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11. Safety and microbiological activity of phage therapy in persons with cystic fibrosis colonized with Pseudomonas aeruginosa: study protocol for a phase 1b/2, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Author

Tamma, Pranita D., Souli, Maria, Billard, Michael, Campbell, Joseph, Conrad, Douglas, Ellison, Damon W., Evans, Beth, Evans, Scott R., Greenwood-Quaintance, Kerryl E., Filippov, Andrey A., Geres, Holly S., Hamasaki, Toshimitsu, Komarow, Lauren, Nikolich, Mikeljon P., Lodise, Thomas P., Nayak, Seema U., Norice-Tra, Carmelle, Patel, Robin, Pride, David, Russell, Janie, Van Tyne, Daria, Chambers, Henry F., FowlerJr, Vance G., and Schooley, Robert T.

Published
2022
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15. Clinical outcomes and bacterial characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae complex among patients from different global regions (CRACKLE-2): a prospective, multicentre, cohort study

Author

Abbo, Lilian M, Anderson, Deverick J, Arias, Rebekka, Arias, Cesar A, Baum, Keri, Bonomo, Robert A, Chambers, Henry F, Chen, Liang, Chew, Kean Lee, Cober, Eric, Cross, Heather R, De, Partha Pratim, Desai, Samit, Dhar, Sorabh, Di Castelnuovo, Valentina, Diaz, Lorena, Dinh, AN Q, Doi, Yohei, Earley, Michelle, Eilertson, Brandon, Evans, Beth, Evans, Scott, Fowler Jr, Vance G, Fries, Bettina C, Gao, Hainv, Garcia-Diaz, Julia, Garner, Omai B, Greenwood-Quaintance, Kerryl, Hanson, Blake, Herc, Erica, Hill, Carol, Jacob, Jesse T, Jiang, Jianping, Kalayjian, Robert C, Kanj, Souha S, Kaye, Keith S, Kim, Angela, Komarow, Lauren, Kreiswirth, Barry N, Lauterbach, Courtney, Li, Lanjuan, Liu, Zhengyin, Manca, Claudia, Marimuthu, Kalisvar, Marshall, Steven H, McCarty, Todd, Munita, Jose, Ng, Oon Tek, Oñate Gutierrez, Jose Millan, Ordoñez, Karen, Patel, Robin, Paterson, David L, Peleg, Anton, Reyes, Jinnethe, Rudin, Susan D, Salata, Robert A, Salcedo, Soraya, Satlin, Michael J, Schmidt-Malan, Suzannah, Smitasin, Nares, Spencer, Maria, Stryjewski, Martin, Su, Jiachun, Tambyah, Paul Ananth, Valderrama, Sandra, van Duin, David, Villegas Botero, Maria Virginia, Wang, Minggui, Waters, Mary, Weston, Greg, Wong, Darren, Wortmann, Glenn, Yang, Yang, Yu, Yunsong, Zhang, Fujie, Hanson, Blake M, Munita, Jose M, Valderrama-Beltrán, Sandra L, Stryjewski, Martin E, Luterbach, Courtney, Marshall, Steve H, Villegas, Maria V, and Fowler, Vance G, Jr

Published
2022
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24. Duke Infective Endocarditis Criteria 3.0 for the Clinician: Defining What Is Possible.

Author

Chambers, Henry F, Zhang, ShanShan, and Evans, Scott

Subjects
INFECTIVE endocarditis, DECISION making in clinical medicine, CLINICAL pathology, SENSITIVITY & specificity (Statistics), HEALTH care teams
Abstract

The article focuses on the updated Duke criteria for diagnosing infective endocarditis, comparing the 2000 and 2023 versions in terms of sensitivity, specificity and clinical decision-making regarding possible endocarditis cases. Topics include the criteria's evolution; validation studies comparing their performance; and strategies for optimizing clinical decisions based on sensitivity-specificity tradeoffs and prevalence of endocarditis pathogens.

Published
2024
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26. Moving Beyond Mortality: Development and Application of a Desirability of Outcome Ranking (DOOR) Endpoint for Hospital-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia and Ventilator-Associated Bacterial Pneumonia.

Author

Howard-Anderson, Jessica, Hamasaki, Toshimitsu, Dai, Weixiao, Collyar, Deborah, Rubin, Daniel, Nambiar, Sumathi, Kinamon, Tori, Leister-Tebbe, Heidi, Hill, Carol, Geres, Holly, Holland, Thomas L, Doernberg, Sarah B, Chambers, Henry F, Fowler, Vance G, Evans, Scott R, Boucher, Helen W, and Group, for the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership

Subjects
ANTIBIOTICS, ANTIMICROBIAL stewardship, PNEUMONIA, CONFIDENCE intervals, HEALTH outcome assessment, VANCOMYCIN, NOSOCOMIAL infections, LINEZOLID, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, RESEARCH funding, VENTILATOR-associated pneumonia
Abstract

Background Hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (HABP/VABP) are frequently caused by multidrug-resistant organisms. Patient-centered endpoints in clinical trials are needed to develop new antibiotics for HABP/VABP. Desirability of outcome ranking (DOOR) is a paradigm for the design, analysis, and interpretation of clinical trials based on a patient-centered, benefit-risk evaluation. Methods A multidisciplinary committee created an infectious diseases DOOR endpoint customized for HABP/VABP, incorporating infectious complications, serious adverse events, and mortality. We applied this to 2 previously completed, large randomized controlled trials for HABP/VABP. ZEPHyR compared vancomycin to linezolid and VITAL compared linezolid to tedizolid. For each trial, we evaluated the DOOR distribution and probability, including DOOR component and partial credit analyses. We also applied DOOR in subgroup analyses. Results In both trials, the HABP/VABP DOOR demonstrated similar overall clinical outcomes between treatment groups. In ZEPHyR, the probability that a participant treated with linezolid would have a more desirable outcome than a participant treated with vancomycin was 50.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 45.1%-−55.3%). In VITAL, the probability that a participant treated with tedizolid would have a more desirable outcome than a participant treated with linezolid was 48.7% (95% CI, 44.8%–52.6%). The DOOR component analysis revealed that participants treated with tedizolid had a less desirable outcome than those treated with linezolid when considering clinical response alone. However, participants with decreased renal function had improved overall outcomes with tedizolid. Conclusions The HABP/VABP DOOR provided more granular information about clinical outcomes than is typically presented in clinical trials. HABP/VABP trials would benefit from prospectively using DOOR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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27. Molecular and clinical epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales in the USA (CRACKLE-2): a prospective cohort study

Author

van Duin, David, Arias, Cesar A, Komarow, Lauren, Chen, Liang, Hanson, Blake M, Weston, Gregory, Cober, Eric, Garner, Omai B, Jacob, Jesse T, Satlin, Michael J, Fries, Bettina C, Garcia-Diaz, Julia, Doi, Yohei, Dhar, Sorabh, Kaye, Keith S, Earley, Michelle, Hujer, Andrea M, Hujer, Kristine M, Domitrovic, T Nicholas, Shropshire, William C, Dinh, An, Manca, Claudia, Luterbach, Courtney L, Wang, Minggui, Paterson, David L, Banerjee, Ritu, Patel, Robin, Evans, Scott, Hill, Carol, Arias, Rebekka, Chambers, Henry F, Fowler, Vance G, Jr, Kreiswirth, Barry N, and Bonomo, Robert A

Published
2020
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31. EXAMINING THE MOVEMENT OF THE COMMON SPIDER CONCH LAMBIS LAMBIS IN SHALLOW WATER OF A NORTHEASTERN INDIAN OCEAN ATOLL USING PASSIVE ACOUSTIC TRACKING

Author

Konzewitsch, Nick and Evans, Scott N.

Subjects
Fisheries, Oceans, Biological sciences, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Despite the commercial and cultural values of conch (family: Strombidae), there is a paucity of biological and ecological information to assist with the management of many conch fisheries. The common spider conch Lambis lambis, harvested throughout the Indo-Pacific for its meat and shell, is an example of such a data-deficient conch species. This study used passive acoustic tracking to estimate the spatial requirement and broad movement patterns of L. lambis over a 13-mo period in an extremely shallow (depth < 2 m) lagoonal environment of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (CKI). The mean kernel utilization density home range for L. lambis during the study period was estimated at 18,059 [+ or -] 3,298 [m.sup.2] (n = 14). The mean home range was also estimated monthly and was found to be significantly larger in January (austral summer) than in the preceding October and November, likely a function of the reproductive cycle of L. lambis at CKI. Estimated home range size and animal size were not found to be correlated, and there were no observed differences between the sexes. The results show that, in an environment of preferable habitat with adequate resources, L. lambis have a home range that is relatively small when compared with studies of the Caribbean queen conch Lobatus gigas. The information on the spatial requirement and movement ecology for L. lambis at CKI from this study will assist with informing management techniques, not only for this fishery but also for other small conch fisheries worldwide. KEY WORDS: Lambis lambis, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Strombidae, telemetry, home range, mollusc, gastropod, INTRODUCTION Conchs (family: Strombidae) are of high economic and cultural importance throughout their distribution but are also known to be vulnerable to overexploitation (Berthou et al. 2009, Cob et al. [...]

Published
2020
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34. The state of Western Australia’s coral reefs

Author

Gilmour, James P., Cook, Kylie L., Ryan, Nicole M., Puotinen, Marjetta L., Green, Rebecca H., Shedrawi, George, Hobbs, Jean-Paul A., Thomson, Damian P., Babcock, Russell C., Buckee, Joanna, Foster, Taryn, Richards, Zoe T., Wilson, Shaun K., Barnes, Peter B., Coutts, Teresa B., Radford, Ben T., Piggott, Camilla H., Depczynski, Martial, Evans, Scott N., Schoepf, Verena, Evans, Richard D., Halford, Andrew R., Nutt, Christopher D., Bancroft, Kevin P., Heyward, Andrew J., and Oades, Daniel

Published
2019
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37. Association of Preoperative Lung Function with Complications after Lobectomy Using Race-Neutral and Race-Specific Normative Equations.

Author

Sheshadri, Ajay, Rajaram, Ravi, Baugh, Aaron, Castro, Mario, Correa, Arlene M., Soto, Felipe, Daniel, Carrie R., Liang Li, Evans, Scott E., Dickey, Burton F., Vaporciyan, Ara A., and Ost, David E.

Subjects
LUNGS, NON-small-cell lung carcinoma, LOBECTOMY (Lung surgery), FORCED expiratory volume, PULMONARY function tests, SURGICAL complications
Abstract

Rationale: Pulmonary function testing (PFT) is performed to aid patient selection before surgical resection for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The interpretation of PFT data relies on normative equations, which vary by race, but the relative strength of association of lung function using race-specific or race-neutral normative equations with postoperative pulmonary complications is unknown. Objectives: To compare the strength of association of lung function, using race-neutral or race-specific equations, with surgical complications after lobectomy for NSCLC. Methods: We studied 3,311 patients who underwent lobectomy for NSCLC and underwent preoperative PFT from 2001 to 2021. We used Global Lung Function Initiative equations to generate race-specific and race-neutral normative equations to calculate percentage predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1%). The primary outcome of interest was the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications within 30 days of surgery. We used unadjusted and race-adjusted logistic regression models and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analyses adjusted for relevant comorbidities to measure the association of race-specific and race-neutral FEV1% with pulmonary complications. Results: Thirty-one percent of patients who underwent surgery experienced pulmonary complications. Higher FEV1, whether measured with race-neutral (odds ratio [OR], 0.98 per 1% change in FEV1% [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.98-0.99]; P,0.001) or race-specific (OR, 0.98 per 1% change in FEV1% [95% CI, 0.98-0.98]; P,0.001) normative equations, was associated with fewer postoperative pulmonary complications. The area under the receiver operator curve for pulmonary complications was similar for race-adjusted race-neutral (0.60) and race-specific (0.60) models. Using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression, higher FEV1% was similarly associated with a lower rate of pulmonary complications in race-neutral (OR, 0.99 per 1% [95% CI, 0.98-0.99]) and race-specific (OR, 0.99 per 1%; 95% CI, 0.98-0.99) models. The marginal effect of race on pulmonary complications was attenuated in all race-specific models compared with all race-neutral models. Conclusions: The choice of race-specific or race-neutral normative PFT equations does not meaningfully affect the association of lung function with pulmonary complications after lobectomy for NSCLC, but the use of race-neutral equations unmasks additional effects of self-identified race on pulmonary complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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38. Effect of epithelial-specific MyD88 signaling pathway on airway inflammatory response to organic dust exposure.

Author

Johnson, Amber N., Dickinson, John, Nelson, Amy, Gaurav, Rohit, Kudrna, Katrina, Evans, Scott E., Janike, Katherine, Wyatt, Todd A., and Poole, Jill A.

Subjects
MICROBIOLOGICAL aerosols, LUNGS, ENDOTOXINS, MYELOID differentiation factor 88, IMMUNOGLOBULIN E, TUMOR necrosis factors, CELLULAR signal transduction, AIRWAY (Anatomy)
Abstract

The Toll-like receptor (TLR) adaptor protein MyD88 is integral to airway inflammatory response to microbial- enriched organic dust extract (ODE) exposures. ODE-induced airway neutrophil influx and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines was essentially abrogated in global MyD88-deficient mice, yet these mice demonstrate an increase in airway epithelial cell mucin expression. To further elucidate the role of MyD88-dependent responses specific to lung airway epithelial cells in response to ODE in vivo, the surfactant protein C protein (SPC) Cre+ embryologic expressing airway epithelial cells floxed for MyD88 to disrupt MyD88 signaling were utilized. The inducible club cell secretory protein (CCSP) Cre+, MyD88 floxed, were also developed. Using an established protocol, mice were intranasally instilled with ODE or saline once or daily up to 3weeks. Mice with MyD88-deficient SPC+ lung epithelial cells exhibited decreased neutrophil influx following ODE exposure once and repetitively for 1week without modulation of classic pro-inflammatory mediators including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, interleukin (IL)-6, and neutrophil chemoattractants. This protective response was lost after 3weeks of repetitive exposure. ODE-induced Muc5ac mucin expression at 1 week was also reduced in MyD88-deficient SPC+ cells. Acute ODE-induced IL-33 was reduced in MyD88-deficient SPC+ cells whereas serum IgE levels were increased at one week. In contrast, mice with inducible MyD88-deficient CCSP+ airway epithelial cells demonstrated no significant difference in experimental indices following ODE exposure. Collectively, these findings suggest that MyD88-dependent signaling targeted to all airway epithelial cells plays an important role in mediating neutrophil influx and mucin production in response to acute organic dust exposures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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39. Spatial distributions of Tribrachidium, Rugoconites, and Obamus from the Ediacara Member (Rawnsley Quartzite), South Australia.

Author

Boan, Phillip C., Evans, Scott D., Hall, Christine M. S., and Droser, Mary L.

Abstract

Copyright of Paleobiology is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2023
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46. Colistin Resistance in Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: Laboratory Detection and Impact on Mortality

Author

Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group, Rojas, Laura J., Salim, Madiha, Cober, Eric, Richter, Sandra S., Perez, Federico, Salata, Robert A., Kalayjian, Robert C., Watkins, Richard R., Marshall, Steve, Rudin, Susan D., Domitrovic, T. Nicholas, Hujer, Andrea M., Hujer, Kristine M., Doi, Yohei, Kaye, Keith S., Evans, Scott, Fowler, Vance G., Bonomo, Robert A., and van Duin, David

Published
2017

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