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The P2RY1 receptor is known to cause cancer by activating the ERK signal pathway, and its DNA methylation status and corresponding regulatory mechanism remain unknown. This study used the DNA methylation chip to profile the genome-wide DNA methylation level in gastric cancer tissues. The proliferation and apoptosis of the SGC7901 gastric cancer cell line were determined after treatment with a selective P2RY1 receptor agonist, MRS2365. The promoter region of P2RY1 was found to be highly methylated with four hypermethylated sites (|Δβ value| > 0.2) in diffuse gastric cancer and was validated by bioinformatics analysis in the TCGA database. Also, immunohistochemical staining data obtained from the HPA database demonstrated the downregulated expression of proteins encoded by P2RY1 in stomach cancer tissue. The analysis of MRS2365-treated cells by annexin V/propidium iodide staining and caspase-3 activity assays indicated the induction of apoptosis in SGC7901 cells. The P2RY1 receptor activation in human SGC7901 gastric cancer cells via the MRS2365 agonist induced apoptosis and reduced cell growth. High DNA methylation in the promoter region of P2RY1 might have contributed to the reduced expression of P2RY1’s mRNA, which was likely responsible for the “aggressive” nature of the diffuse gastric cancer.

为揭示二元酚类复合物的抗氧化相互作用机制，采用碱解法结合有机溶剂对茶叶籽油中酚类化合物进行提取。通过单因素实验及正交实验优化酚类化合物提取工艺条件，采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）分析酚类化合物组成，并对7种酚类化合物及其21组二元复合物的DPPH·清除动力学进行研究。结果表明：茶叶籽油中酚类化合物最佳提取工艺条件为乙酸乙酯为萃取剂、NaOH浓度2.0 mol/L、碱解温度45 ℃、碱解时间5 h、料液比1∶ 15，在最佳条件下总酚含量可达（91.37±1.83）μg/g；共鉴定出22种酚类化合物，总含量达152.181 μg/g，以酚酸类化合物（82.021 μg/g）为主；6,7-二羟基香豆素与龙胆酸的复合物具有强协同作用，二元酚类复合物对DPPH·的清除速率受单体相互作用及起主要抗氧化作用酚类化合物的清除速率的影响，同时酚类化合物的相互作用在抗氧化过程中会发生改变。因此，茶叶籽油的耐储藏性与酚类化合物间的抗氧化协同作用密切相关。 In order to reveal the antioxidant interaction mechanism of binary phenolic compounds, the phenolic compounds were extracted from tea seed oil by alkaline hydrolysis combined with organic solvent extraction. Through single-factor and orthogonal experiments, the extraction process was optimized, the phenolic compounds composition was analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS, and the scavenge kinetics of DPPH· of 7 phenolic compounds and 21 binary phenolic compounds were studied. The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions of phenolic compounds were obtained as follows: with ethyl acetate as extraction solvent, NaOH concentration 2.0 mol/L, alkaline hydrolysis temperature 45 ℃, alkaline hydrolysis time 5 h, material-liquid ratio 1∶ 15. Under these conditions, the total phenols content could reach (91.37±1.83)μg/g. A total of 22 phenolic compounds were identified, with total content of 152.181 μg/g, mainly phenolic acids(82.021 μg/g). The compounds of 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin and gentisic acid had a strong synergistic effect. The scavenge rate of binary phenolic compound on DPPH radical was affected by the monomer interaction and the scavenge rate of the phenolic compound which played a major antioxidant role in the compounds. The interaction of phenolic compounds could alter in the process of antioxidation. The storage resistance of tea seed oil is closely related to the antioxidant synergistic effect of phenolic compounds.

Accurate access to real-time passenger flows on subway platforms helps to refine management in the era of networked operations. The narrow subway platforms suffer from significant crowd scale discrepancies and complex backgrounds when counting passenger flow. In the proposed passenger flow counting algorithm, the feature-enhanced pyramid structure is used to retain the channel information of deep features and eliminate the aliasing effect caused by fusion to enhance the feature representation of the original image and effectively solve the scale problem. The mixed attention mechanism suppresses background interference by capturing the global context relationship and focusing on the target area. On the ShanghaiTech Part_A dataset, the mean absolute error (MAE) and mean square error (MSE) of the proposed algorithm are 2.3% and 1.4% higher than those of the comparison algorithm, respectively. The MAE and MSE on the self-built platform dataset reach 3.1 and 5.7, respectively. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the proposed algorithm is improved and can meet the counting requirements of the subway platform scene., Author(s): Jing Zuo (corresponding author) [1]; Guoyan Liu [1]; Zhao Yu [1] 1. Introduction Crowd counting aims to estimate the number and density distribution of people in images or videos [...]

AbstractDeep-fat frying gives food a desirable color and flavor but inevitably leads to oil deterioration and production of hazards. In this study, the simultaneous generation of multiple hazards under different frying conditions was investigated, the deterioration of frying oil was evaluated, and finally, their correlation was analyzed. The results showed that as the temperature of frying chicken wings increased from 150 to 190 °C, the levels of acrylamide (AA), heterocyclic amines (HCAs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the oil also increased proportionally. At 190 °C, the fried potato oil contained the highest AA content of 2.60 mg·kg−1, while the content of HCAs and PAHs was the highest in fried chicken wings oil, with values of 5.06 μg·kg−1 and 5.18 μg·kg−1, respectively. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural was detected only in fried potato oil. Oil quality deteriorated gradually with increasing frying temperature and heating time, as indicated by increased acid value, carbonyl value, and levels of total polar compounds. Overall, the results indicated hazards were positively correlated with oil deterioration, suggesting that oil deterioration contributed to the generation of hazards. This work links hazards and oil deterioration, which is crucial for improving the quality and safety of fried foods, while reducing negative environmental impacts, and achieving clean production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Curcumin (Cur) is a natural pigment containing a diketone structure, which has attracted extensive attention due to its strong functional activities. However, the low solubility and poor stability of Cur limit its low bioavailability and multi-function. It is essential to develop effective measures to improve the unfavorable nature of Cur and maximize its potential benefits in nutritional intervention. Scope and approach: The focus of this review is to emphasize the construction of lipo-solubility delivery vehicles for Cur, including emulsion, nanoliposome and solid liposome. In addition, the potential benefits of vehicles-encapsulated Cur in the field of precise nutrition were summarized, including high targeting properties and multiple disease interventions. Further, the deficiencies and prospects of Cur encapsulated in vehicles for precise nutrition were discussed. Key findings and conclusions: The well-designed lipo-solubility delivery vehicles for Cur can improve its stability in food processing and the digestion in vivo. To meet the nutritional requirements of special people for Cur-based products, the improvement of the bioavailability by using delivery vehicles will provide a theoretical basis for the precise nutrition of Cur in functional food. HIGHLIGHTS: Structural properties and bioavailability of curcumin were summarized. The practical problems and challenges in the utilization of curcumin were discussed. Various technologies for preparing lipo-solubility delivery vehicles for curcumin were described. The design of delivery vehicles for curcumin and intervention strategies in precise nutrition was reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Network-based pharmacological analysis of the molecular mechanism of Gong Ying detoxification lotion with soaking agent in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. We used the traditional Chinese medicine system pharmacology analysis platform (Tcmsp) and the BATMAN-TCM database to retrieve the active ingredients of the drug in the Gong Ying detoxification lotion, and used the UniProt database to obtain the predicted target and to explore the potential targets of the Diabetic foot ulcers; the String platform was used to construct the protein interaction Action network; the data were analyzed by GO and KEGG pathway enrichment, and finally Cytoscape software used to construct the '' Gong Ying detoxification lotion component-Diabetic foot ulcers target-pathway'' network. The core active ingredients of Gong Ying detoxification lotion in the treatment of Diabetic foot ulcers were found to be quercetin, choline, wogonin. The biological pathways mainly involved involve classical pathways operating in cancer including the HIF-1 signaling pathway. This study in reveals the characteristics of multi-target and multi-path combination of Gong Ying to treat Diabetic foot ulcers, and provides research ideas and theoretical basis for further treatment of Diabetic foot ulcers.

In spite of recent advances in the field of undernutrition, current dietary therapy relying on the supply of high protein high calorie formulas is still plagued with transient recovery of impaired organs resulting in significant relapse of cases. This is partly attributed to the inadequacy of current research models in recapitulating clinical undernutrition for mechanistic exploration. Using 1636 Macaca fascicularis monkeys, a human‐relevant criterion for determining undernutrition weight‐for‐age z‐score (WAZ), with a cutoff point of ≤ −1.83 is established as the benchmark for identifying undernourished nonhuman primates (U‐NHPs). In U‐NHPs, pathological anomalies in multi‐organs are revealed. In particular, severe dysregulation of hepatic lipid metabolism characterized by impaired fatty acid oxidation due to mitochondria dysfunction, but unlikely peroxisome disorder, is identified as the anchor metabolic aberration in U‐NHPs. Mitochondria dysfunction is typified by reduced mito‐number, accumulated long‐chain fatty acids, and disruption of OXPHOS complexes. Soy peptide‐treated U‐NHPs increase in WAZ scores, in addition to attenuated mitochondria dysfunction and restored OXPHOS complex levels. Herein, innovative criteria for identifying U‐NHPs are developed, and unknown molecular mechanisms of undernutrition are revealed hitherto, and it is further proved that soypeptide supplementation reprogramed mitochondrial function to re‐establish lipid metabolism balance and mitigated undernutrition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetes mellitus is a common disorder of endocrine and metabolic disorders. Long term hyperglycemia can lead to a variety of serious chronic complications, such as diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetes cardiovascular disease, and so on, threatening human life, health and safety. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is one of the most commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. Flavonoids are the main effective components of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. The flavonoids are mainly baicalin, baicalein, wogonoside and wogonin. The four have the effects of improving the renal function, insulin resistance and retinopathy of type 2 diabetic patients. The aim of this review is to summarize the pathogenesis and clinical research progress of baicalin, baicalein, wogonoside and wogonin in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications.