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Laser‐driven white light exhibits exceptional brightness and directionality, making it particularly well‐suited for spotlight applications. Yet, attaining high‐quality white light remains challenging due to the sluggish heat dispersion and inconsistent light uniformity of color converters. In this study, an innovative phosphor‐in‐glass (PiG) film architecture is introduced, aiming to achieve superior quality laser‐driven light, where the traditional Y3(Ga,Al)5O12:Ce3+ (YAGG:Ce3+) PiG film is topped with a Al2O3‐in‐glass (AiG) film. The heightened thermal conductivity of the AiG film facilitates quicker dissipation of heat, consequently elevating the luminescence saturation threshold from 14 to 16 W mm−2 and luminous flux from 1243.8 to 1475.9 lm. The increased light scattering attributed to the AiG film also effectively disperses both laser and emitted light, significantly enhancing the angular consistency of color rendering index (Ra). This improvement is evident as the coefficient of variation (Cv) decreases dramatically from 16.69% to 0.25%. Moreover, by integrating CaAlSiN3:Eu2+ (CASN:Eu2+) into the PiG film and fine‐tuning the YAGG:Ce3+ and CASN:Eu2+ ratio, a high‐quality laser‐driven white light achieving an impressive color rendering index (Ra) of 88.7 and offering an adjustable correlated color temperature (CCT) has been developed. This innovation holds tremendous potential as a versatile spotlight solution for both indoor and outdoor settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the experiments of isothermal forging wedge-shaped samples, Deform-3D numerical simulation software was used to confirm the strain distribution in the wedge-shaped samples. The effect of deforming temperature and strain on abnormal grain growth(AGG) in extruded FGH96 superalloy was examined. It is found that when the forging speed is 0.04 mm/s,the critical AGG occurring temperature is 1100℃,and the critical strain is 2%.AGG does not occur within 1000-1070℃,but still shows the feature of ‘critical strain’,and the region with strain of 5%-10% has the largest average grain size.AGG can be avoided and the uniform fine grains can be gained when the strain is not less than 15%.

This paper proposes an exploratory study on the preparation of titanium-based superalloys through the Ti+Al+Ti2AlNb three-component hybrid hot press sintering method. Through the hot press sintering experiment of the mixed powder under different heating and sintering processes, the plastic deformation behavior of the material is carried out on this basis Research, preliminarily discuss the constitutive relationship of the new high-temperature titanium alloy Ti-Al-Nb, establish the hot working map and recrystallization model.

Based on the hot-pressing sintering process, the kinetics of hot-pressing sintering crystal grain growth and the hot-pressing sintering densification kinetics, the mixing ratio of the raw material powder and the hot-pressing sintering system are designed. The pressure is maintained at 30 MPa from the temperature rise to the end of the sintering process, and wait until the temperature reaches the corresponding hot pressing sintering temperature (1200°C~1400°C), keep the corresponding time for 1.5h~4.5h, stop heating and depressurize, and the alloy billet is cooled to room temperature with the furnace. The main phases of Ti2AlNb powder and hot pressing sintering process are TiAl and Ti3Al.

Barrier coverage is a fundamental application in wireless sensor networks, which are widely used for smart cities. In applications, the sensors form a barrier for the intruders and protect an area through intrusion detection. In this paper, we study a new branch of barrier coverage, namely warning barrier coverage (WBC). Different from the classic barrier coverage, WBC has the inverse protect direction, which moves the sensors surrounding a dangerous region and protects any unexpected visitors by warning them away from the dangers. WBC holds a promising prospect in many danger keep out applications for smart cities. For example, a WBC can enclose the debris area in the sea and alarm any approaching ships in order to avoid their damaging propellers. One special feature of WBC is that the target region is usually dangerous and its boundary is previously unknown. Hence, the scattered mobile nodes need to detect the boundary and form the barrier coverage themselves. It is challenging to form these distributed sensor nodes into a barrier because a node can sense only the local information and there is no global information of the unknown region or other nodes. To this end, in response to the newly proposed issue of the formation of barrier cover, we propose a novel solution AutoBar for mobile sensor nodes to automatically form a WBC for smart cities. Notably, this is the first work to trigger the coverage problem of the alarm barrier, wherein the regional information is not pre-known. To pursue the high coverage quality, we theoretically derive the optimal distribution pattern of sensor nodes using convex theory. Based on the analysis, we design a fully distributed algorithm that enables nodes to collaboratively move toward the optimal distribution pattern. In addition, AutoBar is able to reorganize the barrier even if any node is broken. To validate the feasibility of AutoBar, we develop the prototype of the specialized mobile node, which consists of two kinds of sensors: one for boundary detection and another for visitor detection. Based on the prototype, we conduct extensive real trace-driven simulations in various smart city scenarios. Performance results demonstrate that AutoBar outperforms the existing barrier coverage strategies in terms of coverage quality, formation duration, and communication overhead. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Fibulin-like extracellular matrix protein 2 (EFEMP2) has been reported to be related to the progression of various cancers. We have previously reported that EFEMP2 was highly expressed in ovarian cancer and was strongly associated with poor prognosis in patients. This study intends to further explore its interacting proteins and possible downstream signaling pathways. Method: The expression of EFEMP2 was detected by RT-qPCR, ICC and western blot in 4 kinds of ovarian cancer cells with different migration and invasion ability. Cell models with strong or weak EFEMP2 expression were constructed by lentivirus transfection. The effects of the down-regulation and up-regulation of EFEMP2 on the biological behavior of ovarian cancer cells were studied through in-vitro and in-vivo functional tests. The phosphorylation pathway profiling array and KEGG database analyses identified the downstream EGFR/ERK1/2/c-Jun signaling pathway and the programmed death-1 (PD-L1) pathway enrichment. Additionally, the protein interaction between EFEMP2 and EGFR was detected by immunoprecipitation. Result: EFEMP2 was positively correlated with the invasion ability of ovarian cancer cells, its down-regulation inhibited the migrative, invasive and cloning capacity of cancer cells in vitro and suppressed the tumor proliferation and intraperitoneal diffusion in vivo, while its up-regulation did the opposite. Moreover, EFEMP2 could bind to EGFR to induce PD-L1 regulation in ovarian cancer, which was caused by the activation of EGFR/ERK1/2/c-Jun signaling. Similar to EFEMP2, PD-L1 was also highly expressed in aggressive cells and had the ability to promote the invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo, and PD-L1 upregulation was partly caused by EFEMP2 activation. Afatinib combined with trametinib had an obvious effect of inhibiting the intraperitoneal diffusion of ovarian cancer cells, especially in the group with low expression of EFEMP2, while overexpression of PD-L1 could reverse this phenomenon. Conclusion: EFEMP2 could bind to EGFR to activate ERK1/2/c-Jun pathway and regulate PD-L1 expression, furthermore PD-L1 was extremely essential for EFEMP2 to promote ovarian cancer cells invasion and dissemination in vitro and in vivo. Targeted therapy against the source gene EFEMP2 is our future research direction, which may better inhibit the invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exploration and identification of new brassinosteroid (BR) compounds is critical to improve the biosynthetic research of BRs and expand the chemodiversity of active BRs. However, traditional methods are labor-intensive, time-consuming, and less sensitive. Here, we present a facile screening strategy for discovering and identifying novel BRs from plant tissues based on ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). A total of 14 potential BRs were discovered from only 1 g of rice tissues and structurally elucidated by following a MS-based clue, acquired through multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) data-dependent enhanced product ion (EPI) scan, high resolution MS, and MS survey-dependent MS/MS. One of the 14 candidates was identified as 6-deoxo-28-homotyphasterol, a brand new BR compound that is reported for the first time in the BRs biosynthesis pathway. Detailed comparison with reference standards and quantitative level analysis in rice BRs mutants confirmed the availability of the other candidates. This effective, yet simple method provides an efficient way to find more and more chemically new BR biosynthetic intermediates in plants, which is significant for complementing the biosynthesis and metabolism network of BRs. This strategy may also be used to discover unknown compounds of other plant hormone species as well as their key metabolites.

Studies of light meson decays are important tools to perform precision tests of the effective field theories, determine transition form factors and test fundamental symmetries. With very high statistics data samples, the Beijing Spectrometer III (BESIII) experiment provides a unique laboratory for light meson studies and is contributing significantly to a variety of these investigations. A brief review of recent progress in light meson decay studied at the BESIII experiment, including detailed studies of common decay dynamics, searches for rare/forbidden decays and new particles, is presented. Finally, together with descriptions of different experimental techniques, prospects for future studies of light mesons are discussed in some detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Ammonium (NH4+) is toxic to root growth in most plants, even at moderate concentrations. Transcriptional regulation is one of the most important mechanisms in the response of plants to NH4+ toxicity, but the nature of the involvement of transcription factors (TFs) in this regulation remains unclear.Here, RNA‐seq analysis was performed on Arabidopsis roots to screen for ammonium‐responsive TFs. WRKY46, the member of the WRKY transcription factor family most responsive to NH4+, was selected. We defined the role of WRKY46 using mutation and overexpression assays, and characterized the regulation of NUDX9 and indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA)‐conjugating genes by WRKY46 via yeast one‐hybrid and electrophoretic mobility shift assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation‐quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (ChIP‐qPCR).Knockout of WRKY46 increased, while overexpression of WRKY46 decreased, NH4+‐suppression of the primary root. WRKY46 is shown to directly bind to the promoters of the NUDX9 and IAA‐conjugating genes (GH3.1, GH3.6, UGT75D1, UGT84B2) and to inhibit their transcription, thus positively regulating free IAA content and stabilizing protein N‐glycosylation, leading to an inhibition of NH4+ efflux in the root elongation zone (EZ).We identify TF involvement in the regulation of NH4+ efflux in the EZ, and show that WRKY46 inhibits NH4+ efflux by negative regulation of NUDX9 and IAA‐conjugating genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), a calcium-binding matricellular glycoprotein, is implicated in the progressions of some cancers. However, no information has been available to date regarding the function of SPARC in cervical cancer cell growth and metastasis. Methods In this study, we isolated and established high invasive subclones and low invasive subclones from human cervical cancer cell lines HeLa and SiHa by the limited dilution method. Real-time q-RT-PCR, Western Blot and ICC were performed to investigate SPARC mRNA and protein expressions in high invasive subclones and low invasive subclones. Then lentivirus vector with SPARC shRNA was constructed and infected the highly invasive subclones. Real-time q-RT-PCR, Western Blot and ICC were also performed to investigate the changes of SPARC expression after viral infection. In functional assays, effects of SPARC knockdown on the biological behaviors of cervical cancer cells were investigated. The mechanisms of SPARC in cervical cancer proliferation, apoptosis and invasion were also researched. Results SPARC was over-expressed in the highly invasive subclones compared with the low invasive subclones. Knockdown of SPARC significantly suppressed cervical cancer cell proliferation, and induced cell cycle arrest at the G1/G0 phase through the p53/p21 pathway, also caused cell apoptosis accompanied by the decreased ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, and inhibited cell invasion and metastasis accompanied by down-regulated MMP2 and MMP9 expressions and up-regulated E-cadherin expression. Conclusion SPARC is related to the invasive phenotype of cervical cancer cells. Knockdown of SPARC significantly suppresses cervical cancer cell proliferation, induces cell apoptosis and inhibits cell invasion and metastasis. SPARC as a promoter improves cervical cancer cell growth and metastasis.

The separation and purification effect of chromatographic column on tetrodotoxin was studied, which provided a reference for the separation and purification process of tetrodotoxin. The raw material for this experiment was the liver of Takifugu pseudommus, TTX was extracted from the liver, and the column chromatography technology by the loading of neutral alumina column, activated carbon column, CM HF and D152 weak acid cation exchange resin column was used to determine theoptimal pH, adsorption rate and recovery rate of liquid. According to the results of the adsorption rate and purification recovery rate of the four columns, the adsorption rate and recovery rate of the D152 weakly acidic cation exchange column were 91.97% and 93.98%, respectively, and the column was effective in purifying tetrodotoxin with low loss rate. Finally, by D152 column the crude tetrodotoxin extract was separated and purified. The raw material was Takifugu pseudommus liver. The crude extract obtained from liver homogenization was purified and separated by D152 column, and then was crystallized to obtain crude tetrodotoxin with a purity of 80%. This study provides a useful reference for the separation and purification process of tetrodotoxin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Molecular characteristics can be good indicators of tumor prognosis and have been introduced into the classification of gliomas. The prognosis of patients with newly classified lower-grade gliomas (LGGs, including grade 2 and grade 3 gliomas) is highly heterogeneous, and new molecular markers are urgently needed. Methods: Autophagy related genes (ATGs) were obtained from Human Autophagy Database (HADb). From the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), gene expression profiles including ATG expression information and patient clinical data were downloaded. Cox regression analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, Kaplan–Meier analysis, random survival forest algorithm (RSFVH) and stratification analysis were performed. Results: Through univariate Cox regression analysis, we found a total of 127 ATGs associated with the prognosis of LGG patients from TCGA dataset and a total of 131 survival-related ATGs from CGGA dataset. Using TCGA dataset as the training group (n = 524), we constructed a five-ATG signature (including BAG1, BID, MAP1LC3C, NRG3, PTK6), which could divide LGG patients into two risk groups with significantly different overall survival (Log Rank P < 0.001). Then we confirmed in the independent CGGA dataset that the five-ATG signature had the ability to predict prognosis (n = 431, Log Rank P < 0.001). We further discovered that the predictive ability of the five-ATG signature was better than the existing clinical indicators and IDH mutation status. In addition, the five-ATG signature could further classify patients after receiving radiotherapy or chemotherapy into groups with different prognosis. Conclusions: We identified a five-ATG signature that could be a reliable prognostic marker and might be therapeutic targets for autophagy therapy for LGG patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prevalence and outcomes of patients who had re-activation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) after discharge remain poorly understood. We included 126 consecutively confirmed cases of COVID-19 with 2-month follow-up data after discharge in this retrospective study. The upper respiratory specimen using a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction test of three patients (71 years [60–76]) were positive within 11–20 days after their discharge, with an event rate of 19.8 (95%CI 2.60–42.1) per 1,000,000 patient-days. Moreover, all re-positive patients were asymptomatic. Our findings suggest that few recovered patients may still be virus carriers even after reaching the discharge criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]