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Visoki pajesen je ena bolj razširjenih tujerodnih drevesnih vrst v Sloveniji. Najpogosteje se razrašča zunaj gozda, včasih pa ga najdemo tudi v gozdnem prostoru. V naših gozdovih je kemično zatiranje prepovedano, zato smo preizkusili tri vrste mehanskega zatiranja te vrste. Najuspešnejša metoda je bila puljenje celotnih osebkov, najmanj pa lomljenje enoletnih poganjkov. Mehansko zatiranje je najučinkovitejše, če ga kombiniramo z drugimi ukrepi, kot so: malopovršinsko pomlajevanje, skrb za polnilno plast, uporaba gozdnogojitvenih sistemov, ki pospešujejo vrstno in strukturno pestrost sestojev ter pospeševanje in sajenje hitrorastočih, rastišču primernih domorodnih vrst. The tree of heaven is one of the most widespread non-native tree species in Slovenia. In most areas, its spread occurs in non-forested areas, yet recent observations indicate it is becoming more common within some forest ecosystems as well. Because chemical treatment is banned in Slovenia, this study tested the effectiveness of three mechanical control treatments. Breakage of annual and biennial shoots was not successful the best treatment was total removal by pulling seedlings and saplings. Mechanical control of invasive tree species is more effective if combined with other management approaches, such as practicing silviculture that promotes vertically diverse stands of native tree and shrub species, particularly small-scale silviculture that maintains a subcanopy layer.

This paper presents the effects of deer browsing on regeneration, and subsequent consequences for the species composition, structure, and function of Slovenian forests. We begin with a synthesis of international and domestic research regarding the relationship between deer and forest ecosystems. We then present the silvicultural measures that can influence this relationship, with particular emphasis on the current situation and applications in Slovenia. In general, the situation in core deer area has improved over the past decade, but in some regions of Slovenia the density of deer does not allow for sustainable regeneration of all native tree species, especially fir and oak. This makes it difficult to adapt forests to climate change, particularly in forests recovering from severe natural disturbances. Finally, we present a proposal for a coordinated experiment involving wildlife managers and foresters, which could yield valuable insight into the relationship between deer and forest stands, and thus improve management of forests in the future. V prispevku prikazujemo, kakšni so vplivi velikih rastlinojedih parkljarjev na obnovo, s tem pa na drevesno sestavo, strukturo, kakovost in odpornost slovenskih gozdov. V uvodnem delu, na podlagi izsledkov tujih in domačih raziskav, predstavljamo nekaj temeljnih značilnosti razmerja med velikimi rastlinojedimi parkljarji (VRP) in gozdnim ekosistemom. Prikazujemo, kako na ta odnos lahko vplivamo z gozdnogojitvenimi ukrepi in na podlagi izsledkov novejših raziskav na tem področju navajamo oceno trenutnega stanja v slovenskih gozdovih. Na splošno se razmere v osrednjih območjih VRP glede na prejšnja desetletja izboljšujejo, vendar v nekaterih predelih Slovenije gostote velikih rastlinojedih parkljarjev ne omogočajo trajnostne obnove vseh domačih vrst, še posebno jelke in hrasta. To otežuje prilagajanje gozdov na podnebne spremembe, kar je še posebno izrazito na površinah, ki so jih prizadele naravne ujme. Na koncu prispevka predstavljamo predlog poskusnega usklajenega ukrepanja upravljavcev divjadi, lastnikov gozdov in gojiteljev, kar bi lahko prispevalo k večjemu razumevanju odnosa med velikimi rastlinojedimi parkljarji in gozdnimi sestoji ter boljšemu upravljanju gozdov v prihodnosti.

The tree of heaven is one of the most widespread non-native tree species in Slovenia. In most areas, its spread occurs in non-forested areas, yet recent observations indicate it is becoming more common within some forest ecosystems as well. Because chemical treatment is banned in Slovenia, this study tested the effectiveness of three mechanical control treatments. Breakage of annual and biennial shoots was not successful; the best treatment was total removal by pulling seedlings and saplings. Mechanical control of invasive tree species is more effective if combined with other management approaches, such as practicing silviculture that promotes vertically diverse stands of native tree and shrub species, particularly small-scale silviculture that maintains a subcanopy layer. Visoki pajesen je ena bolj razširjenih tujerodnih drevesnih vrst v Sloveniji. Najpogosteje se razrašča zunaj gozda, včasih pa ga najdemo tudi v gozdnem prostoru. V naših gozdovih je kemično zatiranje prepovedano, zato smo preizkusili tri vrste mehanskega zatiranja te vrste. Najuspešnejša metoda je bila puljenje celotnih osebkov, najmanj pa lomljenje enoletnih poganjkov. Mehansko zatiranje je najučinkovitejše, če ga kombiniramo z drugimi ukrepi, kot so: malopovršinsko pomlajevanje, skrb za polnilno plast, uporaba gozdnogojitvenih sistemov, ki pospešujejo vrstno in strukturno pestrost sestojev ter pospeševanje in sajenje hitrorastočih, rastišču primernih domorodnih vrst.

V raziskavi smo analizirali razvoj gozdnih sestojev, prizadetih po naravni ujmi. Osredotočili smo se na primerjavo razvoja vegetacije med saniranimi (sečnja in spravilo sta bila izvedena) in nesaniranimi (sečnja in spravilo nista bila izvedena) deli poškodovanih gozdnih sestojev. Izmerili smo značilnosti podmladka na 45 ploskvah, postavljenih na sedmih objektih v J in Z Sloveniji. Rezultati nakazujejo razlike med obema načinoma (ne)ukrepanja po posameznih analiziranih kazalcih. Pod določenimi pogoji je lahko neukrepanje po ujmi tudi boljša izbira za razvoj vegetacije in preprečevanje neugodnih biotskih ter abiotskih procesov po naravni ujmi. In our research we analyzed the development of forest stands affected by natural disturbance. We focused on the comparison of vegetation development on salvaged (felling and salvage logging were performed) and non-salvaged (felling and salvage logging were not performed) parts of the damaged forest stands. We measured characteristics of the regeneration on 45 plots in seven study sites in S and W Slovenia. The results indicate differences between the both treatments under certain conditions, doing nothing after a disturbance can represent a better choice for the development of vegetation and prevention of unfavorable biotic and abiotic processes after a natural disturbance.