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1. Effective Control of COVID-19 in South Korea: Cross-Sectional Study of Epidemiological Data

Author

Jeong, Gwang Hun, Lee, Hyo Jeong, Lee, Jinhee, Lee, Jun Young, Lee, Keum Hwa, Han, Young Joo, Yoon, Sojung, Ryu, Seohyun, Kim, Da Kyung, Park, Myung Bae, Yang, Jae Won, Effenberger, Maria, Eisenhut, Michael, Hong, Sung Hwi, Kronbichler, Andreas, Ghayda, Ramy Abou, and Shin, Jae Il

Subjects
Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

BackgroundSouth Korea is one of the few countries that has succeeded in flattening the curve of new COVID-19 cases and avoiding a second outbreak by implementing multiple strategies, ranging from an individual level to the population level. ObjectiveWe aim to discuss the unique strategies and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in South Korea and present a summary of policies implemented by the Korean government during the COVID-19 pandemic. MethodsWe designed a cross-sectional study of epidemiological data published by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on October 1, 2020. We analyzed detailed epidemiological information of COVID-19 cases, including the number of confirmed cases and resulting deaths. ResultsAs of October 1, 2020, a total of 23,889 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 415 deaths were reported in South Korea. In this paper, we present data on the epidemiological characteristics and transmission of the disease and discuss how the South Korean government, health care providers, and society responded to the COVID-19 outbreak. ConclusionsUnderstanding the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in South Korea and the government’s successful efforts in managing the spread of the disease can provide important insights to other countries dealing with the ongoing pandemic.

Published
2020
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2. Global, regional, and national age-specific progress towards the 2020 milestones of the WHO End TB Strategy: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author

Ledesma, Jorge R, Ma, Jianing, Zhang, Meixin, Basting, Ann V L, Chu, Huong Thi, Vongpradith, Avina, Novotney, Amanda, LeGrand, Kate E, Xu, Yvonne Yiru, Dai, Xiaochen, Nicholson, Sneha Ingle, Stafford, Lauryn K, Carter, Austin, Ross, Jennifer M, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abdoun, Meriem, Abdulah, Deldar Morad, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abrha, Woldu Aberhe, Abubaker Ali, Hiwa, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Aburuz, Salahdein, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adepoju, Abiola Victor, Adhikari, Kishor, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Adra, Saryia, Afework, Abel, Aghamiri, Shahin, Agyemang-Duah, Williams, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Danish, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmadzade, Amir Mahmoud, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Mohammed, Ahmed, Ayman, Akinosoglou, Karolina, AL-Ahdal, Tareq Mohammed Ali, Alam, Nazmul, Albashtawy, Mohammed, AlBataineh, Mohammad T, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, Ali, Abid, Ali, Endale Alemayehu, Ali, Liaqat, Ali, Zahid, Ali, Syed Shujait Shujait, Allel, Kasim, Altaf, Awais, Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J., Amani, Reza, Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi, Amzat, Jimoh, Andrews, Jason R, Anil, Abhishek, Anwer, Razique, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Areda, Damelash, Artamonov, Anton A, Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo, Asemahagn, Mulusew A, Atre, Sachin R, Aujayeb, Avinash, Azadi, Davood, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Azzam, Ahmed Y, Badar, Muhammad, Badiye, Ashish D, Bagherieh, Sara, Bahadorikhalili, Saeed, Baig, Atif Amin, Banach, Maciej, Banik, Biswajit, Bardhan, Mainak, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Basharat, Zarrin, Baskaran, Pritish, Basu, Saurav, Beiranvand, Maryam, Belete, Melaku Ashagrie, Belew, Makda Abate, Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal, Beloukas, Apostolos, Bettencourt, Paulo J G, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhargava, Ashish, Bhat, Vivek, Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh, Bhatti, Gurjit Kaur, Bikbov, Boris, Bitra, Veera R, Bjegovic-Mikanovic, Vesna, Buonsenso, Danilo, Burkart, Katrin, Bustanji, Yasser, Butt, Zahid A, Camargos, Paulo, Cao, Yu, Carr, Sinclair, Carvalho, Felix, Cegolon, Luca, Cenderadewi, Muthia, Cevik, Muge, Chahine, Yaacoub, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Ching, Patrick R, Chopra, Hitesh, Chung, Eunice, Claassens, Mareli M, Coberly, Kaleb, Cruz-Martins, Natália, Dabo, Bashir, Dadana, Sriharsha, Dadras, Omid, Darban, Isaac, Darega Gela, Jiregna, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Dashti, Mahmood, Demessa, Berecha Hundessa, Demisse, Biniyam, Demissie, Solomon, Derese, Awoke Masrie Asrat, Deribe, Kebede, Desai, Hardik Dineshbhai, Devanbu, Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan, Dhali, Arkadeep, Dhama, Kuldeep, Dhingra, Sameer, Do, Thao Huynh Phuong, Dongarwar, Deepa, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Dube, John, Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian, Ed-Dra, Abdelaziz, Efendi, Ferry, Effendi, Diyan Ermawan, Eftekharimehrabad, Aziz, Ekadinata, Nopryan, Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus, Elhadi, Muhammed, Elilo, Legesse Tesfaye, Emeto, Theophilus I, Engelbert Bain, Luchuo, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Fahim, Ayesha, Feizkhah, Alireza, Fetensa, Getahun, Fischer, Florian, Gaipov, Abduzhappar, Gandhi, Aravind P, Gautam, Rupesh K, Gebregergis, Miglas W, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin, Gebrekidan, Kahsu Gebrekirstos, Ghaffari, Kazem, Ghassemi, Fariba, Ghazy, Ramy Mohamed, Goodridge, Amador, Goyal, Anmol, Guan, Shi-Yang, Gudeta, Mesay Dechasa, Guled, Rashid Abdi, Gultom, Novianti Br, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Gupta, Sapna, Hagins, Hailey, Hailu, Semira Goitom, Hailu, Wase Benti, Hamidi, Samer, Hanif, Asif, Harapan, Harapan, Hasan, Rumina Syeda, Hassan, Shoaib, Haubold, Johannes, Hezam, Kamal, Hong, Sung Hwi, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hossain, Md. Belal, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Hostiuc, Sorin, Huynh, Hong-Han, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ikuta, Kevin S, Ilic, Irena M., Ilic, Milena D., Islam, Md. Rabiul, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Ismail, Faisal, Jafarzadeh, Abdollah, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jalili, Mahsa, Janodia, Manthan Dilipkumar, Jomehzadeh, Nabi, Jonas, Jost B, Joseph, Nitin, Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma, Kabir, Zubair, Kamble, Bhushan Dattatray, Kanchan, Tanuj, Kandel, Himal, Kanmodi, Kehinde Kazeem, Kantar, Rami S, Karaye, Ibraheem M, Karimi Behnagh, Arman, Kassa, Gebrehiwot G, Kaur, Rimple Jeet, Kaur, Navjot, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khamesipour, Faham, Khan, Yusra H, Khan, M Nuruzzaman, Khan Suheb, Mahammed Ziauddin, Khatab, Khaled, Khatami, Fatemeh, Kim, Min Seo, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koulmane Laxminarayana, Sindhura Lakshmi, Krishan, Kewal, Kucuk Bicer, Burcu, Kuddus, Md Abdul, Kulimbet, Mukhtar, Kumar, Nithin, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Landires, Iván, Latief, Kamaluddin, Le, Trang Diep Thanh, Le, Thao Thi Thu, Ledda, Caterina, Lee, Munjae, Lee, Seung Won, Lerango, Temesgen L, Lim, Stephen S, Liu, Chaojie, Liu, Xuefeng, Lopukhov, Platon D, Luo, Hong, Lv, Hengliang, Mahajan, Preetam Bhalchandra, Mahboobipour, Amir Ali, Majeed, Azeem, Malakan Rad, Elaheh, Malhotra, Kashish, Malik, Muhammad Sajeel Ahmed, Malinga, Lesibana Anthony, Mallhi, Tauqeer Hussain, Manilal, Aseer, Martinez-Guerra, Bernardo Alfonso, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Marzo, Roy Rillera, Masoumi-Asl, Hossein, Mathur, Vasundhara, Maude, Richard James, Mehrotra, Ravi, Memish, Ziad A, Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G, Merza, Muayad Aghali, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Mhlanga, Laurette, Misra, Sanjeev, Misra, Arup Kumar, Mithra, Prasanna, Moazen, Babak, Mohammed, Hussen, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moore, Catrin E, Mousavi, Parsa, Mulita, Francesk, Musaigwa, Fungai, Muthusamy, Raman, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naghavi, Pirouz, Naik, Ganesh R, Naik, Gurudatta, Nair, Sanjeev, Nair, Tapas Sadasivan, Natto, Zuhair S, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Negash, Hadush, Nguyen, Dang H, Nguyen, Van Thanh, Niazi, Robina Khan, Nnaji, Chukwudi A, Nnyanzi, Lawrence Achilles, Noman, Efaq Ali, Nomura, Shuhei, Oancea, Bogdan, Obamiro, Kehinde O, Odetokun, Ismail A, Odo, Daniel Bogale Odo, Odukoya, Oluwakemi Ololade, Oh, In-Hwan, Okereke, Chukwuma O, Okonji, Osaretin Christabel, Oren, Eyal, Ortiz-Brizuela, Edgar, Osuagwu, Uchechukwu Levi, Ouyahia, Amel, P A, Mahesh Padukudru, Parija, Pragyan Paramita, Parikh, Romil R, Park, Seoyeon, Parthasarathi, Ashwaghosha, Patil, Shankargouda, Pawar, Shrikant, Peng, Minjin, Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino, Peprah, Prince, Perdigão, João, Perico, Norberto, Pham, Hoang Tran, Postma, Maarten J, Prabhu, Attur Ravindra Attur, Prasad, Manya, Prashant, Akila, Prates, Elton Junio Sady, Rahim, Fakher, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahmati, Masoud, Rajaa, Sathish, Ramasamy, Shakthi Kumaran, Rao, Indu Ramachandra, Rao, Sowmya J, Rapaka, Deepthi, Rashid, Ahmed Mustafa, Ratan, Zubair Ahmed, Ravikumar, Nakul, Rawaf, Salman, Reddy, Murali Mohan Rama Krishna, Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Reyes, Luis Felipe, Rezaei, Nazila, Rezaeian, Mohsen, Rezahosseini, Omid, Rodrigues, Mónica, Roy, Priyanka, Ruela, Guilherme de Andrade, Sabour, Siamak, Saddik, Basema, Saeed, Umar, Safi, Sher Zaman, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Narjes, Saheb Sharif-Askari, Fatemeh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahiledengle, Biniyam, Sahoo, Soumya Swaroop, Salam, Nasir, Salami, Afeez Abolarinwa, Saleem, Samreen, Saleh, Mohamed A, Samadi Kafil, Hossein, Samadzadeh, Sara, Samodra, Yoseph Leonardo, Sanjeev, Rama Krishna, Saravanan, Aswini, Sawyer, Susan M, Selvaraj, Siddharthan, Senapati, Sabyasachi, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Shah, Pritik A, Shahid, Samiah, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sham, Sunder, Shamshirgaran, Mohammad Ali, Shanawaz, Mohd, Sharath, Medha, Sherchan, Samendra P, Shetty, Ranjitha S, Shirzad-Aski, Hesamaddin, Shittu, Aminu, Siddig, Emmanuel Edwar, Silva, João Pedro, Singh, Surjit, Singh, Paramdeep, Singh, Harpreet, Singh, Jasvinder A, Siraj, Md Shahjahan, Siswanto, Siswanto, Solanki, Ranjan, Solomon, Yonatan, Soriano, Joan B, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Srivastava, Vijay Kumar, Steiropoulos, Paschalis, Swain, Chandan Kumar, Tabuchi, Takahiro, Tampa, Mircea, Tamuzi, Jacques JL Lukenze, Tat, Nathan Y, Tavakoli Oliaee, Razieh, Teklay, Gebrehiwot, Tesfaye, Edosa Geta, Tessema, Belay, Thangaraju, Pugazhenthan, Thapar, Rekha, Thum, Chern Choong Chern, Ticoalu, Jansje Henny Vera, Tleyjeh, Imad M, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Toma, Temesgen Mohammed, Tram, Khai Hoan, Udoakang, Aniefiok John, Umar, Tungki Pratama, Umeokonkwo, Chukwuma David, Vahabi, Seyed Mohammad, Vaithinathan, Asokan Govindaraj, van Boven, Job F M, Varthya, Shoban Babu, Wang, Ziyue, Warsame, Muktar S A, Westerman, Ronny, Wonde, Tewodros Eshete, Yaghoubi, Sajad, Yi, Siyan, Yiğit, Vahit, Yon, Dong Keon, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yu, Chuanhua, Zakham, Fathiah, Zangiabadian, Moein, Zeukeng, Francis, Zhang, Haijun, Zhao, Yang, Zheng, Peng, Zielińska, Magdalena, Salomon, Joshua A, Reiner Jr, Robert C, Naghavi, Mohsen, Vos, Theo, Hay, Simon I, Murray, Christopher J L, and Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe

Published
2024
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3. Population health outcomes in South Korea 1990–2019, and projections up to 2040: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author

Park, Seoyeon, Kim, Min Seo, Yon, Dong Keon, Lee, Seung Won, Ward, Joseph L, McLaughlin, Susan A, Mehlman, Max L, Koyanagi, Ai, Smith, Lee, Jacob, Louis, Agampodi, Suneth Buddhika, Beiranvand, Maryam, Choi, Dong-Woo, Hong, Sung Hwi, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Kim, Cho-il, Kim, Gyu Ri, Kim, Jihee, Kim, Kwanghyun, Kim, Sungroul, Lee, Doo Woong, Lee, Hankil, Lee, Sang-woong, Lee, Yo Han, Mokdad, Ali H, Murray, Christopher J L, Okekunle, Akinkunmi Paul, Park, Eun-Cheol, Rabiee, Navid, Shin, Youn Ho, Hay, Simon I, and Shin, Jae Il

Published
2023
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5. Age–sex differences in the global burden of lower respiratory infections and risk factors, 1990–2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author

Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, Vongpradith, Avina, Sirota, Sarah Brooke, Novotney, Amanda, Troeger, Christopher E, Doxey, Matthew C, Bender, Rose G, Ledesma, Jorge R, Biehl, Molly H, Albertson, Samuel B, Frostad, Joseph Jon, Burkart, Katrin, Bennitt, Fiona B, Zhao, Jeff T, Gardner, William M, Hagins, Hailey, Bryazka, Dana, Dominguez, Regina-Mae Villanueva, Abate, Semagn Mekonnen, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abdoli, Amir, Abdoli, Gholamreza, Abedi, Aidin, Abedi, Vida, Abegaz, Tadesse M, Abidi, Hassan, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abtew, Yonas Derso, Abubaker Ali, Hiwa, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Adamu, Kidist, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adegboye, Oyelola A, Adnan, Mohammad, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Araz Ramazan, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Sepideh, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Jivan Qasim, Ahmed Rashid, Tarik, Akbarzadeh-Khiavi, Mostafa, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Albano, Luciana, Aldeyab, Mamoon A, Alemu, Bezatu Mengistie, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Algammal, Abdelazeem M, Alhalaiqa, Fadwa Alhalaiqa Naji, Alhassan, Robert Kaba, Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir, Ali, Liaqat, Ali, Musa Mohammed, Ali, Syed Shujait, Alimohamadi, Yousef, Alipour, Vahid, Al-Jumaily, Adel, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Almustanyir, Sami, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, Al-Rifai, Rami H Hani, AlRyalat, Saif Aldeen S, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Aminian Dehkordi, Javad Javad, Amuasi, John H, Amugsi, Dickson A, Anbesu, Etsay Woldu, Ansar, Adnan, Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward, Arabloo, Jalal, Areda, Demelash, Argaw, Ayele Mamo, Argaw, Zeleke Gebru, Arulappan, Judie, Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo, Asemahagn, Mulusew A, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atlaw, Daniel, Attia, Engi F, Attia, Sameh, Aujayeb, Avinash, Awoke, Tewachew, Ayana, Tegegn Mulatu, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Azangou-Khyavy, Mohammadreza, Azari, Samad, Azari Jafari, Amirhossein, Badar, Muhammad, Badiye, Ashish D, Baghcheghi, Nayereh, Bagherieh, Sara, Baig, Atif Amin, Banach, Maciej, Banerjee, Indrajit, Bardhan, Mainak, Barone-Adesi, Francesco, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Barrow, Amadou, Bashiri, Azadeh, Bassat, Quique, Batiha, Abdul-Monim Mohammad, Belachew, Abate Bekele, Belete, Melaku Ashagrie, Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhatt, Parth, Bhojaraja, Vijayalakshmi S, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bhuyan, Soumitra S, Bijani, Ali, Bitaraf, Saeid, Bodicha, Belay Boda Abule, Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich, Buonsenso, Danilo, Butt, Muhammad Hammad, Cai, Jiao, Camargos, Paulo, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Chakraborty, Promit Ananyo, Chanie, Muluken Genetu, Charan, Jaykaran, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Ching, Patrick R, Choi, Sungchul, Chong, Yuen Yu, Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan, Chowdhury, Enayet Karim, Christopher, Devasahayam J, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Cobb, Natalie L, Cohen, Aaron J, Cruz-Martins, Natália, Dadras, Omid, Dagnaw, Fentaw Teshome, Dai, Xiaochen, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dao, An Thi Minh, Debela, Sisay Abebe, Demisse, Biniyam, Demisse, Fitsum Wolde, Demissie, Solomon, Dereje, Diriba, Desai, Hardik Dineshbhai, Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu, Desye, Belay, Dhingra, Sameer, Diao, Nancy, Diaz, Daniel, Digesa, Lankamo Ena, Doan, Linh Phuong, Dodangeh, Milad, Dongarwar, Deepa, Dorostkar, Fariba, dos Santos, Wendel Mombaque, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Dubljanin, Eleonora, Durojaiye, Oyewole Christopher, Edinur, Hisham Atan, Ehsani-Chimeh, Elham, Eini, Ebrahim, Ekholuenetale, Michael, Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus, El Desouky, Eman D, El Sayed, Iman, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Elhadi, Muhammed, Elkhapery, Ahmed Mahmoud Rabie, Emami, Amir, Engelbert Bain, Luchuo, Erkhembayar, Ryenchindorj, Etaee, Farshid, Ezati Asar, Mohamad, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Falahi, Shahab, Fallahzadeh, Aida, Faraj, Anwar, Faraon, Emerito Jose A, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Ferrara, Pietro, Ferrari, Allegra Allegra, Fetensa, Getahun, Fischer, Florian, Flavel, Joanne, Foroutan, Masoud, Gaal, Peter Andras, Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, Gaihre, Santosh, Galehdar, Nasrin, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, Garg, Tushar, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin Damtew, Gebremichael, Mathewos Alemu, Gela, Yibeltal Yismaw, Gemeda, Belete Negese Belete, Gessner, Bradford D, Getachew, Melaku, Getie, Asmare, Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi, Ghasemi Nour, Mohammad, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Gholamrezanezhad, Ali, Gholizadeh, Abdolmajid, Ghosh, Rakesh, Ghozy, Sherief, Goleij, Pouya, Golitaleb, Mohamad, Gorini, Giuseppe, Goulart, Alessandra C, Goyomsa, Girma Garedew, Guadie, Habtamu Alganeh, Gudisa, Zewdie, Guled, Rashid Abdi, Gupta, Sapna, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Guta, Alemu, Habibzadeh, Parham, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Halwani, Rabih, Hamidi, Samer, Hannan, Md Abdul, Harorani, Mehdi, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hasani, Hamidreza, Hassan, Abbas M, Hassani, Shokoufeh, Hassanian-Moghaddam, Hossein, Hassankhani, Hadi, Hayat, Khezar, Heibati, Behzad, Heidari, Mohammad, Heyi, Demisu Zenbaba, Hezam, Kamal, Holla, Ramesh, Hong, Sung Hwi, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosseini, Mohammad-Salar, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Househ, Mowafa, Hoveidamanesh, Soodabeh, Huang, Junjie, Hussein, Nawfal R, Iavicoli, Ivo, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ikuta, Kevin S, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M, Ilic, Milena D, Immurana, Mustapha, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Iwagami, Masao, Jaafari, Jalil, Jamshidi, Elham, Jang, Sung-In, Javadi Mamaghani, Amirreza, Javaheri, Tahereh, Javanmardi, Fatemeh, Javidnia, Javad, Jayapal, Sathish Kumar, Jayarajah, Umesh, Jayaram, Shubha, Jema, Alelign Tasew, Jeong, Wonjeong, Jonas, Jost B, Joseph, Nitin, Joukar, Farahnaz, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, K, Vaishali, Kabir, Zubair, Kacimi, Salah Eddine Oussama, Kadashetti, Vidya, Kalankesh, Laleh R, Kalhor, Rohollah, Kamath, Ashwin, Kamble, Bhushan Dattatray, Kandel, Himal, Kanko, Tesfaye K, Karaye, Ibraheem M, Karch, André, Karkhah, Samad, Kassa, Bekalu Getnet, Katoto, Patrick DMC, Kaur, Harkiran, Kaur, Rimple Jeet, Keikavoosi-Arani, Leila, Keykhaei, Mohammad, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khajuria, Himanshu, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Gulfaraz, Khan, Imteyaz A, Khan, Maseer, Khan, Md Nuruzzaman, Khan, Moien AB, Khan, Yusra H, Khatatbeh, Moawiah Mohammad, Khosravifar, Mina, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Min Seo, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Kissoon, Niranjan, Knibbs, Luke D, Kochhar, Sonali, Kompani, Farzad, Koohestani, Hamid Reza, Korshunov, Vladimir Andreevich, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Krishan, Kewal, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kumar, G Anil, Kurmi, Om P, Kuttikkattu, Ambily, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lám, Judit, Landires, Iván, Ledda, Caterina, Lee, Sang-woong, Levi, Miriam, Lewycka, Sonia, Liu, Gang, Liu, Wei, Lodha, Rakesh, Lorenzovici, László, Lotfi, Mojgan, Loureiro, Joana A, Madadizadeh, Farzan, Mahmoodpoor, Ata, Mahmoudi, Razzagh, Mahmoudimanesh, Marzieh, Majidpoor, Jamal, Makki, Alaa, Malakan Rad, Elaheh, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Mallhi, Tauqeer Hussain, Manla, Yosef, Matei, Clara N, Mathioudakis, Alexander G, Maude, Richard James, Mehrabi Nasab, Entezar, Melese, Addisu, Memish, Ziad A, Mendoza-Cano, Oliver, Mentis, Alexios-Fotios A, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Merid, Mehari Woldemariam, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá, Ana Carolina, Mijena, Gelana Fekadu Worku, Minh, Le Huu Nhat, Mir, Shabir Ahmad, Mirfakhraie, Reza, Mirmoeeni, Seyyedmohammadsadeq, Mirza, Agha Zeeshan, Mirza, Moonis, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari, Mohammad, Misganaw, Abay Sisay, Misganaw, Awoke Temesgen, Mohammadi, Esmaeil, Mohammadi, Mokhtar, Mohammed, Arif, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohan, Syam, Mohseni, Mohammad, Moka, Nagabhishek, Mokdad, Ali H, Momtazmanesh, Sara, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moniruzzaman, Md, Montazeri, Fateme, Moore, Catrin E, Moradi, Abdolvahab, Morawska, Lidia, Mosser, Jonathan F, Mostafavi, Ebrahim, Motaghinejad, Majid, Mousavi Isfahani, Haleh, Mousavi-Aghdas, Seyed Ali, Mubarik, Sumaira, Murillo-Zamora, Efrén, Mustafa, Ghulam, Nair, Sanjeev, Nair, Tapas Sadasivan, Najafi, Houshang, Naqvi, Atta Abbas, Narasimha Swamy, Sreenivas, Natto, Zuhair S, Nayak, Biswa Prakash, Nejadghaderi, Seyed Aria, Nguyen, Huy Van Nguyen, Niazi, Robina Khan, Nogueira de Sá, Antonio Tolentino, Nouraei, Hasti, Nowroozi, Ali, Nuñez-Samudio, Virginia, Nzoputam, Chimezie Igwegbe, Nzoputam, Ogochukwu Janet, Oancea, Bogdan, Ochir, Chimedsuren, Odukoya, Oluwakemi Ololade, Okati-Aliabad, Hassan, Okekunle, Akinkunmi Paul, Okonji, Osaretin Christabel, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olufadewa, Isaac Iyinoluwa, Omar Bali, Ahmed, Omer, Emad, Oren, Eyal, Ota, Erika, Otstavnov, Nikita, Oulhaj, Abderrahim, P A, Mahesh, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Pakshir, Keyvan, Pakzad, Reza, Palicz, Tamás, Pandey, Anamika, Pant, Suman, Pardhan, Shahina, Park, Eun-Cheol, Park, Eun-Kee, Pashazadeh Kan, Fatemeh, Paudel, Rajan, Pawar, Shrikant, Peng, Minjin, Pereira, Gavin, Perna, Simone, Perumalsamy, Navaraj, Petcu, Ionela-Roxana, Pigott, David M, Piracha, Zahra Zahid, Podder, Vivek, Polibin, Roman V, Postma, Maarten J, Pourasghari, Hamid, Pourtaheri, Naeimeh, Qadir, Mirza Muhammad Fahd, Raad, Mathieu, Rabiee, Mohammad, Rabiee, Navid, Raeghi, Saber, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi, Mehran, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Azizur, Rahman, Md Obaidur, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Rahmanian, Vahid, Ram, Pradhum, Ramezanzadeh, Kiana, Rana, Juwel, Ranasinghe, Priyanga, Rani, Usha, Rao, Sowmya J, Rashedi, Sina, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Rasul, Azad, Ratan, Zubair Ahmed, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Rawassizadeh, Reza, Razeghinia, Mohammad Sadegh, Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed, Reitsma, Marissa B, Renzaho, Andre M N, Rezaeian, Mohsen, Riad, Abanoub, Rikhtegar, Reza, Rodriguez, Jefferson Antonio Buendia, Rogowski, Emma L B, Ronfani, Luca, Rudd, Kristina E, Saddik, Basema, Sadeghi, Erfan, Saeed, Umar, Safary, Azam, Safi, Sher Zaman, Sahebazzamani, Maryam, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sakhamuri, Sateesh, Salehi, Sana, Salman, Muhammad, Samadi Kafil, Hossein, Samy, Abdallah M, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Sao Jose, Bruno Piassi, Sarkhosh, Maryam, Sathian, Brijesh, Sawhney, Monika, Saya, Ganesh Kumar, Seidu, Abdul-Aziz, Seylani, Allen, Shaheen, Amira A, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shaker, Elaheh, Shamshad, Hina, Sharew, Mequannent Melaku, Sharhani, Asaad, Sharifi, Azam, Sharma, Purva, Sheidaei, Ali, Shenoy, Suchitra M, Shetty, Jeevan K, Shiferaw, Damtew Solomon, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Jae Il, Shirzad-Aski, Hesamaddin, Shivakumar, K M, Shivalli, Siddharudha, Shobeiri, Parnian, Simegn, Wudneh, Simpson, Colin R, Singh, Harpreet, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Paramdeep, Siwal, Samarjeet Singh, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Soltani-Zangbar, Mohammad Sadegh, Song, Suhang, Song, Yimeng, Sood, Prashant, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Steiropoulos, Paschalis, Suleman, Muhammad, Tabatabaeizadeh, Seyed-Amir, Tahamtan, Alireza, Taheri, Majid, Taheri Soodejani, Moslem, Taki, Elahe, Talaat, Iman M, Tampa, Mircea, Tandukar, Sarmila, Tat, Nathan Y, Tat, Vivian Y, Tefera, Yibekal Manaye, Temesgen, Gebremaryam, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Tesfaye, Azene, Tesfaye, Degefa Gomora, Tessema, Belay, Thapar, Rekha, Ticoalu, Jansje Henny Vera, Tiyuri, Amir, Tleyjeh, Imad I, Togtmol, Munkhsaikhan, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tufa, Derara Girma, Ullah, Irfan, Upadhyay, Era, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, Valdez, Pascual R, Valizadeh, Rohollah, Vardavas, Constantine, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Vo, Bay, Vu, Linh Gia, Wagaye, Birhanu, Waheed, Yasir, Wang, Yu, Waris, Abdul, West, T Eoin, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Xu, Xiaoyue, Yaghoubi, Sajad, Yahya, Gahin Abdulraheem Tayib, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein, Yon, Dong Keon, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Zaman, Burhan Abdullah, Zandifar, Alireza, Zangiabadian, Moein, Zar, Heather J, Zare, Iman, Zareshahrabadi, Zahra, Zarrintan, Armin, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zeng, Wu, Zhang, Mengxi, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zhong, Chenwen, Zoladl, Mohammad, Zumla, Alimuddin, Lim, Stephen S, Vos, Theo, Naghavi, Mohsen, Brauer, Michael, Hay, Simon I, and Murray, Christopher J L

Published
2022
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8. Hepatobiliary Adverse Drug Reactions Associated With Remdesivir: The WHO International Pharmacovigilance Study

Author

Kim, Min Seo, Jung, Se Yong, Lee, Seung Won, Li, Han, Koyanagi, Ai, Kronbichler, Andreas, Dragioti, Elena, Tizaoui, Kalthoum, Wasuwanich, Paul, Hong, Sung Hwi, Ghayda, Ramy Abou, Yoo, Hae Won, Kim, Hanna, Jacob, Louis, Salem, Joe-Elie, Kostev, Karel, Shin, Youn Ho, Kim, So Young, Gamerith, Gabriele, Yon, Dong Keon, Shin, Jae Il, and Smith, Lee

Published
2021
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9. Environmental risk factors, protective factors, and peripheral biomarkers for ADHD: an umbrella review

Author

Kim, Jae Han, Kim, Jong Yeob, Lee, Jinhee, Jeong, Gwang Hun, Lee, Eun, Lee, San, Lee, Keum Hwa, Kronbichler, Andreas, Stubbs, Brendon, Solmi, Marco, Koyanagi, Ai, Hong, Sung Hwi, Dragioti, Elena, Jacob, Louis, Brunoni, Andre R, Carvalho, Andre F, Radua, Joaquim, Thompson, Trevor, Smith, Lee, Oh, Hans, Yang, Lin, Grabovac, Igor, Schuch, Felipe, Fornaro, Michele, Stickley, Andrew, Rais, Theodor B, Salazar de Pablo, Gonzalo, Shin, Jae Il, and Fusar-Poli, Paolo

Published
2020
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10. Tea Consumption and Risk of Cancer: An Umbrella Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Author

Kim, Tai Lim, Jeong, Gwang Hun, Yang, Jae Won, Lee, Keum Hwa, Kronbichler, Andreas, van der Vliet, Hans J, Grosso, Giuseppe, Galvano, Fabio, Aune, Dagfinn, Kim, Jong Yeob, Veronese, Nicola, Stubbs, Brendon, Solmi, Marco, Koyanagi, Ai, Hong, Sung Hwi, Dragioti, Elena, Cho, Eunyoung, de Rezende, Leandro F M, Giovannucci, Edward L, Shin, Jae Il, and Gamerith, Gabriele

Published
2020
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11. Estimation of global case fatality rate of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using meta-analyses: Comparison between calendar date and days since the outbreak of the first confirmed case

Author

Ghayda, Ramy Abou, Lee, Keum Hwa, Han, Young Joo, Ryu, Seohyun, Hong, Sung Hwi, Yoon, Sojung, Jeong, Gwang Hun, Lee, Jinhee, Lee, Jun Young, Yang, Jae Won, Effenberger, Maria, Eisenhut, Michael, Kronbichler, Andreas, Solmi, Marco, Li, Han, Jacob, Louis, Koyanagi, Ai, Radua, Joaquim, Shin, Jae Il, and Smith, Lee

Published
2020
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12. Nonpharmaceutical interventions reduce the incidence and mortality of COVID‐19: A study based on the survey from the International COVID‐19 Research Network (ICRN).

Author

Park, Seung Hyun, Hong, Sung Hwi, Kim, Kwanghyun, Lee, Seung Won, Yon, Dong Keon, Jung, Sun Jae, Abdeen, Ziad, Ghayda, Ramy Abou, Ahmed, Mohamed Lemine Cheikh Brahim, Serouri, Abdulwahed Al, Al‐Herz, Waleed, Al‐Shamsi, Humaid O., Ali, Sheeza, Ali, Kosar, Baatarkhuu, Oidov, Nielsen, Henning Bay, Bernini‐Carri, Enrico, Bondarenko, Anastasiia, Cassell, Ayun, and Cham, Akway

Subjects
SARS-CoV-2, CORONAVIRUS diseases, COMMUNICABLE diseases, COVID-19
Abstract

The recently emerged novel coronavirus, "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2)," caused a highly contagious disease called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). It has severely damaged the world's most developed countries and has turned into a major threat for low‐ and middle‐income countries. Since its emergence in late 2019, medical interventions have been substantial, and most countries relied on public health measures collectively known as nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). We aimed to centralize the accumulative knowledge of NPIs against COVID‐19 for each country under one worldwide consortium. International COVID‐19 Research Network collaborators developed a cross‐sectional online survey to assess the implications of NPIs and sanitary supply on the incidence and mortality of COVID‐19. The survey was conducted between January 1 and February 1, 2021, and participants from 92 countries/territories completed it. The association between NPIs, sanitation supplies, and incidence and mortality were examined by multivariate regression, with the log‐transformed value of population as an offset value. The majority of countries/territories applied several preventive strategies, including social distancing (100.0%), quarantine (100.0%), isolation (98.9%), and school closure (97.8%). Individual‐level preventive measures such as personal hygiene (100.0%) and wearing facial masks (94.6% at hospitals; 93.5% at mass transportation; 91.3% in mass gathering facilities) were also frequently applied. Quarantine at a designated place was negatively associated with incidence and mortality compared to home quarantine. Isolation at a designated place was also associated with reduced mortality compared to home isolation. Recommendations to use sanitizer for personal hygiene reduced incidence compared to the recommendation to use soap. Deprivation of masks was associated with increased incidence. Higher incidence and mortality were found in countries/territories with higher economic levels. Mask deprivation was pervasive regardless of economic level. NPIs against COVID‐19 such as using sanitizer, quarantine, and isolation can decrease the incidence and mortality of COVID‐19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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13. Comparative effectiveness of N95, surgical or medical, and non‐medical facemasks in protection against respiratory virus infection: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis.

Author

Kim, Min Seo, Seong, Dawon, Li, Han, Chung, Seo Kyoung, Park, Youngjoo, Lee, Minho, Lee, Seung Won, Yon, Dong Keon, Kim, Jae Han, Lee, Keum Hwa, Solmi, Marco, Dragioti, Elena, Koyanagi, Ai, Jacob, Louis, Kronbichler, Andreas, Tizaoui, Kalthoum, Cargnin, Sarah, Terrazzino, Salvatore, Hong, Sung Hwi, and Abou Ghayda, Ramy

Abstract

The aim of this systematic review and network meta‐analysis is to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of N95, surgical/medical and non‐medical facemasks as personal protective equipment against respiratory virus infection. The study incorporated 35 published and unpublished randomized controlled trials and observational studies investigating specific mask effectiveness against influenza virus, SARS‐CoV, MERS‐CoV and SARS‐CoV‐2. We searched PubMed, Google Scholar and medRxiv databases for studies published up to 5 February 2021 (PROSPERO registration: CRD42020214729). The primary outcome of interest was the rate of respiratory viral infection. The quality of evidence was estimated using the GRADE approach. High compliance to mask‐wearing conferred a significantly better protection (odds ratio [OR], 0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.23–0.82) than low compliance. N95 or equivalent masks were the most effective in providing protection against coronavirus infections (OR, 0.30; CI, 0.20–0.44) consistently across subgroup analyses of causative viruses and clinical settings. Evidence supporting the use of medical or surgical masks against influenza or coronavirus infections (SARS, MERS and COVID‐19) was weak. Our study confirmed that the use of facemasks provides protection against respiratory viral infections in general; however, the effectiveness may vary according to the type of facemask used. Our findings encourage the use of N95 respirators or their equivalents (e.g., P2) for best personal protection in healthcare settings until more evidence on surgical and medical masks is accrued. This study highlights a substantial lack of evidence on the comparative effectiveness of mask types in community settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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14. The global case fatality rate of coronavirus disease 2019 by continents and national income: A meta‐analysis.

Author

Abou Ghayda, Ramy, Lee, Keum Hwa, Han, Young Joo, Ryu, Seohyun, Hong, Sung Hwi, Yoon, Sojung, Jeong, Gwang Hum, Yang, Jae Won, Lee, Hyo Jeong, Lee, Jinhee, Lee, Jun Young, Effenberger, Maria, Eisenhut, Michael, Kronbichler, Andreas, Solmi, Marco, Li, Han, Jacob, Louis, Koyanagi, Ai, Radua, Joaquim, and Park, Myung Bae

Subjects
COVID-19, DEATH rate, NATIONAL income, COVID-19 pandemic, HIGH-income countries, CORONAVIRUS diseases
Abstract

The aim of this study is to provide a more accurate representation of COVID‐19's case fatality rate (CFR) by performing meta‐analyses by continents and income, and by comparing the result with pooled estimates. We used multiple worldwide data sources on COVID‐19 for every country reporting COVID‐19 cases. On the basis of data, we performed random and fixed meta‐analyses for CFR of COVID‐19 by continents and income according to each individual calendar date. CFR was estimated based on the different geographical regions and levels of income using three models: pooled estimates, fixed‐ and random‐model. In Asia, all three types of CFR initially remained approximately between 2.0% and 3.0%. In the case of pooled estimates and the fixed model results, CFR increased to 4.0%, by then gradually decreasing, while in the case of random‐model, CFR remained under 2.0%. Similarly, in Europe, initially, the two types of CFR peaked at 9.0% and 10.0%, respectively. The random‐model results showed an increase near 5.0%. In high‐income countries, pooled estimates and fixed‐model showed gradually increasing trends with a final pooled estimates and random‐model reached about 8.0% and 4.0%, respectively. In middle‐income, the pooled estimates and fixed‐model have gradually increased reaching up to 4.5%. in low‐income countries, CFRs remained similar between 1.5% and 3.0%. Our study emphasizes that COVID‐19 CFR is not a fixed or static value. Rather, it is a dynamic estimate that changes with time, population, socioeconomic factors, and the mitigatory efforts of individual countries. Highlights: Europe showed the highest COVID‐19 case fatality rate (CFR) until mid‐October 2020, and North America and South America follows.Asia showed the highest CFR since the first confirmed case of COVID‐19 emerged, however, it had shown a declining tendency since March 2020.CFRs in high‐income countries showed an explosive increase compared with those in low‐income countries, which can be interpreted as due to the under‐reporting of mortality cases from COVID‐19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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15. Comparative safety of mRNA COVID‐19 vaccines to influenza vaccines: A pharmacovigilance analysis using WHO international database.

Author

Kim, Min Seo, Jung, Se Yong, Ahn, Jong Gyun, Park, Se Jin, Shoenfeld, Yehuda, Kronbichler, Andreas, Koyanagi, Ai, Dragioti, Elena, Tizaoui, Kalthoum, Hong, Sung Hwi, Jacob, Louis, Salem, Joe‐Elie, Yon, Dong Keon, Lee, Seung Won, Ogino, Shuji, Kim, Hanna, Kim, Jerome H., Excler, Jean‐Louis, Marks, Florian, and Clemens, John D.

Subjects
INFLUENZA vaccines, COVID-19 vaccines, MESSENGER RNA, SUPRAVENTRICULAR tachycardia, LOSS of consciousness
Abstract

Two messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines developed by Pfizer‐BioNTech and Moderna are being rolled out. Despite the high volume of emerging evidence regarding adverse events (AEs) associated with the COVID‐19 mRNA vaccines, previous studies have thus far been largely based on the comparison between vaccinated and unvaccinated control, possibly highlighting the AE risks with COVID‐19 mRNA vaccination. Comparing the safety profile of mRNA vaccinated individuals with otherwise vaccinated individuals would enable a more relevant assessment for the safety of mRNA vaccination. We designed a comparative safety study between 18 755 and 27 895 individuals who reported to VigiBase for adverse events following immunization (AEFI) with mRNA COVID‐19 and influenza vaccines, respectively, from January 1, 2020, to January 17, 2021. We employed disproportionality analysis to rapidly detect relevant safety signals and compared comparative risks of a diverse span of AEFIs for the vaccines. The safety profile of novel mRNA vaccines was divergent from that of influenza vaccines. The overall pattern suggested that systematic reactions like chill, myalgia, fatigue were more noticeable with the mRNA COVID‐19 vaccine, while injection site reactogenicity events were more prevalent with the influenza vaccine. Compared to the influenza vaccine, mRNA COVID‐19 vaccines demonstrated a significantly higher risk for a few manageable cardiovascular complications, such as hypertensive crisis (adjusted reporting odds ratio [ROR], 12.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.47–65.54), and supraventricular tachycardia (adjusted ROR, 7.94; 95% CI, 2.62–24.00), but lower risk of neurological complications such as syncope, neuralgia, loss of consciousness, Guillain‐Barre syndrome, gait disturbance, visual impairment, and dyskinesia. This study has not identified significant safety concerns regarding mRNA vaccination in real‐world settings. The overall safety profile patterned a lower risk of serious AEFI following mRNA vaccines compared to influenza vaccines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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16. Cardiovascular events and safety outcomes associated with remdesivir using a World Health Organization international pharmacovigilance database.

Author

Jung, Se Yong, Kim, Min Seo, Li, Han, Lee, Keum Hwa, Koyanagi, Ai, Solmi, Marco, Kronbichler, Andreas, Dragioti, Elena, Tizaoui, Kalthoum, Cargnin, Sarah, Terrazzino, Salvatore, Hong, Sung Hwi, Abou Ghayda, Ramy, Kim, Nam Kyun, Chung, Seo Kyoung, Jacob, Louis, Salem, Joe‐Elie, Yon, Dong Keon, Lee, Seung Won, and Kostev, Karel

Subjects
COVID-19, CORONAVIRUS disease treatment, DRUG side effects, REMDESIVIR, WORLD health, PLURIPOTENT stem cells, HUMAN stem cells
Abstract

On October 2020, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved remdesivir as the first drug for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), increasing remdesivir prescriptions worldwide. However, potential cardiovascular (CV) toxicities associated with remdesivir remain unknown. We aimed to characterize the CV adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with remdesivir using VigiBase, an individual case safety report database of the World Health Organization (WHO). Disproportionality analyses of CV‐ADRs associated with remdesivir were performed using reported odds ratios and information components. We conducted in vitro experiments using cardiomyocytes derived from human pluripotent stem cell cardiomyocytes (hPSC‐CMs) to confirm cardiotoxicity of remdesivir. To distinguish drug‐induced CV‐ADRs from COVID‐19 effects, we restricted analyses to patients with COVID‐19 and found that, after adjusting for multiple confounders, cardiac arrest (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.88, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08–3.29), bradycardia (aOR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.24–3.53), and hypotension (aOR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.03–2.73) were associated with remdesivir. In vitro data demonstrated that remdesivir reduced the cell viability of hPSC‐CMs in time‐ and dose‐dependent manners. Physicians should be aware of potential CV consequences following remdesivir use and implement adequate CV monitoring to maintain a tolerable safety margin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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18. Public Interest in Immunity and the Justification for Intervention in the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Analysis of Google Trends Data.

Author

Lee, Jinhee, Kwan, Yunna, Lee, Jun Young, Shin, Jae Il, Lee, Keum Hwa, Hong, Sung Hwi, Han, Young Joo, Kronbichler, Andreas, Smith, Lee, Koyanagi, Ai, Jacob, Louis, Choi, SungWon, Ghayda, Ramy Abou, and Park, Myung-Bae

Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic, PANDEMICS, PUBLIC interest, PUBLIC health, COVID-19, COMMUNICABLE diseases, INFECTIOUS disease transmission
Abstract

Background: The use of social big data is an important emerging concern in public health. Internet search volumes are useful data that can sensitively detect trends of the public's attention during a pandemic outbreak situation.Objective: Our study aimed to analyze the public's interest in COVID-19 proliferation, identify the correlation between the proliferation of COVID-19 and interest in immunity and products that have been reported to confer an enhancement of immunity, and suggest measures for interventions that should be implemented from a health and medical point of view.Methods: To assess the level of public interest in infectious diseases during the initial days of the COVID-19 outbreak, we extracted Google search data from January 20, 2020, onward and compared them to data from March 15, 2020, which was approximately 2 months after the COVID-19 outbreak began. In order to determine whether the public became interested in the immune system, we selected coronavirus, immune, and vitamin as our final search terms.Results: The increase in the cumulative number of confirmed COVID-19 cases that occurred after January 20, 2020, had a strong positive correlation with the search volumes for the terms coronavirus (R=0.786; P<.001), immune (R=0.745; P<.001), and vitamin (R=0.778; P<.001), and the correlations between variables were all mutually statistically significant. Moreover, these correlations were confirmed on a country basis when we restricted our analyses to the United States, the United Kingdom, Italy, and Korea. Our findings revealed that increases in search volumes for the terms coronavirus and immune preceded the actual occurrences of confirmed cases.Conclusions: Our study shows that during the initial phase of the COVID-19 crisis, the public's desire and actions of strengthening their own immune systems were enhanced. Further, in the early stage of a pandemic, social media platforms have a high potential for informing the public about potentially helpful measures to prevent the spread of an infectious disease and provide relevant information about immunity, thereby increasing the public's knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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19. COVID-19 and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome: A Systematic Review of 104 Cases.

Author

Abou Ghayda, Ramy, Li, Han, Lee, Keum Hwa, Lee, Hee Won, Hong, Sung Hwi, Kwak, Moonsu, Lee, Minwoo, Kwon, Minjae, Koyanagi, Ai, Kronbichler, Andreas, Jacob, Louis, Smith, Lee, and Shin, Jae Il

Subjects
PREGNANCY outcomes, COVID-19, FETAL distress, NEONATAL infections, COVID-19 treatment, PREGNANT women
Abstract

(1) Background: Until now, several reports about pregnant women with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been published. However, there are no comprehensive systematic reviews collecting all case series studies on data regarding adverse pregnancy outcomes, especially association with treatment modalities. (2) Objective: We aimed to synthesize the most up-to-date and relevant available evidence on the outcomes of pregnant women with laboratory-confirmed infection with COVID-19. (3) Methods: PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, Google scholar, and Embase were explored for studies and papers regarding pregnant women with COVID-19, including obstetrical, perinatal, and neonatal outcomes and complications published from 1 January 2020 to 4 May 2020. Systematic review and search of the published literature was done using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). (4) Results: In total, 11 case series studies comprising 104 pregnant women with COVID-19 were included in our review. Fever (58.6%) and cough (30.7%) were the most common symptoms. Other symptoms included dyspnea (14.4%), chest discomfort (3.9%), sputum production (1.0%), sore throat (2.9%), and nasal obstruction (1.0%). Fifty-two patients (50.0%) eventually demonstrated abnormal chest CT, and of those with ground glass opacity (GGO), 23 (22.1%) were bilateral and 10 (9.6%) were unilateral. The most common treatment for COVID-19 was administration of antibiotics (25.9%) followed by antivirals (17.3%). Cesarean section was the mode of delivery for half of the women (50.0%), although no information was available for 28.8% of the cases. Regarding obstetrical and neonatal outcomes, fetal distress (13.5%), pre-labor rupture of membranes (9.6%), prematurity (8.7%), fetal death (4.8%), and abortion (2.9%) were reported. There are no positive results of neonatal infection by RT-PCR. (5) Conclusions: Although we have found that pregnancy with COVID-19 has significantly higher maternal mortality ratio compared to that of pregnancy without the disease, the evidence is too weak to state that COVID-19 results in poorer maternal outcome due to multiple factors. The number of COVID-19 pregnancy outcomes was not large enough to draw a conclusion and long-term outcomes are yet to be determined as the pandemic is still unfolding. Active and intensive follow-up is needed in order to provide robust data for future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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20. Efficacy of Corticosteroids in Patients with SARS, MERS and COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Author

Lee, Keum Hwa, Yoon, Sojung, Jeong, Gwang Hun, Kim, Jong Yeob, Han, Young Joo, Hong, Sung Hwi, Ryu, Seohyun, Kim, Jae Seok, Lee, Jun Young, Yang, Jae Won, Lee, Jinhee, Solmi, Marco, Koyanagi, Ai, Dragioti, Elena, Jacob, Louis, Radua, Joaquim, Smith, Lee, Oh, Hans, Tizaoui, Kalthoum, and Cargnin, Sarah

Subjects
COVID-19, MIDDLE East respiratory syndrome, SARS disease, META-analysis, RANDOM effects model
Abstract

(1) Background: The use of corticosteroids in critical coronavirus infections, including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), or Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has been controversial. However, a meta-analysis on the efficacy of steroids in treating these coronavirus infections is lacking. (2) Purpose: We assessed a methodological criticism on the quality of previous published meta-analyses and the risk of misleading conclusions with important therapeutic consequences. We also examined the evidence of the efficacy of corticosteroids in reducing mortality in SARS, MERS and COVID-19. (3) Methods: PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science were used to identify studies published until 25 April 2020, that reported associations between steroid use and mortality in treating SARS/MERS/COVID-19. Two investigators screened and extracted data independently. Searches were restricted to studies on humans, and articles that did not report the exact number of patients in each group or data on mortality were excluded. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) under the fixed- and random-effect model. (4) Results: Eight articles (4051 patients) were eligible for inclusion. Among these selected studies, 3416 patients were diagnosed with SARS, 360 patients with MERS, and 275 with COVID-19; 60.3% patients were administered steroids. The meta-analyses including all studies showed no differences overall in terms of mortality (OR 1.152, 95% CI 0.631–2.101 in the random effects model, p = 0.645). However, this conclusion might be biased, because, in some studies, the patients in the steroid group had more severe symptoms than those in the control group. In contrast, when the meta-analysis was performed restricting only to studies that used appropriate adjustment (e.g., time, disease severity), there was a significant difference between the two groups (HR 0.378, 95% CI 0.221–0.646 in the random effects model, p < 0.0001). Although there was no difference in mortality when steroids were used in severe cases, there was a difference among the group with more underlying diseases (OR 3.133, 95% CI 1.670–5.877, p < 0.001). (5) Conclusions: To our knowledge, this study is the first comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis providing the most accurate evidence on the effect of steroids in coronavirus infections. If not contraindicated, and in the absence of side effects, the use of steroids should be considered in coronavirus infection including COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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22. Anthropometric Variables as Predictors of Semen Parameters and Fertility Outcomes after Varicocelectomy.

Author

Abou Ghayda, Ramy, El-Doueihi, Robert Zakhia, Lee, Jun Young, Bulbul, Muhammad, Abou Heidar, Nassib, Bulbul, Jad, Asmar, Samer, Hong, Sung Hwi, Yang, Jae Won, Kronbichler, Andreas, and Shin, Jae Il

Subjects
VARICOCELE, SEMEN, BODY mass index, INFERTILITY treatment, MALE infertility, FERTILITY, HUMAN artificial insemination
Abstract

Varicocele is the most common correctable male infertility factor and varicocelectomy has been a mainstay in the management of infertility. However, the role of varicocelectomy as a treatment option has been controversial, and the scientific debate around it is still ongoing. Our study aimed to explore the role of anthropometric variables of infertile patients and their relation to sperm parameters following varicocelectomy. The outcome of 124 infertile patients who underwent open sub-inguinal varicocelectomy by a single surgeon over the last ten years was studied. Post varicocelectomy, four semen parameters (volume, total count, motility, and morphology) were analyzed and adjusted according to anthropometric variables including age, varicocele grade, and body mass index (BMI) of patients. Total count and motility were significantly improved after surgery. Varicocelectomy improved semen parameters, notably the count and the motility, especially in younger patients, lower grades of varicocele patients, and low BMI patients. In addition, BMI was positively correlated with volume in pre-varicocelectomy and post-varicocelectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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23. Clinical Interventions and All-Cause Mortality of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: An Umbrella Systematic Review of Meta-Analyses.

Author

Kim, Jong Yeob, Steingroever, Johanna, Lee, Keum Hwa, Oh, Jun, Choi, Min Jae, Lee, Jiwon, Larkins, Nicholas G., Schaefer, Franz, Hong, Sung Hwi, Jeong, Gwang Hun, Shin, Jae Il, and Kronbichler, Andreas

Subjects
CHRONIC kidney failure, CHRONICALLY ill, META-analysis, CORONARY artery bypass, PERCUTANEOUS coronary intervention
Abstract

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have altered physiologic processes, which result in different treatment outcomes compared with the general population. We aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy of clinical interventions in reducing mortality of patients with CKD. We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCT) or observational studies (OS) studying the effect of treatment on all-cause mortality of patients with CKD. The credibility assessment was based on the random-effects summary estimate, heterogeneity, 95% prediction intervals, small study effects, excess significance, and credibility ceilings. Ninety-two articles yielded 130 unique meta-analyses. Convincing evidence from OSs supported mortality reduction with three treatments: angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers for patients not undergoing dialysis, warfarin for patients with atrial fibrillation not undergoing dialysis, and (at short-term) percutaneous coronary intervention compared to coronary artery bypass grafting for dialysis patients. Two treatment comparisons were supported by highly credible evidence from RCTs in terms of all-cause mortality. These were high-flux hemodialysis (HD) versus low-flux HD as a maintenance HD method and statin versus less statin or placebo for patients not undergoing dialysis. Most significant associations identified in OSs failed to be replicated in RCTs. Associations of high credibility from RCTs were in line with current guidelines. Given the heterogeneity of CKD, it seems hard to assume mortality reductions based on findings from OSs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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24. Tumor Mutational Burden and Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Author

Kim, Jong Yeob, Kronbichler, Andreas, Eisenhut, Michael, Hong, Sung Hwi, van der Vliet, Hans J., Kang, Jeonghyun, Shin, Jae Il, and Gamerith, Gabriele

Subjects
ANTINEOPLASTIC agents, THERAPEUTIC use of monoclonal antibodies, CANCER patients, CONFIDENCE intervals, MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems, MEDLINE, META-analysis, GENETIC mutation, ONLINE information services, SURVIVAL, TUMOR markers, TUMORS, SYSTEMATIC reviews, TREATMENT effectiveness, PREDICTIVE tests, EVALUATION
Abstract

Tumor mutational burden (TMB) is a genomic biomarker that predicts favorable responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Here, we set out to assess the predictive value of TMB on long-term survival outcomes in patients undergoing ICIs. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL and clinicaltrials.gov from inception to 6 August 2019. We included retrospective studies or clinical trials of ICIs that reported hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival (OS) and/or progression-free survival (PFS) according to TMB. Data on 5712 patients from 26 studies were included. Among patients who received ICIs, high TMB groups showed better OS (HR 0.53, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.67) and PFS (HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.67) compared to low TMB groups. In patients with high TMB, those who received ICIs had a better OS (HR 0.69, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.95) and PFS (HR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.47 to 0.92) compared to those who received chemotherapy alone, while in patients with low TMB, such ICI benefits of OS or PFS were not statistically significant. In conclusion, TMB may be an effective biomarker to predict survival in patients undergoing ICI treatment. The role of TMB in identifying patient groups who may benefit from ICIs should be determined in future randomized controlled trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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25. Hyperprogressive Disease during Anti-PD-1 (PDCD1) / PD-L1 (CD274) Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Author

Kim, Jong Yeob, Lee, Keum Hwa, Kang, Jeonghyun, Borcoman, Edith, Saada-Bouzid, Esma, Kronbichler, Andreas, Hong, Sung Hwi, de Rezende, Leandro Fórnias Machado, Ogino, Shuji, Keum, Nana, Song, Mingyang, Luchini, Claudio, van der Vliet, Hans J., Shin, Jae Il, and Gamerith, Gabriele

Subjects
APOPTOSIS, CELL receptors, CONFIDENCE intervals, LACTATE dehydrogenase, LUNG cancer, META-analysis, MONOCLONAL antibodies, RISK assessment, TUMORS, SYSTEMATIC reviews, DISEASE progression, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, ODDS ratio
Abstract

Hyperprogressive disease (HPD) is a recently acknowledged pattern of rapid tumor progression after the initiation of immune checkpoint inhibitors. HPD has been observed across various types of tumors and has been associated with poor survival. We performed a meta-analysis to identify baseline (i.e., prior to programmed cell death 1 [PD-1, PDCD1] / programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 [PD-L1, CD274] inhibitor therapy) patient factors associated with risks of developing HPD during PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy. We searched eight databases until 6 June 2019. We calculated the summary odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) using the random-effects model and explored between-study heterogeneity and small-study effects. A total of nine articles was eligible (217 HPD cases, 1519 cancer patients) for meta-analysis. There was no standard definition of HPD, and the incidence of HPD ranged from 1 to 30%. We identified twenty-three baseline patient factors, of which five factors were statistically significantly associated with HPD. These were serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) above the upper normal limit (OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.02–3.49, p = 0.043), more than two metastatic sites (OR = 1.86, 1.34–2.57, p < 0.001), liver metastases (OR = 3.33, 2.07–5.34, p < 0.001), Royal Marsden Hospital prognostic score of 2 or above (OR = 3.33, 1.96–5.66, p < 0.001), and positive PD-L1 expression status that was inversely correlated with HPD (OR = 0.60, 0.36–0.99, p = 0.044). Between-study heterogeneity was low. Evidence of small-study effect was found in one association (PD-L1 expression). Subset analyses of patients with non-small cell lung cancer showed similar results. Future studies are warranted to identify underlying molecular mechanisms and to test their roles as predictive biomarkers of HPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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26. Effect of Statin on Cancer Incidence: An Umbrella Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Author

Jeong, Gwang Hun, Lee, Keum Hwa, Kim, Jong Yeob, Eisenhut, Michael, Kronbichler, Andreas, van der Vliet, Hans J., Hong, Sung Hwi, Shin, Jae Il, and Gamerith, Gabriele

Subjects
META-analysis, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, LIVER cancer, CANCER, ESOPHAGEAL cancer
Abstract

Statins are reported to reduce the risk of cancer, but the results of various published studies have been contradictory. We carried out an umbrella review to provide an overview and understand the strength of evidence, extent of potential biases, and validity of claimed associations between the use of statins and cancer incidence. We comprehensively re-analyzed the data of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies on associations between statin use and cancer incidence. We also assessed the strength of evidence of the re-analyzed outcomes, which were determined from the criteria including statistical significance of the p-value of random-effects, as well as fixed-effects meta-analyses, small study effects, between-study heterogeneity, and a 95% prediction interval. Using a conventional method to assess the significance of meta-analysis (p-value < 0.05), statins had a statistically significant effect on reducing cancer incidence in 10 of 18 types of cancer. When we graded the level of evidence, no cancer type showed convincing evidence, and four cancers (esophageal cancer, hematological cancer, leukemia, and liver cancer) showed suggestive evidence of a preventive effect. There was weak evidence of an association with six cancers, and no significance for the remaining eight cancers. None of the meta-analyses of RCTs on the association of statin and cancer incidence showed a statistical significance. Although there was a preventive effect of statin on cancer incidence in 10 of the 18 cancer types, the evidence supporting the use of statins to reduce cancer incidence was low. Therefore, the associations between statin use and cancer incidence should be carefully considered by clinicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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