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BACKGROUND: Macular retinoschisis in patients with high myopia is one of the main reasons for a decline in visual function and the perceived deformation of visual objects. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of cataract phacoemulsification and foldable intraocular lens implantation (FILI) combined with internal limiting membrane stripping (ILMS) in the treatment of macular retinoschisis in patients with high myopia. METHODS: A total of 52 patients (55 eyes) who had been diagnosed with macular retinoschisis with high myopia between June 2019 and June 2020 were enrolled in the present study. Patients in the control group (25 eyes) received 23G vitreous surgery and macular ILMS and long-term inert gas (C3F8) filling of the vitreous cavity; patients in the research group (30 eyes) were additionally treated with cataract phacoemulsification and soft intraocular lens on the same treatment basis as the control group. RESULTS: The difference in average BCVA between the control and the research groups was not statistically significant before the surgery (P > 0.05) but was statistically significant 12 months after the procedure (P < 0.05). The minimum foveal thickness was significantly decreased in the two groups after the surgery compared with before the procedure (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Cataract phacoemulsification and FILI further improved the therapeutic effect of ILMS in the treatment of macular retinoschisis in patients with high myopia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was conducted to obtain reference values for brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and to evaluate influencing factors of baPWV according to gender. Using automatic devices, baPWV was measured simultaneously in 2095 subjects. A total of 647 healthy subjects, none of whom presented atherosclerotic risk factors, were analyzed in the present study. Two different statistical methods were used to obtain reference values for baPWV according to subject gender and age. The association between baPWV value and gender, as well as other features, were analyzed. For male subjects, multiple stepwise analysis showed that age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate (HR), and plasma levels of triglycerides (TG) were independent predictors of baPWV. For female subjects, age, SBP, HR, and plasma levels of uric acid (UA) were independent predictors of baPWV. In male subjects, the upper limits of baPWV values were 1497.43/1425.00, 1518.67/1513.25, 1715.97/1726.50, 1925.20/1971.90, and 2310.18/2115.00 cm/s, obtained using two different statistical methods for the age ranges of 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, and 70 and older, respectively. For females, the upper limits of baPWV values were 1426.70/1411.13, 1559.15/1498.95, 1733.50/1739.00, 1958.63/1973.78, and 2720.80/2577.00 cm/s for the age ranges of 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, and 70 and older, respectively. Aging is the most important influencing factor for baPWV value and its effect is more prominent in females. The reference values of baPWV according to age and gender may be useful for the clinical diagnosis and preventive therapy of cardiovascular diseases.

A new hybrid perovskite of [FCH2CH2NH3][Mn(HCOO)3] has been successfully prepared by utilizing the ammonium of FCH2CH2NH3+, and it is the first example incorporating F‐substituted ammonium in the class of ammonium metal formate framework. The compound crystallizes in polar, orthorhombic space group Pna21, and the cell parameters are a=8.5901(3)–8.7158(6), b=8.4613(3)–8.5216(6), c=12.4837(4)–12.6106(9) Å and V=907.36(5)–936.6(1) Å3 from 80 K up to 410 K just before the decomposition, showing positive thermal expansions in all directions and no structural phase transition in the temperature region. The FCH2CH2NH3+ cation in the cavity of the NaCl‐like Mn‐formate framework adopts N−C−C−F gauche conformation, and its NH3+ and F ends are anchored to the anionic framework by N−H⋅⋅⋅O and C−H⋅⋅⋅F H‐bonds. The large dislocation of the NH3+ end from the anionic framework, about 1.4 Å, results in an estimated high electric polarization about 10 μCcm−2 for the polar structure. The material is also a spin‐canted antiferromagnet with the Néel temperature of 8.3 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new hybrid perovskite of [FCH2CH2NH3][Mn(HCOO)3] has been successfully prepared by utilizing the ammonium of FCH2CH2NH3+, and it is the first example incorporating F‐substituted ammonium in the class of ammonium metal formate framework. The compound crystallizes in polar, orthorhombic space group Pna21, and the cell parameters are a=8.5901(3)–8.7158(6), b=8.4613(3)–8.5216(6), c=12.4837(4)–12.6106(9) Å and V=907.36(5)–936.6(1) Å3 from 80 K up to 410 K just before the decomposition, showing positive thermal expansions in all directions and no structural phase transition in the temperature region. The FCH2CH2NH3+ cation in the cavity of the NaCl‐like Mn‐formate framework adopts N−C−C−F gauche conformation, and its NH3+ and F ends are anchored to the anionic framework by N−H⋅⋅⋅O and C−H⋅⋅⋅F H‐bonds. The large dislocation of the NH3+ end from the anionic framework, about 1.4 Å, results in an estimated high electric polarization about 10 μCcm−2 for the polar structure. The material is also a spin‐canted antiferromagnet with the Néel temperature of 8.3 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: intraoperative optical coherence tomography; epiretinal membrane; inner limiting membrane EN intraoperative optical coherence tomography epiretinal membrane inner limiting membrane 6499 6505 7 10/04/22 20220801 NES 220801 Introduction Macular epiretinal membrane (ERM) is a layer of transparent, non-vascular fibrotic tissue attached to the surface of the retina, and is formed by the migration of astrocytes, Müller cells and pigment epithelial cells. Air tamponade was performed in 4 eyes because of the tight adhesion between the anterior membrane and the retina during the operation, the relative difficulty of membrane peeling and the severe macular edema after membrane peeling. It has been reported that macular epiretinal membrane combined with internal limiting membrane peeling and simple macular epiretinal membrane peeling have advantages in the restoration of macular foveal structure and the reduction of foveal thickness, and in the macular microvision after surgery. In conclusion, iOCT-assisted staining-free surgery for macular epiretinal membranes can successfully find the starting point of epiretinal membrane stripping and visualize the changes in macular microstructure, but some idiopathic macular epiretinal membranes still need ILM stripping. [Extracted from the article]

[Foxp3.sup.+] regulatory T ([T.sub.reg]) cells suppress different types of immune responses to help maintain homeostasis in the body. How [T.sub.reg] cells regulate humoral immunity, including germinal center reactions, is unclear. Here we identify a subset of [T.sub.reg] cells expressing CXCR5 and Bcl-6 that localize to the germinal centers in mice and humans. The expression of CXCR5 on [T.sub.reg] cells depends on Bcl-6. These [CXCR5.sup.+][Bcl-6.sup.+] [T.sub.reg] cells are absent in the thymus but can be generated de novo from CXCR5-[Foxp3.sup.+] natural [T.sub.reg] precursors. A lack of CXCR5+ [T.sub.reg] cells leads to greater germinal center reactions including germinal center B cells, affinity maturation of antibodies and the differentiation of plasma cells. These results unveil a Bcl-6-CXCR5 axis in [T.sub.reg] cells that drives the development of follicular regulatory T ([T.sub.FR]) cells that function to inhibit the germinal center reactions., The vertebrate immune system contains a unique subset of T cells expressing Foxp3 that prevent autoimmunity against self antigens and exaggerated immune responses. Deficiency of Foxp3 in humans results in [...]