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This article aims to discuss a novel surgical strategy, referred to as unilateral bi/multi-portal endoscopy (UME), which used a uniaxial spinal endoscope instead of an arthroscope in the traditional unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) surgical procedure in our study of the treatment of complicated lumbar degenerative diseases.Methods: This retrospective study included 42 patients diagnosed with high-migrated lumbar disc herniation and bilateral spinal stenosis who underwent UME surgery from January 2021 to December 2021. Patients included 20 men and 22 women, with an average age of 55.97± 14.92 years. The average follow-up period was 13.19 months. The demographic data, operation time (min), and complications were recorded and analyzed. The visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores were used to evaluate the surgical outcomes. Three-dimensional CT scans and MRI were conducted to evaluate the radiographic improvement.Results: A total of 26 patients were diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation and 16 with lumbar spinal stenosis. All 42 patients underwent UME surgery and achieved satisfactory outcomes. The operation time was 154.46± 46.09 min. The average follow-up time was 13.19± 1.33 months. The preoperative back pain (VAS-Back) and the last follow-up VAS-Back were 3.84± 1.00 and 0.70± 0.46, respectively (P < 0.05). The preoperative leg pain (VAS-Leg) and the last follow-up VAS-Leg were 6.46± 1.08 and 1.03± 0.64, respectively (P < 0.05). Significant differences existed between preoperative ODI scores (58.70± 11.22%) and the last follow-up ODI scores (9.24± 3.04%; P< 0.05). All patients achieved significant pain relief and functional improvement after the surgery. No severe complications occurred, except for two cases of postoperative dysesthesia and one case suffered from vertebral compression fractures induced by a postoperative accidental injury. Symptoms of numbness disappeared within one week with treatment using dexamethasone and neurotrophic drugs. The vertebral fracture case recovered with percutaneous kyphoplasty treatment.Conclusion: This study suggests that UME is a promising treatment strategy for high-migrated disc herniation and bilateral spinal stenosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sulfur deposition has an important effect on the productivity of sour-gas wells. Accurately predicting the occurrence of sulfur deposition and the location and amount of sulfur deposition in wellbore can effectively guide the production of gas wells. In this paper, the wellbore sulfur deposition model, pressure model, and transient temperature model are established for various well types. Then, numerical simulations of sulfur deposition in the sour-gas well were conducted by coupling these models. Examples show that the proposed methodology has high accuracy, and the average relative error of the calculated results is 3.61%. Based on the model, a sensitivity analysis was performed on the factors affecting sulfur deposition. The results show that with the increase of wellbore inclination angle, the critical sulfur carrying velocity first increased and then decreased, and the maximum critical velocity is about 30% larger than that of the vertical section. The amount of wellbore sulfur deposition increases with increased production time and decreased wellbore pressure, and the amount of wellbore sulfur deposition decreases with increased gas production rate, H2S content, and inclination angle. The results suggest that the sour-gas reservoir should be developed with the horizontal or deviated well, timely adjust the production system, and keep the gas-well production higher than the critical flow rate as much as possible. At the same time, wellbore heating and insulation, pre-cleaning technology, and the closely implemented sulfur deposition prevention technology in the middle and late stage of development can be adopted to reduce the occurrence of sulfur deposition to ensure the safe and efficient development of high-sulfur gas wells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A divergent efficient assembly of disubstituted 1,2,4-triazoles was established by cyclization of readily accessible N ′-nitro-2-hydrocarbylidene-hydrazinecarboximidamides with moderate to excellent yields under mild reaction conditions. This divergent synthetic strategy was achieved simply by varying the reaction conditions. Under acidic conditions, amino-1,2,4-triazoles were obtained by an intramolecular redox reaction involving the NO2 group. Control experiments and DFT studies revealed that this transformation proceeds via an intramolecular 1,3-hydride transfer pathway leading to HNO2 elimination. Under neutral conditions with water as the solvent, nitroimino-1,2,4-triazoles were obtained by oxidative intramolecular annulation under air. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND Strobilurin fungicides are some of the most potent and successful agrochemicals. However, continued use of traditional strobilurins has led to the emergence of fungicide‐resistant biotypes. Thus, a supply of new strobilurin fungicides is highly valuable. In this study, a series of novel methoxyacrylate analogs containing a cyano‐substituted hydrazine moiety as the side chain was synthesized and evaluated for their anti‐plant pathogenic activities. RESULTS: Compounds 2‐04, 2‐05, 2‐07 and 2‐14 exhibited a relatively broad range of fungicidal activity. Compounds 2‐04, 2‐13 and 2‐14 exhibited good fungicidal activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum with median effective concentrations (EC50) of 3.84, 3.50 and 3.80 μg mL−1, respectively. Most of these compounds showed excellent inhibition of spore germination in Magnaporthe grisea at 25 μg mL−1. Moreover, in an in vivo test, compounds 2‐02, 2‐04, 2‐07 and 2‐13 exhibited potent fungicidal activities against the tested plant diseases at 400 μg mL−1. Notably, compound 2‐07 showed comparable or better activity than the commercially positive controls, azoxystrobin and procloraz, against powdery mildew of cucumber and rice blast fungus in the field trails at the same application dosages. CONCLUSON: This study indicated that methoxyacrylate analogs containing a cyano‐substituted hydrazone side chain can serve as potential fungicidal candidates for crop protection. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To reveal the function of CB during disc inflammation due to cumulative damage by detecting CB4R and CB-2R. Methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into experiment group and control group. The experiment group was prepared according to Jill A Ulrich method. Control group was prepared by skin cutting and suturing. Six rats were taken from each group on 3th day, 7th day, and 10th day after the operation. The intervertebral discs were collected. Morphology was observed. Expression of CB4R and CB-2R was detected using real-time PCR. CB-2R protein content was examined using Western blotting. Results Compared with the control group, the annulus rupture and nucleus bleeding were observed in experiment group in 10 days. The expression levels of CB receptor increased significantly in a time-dependent manner. CB-2R protein expression increased more significantly at the 3th day, 7th day, and 10th day in experiment group than that in control group (P < 0. 01). Conclusion CB is involved in the regulation of the rat bone and disc inflammatory reaction due to the cumulative damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

23 Title compounds of type (V) or (VIII) are prepared and tested for their insecticidal and fungicidal activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]