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Proper nutrition and exercise are effective strategies to improve overall metabolic health in diabetic patients. This study evaluated the effects of Nigella sativa (NS) supplementation during resistance training (RT) on some biochemical variables in type 2 diabetes patients. Forty patients were assigned to groups: RT + NS (RN), NS, RT + placebo (RP), and control (CO). RT was performed and NS was consumed for 8 weeks. Blood samples were collected at rest immediately before and after the 8 week intervention. RT or NS by themselves reduced HOMA-IR, insulin, glucose, TG, TC, LDL, ESR, CRP, AST, ALT and ALP, and increased HDL and HOMA-S. The combination of RT and NS, rather than each intervention alone, had significant effects on reduction of HOMA-IR, insulin, ESR and CRP as well as increases in HDL, HOMA-β/S. RT combined with NS is sometimes a better strategy compared to single interventions for improving diabetes related biomarkers in type 2 diabetic patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A rapid, simple, and sensitive approach to the analysis of trihalomethanes (THMs) in swimming pool water samples has been developed. The main goal of this study was to overcome or to improve the shortcomings of conventional dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and to maximize the realization of green analytical chemistry principles. The method involves a simple vortex-assisted microextraction step, in the absence of the dispersive solvent, followed by salting-out effect for the elimination of the centrifugation step. A bell-shaped device and a solidifiable solvent were used to simplify the extraction solvent collection after phase separation. Optimization of the independent variables was performed by using chemometric methods in three steps. The method was statistically validated based on authentic guidance documents. The completion time for extraction was less than 8 min, and the limits of detection were in the range between 4 and 72 ng L. Using this method, good linearity and precision were achieved. The results of THMs determination in different real samples showed that in some cases the concentration of total THMs was more than threshold values of THMs determined by accredited healthcare organizations. This method indicated satisfactory analytical figures of merit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel approach for the sample pre-treatment and determination of eight phenolic compounds in environmental water samples has been developed by hyphenating solid-phase extraction (SPE) and liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) techniques based on solid organic drop combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detection (GC-MS). After pre-concentration and purification of the sample through column containing 60 mg of β-cyclodextrin-bonded silica particles as stationary phase, under the optimum conditions, LPME technique has been performed on the eluent solution. Under the selected conditions, limit of detection (LOD) of 0.002-0.04 μg/L ( S/N=3), limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.007-0.15 μg/L ( S/N=10), pre-concentration factor of 752-3135 and linearity range of 0.01-25 μg/L have been obtained. A reasonable repeatability (RSD≤9.5%, n=5) with satisfactory coefficient of determination has been obtained between 0.9981 and 0.9997. The relative recoveries of the waste, sea, river and well water samples were higher than 79%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A stir bar coated with β-cyclodextrin-bonded-silica (CDS) as novel sorbent has been developed and used to analyze seven phenolic compounds in aqueous samples, followed by thermal desorption and gas chromatography-mass spectrometric detection. Significant parameters affecting sorption process such as the time and temperature of sorption and desorption, ionic strength, pH and stirring rate have been optimized and discussed. The coating has a high thermal stability up to 300°C and long application lifetime (80 times). The porous structure of CDS coating provides high surface area and allows high extraction efficiency. Under the selected conditions, linearity range of 0.1–400 μg/L, limit of quantifications of 0.08–3.3 μg/L and method detection limits of 0.02–1.00 μg/L have been obtained. A satisfactory repeatability (RSD ≤ 6.5, n= 7) with good linearity (0.9975 ≤ r2≤ 0.9996) of results illustrated a good performance of the present method. The recovery of different natural water samples was higher than 81.5%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]