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Meng Zhang,1–3,* Tingting Fang,1–3,* Kai Wang,1–3,* Hongbing Mei,3 Zhaojie Lv,3 Feng Wang,3 Zhiming Cai,3 Chaozhao Liang1,2 1Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 2Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 3Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work Abstract: Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a kind of chemokine that plays an important role in the development and progression of many human malignancies. Previous studies have uncovered that polymorphisms in IL-8 is associated with the risk of many cancer types, but the results were inconsistent and inconclusive. In the present study, we aimed to explore the roles of IL-8 polymorphisms (rs2227307, rs2227306, +678T/C, rs1126647, and +1633C/T) and cancer risk through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Potential source of heterogeneity was sought out through sensitivity analysis. Desirable data were extracted and registered into databases. Finally, a total of ten publications comprising of 22 case–control studies, including 4,259 cases and 7,006 controls were ultimately eligible for the meta-analysis. No significant association was uncovered for all the five polymorphisms and the overall cancer risk. However, in the stratification analysis by cancer type, a significantly decreased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma was identified for rs2227306 polymorphism (T vs C: odds ratio [OR] =0.721, 95% confidence interval [CI] =0.567–0.916, Pz=0.007; TT vs CC: OR =0.447, 95% CI =0.274–0.728, Pz=0.001; TT vs TC + CC: OR =0.480, 95% CI =0.304–0.760, Pz=0.002). In conclusion, our data shows that rs2227306 polymorphism plays a protective role in hepatocellular carcinoma risk. Future well-designed studies with a larger sample size

Meng Zhang,1,2,* Xiuxiu Tan,1,* Junjie Huang,3,* Lijuan Xie,1 Hao Wang,1 Jizhou Shi,4 Wei Lu,1 Zhaojie Lv,1 Hongbing Mei,1 Chaozhao Liang21Department of Urology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Clinical Medicine of Anhui Medical University, 2Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 3Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 4Department of Urology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Peoples Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this workBackground: Several epidemiological studies have illustrated that polymorphisms in interleukin-2 (IL-2) were associated with diverse cancer types. However, recently published statistics were inconsistent and inconclusive. Therefore, the current meta-analysis was performed to elaborate the effects of IL-2 polymorphisms (rs2069762 and rs2069763) on cancer susceptibility.Material and methods: A total of 5,601 cancer cases and 7,809 controls from 21 published case–control studies were enrolled in our meta-analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to assess the association between IL-2 polymorphisms and cancer susceptibility.Results: Our study demonstrated an increased susceptibility to cancer in rs2069762 (G vs T: OR =1.268, 95% CI =1.113–1.445; GG vs TT: OR =1.801, 95% CI =1.289–2.516; GT vs TT: OR =1.250, 95% CI =1.061–1.473; GG + GT vs TT: OR =1.329, 95% CI =1.118–1.579; GG vs GT + TT: OR =1.536, 95% CI =1.162–2.030). In the subgroup analysis, increased susceptibility to cancer was identified in the hospital-based group and PHWE<0.05 (P-value of the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium [HWE]) group. In addition, a positive association with cancer susceptibility was observed among both Chinese and non-Chinese. However, no relationship was detected

Purpose: The aims of this study were to evaluate the clinical significance and potential prognostic value of pregnancy up-regulated non-ubiquitous calmodulin kinase (PNCK) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients. Materials and Methods: The expression of PNCK mRNA was determined in 24 paired samples of ccRCCs and adjacent normal tissues using real-time RT-PCR. The expression of PNCK was determined in 248 samples of ccRCCs and 92 paired samples of adjacent normal tissues by immunohistochemical analysis. Statistical analysis was performed to define the relationship between PNCK expression and the clinical features of ccRCC. Results: The mRNA level of PNCK was significantly higher in tumorous tissues than in the adjacent non-tumorous tissues (p<0.001). An immunohistochemical analysis of 92 paired tissue specimens showed that PNCK expression was higher in tumorous tissues than in the adjacent non-tumorous tissues (p<0.001). Moreover, there was a significant correlation between the PNCK expression and various clinicopathological parameters such as Fuhrman grade (p = 0.011), tumor size (p<0.001), T stage (p<0.001) and N stage (p = 0.015). Patients with higher PNCK expression had shorter overall survival time than those with lower PNCK expression (p<0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that PNCK expression was an independent predictor for poor survival of ccRCC patients. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study that determines the relationship between PNCK and prognosis in ccRCC. We found that increased PNCK expression is associated with poor prognosis in ccRCC. PNCK may represent a novel prognostic marker for ccRCC.