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"Oceans Under Glass: Tank Craft & the Sciences of the Sea" by Samantha Muka explores the intricate world of large public aquariums and the craft of creating complex tank systems. The book highlights the role of specialized aquaria in shaping our understanding of the undersea world and scientific knowledge. Muka also gives credit to the community of hobbyists, engineers, and experts in "tank craft" who have contributed to advancements in tank technology. The book covers various aspects of aquarium history, including photography and film aquariums, tanks for delicate animals like jellyfish, reef tanks, and breeding tanks. It also addresses the impact of intensive harvesting on natural populations and the potential of aquaria in conserving threatened species. Overall, "Oceans Under Glass" offers a unique perspective on the intersection of technology, science, and marine biology. [Extracted from the article]

The 150th anniversary of Johan Hjort's birth was celebrated by a symposium held in Bergen on 12–14 June 2019 to take a broad perspective on the origins of, and developments in, fisheries science and thereby examine current issues in fisheries science from different perspectives. To establish this type of non-traditional forum, historians of marine science and marine researchers from around the world met to explore potential new directions. The many transdisciplinary panel discussions, especially on subjects such as "the making of fisheries scientists", revealed the pervading influence of family, educators, role models, and social circumstances. The 11 articles included in this symposium issue present a series of advancements in modern fisheries science, highlighting the contributions of Hjort and his contemporaries, Fyodor Baranov and Harald Dannevig. As expected, the effects of changing ocean climate were a dominant theme, which connected this symposium, and complemented, the 2014 symposium in honour of Johan Hjort's influential treatise released in 1914. Although no ground-breaking paradigms were presented, several new research directions were proposed in a creative atmosphere generated by participants. The social context of science had a key influence in Hjort's day and continues to do so today and into the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study that determines the effect of the bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus on necrotizing fasciitis (NF) in diabetic patient. It highlights the case of a 59-year-old female with a medical history of diabetes mellitus type II, presented with abdominal pain along with other complaints. It offers explanation of the effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus and suggests that patients with NF should be treated aggressively to avoid mortality.

BACKGROUND: Fibroadenomas are benign breast tumors; however, more aggressive lesions may mimic or arise within fibroadenomas. We sought to define criteria identifying patients who should undergo surgical excision. METHODS: Patients with a preoperative diagnosis of fibroadenoma, who underwent surgical excision between 2002 and 2011, were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with final pathologic diagnosis of fibroadenoma were compared with those with non-fibroadenoma pathology. RESULTS: Of the 723 patients, 681 (94%) had fibroadenomas on final pathology. The incidence of non-fibroadenoma pathology was 6% (42 patients) and included benign phylloides (23), malignant phylloides (2), atypical ductal hyperplasia (1), intraductal papilloma (5), and other benign pathology (11). No cases of adenocarcinoma were identified. Non-fibroadenoma pathology was associated with age >35, immobile or poorly circumscribed mass, size >2.5 cm, and biopsy not definitive for fibroadenoma. CONCLUSION: Patients with age >35 years, immobile or poorly circumscribed mass, size >2.5 cm, or biopsy not definitive for fibroadenoma should undergo surgical excision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By leading the Canadian Fisheries Expedition of 1914–1915 Johan Hjort took the opportunity to do far more than just survey herring, other fish stocks, and the hydrography of Canadian Atlantic waters. He also attempted to improve the backward fish-processing technologies used in the local fisheries, an agenda blocked by the Canadian government. Hjort did succeed markedly, however, in introducing Canadian scientists to the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea's new scientific methods for fisheries research. He and his colleagues offered training in the new dynamic oceanography as well as population demographic studies and biometrics for studying fish populations, races, and other units. His extroverted leadership-initiated lasting linkages between Canadian and Scandinavian scientists, and created an international network of fisheries biologists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an environmentally focused, applied field science, fisheries biology has recently been marked by its failed promise to enable sustainable exploitation. Fisheries biology's origin through state support raises many questions. How did fisheries biologists get this support? Did political considerations and economic ideals fundamentally shape the science? Why has it been perceived as fundamentally conservation oriented? New evidence indicates the political basis for Thomas Henry Huxley's contention that the deep-sea fisheries were inexhaustible; this essay shows how his influence extended to recent neoliberal resource management solutions. It also explores how fisheries biology acquired the ideal of maximum sustained yield (MSY) via Progressive Era efficiency conservation and German scientific forestry; how American Cold War foreign policy made this ideal paradigmatic of mid to late twentieth-century fisheries biology; and how emerging bioeconomics in the 1950s imposed a troublesome misunderstanding of fisheries biology's earlier mission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fourteen of 20 plant species surveyed produced root cap exudates that induced a state of reversible quiescence in Meloidogyne incognita and Caenorhabditis elegans. Exudate from six species failed to induce quiescence in either nematode species. Root cap exudates from pea were found to trigger quiescence in populations of plant-parasitic, animal-parasitic, insect-pathogenic, and free-living nematode species. One animal parasite was resistant. Caenorhabditis elegans strains with defects in known metabolic pathways also were screened to explore the potential for using this model system to examine the genetic basis for exudates-induced quiescence (EIQ). All 62 lines tested exhibited wild type sensitivity to root cap exudates and preliminary efforts to obtain viable EIQ-resistant strains by ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) mutagenesis were unsuccessful. After recovery from EIQ, penetration of alfalfa roots by second-stage juveniles of M. incognita more than doubled within 24 h, compared with controls, and the number of nematodes per root remained high for a week but long-term development and maturation was similar to that of untreated control inoculum. In cucumber, penetration after recovery from EIQ increased by several fold but returned to control levels within 4 days post-inoculation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four models of leisure constraint negotiation (independence, buffer, mitigation, reduction) based on competing views of how constraint, negotiation, and motivation are interconnected and influence participation were tested using regression and structural equation modeling procedures. Full-time employees (N = 186, X[sub age] = 36.7 years, 64.5 percent females) of four companies with similar work site recreation services completed a survey measuring participation in work site physical recreation activities, constraint on participation, negotiation resources, and motivation to participate. Strong support was found for the constraint - effects - mitigation model. Though constraints decreased the level of participation, they also triggered greater use of negotiation resources, which counteracted their negative effects. Stronger health and enjoyment motives also resulted in employees increasing negotiation efforts. The results support several of the constraint negotiation propositions developed by Jackson, Crawford, and Godbey (1993) and a theoretical model that clarifies the role of motivation and distinguishes between the negotiatory and facilitatory functions of negotiation resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ubiquitination plays a vital role in controlling vascular inflammation, cellular protein quality control, and minimizing misfolded protein toxicity. Pellino-1 (Peli1), a type of E3 ubiquitin ligase, has emerged as a critical regulator of the innate immune response; however, its role in the repair and regeneration of ischemic myocardium remains to be elucidated. Mice (8-12 weeks old, male and females) were divided into (i) Wild type (ii) cardiomyocyte-specific Peli1 overexpressed (AMPEL1Tg/+), (iii) cardiomyocyte-specific Peli1 knockout (CP1KO) and were subjected to sham and left anterior descending artery ligation. The tissues were collected at various time points after surgery for Western blot, and immunohistochemical analyses. Echocardiography is performed 30 days after myocardial infarction. Cardiomyocytes isolated from wild-type, Peli1 overexpressed and knockout mice were used to study the interaction between cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells in vitro under oxidative stress and cells were used for Western blot, flow cytometric analysis, and scratch assay. We observed faster wound closure and increased expression of angiogenic factors with MCECs treated with conditioned media obtained from the AMPEL1Tg/+ cardiomyocytes compared to CPIKO and WT cardiomyocytes. Again, AMPEL1Tg/+MI mice showed preserved systolic function and reduced fibrosis compared to the CPIKOMI and WTMI groups. Capillary and arteriolar density were found to be increased in AMPEL1Tg/+MI compared to CP1KOMI. Increased survival and angiogenic factors such as p-Akt, p-MK2, p-IkBα, VEGF, cIAP2, and Bcl2 were observed in AMPEL1Tg/+ compared to CP1KO and WT mice subjected to MI. The present study uncovers the crucial role of cardiac Peli1 as a regulator of the repair and regeneration of ischemic myocardium by using multiple genetically engineered mouse models. [Display omitted] • Peli1 deletion worsen cardiac function after myocardial infarction. • Cardiomyocytes rich with Peli1 triggers angiogenic signal in ischemic heart. • Clear cross-talk between Peli1 overexpressed cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells. • Peli1 regulated pro-and anti-apoptotic molecules under oxidative stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]