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Background: As the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fifth version (DSM-5) was published, the Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime version (K-SADS-PL) was modified to adapt the new version (K-SADS-PL DSM-5). We translated it to Chinese (K-SADS-PL-C DSM-5) and described its reliability and validity.Methods: A total of 154 groups of 6 to 18-year-old children and their guardians were included. Trained interviewers interviewed subjects using the K-SADS-PL-C DSM-5. Interrater reliability was assessed by audio recording. Parent-reported scales, like child behavior checklist (CBCL), the Chinese version of Swan-son Nolan and Pelham, version IV scale-parent form (SNAP-IV), social responsiveness scale (SRS-1), and children-reported scales like depression self-rating scale for children (DSRSC) and the screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders (SCARED) were used to examine the validity of depressive disorder, ADHD, ASD, and ODD.Results: The K-SADS-PL-C DSM-5 had fair to excellent interrater (0.537-1.000) and test-retest (0.468-0.885) reliability of affective disorder and neurodevelopment disorder. The convergent validity of affective disorder and neurodevelopment disorder was good, and their divergent validity was acceptable.Limitations: i) Clinical questionnaires were insensitive in classifying disorders and had limitations in derived diagnoses. ii) Samples only came from clinical environment, iii) covered limited disease species, and iv) were small.Conclusion: The K-SADS-PL-C DSM-5 can support reliable and valid diagnoses for children with affect, neurodevelopmental, and behavioral disorders in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] To understand how cold tolerance is influenced by altitude and ice nucleating active bacteria (INA) in high altitude environments. Methods: Field conditions were simulated in a laboratory to study the effects of varying the super-cooling point (SCP) and freezing point (FP) of Evergestis extimalis.Results: Super cooling point declined gradually with altitude. For example, the SCP of E. extimalis from Le Du (1 900 m ASL), Xing Ning (2 300 m ASL) and Huang Yuang (3 010 m ASL) were 12.30, 13.39 and14.56, respectively. Variation of SCP and freezing point were correlated with local temperature. The SCP of E. extimalis increased after INA treatment. E. extimalis in the following treatment groups; INA1-1 (Pseudomonas syringae), INA2-1 (P. syringae), INA3-1 (Erwinia pyrifoliae) and the control, had SCPs of -10.72, -13.73, -14.04 and -14.39, respectively in Feb. 2014. Mortality in the INA1-1, INA2-1, INA3-1 treatment groups and the control were 29.09%-36.17%,33.16% and 27.44%, respectively on Nov. 2013.Conclusion: The SCP of E. extimalis decreased with increasing altitude. INA treatment dramatically reduced mortality and increased the SCP of E. extimalis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Effects of analgesia effect of ambulatory labor analgesia and its influence on the mother and fetus. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 177 cases of pregnant women in our hospital from September 2012 to September 2013. According to the mode of delivery, the cases were divided into painless delivery group (n=83) and conventional delivery group (n=94), and compared the two groups in the labor pain score, birth process and newborn situation. Results: Cesarean section rate was significantly lower in painless childbirth group than that in conventional delivery group; the first stage in painless childbirth group is shorter than the conventional delivery group,the second stage of labor was significantly prolonged compared with that in the conventional delivery group (P<0.05), third stage has no significant statistical difference in two groups (P>0.05); painless childbirth pregnant woman the production process of VAS scores were significantly lower than that of conventional delivery group (P<0.05); and the incidence of neonatal Apgar score of two groups of fetal distress were no significant statistical difference (P>0.05); the two group of postpartum hemorrhage and the incidence of bleeding volume were not significantly difference (P>0.05); conventional delivery group no untoward reaction of postpartum, painless labor group 4 cases of orthostatic hypotension (5.6%), 3 cases of lower extremity muscle weakness (4.2%), were after symptomatic treatment in 3 h mitigation. Conclusions: Ambulatory labor analgesia can significantly reduce maternal pain of the production process, and will not lead to severe postpartum complications, fetal harm, is an effective, safe childbirth analgesia method, is worthy of clinical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most studies of mixed culture fermentation for hydrogen production focus on the metabolite distribution under different operational conditions. While, the corresponding microbial dynamics research is limited. The aim of this work was to reveal the microbial community dynamics of extreme-thermophilic mixed culture enriched in a chemostat for hydrogen production with the combining molecular tools of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing platform, and 16S rRNA clone library sequencing. The analyzed results showed that the genera of Caldanaerobius, Caldicellulosiruptor and/or Thermoanaerobacter dominated the bacteria. While archaea were not detected even by Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing. The effects of hydrogen partial pressure or pH increasing from 5.5 to 7.0 on the microbial communities were not notably, and genera of Caldicellulosiruptor and Thermoanaerobacter were the dominants. High hydrogen yield in this chemostat was attributed to the enrichment of Caldicellulosiruptor . While Caldanaerobius dominated the bacteria communities as pH decreased to 4.5. Caldanaerobius and Thermoanaerobacter dominated at high influent glucose concentrations. Thereby, it clearly indicated that the microbial dynamics shall be considered when analyzing the extreme-thermophilic mixed culture fermentation in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The effect of berberine hydrochloride (BBR) on inducible cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in small intestinal mucosa and related mechanisms was investigated in a rat model of acute endotoxemia. The results showed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) increased COX-2 expression, whereas SB202190 and BBR curtailed it. LPS increased phosphorylation of mucosal p38 MAPK and ATF2 as well as production of ATF2, whereas BBR attenuated these effects. LPS upregulated mucosal peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), but BBR reduced this receptor. GW9662 aggravated LPS-induced and reversed BBR-attenuated COX-2 expression. The findings showed that BBR ameliorated COX-2 overexpression partially via modulation of p38 and PPARγ pathways during acute endotoxemia. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Vernoramyosides A-F (1 – 6), six new Δ7,9(11) stigmastane-type steroid saponins, along with four known analogues (7 – 10) were isolated from the leaves of Vernonia amygdalina Delile (Compositae). Their structures were determined by the combination of NMR, ECD and HR-ESI-MS data. These compounds all possessed highly oxidized side chain and a γ-lactam or α , β -unsaturated five-membered lactone ring. All isolates were screened for their activities in reversing resistance in MCF/DOX cells. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]