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329 results on '"Boehm, Alexandria B."'

2. Trends of Enterovirus D68 Concentrations in Wastewater, California, USA, February 2021-April 2023

Author

Boehm, Alexandria B., Wadford, Debra A., Hughes, Bridgette, Duong, Dorothea, Chen, Alice, Padilla, Tasha, Wright, Chelsea, Moua, Lisa, Bullick, Teal, Salas, Maria, Morales, Christina, White, Bradley J., Glaser, Carol A., Vugia, Duc J., Yu, Alexander T., and Wolfe, Marlene K.

Subjects
Medical research, Medicine, Experimental, Wastewater -- Distribution -- Health aspects, Enteroviruses -- Distribution, Disease transmission -- Research, Company distribution practices, Health
Abstract

Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) was recognized as a respiratory virus in 1962 (1). In 2014, unprecedented large outbreaks of EV-D68 infections associated with severe respiratory illnesses occurred in children in the [...]

Published
2023
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6. Wastewater monitoring can anchor global disease surveillance systems

Author

Ahmed, Warish, Amman, Fabian, Aruna, Olusola, Badilla-Aguilar, Andrei, Bar-Or, Itay, Bergthaler, Andreas, Bines, Julie E, Bivins, Aaron W, Boehm, Alexandria B, Brault, Jean-Martin, Burnet, Jean-Baptiste, Chapman, Joanne R, Chaudhuri, Angela, de Roda Husman, Ana Maria, Delatolla, Robert, Dennehy, John J, Diamond, Megan Beth, Donato, Celeste, Duizer, Erwin, Egwuenu, Abiodun, Erster, Oran, Fatta-Kassinos, Despo, Gaggero, Aldo, Gilpin, Deirdre F, Gilpin, Brent J, Graber, Tyson E, Green, Christopher A, Handley, Amanda, Hewitt, Joanne, Holm, Rochelle H, Insam, Heribert, Johnson, Marc C, Johnson, Rabia, Jones, Davey L, Julian, Timothy R, Jyothi, Asha, Keshaviah, Aparna, Kohn, Tamar, Kuhn, Katrin G, La Rosa, Giuseppina, Lesenfants, Marie, Manuel, Douglas G, D'Aoust, Patrick M, Markt, Rudolf, McGrath, John W, Medema, Gertjan, Moe, Christine L, Murni, Indah Kartika, Naser, Humood, Naughton, Colleen C, Ogorzaly, Leslie, Oktaria, Vicka, Ort, Christoph, Karaolia, Popi, Patel, Ekta H, Paterson, Steve, Rahman, Mahbubur, Rivera-Navarro, Pablo, Robinson, Alex, Santa-Maria, Monica C, Scarpino, Samuel V, Schmitt, Heike, Smith, Theodore, Stadler, Lauren B, Stassijns, Jorgen, Stenico, Alberta, Street, Renee A, Suffredini, Elisabetta, Susswein, Zachary, Trujillo, Monica, Wade, Matthew J, Wolfe, Marlene K, Yakubu, Habib, Zanoli Sato, Maria Ines, and Diamond, Megan B

Published
2023
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7. Effects of water, sanitation, and hygiene interventions on detection of enteropathogens and host-specific faecal markers in the environment: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis

Author

Mertens, Andrew, Arnold, Benjamin F, Benjamin-Chung, Jade, Boehm, Alexandria B, Brown, Joe, Capone, Drew, Clasen, Thomas, Fuhrmeister, Erica, Grembi, Jessica A, Holcomb, David, Knee, Jackie, Kwong, Laura H, Lin, Audrie, Luby, Stephen P, Nala, Rassul, Nelson, Kara, Njenga, Sammy M, Null, Clair, Pickering, Amy J, Rahman, Mahbubur, Reese, Heather E, Steinbaum, Lauren, Stewart, Jill, Thilakaratne, Ruwan, Cumming, Oliver, Colford, John M, Jr, and Ercumen, Ayse

Published
2023
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8. Estimating Relative Abundance of 2 SARS-CoV-2 Variants through Wastewater Surveillance at 2 Large Metropolitan Sites, United States

Author

Yu, Alexander T., Hughes, Bridgette, Wolfe, Marlene K., Leon, Tomas, Duong, Dorothea, Rabe, Angela, Kennedy, Lauren C., Ravuri, Sindhu, White, Bradley J., Wigginton, Krista R., Boehm, Alexandria B., and Vugia, Duc J.

Subjects
Wastewater -- Health aspects, RNA -- Environmental aspects, Health
Abstract

By November 2021, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), had claimed >5 million lives worldwide, including >700,000 in the United States (1-3). [...]

Published
2022
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9. Interlaboratory performance and quantitative PCR data acceptance metrics for NIST SRM® 2917

Author

Sivaganesan, Mano, Willis, Jessica R., Karim, Mohammad, Babatola, Akin, Catoe, David, Boehm, Alexandria B., Wilder, Maxwell, Green, Hyatt, Lobos, Aldo, Harwood, Valerie J., Hertel, Stephanie, Klepikow, Regina, Howard, Mondraya F., Laksanalamai, Pongpan, Roundtree, Alexis, Mattioli, Mia, Eytcheson, Stephanie, Molina, Marirosa, Lane, Molly, Rediske, Richard, Ronan, Amanda, D'Souza, Nishita, Rose, Joan B., Shrestha, Abhilasha, Hoar, Catherine, Silverman, Andrea I., Faulkner, Wyatt, Wickman, Kathleen, Kralj, Jason G., Servetas, Stephanie L., Hunter, Monique E., Jackson, Scott A., and Shanks, Orin C.

Published
2022
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10. Highly variable removal of pathogens, antibiotic resistance genes, conventional fecal indicators and human-associated fecal source markers in a pilot-scale stormwater biofilter operated under realistic stormflow conditions

Author

Rugh, Megyn B., Grant, Stanley B., Hung, Wei-Cheng, Jay, Jennifer A., Parker, Emily A., Feraud, Marina, Li, Dong, Avasarala, Sumant, Holden, Patricia A., Liu, Haizhou, Rippy, Megan A., Werfhorst, Laurie C. Van De, Kefela, Timnit, Peng, Jian, Shao, Stella, Graham, Katherine E., Boehm, Alexandria B., Choi, Samuel, Mohanty, Sanjay K., and Cao, Yiping

Published
2022
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18. Impacts of a changing earth on microbial dynamics and human health risks in the continuum between beach water and sand

Author

Weiskerger, Chelsea J., Brandão, João, Ahmed, Warish, Aslan, Asli, Avolio, Lindsay, Badgley, Brian D., Boehm, Alexandria B., Edge, Thomas A., Fleisher, Jay M., Heaney, Christopher D., Jordao, Luisa, Kinzelman, Julie L., Klaus, James S., Kleinheinz, Gregory T., Meriläinen, Päivi, Nshimyimana, Jean Pierre, Phanikumar, Mantha S., Piggot, Alan M., Pitkänen, Tarja, Robinson, Clare, Sadowsky, Michael J., Staley, Christopher, Staley, Zachery R., Symonds, Erin M., Vogel, Laura J., Yamahara, Kevan M., Whitman, Richard L., Solo-Gabriele, Helena M., and Harwood, Valerie J.

Published
2019
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23. Temperature and particles interact to affect human norovirus and MS2 persistence in surface water.

Author

Kennedy, Lauren C., Lowry, Sarah A., and Boehm, Alexandria B.

Abstract

Modeling the fate and transport of viruses and their genetic material in surface water is necessary to assess risks associated with contaminated surface waters and to inform environmental surveillance efforts. Temperature has been identified as a key variable affecting virus persistence in surface waters, but the effects of the presence of biological and inert particles and of their interaction with temperature have not been well characterized. We assessed these effects on the persistence of human norovirus (HuNoV) genotype II.4 purified from stool and MS2 in surface water. Raw or filter-sterilized creek water microcosms were inoculated and incubated in the dark at 10 °C, 15 °C, and 20 °C. HuNoV (i.e., genome segments and intact capsids) and MS2 (i.e., infectious MS2, genome segments, and intact capsids) concentrations were followed over 36 days. The range in positive, significant first-order decay rate constants for HuNoV in this study was 0.14 to 0.69 day−1 compared with 0.026 to 0.71 day−1 for that of MS2. Decay rate constants for HuNoV genome segments and infectious MS2 were largest in creek water that included biological and inert particles and incubated at higher temperatures. In addition, for HuNoV and MS2 incubated in raw or filter-sterilized creek water at 15 °C, capsid damage was not identified as a dominant inactivation mechanism. Environmental processes and events that affect surface water biological and inert particles, temperature, or both could lead to variable virus decay rate constants. Incorporating the effects of particles, temperature, and their interaction could enhance models of virus fate and transport in surface water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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36. Longitudinal and quantitative fecal shedding dynamics of SARSCoV-2, pepper mild mottle virus, and crAssphage.

Author

Arts, Peter J., Kelly, J. Daniel, Midgley, Claire M., Anglin, Khamal, Lu, Scott, Abedi, Glen R., Andino, Raul, Bakker, Kevin M., Banman, Bryon, Boehm, Alexandria B., Briggs-Hagen, Melissa, Brouwer, Andrew F., Davidson, Michelle C., Eisenberg, Marisa C., Garcia-Knight, Miguel, Knight, Sterling, Peluso, Michael J., Pineda-Ramirez, Jesus, Sanchez, Ruth Diaz, and Saydah, Sharon

Published
2023
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41. Detection limits and cost comparisons of human- and gull-associated conventional and quantitative PCR assays in artificial and environmental waters

Author

Riedel, Timothy E., Zimmer-Faust, Amity G., Thulsiraj, Vanessa, Madi, Tania, Hanley, Kaitlyn T., Ebentier, Darcy L., Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara, Layton, Blythe, Raith, Meredith, Boehm, Alexandria B., Griffith, John F., Holden, Patricia A., Shanks, Orin C., Weisberg, Stephen B., and Jay, Jennifer A.

Published
2014
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43. Respiratory virus concentrations in human excretions that contribute to wastewater: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author

Lowry, Sarah A., Wolfe, Marlene K., and Boehm, Alexandria B.

Subjects
BIOCHEMICAL oxygen demand, SEWAGE disposal plants, EXCRETION, SEWAGE, RESPIRATORY syncytial virus, MUCUS, PARAINFLUENZA viruses
Abstract

Concentrations of nucleic acids from a range of respiratory viruses in wastewater solids collected from wastewater treatment plants correlate to clinical data on disease occurrence in the community contributing to the wastewater. Viral nucleic acids enter wastewater from excretions deposited in toilets or drains. To relate measured concentrations in wastewater at a treatment plant to the number of community infections, viral nucleic-acid concentrations in human excretions are needed as inputs to a mass balance model. Here, we carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis to characterize the concentrations and presence of influenza A and B, respiratory syncytial virus, metapneumovirus, parainfluenza virus, rhinovirus, and seasonal coronaviruses in stool, urine, mucus, sputum, and saliva. We identified 220 data sets from 50 articles and reported viral concentrations and presence in these excretions. Data were unevenly distributed across virus type (with the most available for influenza) and excretion type (with the most available for respiratory excretions). Most articles only reported the presence or absence of the virus in a cross-sectional study design. There is a need for more concentration data, including longitudinal data, across all respiratory virus and excretion types. Such data would allow quantitatively linking virus wastewater concentrations to numbers of infected individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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44. High-frequency fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) observations to assess water quality drivers at an enclosed beach.

Author

Searcy, Ryan T., Phaneuf, Jacob R., and Boehm, Alexandria B.

Subjects
BEACHES, WATER quality, WATER quality monitoring, SHORELINE monitoring, WIND speed
Abstract

Fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) are monitored at beaches to assess water quality and associated health risk from recreational exposure. However, monitoring is generally conducted infrequently (i.e. weekly or less often), potentially leading to inaccurate assessment of water quality at a beach at the time of use. While some work has shown that FIB in marine environments can vary over short (e.g. subhourly) time scales, that work has been mainly focused on 'open' beaches. 'Enclosed' beaches—those that are partially barriered from exchange with offshore water and thus have different residence times and mixing dynamics in the nearshore environment—have been less studied. Here we present results from a high-frequency (once per 30 minutes) FIB sampling event conducted within a Central California, USA, harbor over 48 hours. FIB concentrations at this enclosed site were more variable at high-frequencies than what has been reported at open beach sites. Correlation and regression analyses showed FIB concentrations were most strongly associated with chlorophyll a concentration, turbidity, wind speed, and tide level. Results indicate the importance of measuring FIB concentrations and explanatory environmental parameters at appropriate temporal resolutions when conducting water quality monitoring or source tracking studies. Overall, this work highlights how high-frequency sampling can effectively provide information about water quality dynamics at beaches of interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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45. Divergence of wastewater SARS-CoV-2 and reported laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 incident case data coincident with wide-spread availability of at-home COVID-19 antigen tests.

Author

Boehm, Alexandria B., Wolfe, Marlene K., White, Bradley, Hughes, Bridgette, and Duong, Dorothea

Subjects
ANTIGEN analysis, COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 testing, SEWAGE, WASTE treatment, VIRUSES
Abstract

Concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater settled solids from publicly owned treatment works (POTWs) historically correlated strongly with laboratory confirmed incident COVID-19 case data. With the increased availability of at-home antigen tests since late 2021 and early 2022, laboratory test availability and test seeking behavior has decreased. In the United States, the results from at-home antigen tests are not typically reportable to public health agencies and thus are not counted in case reports. As a result, the number of reported laboratory-confirmed incident COVID-19 cases has decreased dramatically, even during times of increased test positivity rates and wastewater concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Herein, we tested whether the correlative relationship between wastewater concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and reported laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 incidence rate has changed since 1 May 2022, a point in time immediately before the onset of the BA.2/BA.5 surge, the first surge to begin after at-home antigen test availability was high in the region. We used daily data from three POTWs in the Greater San Francisco Bay Area of California, USA for the analysis. We found that although there is a significant positive association between wastewater measurements and incident rate data collected after 1 May 2022, the parameters describing the relationship are different than those describing the relationship between the data collected prior to 1 May 2022. If laboratory test seeking or availability continues to change, the relationship between wastewater and reported case data will continue to change. Our results suggest, assuming SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding remains relatively stable among those infected with the virus as different variants emerge, that wastewater concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA can be used to estimate COVID-19 cases as they would have been during the time when laboratory testing availability and test seeking behavior were at a high (here, before 1 May 2022) using the historical relationship between SARS-CoV-2 RNA and COVID-19 case data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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47. Enveloped and non-enveloped virus survival on microfiber towels.

Author

Anderson, Claire E., Wolfe, Marlene K., and Boehm, Alexandria B.

Subjects
VIRUS inactivation, DECAY constants, TOWELS, INFECTIOUS disease transmission, HAND washing, HIGH temperatures
Abstract

Background. Handwashing is an important intervention which can reduce indirect disease transmission, however soap and water for handwashing purposes is not available in some low-resource regions. When handwashing with soap and water is not possible, individuals may use alternatives such as the Supertowel (a microfiber towel with an antimicrobial coating). Testing of viral inactivation as a result of antimicrobial treatment on the Supertowel, however, has been limited. The goal of this study is to provide information about the performance of the Supertowel's antimicrobial treatment against viruses, which will help inform the use of the towels as handwashing alternatives. Methods. We seeded the Supertowel and a regular microfiber towel with two bacteriophages (enveloped Phi6 and non-enveloped MS2) and monitored viral inactivation over time. Additionally, we assessed if temperature, humidity, whether the towel was initially wet or dry, or virus type had an effect on viral decay rate constants. Virus concentrations were measured repeatedly over 24 h. Results. We found that neither towel type (whether the towel was a Supertowel or a regular microfiber towel) nor humidity were significant variables in our model of decay rate constants (P =0:06 and P =0:22, respectively). We found that the variables of temperature, whether towels were initially wet versus dry, and virus type were significantly different from 0, suggesting that these variables explained variance in the decay rate constant (P = 6:55×10-13, P = 0:001, and P < 2×10-16, respectively). Higher temperatures, dry towels, and enveloped viruses all resulted in increases in the decay rate constant. Conclusions. Viruses seeded onto a Supertowel decay similar to viruses seeded onto a regular towel indicating that the virucidal potential of the Supertowel is minimal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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49. Multi-laboratory evaluations of the performance of Catellicoccus marimammalium PCR assays developed to target gull fecal sources

Author

Sinigalliano, Christopher D., Ervin, Jared S., Van De Werfhorst, Laurie C., Badgley, Brian D., Ballesté, Elisenda, Bartkowiak, Jakob, Boehm, Alexandria B., Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara, Goodwin, Kelly D., Gourmelon, Michèle, Griffith, John, Holden, Patricia A., Jay, Jenny, Layton, Blythe, Lee, Cheonghoon, Lee, Jiyoung, Meijer, Wim G., Noble, Rachel, Raith, Meredith, Ryu, Hodon, Sadowsky, Michael J., Schriewer, Alexander, Wang, Dan, Wanless, David, Whitman, Richard, Wuertz, Stefan, and Santo Domingo, Jorge W.

Published
2013
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