, posterior margin distinctly arcuately concave (Fig. 3 c). Pronotum and mesonotum: Pronotum bluntly rounded, distinctly concave, posterior margin black. Mesonotum weakly convex, with 3 parallel keels: anterior part of median keel joined to two slanting lines converging almost at right angle and thus forming an arrow-shaped structure. Both edges of arrow joined to two lateral keels. Between keels brown stripes present. Fore wings: Clavus elongate, as long as 2 / 3 of the whole wing length. Two longitudinal veins on clavus converge at 1 / 3 of their length. Two transverse veins present on the clavus. Radius (R 2) bifurcate below cubitus (Cu 2). Costal membrane with 8 transverse veins, costal cell with 2 transverse veins. Stigma angular and black, covering 1 / 3 of cell, partially entering the apical fragment of costal cell. Five short parallel veinlets arise from stigma, four brown cells located among those veinlets (Fig. 3 d). Hind wings well developed, as long as 4 / 5 of the fore wings��� length. Legs. Tibia triangular in lateral view with concave ventral side. Lateral margin with four lateral spines present. Lateral margin cross-striated and covered with small, barely visible bristles. Coloration. General coloration yellowish-brown, metope with keels red, between lateral and median keels two delicate brown stripes, placed on the upper part of metope. Larteral margins of tergites of abdomen brown. Wings hyaline with brown veins. Legs brown, generally darker than body. Male genitalia: Pygofer with hind margin convex. Anal tube elongate, straight in all its length in dorsal view. Anal column long, about 0.4 x as long as anal tube (Fig. 3 f). Style elongated, almost oval. Apical tooth of style weakly folded, bearing subapical tooth on inner side (Fig. 3 g). Aedeagus narrow, falcate in lateral view. Ventral phallobase reaching more than half length of aedeagus. Each dorso-lateral lobe armored with comb of abundant denticles. Aedeagus with slightly curved, narrow apical processes bearing small denticles apically. Subapical process with small single denticle, directed dorsally. Dorsal surface of the phallobase with elongated blunt process with delicate distal concavity (Fig. 3 e). Remarks. Exphora ambatolaonaensis sp. n. is similar to other species externally, but can be distinguished from related by shape of pygofer, long anal tube, style and aedeagus (see the key above). Material examined. Holotype ♂ / Exphora ambatolaonaensis sp. n. / Junkiert & Walczak det. 2014 [red label]; Coll. R.I.Sc.N.B. / Madagascar Ambatolaona [hand written] / H.Synave det. 195 [lack of date] / Exphora n. sp. [hand written] Etymology. The name of species is connected with place where the specimen was collected, Ambatolaona (Lamberton), Madagascar., Published as part of Junkiert, ��ukasz & Walczak, Marcin, 2015, Three new species of the genus Exphora Signoret, 1860 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Tropiduchidae) from Madagascar, pp. 129-136 in Zootaxa 3926 (1) on pages 130-135, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3926.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/235518

Key to species of Exphora 1. Metope long, 2.5 times as long as wide........................................................ E. longipennata - Metope less than 2 times as long as wide................................................................... 2. 2. Metope distinctly enlarged over clypeus at almost right angle, with 2 rows of black spots (between keels)..... E. fumivenosa - Metope enlarged over clypeus with board obtuse, without black spots............................................ 3 3. Body greenish, fore wing with 15 apical cells....................................................... E. succinae - Body yellowish-brown, fore wing with 18���19 apical cells...................................................... 4 4. Fore wing with dark brown transvers veins...................................................... E. perinetensis - Fore wings uniformly coloured, without darker veins......................................................... 5 5. Apical part of aedeagus without long needle-like processes. Aedeagal processes obtuse curved or almost stright and prolonged.................................................................................................... 6 - Apical part of aedeagus with long needle-like processes directed dorsally......................................... 7 6. Apical processes of aedeagus well developed, falcate, with denticles directed to each other........................... 8 - Apical processes of aedeagus without denticles directed to each other. Aedeagus long and thin or wide and robust....... 10 7. Anal column short, placed in basal part of anal tube.................................................... E. similis - Anal column long, placed in apical part of anal tube................................................. E. succinae 8. Apical process of aedeagus twice longer than subapical....................................................... 9 - Apical process of aedeagus as long as subapical...................................................... E. guerini 9. Aedeagus with 2 distinct bulges dorsally, ventral process weekly developed......................... E. constanti sp. n. - Aedeagus without bulges, ventral process bird-head shaped...................................... E. stroinskii sp. n. 10. Aedeagus comparatively short, robust; apical margin of anal tube with deep incision..................... E. ifanadiensis - Aedeagus very long; anal tube twice longer than wide with apical margin almost stright............................ 11 11. Aedeagal processes with abundant small denticles....................................... E. ambatolaonaensis sp. n. - Aedeagal processes without small denticles...................................................... E. perinetensis, Published as part of Junkiert, ��ukasz & Walczak, Marcin, 2015, Three new species of the genus Exphora Signoret, 1860 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Tropiduchidae) from Madagascar, pp. 129-136 in Zootaxa 3926 (1) on page 130, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3926.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/235518