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Qian Ye, Ke-Jun Chen, Meng Jia, Sheng Fang Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Sheng FangDepartment of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail fangshengderm@163.comObjective: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and histopathological characteristics of seborrheic keratosis (SK) with secondary tumor and identify associated factors.Methods: This study was a monocentric retrospective case-control study describing the factors associated with the development of tumors in SK. A total of 1365 patients with SK were admitted to our department between 2018 and 2021. All of the histopathological specimens and medical records of these patients were reviewed. We compared the data of 36 patients with tumors arising in SK with those of the remaining 1329 patients with only SK, which were designated the control group.Results: The incidence of tumors arising in SK that were biopsied was 2.6%. The tumor types included squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and keratoacanthoma (KA). Compared with other patients with SK, elderly patients with immunosuppression, patients presenting surrounding erythema or ulceration, and those with SK in exposed areas had an increased possibility of developing a secondary tumor. Tumors arising within SK have the histopathological features of ulceration, cytologic atypia, mitosis, “malignant horn”, trabecular cell cords, solar elastosis and severe inflammatory infiltration in the dermis.Conclusion: SK can show malignant progression in a small fraction of SK cases that are biopsied. This study is the first report on the clinical and histopathological characteristics of tumors arising in SK and identifies relevant factors in an Asian population.Keywords: seborrheic keratosis, tumor

Meng Jia, Feng-Zeng Li, Qian Ye, Ke-Jun Chen, Sheng Fang Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Sheng FangDepartment of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail fangshengderm@163.comBackground: Heat shock proteins (HSPs), a group of heat stress proteins, are characterized by highly conserved properties. Malignant transformation is a cellular stress, and the expression of HSPs may be affected during this process. Heat shock protein 105 (HSP105) is a protective protein that has long been observed in many cancer types, but little attention has been given to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). As such, the objectives of this study were to observe the expression of HSP105 on CSCC and evaluate its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics.Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 60 patients with CSCC. The patients’ clinical data, including sex, age, tumor location, tumor type, and degree of pathological differentiation, were collected. The expression of HSP105 was measured by Western blot and immunohistochemical staining.Results: HSP105 expression was decreased in CSCC (HSCORE=0.65 (0.30, 1.98)) compared with normal skin (HSCORE=2.20 (1.50, 2.80)) (P< 0.001). These results were consistent with the Western blot analysis. HSP105 immunostaining of Bowen disease (HSCORE=1.28 (1.08, 2.40)) revealed higher expression than in verrucous carcinoma (HSCORE=0.30 (0.23, 0.85)), keratoacanthoma (HSCORE=0.53 (0.29, 0.93)) and acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma (HSCORE=0.53 (0.41, 0.68) (P< 0.01)). Poorly differentiated CSCC showed significantly higher expression of HSP105.Conclusion: Our study reveals for the first time that the expression of HSP105 is decreased in CSCC. We suggest that the molecular

Liang-Jian Hong, Ai-Jun Chen, Feng-Zeng Li, Ke-Jun Chen, Sheng Fang Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Sheng FangDepartment of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail fangshengderm@163.comObjective: To explore the molecular mechanism of 17-AAG in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and the effects of the heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor 17-AAG on the activation and proliferation of lymphocytes and the AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway in MRL/lpr mice were detected.Methods: MRL/lpr mice were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group. The experimental group was injected intraperitoneally with 17-AAG, and T lymphocytes were separated by magnetic beads. Lymphocyte proliferation was detected by MTT and flow cytometry (FCM), and the expression of the HSP90 protein and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway-related proteins was detected by Western blotting. Renal histopathology and immune complex deposition were also observed in both groups.Results: Immune complex deposition and inflammation decreased in kidneys from MRL/lpr mice in the experimental group. HSP90 protein expression, T lymphocyte proliferation and phosphorylated AKT and GSK3β levels also decreased in the experimental group.Conclusion: 17-AAG can inhibit the activation and proliferation of T lymphocytes and downregulate the AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway, which may be relevant for the treatment of SLE.Keywords: 17-AAG, HSP90, AKT, lupus, activation