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8. Combined portal and hepatic vein embolisation in perihilar cholangiocarcinoma

Author

Chevallier, Patrick, Wigmore, Stephen, Newhook, Timothy, Vauthey, Jean-Nicolas, Memeo, Riccardo, Dasari, Bobby VM., Braunwarth, Eva, Aldrighetti, Luca, van Baardewijk, Laurens, Barbier, Louise, Binkert, Christoph, Björnsson, Bergthor, Andorrà, Esteban Cugat, Arslan, Bulent, Baclija, Ivan, Bemelmans, Marc, Bent, Clare, de Boer, Marieke T., Bokkers, Reinoud P.H., de Boo, Diederick, Breen, David, Breitenstein, Stefan, Bruners, Philipp, Cappelli, Alberta, Carling, Ulrik, Casellas i Robert, Margarida, Chan, Benjamin, De Cobelli, Franceso, Cha, Charles, Choi, Julian, Crawford, Michael, Croagh, Daniel, van Dam, Ronald, Deprez, Fabrice, Detry, Olivier, Dewulf, Maxime, Díaz-Nieto, Rafael, Dili, Alexandra, Erdmann, Joris I., Font, Jaume Codina, Davis, Rob, Delle, Martin, Fernando, Rukshan, Oliver fisher, Fouraschen, Suomi, Fretland, Åsmund A., Fundora, Yilian, Gelabert, Arantxa, Gerard, Laurent, Gobardhan, Paul, Gómez, Fernando, Guiliante, Felice, Gruenberger, Thomas, Grochola, Lukasz Filip, Grünhagen, Dirk, Giménez, Josep Guitart, Hagendoorn, Jeroen, Heil, Jan, Heise, Daniel, Herrero, Eric, Hess, Gebriel, Hilal, Mohammed Abu, Hoffmann, Martin, Iezzi, Roberto, Imani, Farshad, Inmutto, Nakarin, James, Sinead, Garcia Borobia, Francisco Javier, Jovine, Elio, Kalil, Jennifer, Kingham, Peter, Clarunis, Otto Kollmar, Kleeff, Jörg, van der Leij, Christiaan, Lopez-Ben, Santiago, Macdonald, Andrew, Meijerink, Martijn, Korenblik, Remon, Lapisatepun, Worakitti, Leclercq, Wouter, Lindsay, Richard, Lucidi, Valerio, Madoff, David C., Martel, Guillaume, Mehrzad, Homoyon, Menon, Krishna, Metrakos, Peter, Modi, Sachin, Moelker, Adriaan, Montanari, Nicola, Moragues, Jaume Sampere, López, Jordi Navinés, Neumann, Ulf, Nguyen, Julian, Peddu, Praveen, Primrose, John, Damink, Steven Olde, Qu, Xudong, Raptis, Dimitri A., Ratti, Francesca, Ryan, Stephen, Ridouani, Fourat, Borel Rinkes, Inne H.M., Rogan, Chris, Ronellenfitsch, Ulrich, Serenari, Matteo, Salik, Aysun, Sallemi, Claudio, Sandström, Per, Martin, Ernesto Santos, Sarría, Luis, Schadde, Erik, Serrablo, Alejandro, Settmacher, Utz, Smits, Jens, Smits, Maarten, Snitzbauer, Andreas, Soonawalla, Zahir, Sparrelid, Ernesto, Spuentrup, Elmar, Stavrou, Gregor, Sutcliffe, Robert, Tancredi, Ilario, Tasse, Jordan C., Teichgräber, Ulf, Udupa, Venkatesha, Valenti, David A., Vass, David, Vogl, Thomas, Wang, Xiaoying, White, Steven, De Wispelaere, Jean-François, Wohlgemuth, Walter, YU, Dominic, Zijlstra, Ijsbrand, Chau, Steven, Tschögl, Madita, Arntz, Pieter, Bednarsch, Jan, Abreu de Carvalho, Luis, Erdmann, Joris, Hermie, Laurens, Denys, Alban, Melloul, Emmanuel, Van der Leij, Christiaan, and van Dam, Ronald M.

Published
2024
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10. Nationwide Outcomes following Percutaneous Cholecystostomy for Acute Calculous Cholecystitis and the Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019: Results of the Multicentre Audit of Cholecystostomy and Further Interventions (MACAFI study)

Author

Brittenden, John, Stockell, David, Palanimuthu, Vinesh, Shahin, Yousef, Hersey, Naomi, Geh, Thomas, Kang, Joe, Sukhanenko, Maria, Yin, Zheng Dao, Pang, Wei Sheng, McGowan, Dominic, Saraswat, Lokesh, Ali, Nabil, Mahay, Usman, Harborne, Katrina, Chivate, Rahul, Nourzaie, Romman, Burke, Niall, Thomson, Benedict, Makris, Gregory, Clarke, Christopher, Yousuff, Mehreen, Davies, James, Sammut, John, George, Cherian, Arain, Salman Javed, Mullan, Damian, Moore, Katherine Sophie, King, Emile, Yang, Zelei, Liu, Chantal, Skervin, Alicia, Oyewole, Bankole, Belgaumkar, Ajay, Zamfir, Georgiana, Seager, Matthew John, Ramalingam Sethumadhavan, Dinesh Madhavan, Peddu, Praveen, Shiwani, Hunain, Ahmed, Niaz, Goga, Usman, Akthar, Mohammed Rashid, Bhondi, Arjun, Mohammad, Fahad, Hazar, Can, Aleman, Conor, Hardman, Alex, Murdoch, James, Kasem, Mohamed, Rahman, Syed, Wigmore, Edward, Bullock, Cameron, Gemmell, Andrew, Lewis, Omotolani, Lee, Joshua, Mason, Sabrina, Tham, Jun-Li, Poon, Choong Leng, Jones, Charlotte, Thorpe, Ashley, Doddaballapur, Vinay Kumar, Carlsson, Tarryn, White, Andrew, Forjoe, Tonia, Sundar, Gaurav, Greenwood, A.J., Lewis, Katherine, Yan Chan, Karen Man, Moussa, Amr, Tan, Kelvin, Crawford, Michael, Ali, Tariq, Sabir, Yasir, Basha, Amjad Chamsi, Liu, Wing Yan, Walker, Samuel, Siah, Tze Hung, Ganguly, Akash, Akram, Mohammad Haroon, Patel, Shian, Maclean, Drew, Williams-Gunn, Harriet, O'Brien, Matthew, Cliffe, Hannah, Parvulescu, Flavius, Fong, Joey, Kallampallil, Jins, Lechareas, Symeon, Valencia, Dexter, Piyatissa, Pubudu, Bakewell, Robert, Heptonstall, Nicholas, Shaida, Nadeem, Ryder, Michael, Gaikwad, Ketan, Gangadharan, Vinay, Habib, Abubakar, Menon, Gautam, Mohamed, Abdishakur, Pat, Jackson, Railton, Nick, Tam, Matthew, Hor, Yong Keen, Ryan, Claire, Guest, Timothy, Jagirdar, Naeem, Chetan, Madhurima R., Khan, Faraaz, MacDonald, Andrew, Kit Yeng Wong, Jim Zhong, Shah, Mahak, Burbidge, Simon, Anandarajah, Mayooreshan, MacCormick, Andrew, Jenkins, Paul, Zhong, Jim, Makris, Gregory C., Gafoor, Nelofer, and Chan, David

Published
2023
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13. Ecological and socioeconomic factors associated with the human burden of environmentally mediated pathogens: a global analysis

Author

Sokolow, Susanne H, Nova, Nicole, Jones, Isabel J, Wood, Chelsea L, Lafferty, Kevin D, Garchitorena, Andres, Hopkins, Skylar R, Lund, Andrea J, MacDonald, Andrew J, LeBoa, Christopher, Peel, Alison J, Mordecai, Erin A, Howard, Meghan E, Buck, Julia C, Lopez-Carr, David, Barry, Michele, Bonds, Matthew H, and De Leo, Giulio A

Published
2022
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15. Evidence gaps and diversity among potential win–win solutions for conservation and human infectious disease control

Author

Hopkins, Skylar R, Lafferty, Kevin D, Wood, Chelsea L, Olson, Sarah H, Buck, Julia C, De Leo, Giulio A, Fiorella, Kathryn J, Fornberg, Johanna L, Garchitorena, Andres, Jones, Isabel J, Kuris, Armand M, Kwong, Laura H, LeBoa, Christopher, Leon, Ariel E, Lund, Andrea J, MacDonald, Andrew J, Metz, Daniel C G, Nova, Nicole, Peel, Alison J, Remais, Justin V, Stewart Merrill, Tara E, Wilson, Maya, Bonds, Matthew H, Dobson, Andrew P, Lopez Carr, David, Howard, Meghan E, Mandle, Lisa, and Sokolow, Susanne H

Published
2022
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16. Reproductive compatibility of two lines of Delia platura.

Author

Bush‐Beaupré, Allen, Savage, Jade, Fortier, Anne‐Marie, Fournier, François, MacDonald, Andrew, and Bélisle, Marc

Subjects
INTEGRATED pest control, AGRICULTURAL pests, PEST control, REPRODUCTIVE isolation, SEX ratio, MAGGOTS
Abstract

Accurate identification of agricultural pests is a major component of integrated pest management. The seedcorn maggot, Delia platura (Meigen) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), is a cosmopolitan polyphagous pest species that may be found in high numbers in numerous crops. Two morphologically identical genetic lines of D. platura (H and N) with distinct distributions were recently identified. To date, no study has investigated the reproductive compatibility of the two lines and thus the possibility that they may actually be two unique biological entities. A previous study described the reproductive traits of the two lines and suggested that H‐line females are highly selective toward the male with which they mate, pointing to a possible pre‐mating isolation mechanism between the lines. Using laboratory‐reared colonies originating from the Montérégie region in Québec, Canada, this study investigates the reproductive compatibility of the two D. platura lines. We found that only one of 30 H‐line females was inseminated by an N‐line male, further suggesting mate choice as a pre‐mating isolation mechanism between the lines. However, N‐line females were readily inseminated by H‐line males, suggesting a lack of pre‐mating isolation in this type of cross. The eggs laid by N‐line females mated with H‐line males had a lower hatching rate than the ones laid by females of intraline crosses, suggesting either post‐mating pre‐zygotic or post‐zygotic partial isolation. However, the larvae that did hatch had a comparable developmental success to those from intraline crosses in terms of survival and developmental time from larval hatching to adult emergence, pupal mass, and adult sex ratio, suggesting a lack of post‐zygotic isolation for these life stages. Considering the different biological traits of the two lines, we suggest the use of the 'biotype' terminology to designate the two biological entities and discuss their implications for integrated pest management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. Targeting Grb2 SH3 Domains with Affimer Proteins Provides Novel Insights into Ras Signalling Modulation.

Author

Tang, Anna A. S., Macdonald, Andrew, McPherson, Michael J., and Tomlinson, Darren C.

Subjects
*CELL receptors, *EPIDERMAL growth factor, *ALLOSTERIC regulation, *PROTEIN domains, *ADAPTOR proteins, *RAS oncogenes
Abstract

Src homology 3 (SH3) domains play a critical role in mediating protein–protein interactions (PPIs) involved in cell proliferation, migration, and the cytoskeleton. Despite their abundance in the human proteome, the functions and molecular interactions of many SH3 domains remain unknown, and this is in part due to the lack of SH3-domain-specific reagents available for their study. Affimer proteins have been developed as affinity reagents targeting a diverse range of targets, including those involved in PPIs. In this study, Affimer proteins were isolated against both the N- and C-terminal SH3 domains (NSH3 and CSH3) of growth-factor-receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2), an adapter protein that provides a critical link between cell surface receptors and Ras signalling pathways. Targeting the CSH3 alone for the inhibition of PPIs appeared sufficient for curtailing Ras signalling in mammalian cell lines stimulated with human epidermal growth factor (EGF), which conflicts with the notion that the predominant interactions with Ras activating Son of sevenless (SOS) occur via the NSH3 domain. This result supports a model in which allosteric mechanisms involved in Grb2-SOS1 interaction modulate Ras activation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. Live load factors for military traffic in bridge evaluation

Author

MacDonald, Andrew James, Bartlett, F. Michael, and Wight, R. Gordon

Subjects
Dynamic testing -- Methods, Bridges -- Mechanical properties -- Testing, Armored vehicles, Military -- Usage, Engineering and manufacturing industries
Abstract

Military vehicles are sometimes required to transit bridges owned and operated by civilian bridge authorities. Using available data regarding the gross vehicle weight and associated axle loads of military traffic, live load factors, calibrated to the Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code, are proposed for bridge design and evaluation. This paper recommends live load factors for three categories of military vehicles: (i) wheeled-transport vehicles; (ii) wheeled-fighting vehicles; and (iii) tracked-fighting vehicles. The values are derived for interior girders of simply supported slab-on-girder bridges subjected to a single lane of traffic loading and are believed to be generally applicable for other structural elements and bridge types. Inherent differences between fighting vehicles, which are heavily armoured, and transport vehicles, which although armoured have high payloads, suggest that highway bridges should be evaluated separately for military fighting vehicles and military transport vehicles using distinct live load factors. Key words: bridge evaluation, code calibration, military vehicles. Les vehicules militaires sont parfois obliges de traverser des ponts appartenant aux administrations civiles des ponts et exploites par ces dernieres. A l'aide de donnees disponibles sur le poids brut de vehicules et les charges par essieu associees de la circulation militaire, des facteurs de charge en mouvement, calibres selon le Code canadien sur le calcul des ponts routiers, sont proposes pour la conception et l'evaluation des ponts. Le present document recommande des facteurs de charge en mouvement pour trois categories de vehicules militaires : (i) les vehicules de transport a roues ; (ii) les vehicules de combat a roues ; et (iii) les vehicules de combat chenilles. Les valeurs sont derivees pour les poutres interieures de ponts a dalles sur poutres simplement supportes soumis a une seule voie de chargement de circulation et sont considerees comme generalement applicables a d'autres elements structuraux et types de ponts. Les differences inherentes entre les vehicules de combat, qui sont lourdement blindes, et les vehicules de transport, qui bien que blindes aient des charges utiles elevees, suggerent que les ponts routiers devraient etre evalues separement pour les vehicules de combat militaires et les vehicules de transport militaires en utilisant des facteurs de charge en mouvement distincts. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : evaluation des ponts, etalonnage des codes, vehicules militaires., 1. Introduction Military vehicles are often required to transit civilian bridges during the course of various types of road moves, such as routine movements of equipment, military training exercises, and [...]

Published
2021
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19. Improving rural health care reduces illegal logging and conserves carbon in a tropical forest

Author

Jones, Isabel J., MacDonald, Andrew J., Hopkins, Skylar R., Lund, Andrea J., Liu, Zac Yung-Chun, Fawzi, Nurul Ihsan, Purba, Mahardika Putra, Fankhauser, Katie, Chamberlin, Andrew J., Nirmala, Monica, Blundell, Arthur G., Emerson, Ashley, Jennings, Jonathan, Gaffikin, Lynne, Barry, Michele, Lopez-Carr, David, Webb, Kinari, De Leo, Giulio A., and Sokolow, Susanne H.

Published
2020

20. Clinical Performance Status and Technical Factors Affecting Outcomes from Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Interventions; A Multicentre, Prospective, Observational Cohort Study

Author

Makris, Gregory C., Macdonald, Andrew C., Allouni, Kader, Corrigall, Hannah, Tapping, Charles R., Hughes, Jane Philips, Anthony, Suzie, Boardman, Phil, Patel, Rafiudin, Wigham, Andrew, Husainy, Mohammad Ali, See, Teik Choon, Cast, James, Olliff, Simon, Travis, Simon, Laasch, Hans-Ulrich, Nice, Colin, and Uberoi, Raman

Published
2021
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21. Clinical and Neurologic Outcomes in Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Failure: A 21-Year Multicenter Cohort Study

Author

Lee, William M., Larson, Anne M., Liou, Iris, Fix, Oren, Schilsky, Michael, McCashland, Timothy, Eileen Hay, J., Murray, Natalie, Shaikh, A. Obaid S., Blei, Andres, Ganger, Daniel, Zaman, Atif, Han, Steven H.B., Robert Fontana, McGuire, Brendan, Chung, Raymond T., Smith, Alastair, Brown, Robert, Crippin, Jeffrey, Harrison, Edwin, Reuben, Adrian, Munoz, Santiago, Reddy, Rajender, Todd Stravitz, R., Rossaro, Lorenzo, Satyanarayana, Raj, Hassanein, Tarek, Karvellas, Constantine J., Olson, Jodi, Subramanian, Ram, Hanje, James, Hameed, Bilal, MacDonald, Andrew J., Speiser, Jaime L., Ganger, Daniel R., Nilles, Kathleen M., and Orandi, Babak J.

Published
2021
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23. The Community Ecology of Herbivore Regulation in an Agroecosystem : Lessons from Complex Systems

Author

VANDERMEER, JOHN, ARMBRECHT, INGE, DE LA MORA, ALDO, ENNIS, KATHERINE K., FITCH, GORDON, GONTHIER, DAVID J., HAJIAN-FOROOSHANI, ZACHARY, HSIEH, HSUN-YI, IVERSON, AARON, JACKSON, DOUGLAS, JHA, SHALENE, JIMÉNEZ-SOTO, ESTELÍ, LOPEZ-BAUTISTA, GUSTAVO, LARSEN, ASHLEY, LI, KEVIN, LIERE, HEIDI, MACDONALD, ANDREW, MARIN, LINDA, MATHIS, KAITLYN A., MONAGAN, IVAN, MORRIS, JONATHAN R., ONG, THERESA, PARDEE, GABRIELLA L., RIVERA-SALINAS, IRIS SARAENY, VAIYDA, CHATURA, WILLIAMS-GUILLEN, KIMBERLY, YITBAREK, SENAY, UNO, SHINSUKE, ZEMENICK, ASH, PHILPOTT, STACY M., and PERFECTO, IVETTE

Published
2019

28. Sortase-Modified Cholera Toxoids Show Specific Golgi Localization.

Author

Machin, Darren C., Williamson, Daniel J., Fisher, Peter, Miller, Victoria J., Arnott, Zoe L. P., Stevenson, Charlotte M. E., Wildsmith, Gemma C., Ross, James F., Wasson, Christopher W., Macdonald, Andrew, Andrews, Benjamin I., Ungar, Daniel, Turnbull, W. Bruce, and Webb, Michael E.

Subjects
CHOLERA, LIPID rafts, CYTOLOGY, CHOLERA toxin, GOLGI apparatus
Abstract

Cholera toxoid is an established tool for use in cellular tracing in neuroscience and cell biology. We use a sortase labeling approach to generate site-specific N-terminally modified variants of both the A2-B5 heterohexamer and B5 pentamer forms of the toxoid. Both forms of the toxoid are endocytosed by GM1-positive mammalian cells, and while the heterohexameric toxoid was principally localized in the ER, the B5 pentamer showed an unexpectedly specific localization in the medial/trans-Golgi. This study suggests a future role for specifically labeled cholera toxoids in live-cell imaging beyond their current applications in neuronal tracing and labeling of lipid rafts in fixed cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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30. Future emerging technologies in the wind power sector: A European perspective

Author

Watson, Simon, Moro, Alberto, Reis, Vera, Baniotopoulos, Charalampos, Barth, Stephan, Bartoli, Gianni, Bauer, Florian, Boelman, Elisa, Bosse, Dennis, Cherubini, Antonello, Croce, Alessandro, Fagiano, Lorenzo, Fontana, Marco, Gambier, Adrian, Gkoumas, Konstantinos, Golightly, Christopher, Latour, Mikel Iribas, Jamieson, Peter, Kaldellis, John, Macdonald, Andrew, Murphy, Jimmy, Muskulus, Michael, Petrini, Francesco, Pigolotti, Luca, Rasmussen, Flemming, Schild, Philippe, Schmehl, Roland, Stavridou, Nafsika, Tande, John, Taylor, Nigel, Telsnig, Thomas, and Wiser, Ryan

Published
2019
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31. Glued on for the grandkids: The gendered politics of care in the global environmental movement.

Author

Gardner, Peter, Williams, Susannah, and Macdonald, Andrew

Subjects
ENVIRONMENTALISM, WOMEN'S empowerment, ENVIRONMENTAL activism, LEADERSHIP in women, OLDER women, SOCIAL movements, POLITICAL participation, ENVIRONMENTAL sociology
Abstract

This paper explores the gendered politics of care in global environmental activism. Drawing on interviews with 96 Extinction Rebellion activists worldwide and a close analysis of 10 older women within this dataset, we contend that 'care' both replicated and contradicted the patriarchal order. Older women in Extinction Rebellion have often been relied upon to take on much of the caring labour involved in the maintenance of the movement at local and national levels. However, care also involved these women undertaking powerful—and empowering—forms of political action, often grounded in their knowledge and experience of organising social justice movements over decades. In contrast to prior research in the area, we found that women's participation in leadership roles within the movement against climate change appears to have increased over time. Using Sara Ahmed's (2004) concept of affective economies, we argue that the emotion of care came to be accumulated and attached to older women within Extinction Rebellion, producing inequalities in expectations for who would 'care for the movement' while also opening up opportunities for empowerment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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32. Effects of Mycobacterium vaccae NCTC 11659 and Lipopolysaccharide Challenge on Polarization of Murine BV-2 Microglial Cells.

Author

Desmond, Luke W., Holbrook, Evan M., Wright, Caelan T. O., Zambrano, Cristian A., Stamper, Christopher E., Bohr, Adam D., Frank, Matthew G., Podell, Brendan K., Moreno, Julie A., MacDonald, Andrew S., Reber, Stefan O., Hernández-Pando, Rogelio, and Lowry, Christopher A.

Subjects
LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES, REVERSE transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, MICROGLIA, GENE expression, COMPLEMENT receptors, MYCOBACTERIUM
Abstract

Previous studies have shown that the in vivo administration of soil-derived bacteria with anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory properties, such as Mycobacterium vaccae NCTC 11659, can prevent a stress-induced shift toward an inflammatory M1 microglial immunophenotype and microglial priming in the central nervous system (CNS). It remains unclear whether M. vaccae NCTC 11659 can act directly on microglia to mediate these effects. This study was designed to determine the effects of M. vaccae NCTC 11659 on the polarization of naïve BV-2 cells, a murine microglial cell line, and BV-2 cells subsequently challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Briefly, murine BV-2 cells were exposed to 100 µg/mL whole-cell, heat-killed M. vaccae NCTC 11659 or sterile borate-buffered saline (BBS) vehicle, followed, 24 h later, by exposure to 0.250 µg/mL LPS (Escherichia coli 0111: B4; n = 3) in cell culture media vehicle (CMV) or a CMV control condition. Twenty-four hours after the LPS or CMV challenge, cells were harvested to isolate total RNA. An analysis using the NanoString platform revealed that, by itself, M. vaccae NCTC 11659 had an "adjuvant-like" effect, while exposure to LPS increased the expression of mRNAs encoding proinflammatory cytokines, chemokine ligands, the C3 component of complement, and components of inflammasome signaling such as Nlrp3. Among LPS-challenged cells, M. vaccae NCTC 11659 had limited effects on differential gene expression using a threshold of 1.5-fold change. A subset of genes was assessed using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR), including Arg1, Ccl2, Il1b, Il6, Nlrp3, and Tnf. Based on the analysis using real-time RT-PCR, M. vaccae NCTC 11659 by itself again induced "adjuvant-like" effects, increasing the expression of Il1b, Il6, and Tnf while decreasing the expression of Arg1. LPS by itself increased the expression of Ccl2, Il1b, Il6, Nlrp3, and Tnf while decreasing the expression of Arg1. Among LPS-challenged cells, M. vaccae NCTC 11659 enhanced LPS-induced increases in the expression of Nlrp3 and Tnf, consistent with microglial priming. In contrast, among LPS-challenged cells, although M. vaccae NCTC 11659 did not fully prevent the effects of LPS relative to vehicle-treated control conditions, it increased Arg1 mRNA expression, suggesting that M. vaccae NCTC 11659 induces an atypical microglial phenotype. Thus, M. vaccae NCTC 11659 acutely (within 48 h) induced immune-activating and microglial-priming effects when applied directly to murine BV-2 microglial cells, in contrast to its long-term anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects observed on the CNS when whole-cell, heat-killed preparations of M. vaccae NCTC 11659 were given peripherally in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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40. Chemokines form complex signals during inflammation and disease that can be decoded by extracellular matrix proteoglycans.

Author

Ridley, Amanda J. L., Ou, Yaqing, Karlsson, Richard, Pun, Nabina, Birchenough, Holly L., Mulholland, Iashia Z., Birch, Mary L., MacDonald, Andrew S., Jowitt, Thomas A., Lawless, Craig, Miller, Rebecca L., and Dyer, Douglas P.

Subjects
CHEMOKINE receptors, CELL receptors, CHEMOKINES, EXTRACELLULAR matrix, PROTEOGLYCANS, GENE expression
Abstract

Chemokine-driven leukocyte recruitment is a key component of the immune response and of various diseases. Therapeutically targeting the chemokine system in inflammatory disease has been unsuccessful, which has been attributed to redundancy. We investigated why chemokines instead have specific, specialized functions, as demonstrated by multiple studies. We analyzed the expression of genes encoding chemokines and their receptors across species, tissues, and diseases. This analysis revealed complex expression patterns such that genes encoding multiple chemokines that mediated recruitment of the same leukocyte type were expressed in the same context, such as the genes encoding the CXCR3 ligands CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11. Through biophysical approaches, we showed that these chemokines differentially interacted with extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycans (ECM GAGs), which was enhanced by sulfation of specific GAGs. Last, in vivo approaches demonstrated that GAG binding was critical for the CXCL9-dependent recruitment of specific T cell subsets but not of others, irrespective of CXCR3 expression. Our data demonstrate that interactions with ECM GAGs regulated whether chemokines were presented on cell surfaces or remained more soluble, thereby affecting chemokine availability and ensuring specificity of chemokine action. Our findings provide a mechanistic understanding of chemokine-mediated immune cell recruitment and identify strategies to target specific chemokines during inflammatory disease. Editor's summary: Chemokines induce the migration of immune cells by stimulating cognate chemokine receptors on the cell surface. Ridley et al. demonstrated how specificity is achieved in a system in which different chemokines can recruit the same immune cell types. Analysis of species-, tissue-, and disease-specific gene expression patterns revealed that the genes encoding the ligands CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 for the chemokine receptor CXCR3 were all expressed in the same context. Specificity was provided by the differential interactions of these chemokines with glycosaminoglycans, which regulated their localization and availability for signaling, suggesting alternative ways to target chemokines therapeutically. —John F. Foley [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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41. Comparative Dynamic Load Effects of Tracked and Wheeled Military Vehicles on Bridges.

Author

Everitt, Anthony, Dagenais, Marc-André, Wight, Gordon, and MacDonald, Andrew

Subjects
DYNAMIC loads, MILITARY vehicles, TANKS (Military science), BRIDGE design & construction, SURFACE roughness, BRIDGE testing
Abstract

The perceived and observed differences in the dynamic behavior between wheeled and tracked military vehicles should be considered when applying appropriate dynamic load effect values for bridge design and assessment. Based on available test data, tracked military vehicles appear to impose less severe dynamic load effects when compared with wheeled vehicles under similar crossing conditions. In exploring a range of crossing conditions, a review of test data was used to make a general comparison of the dynamic loading amplification between tracked and wheeled military vehicles. To expand the range of crossing conditions tested for an instrumented bridge, additional data were collected for an artificially induced roughness of the bridge surface. By combining the test results from previous studies with the results from this testing program, the relative dynamic loading amplification between tracked and wheeled military vehicles can be quantified for situations with similar crossing conditions. Given this comparison, it may be appropriate to use a dynamic load allowance (DLA) of as low as 70% of the code-specified DLA for wheeled vehicles when evaluating the capacity of bridges subjected to military tracked traffic. This is especially relevant when considering maneuver options for main battle tanks during military combat operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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42. Addressing uncertainty when projecting marine species' distributions under climate change.

Author

Davies, Sarah C., Thompson, Patrick L., Gomez, Catalina, Nephin, Jessica, Knudby, Anders, Park, Ashley E., Friesen, Sarah K., Pollock, Laura J., Rubidge, Emily M., Anderson, Sean C., Iacarella, Josephine C., Lyons, Devin A., MacDonald, Andrew, McMillan, Andrew, Ward, Eric J., Holdsworth, Amber M., Swart, Neil, Price, Jeff, and Hunter, Karen L.

Subjects
MARINE ecosystem management, SPECIES distribution, MARINE resources conservation, MARINE resource management, CLIMATE change, RESEARCH personnel
Abstract

Species distribution models (SDMs) have been widely used to project terrestrial species' responses to climate change and are increasingly being used for similar objectives in the marine realm. These projections are critically needed to develop strategies for resource management and the conservation of marine ecosystems. SDMs are a powerful and necessary tool; however, they are subject to many sources of uncertainty, both quantifiable and unquantifiable. To ensure that SDM projections are informative for management and conservation decisions, sources of uncertainty must be considered and properly addressed. Here we provide ten overarching guidelines that will aid researchers to identify, minimize, and account for uncertainty through the entire model development process, from the formation of a study question to the presentation of results. These guidelines focus on correlative models and were developed at an international workshop attended by over 50 researchers and practitioners. Although our guidelines are broadly applicable across biological realms, we provide particular focus to the challenges and uncertainties associated with projecting the impacts of climate change on marine species and ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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45. Preoperative risk factors for conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy: a validated risk score derived from a prospective U.K. database of 8820 patients

Author

Fenwick, Stephen, Elmasry, Mohamed, Nunes, Quentin, Kennedy, David, Khan, Raja B., Khan, Muhammad A.S., Magee, Conor J., Jones, Steven M., Mason, Denise, Parappally, Ciny P., Mathur, Pawan, Saunders, Michael, Jamel, Sara, Haque, Samer U.l., Zafar, Sara, Shiwani, Muhammad H., Samuel, Nehemiah, Dar, Farooq, Jackson, Andrew, Lovett, Bryony, Dindyal, Shiva, Winter, Hannah, Rahman, Saquib, Wheatley, Kevin, Nieto, Tom, Ayaani, Soofiyah, Youssef, Haney, Nijjar, Rajwinder S., Watkin, Helen, Naumann, David, Emeshi, Sophie, Sarmah, Piyush B., Lee, Kathryn, Joji, Nikita, Heath, Jonathan, Teasdale, Rebecca L., Weerasinghe, Chamindri, Needham, Paul J., Welbourn, Hannah, Forster, Luke, Finch, David, Blazeby, Jane M., Robb, William, McNair, Angus G.K., Hrycaiczuk, Alex, Charalabopoulos, Alexandros, Kadirkamanathan, Sritharan, Tang, Cheuk-Bong, Jayanthi, Naga V.G., Noor, Nigel, Dobbins, Brian, Cockbain, Andrew J., Nilsen-Nunn, April, de Siqueira, Jonathan, Pellen, Mike, Cowley, Jonathan B., Ho, Wei-Min, Miu, Victor, White, Timothy J., Hodgkins, Kathryn A., Kinghorn, Alison, Tutton, Matthew G., Al-Abed, Yahya A., Menzies, Donald, Ahmad, Anwar, Reed, Joanna, Khan, Shabuddin, Monk, David, Vitone, Louis J., Murtaza, Ghulam, Joel, Abraham, Brennan, Stephen, Shier, David, Zhang, Catherine, Yoganathan, Thusidaran, Robinson, Steven J., McCallum, Iain J.D., Jones, Michael J., Elsayed, Mohammed, Tuck, Liz, Wayman, John, Carney, Kate, Aroori, Somaiah, Hosie, Kenneth B., Kimble, Adam, Bunting, David M., Fawole, Adeshina S., Basheer, Mohammed, Dave, Rajiv V., Sarveswaran, Janahan, Jones, Elinor, Kendal, Chris, Tilston, Michael P., Gough, Martin, Wallace, Tom, Singh, Shailendra, Downing, Justine, Mockford, Katherine A., Issa, Eyad, Shah, Nayab, Chauhan, Neal, Wilson, Timothy R., Forouzanfar, Amir, Wild, Jonathan R.L., Nofal, Emma, Bunnell, Catherine, Madbak, Khaliel, Rao, Sudhindra T.V., Devoto, Laurence, Siddiqi, Najaf, Khawaja, Zechan, Hewes, James C., Gould, Laura, Chambers, Alice, Rodriguez, Daniel U., Sen, Gourab, Robinson, Stuart, Bartlett, Francis, Rae, David M., Stevenson, Thomas E.J., Sarvananthan, Kas, Dwerryhouse, Simon J., Higgs, Simon M., Old, Oliver J., Hardy, Thomas J., Shah, Reena, Hornby, Steve T., Keogh, Ken, Frank, Lucinda, Al-Akash, Musallam, Upchurch, Emma A., Frame, Richard J., Hughes, Michael, Jelley, Clare, Weaver, Simon, Roy, Sudipta, Sillo, Toritseju O., Galanopoulos, Giorgios, Cuming, Tamzin, Cunha, Pedro, Tayeh, Salim, Kaptanis, Sarantos, Heshaishi, Mohamed, Eisawi, Abdalla, Abayomi, Michael, Ngu, Wee S., Fleming, Katie, Bajwa, Dalvir S., Chitre, Vivek, Aryal, Kamal, Ferris, Paul, Silva, Michael, Lammy, Simon, Mohamed, Sarah, Khawaja, Amir, Hussain, Adnan, Ghazanfar, Mudassar A., Bellini, Maria I., Ebdewi, Hamdi, Elshaer, Mohamed, Gravante, Gianpiero, Drake, Benjamin, Ogedegbe, Arikoge, Mukherjee, Dipankar, Arhi, Chanpreet, Giwa, Lola, Iqbal, Nusrat, Watson, Nicholas F., Aggarwal, Smeer K., Orchard, Philippa, Villatoro, Eduardo, Willson, Peter D., Mok, Kam W.J., Woodman, Thomas, Deguara, Jean, Garcea, Giuseppe, Babu, Benoy I., Dennison, Alistair R., Malde, Deep, Lloyd, David, Slavin, John P., Jones, Robert P., Ballance, Laura, Gerakopoulos, Stratos, Jambulingam, Periyathambi, Mansour, Sami, Sakai, Naomi, Acharya, Vikas, Sadat, Mohammed M., Karim, Lawen, Larkin, David, Amin, Khalid, Khan, Amarah, Law, Jennifer, Jamdar, Saurabh, Smith, Stella R., Sampat, Keerthika, O'shea, Kathryn M., Manu, Mangta, Asprou, Fotini M., Malik, Nabeela S., Chang, Jessica, Johnstone, Marianne, Lewis, Michael, Roberts, Geoffrey P., Karavadra, Babu, Photi, Evangelos, Hewes, James, Rodriguez, Dan, O'Reilly, Derek A., Rate, Anthony J., Sekhar, Hema, Henderson, Lucy T., Starmer, Benjamin Z., Coe, Peter O., Tolofari, Sotonye, Barrie, Jenifer, Bashir, Gareth, Sloane, Jake, Madanipour, Suroosh, Halkias, Constantine, Trevatt, Alexander E.J., Borowski, David W., Hornsby, Jane, Courtney, Michael J., Virupaksha, Suvi, Seymour, Keith, Robinson, Sarah, Hawkins, Helen, Bawa, Sadiq, Gallagher, Paul V., Reid, Alistair, Wood, Peter, Finch, Jonathan G., Finch, J.Guy, Parmar, Jitesh, Stirland, Euan, Gardner-Thorpe, James, Al-Muhktar, Ahmed, Peterson, Mark, Majeed, Ali, Bajwa, Farrukh M., Martin, Jack, Choy, Alfred, Tsang, Andrew, Pore, Naresh, Andrew, David R., Al-Khyatt, Waleed, Santosh Bhandari, Christopher Taylor, Chambers, Adam, Subramanium, Dhivya, Toh, Simon K.C., Carter, Nicholas C., Mercer, Stuart J., Knight, Benjamin, Vijay, Vardhini, Alagaratnam, Swethan, Sinha, Sidhartha, Khan, Shahab, El-Hasani, Shamsi S., Hussain, Abdulzahra A., Bhattacharya, Vish, Kansal, Nisheeth, Fasih, Tani, Jackson, Claire, Siddiqui, Midhat N., Chishti, Imran A., Fordham, Imogen J., Siddiqui, Zohaib, Bausbacher, Harald, Geogloma, Ileana, Gurung, Kabita, Tsavellas, George, Basynat, Pradeep, Shrestha, Ashish K., Basu, Sanjoy, Chhabra, Alok, Harilingam, Mohan, Rabie, Mohamed, Akhtar, Mansoor, Kumar, Pradeep, Jafferbhoy, Sadaf F., Hussain, Najam, Raza, Soulat, Haque, Manzarul, Alam, Imran, Aseem, Rabiya, Patel, Shakira, Asad, Mehek, Booth, Michael I., Ball, William R., Wood, Christopher P.J., Pinho-Gomes, Ana C., Kausar, Ambareen, Obeidallah, Mohammed, Varghase, Joseph, Lodhia, Joshil, Bradley, Donal, Rengifo, Carla, Lindsay, David, Gopalswamy, Sivakumar, Finlay, Ian, Wardle, Stacy, Bullen, Naomi, Iftikhar, Syed Y., Awan, Altaf, Ahmed, Javed, Leeder, Paul, Fusai, Guiseppe, Bond-Smith, Giles, Psica, Alicja, Puri, Yogesh, Hou, David, Noble, Fergus, Szentpali, Karoly, Broadhurst, Jack, Date, Ravindra, Hossack, Martin R., Goh, Yan L., Turner, Paul, Shetty, Vinutha, Riera, Manel, Macano, Christina A.W., Sukha, Anisha, Preston, Shaun R., Hoban, Jennifer R., Puntis, Daniel J., Williams, Sophie V., Krysztopik, Richard, Kynaston, James, Batt, Jeremy, Doe, Matthew, Goscimski, Andrzej, Jones, Gareth H., Hall, Claire, Carty, Nick, Ahmed, Jamil, Panteleimonitis, Sofoklis, Gunasekera, Rohan T., Sheel, Andrea R.G., Lennon, Hannah, Hindley, Caroline, Reddy, Marcus, Kenny, Ross, Elkheir, Natalie, McGlone, Emma R., Rajaganeshan, Rajasundaram, Hancorn, Kate, Hargreaves, Anita, Prasad, Raj, Longbotham, David A., Vijayanand, Dhakshinamoorthy, Wijetunga, Imeshi, Ziprin, Paul, Nicolay, Christopher R., Yeldham, Geoffrey, Read, Edward, Gossage, James A., Rolph, Rachel C., Ebied, Husam, Phull, Manraj, Khan, Mohammad A., Popplewell, Matthew, Kyriakidis, Dimitrios, Hussain, Anwar, Henley, Natasha, Packer, Jessica R., Derbyshire, Laura, Porter, Jonathan, Appleton, Shaun, Farouk, Marwan, Basra, Melvinder, Jennings, Neil A., Ali, Shahda, Kanakala, Venkatesh, Ali, Haythem, Lane, Risha, Dickson-Lowe, Richard, Zarsadias, Prizzi, Mirza, Darius, Puig, Sonia, Al Amari, Khalid, Vijayan, Deepak, Sutcliffe, Robert, Marudanayagam, Ravi, Hamady, Zayed, Prasad, Abheesh R., Patel, Abhilasha, Durkin, Damien, Kaur, Parminder, Bowen, Laura, Byrne, James P., Pearson, Katherine L., Delisle, Theo G., Davies, James, Tomlinson, Mark A., Johnpulle, Michelle A., Slawinski, Corinna, Macdonald, Andrew, Nicholson, James, Newton, Katy, Mbuvi, James, Farooq, Ansar, Mothe, Bhavani S., Zafrani, Zakhi, Brett, Daniel, Francombe, James, Spreadborough, Philip, Barnes, James, Cheung, Melanie, Al-Bahrani, Ahmed Z., Preziosi, Giuseppe, Urbonas, Tomas, Alberts, Justin, Mallik, Mekhlola, Patel, Krashna, Segaran, Ashvina, Doulias, Triantafyllos, Sufi, Pratik A., Yao, Caroline, Pollock, Sarah, Manzelli, Antonio, Wajed, Saj, Kourkulos, Michail, Pezzuto, Roberto, Wadley, Martin, Hamilton, Emma, Jaunoo, Shameen, Padwick, Robert, Sayegh, Mazin, Newton, Richard C., Hebbar, Madhusoodhana, Farag, Sameh F., Hebbar, Madhu, Spearman, John, Hamdan, Mohammed F., D'Costa, Conrad, Blane, Christine, Giles, Mathew, Peter, Mark B., Hirst, Natalie A., Hossain, Tanvir, Pannu, Arslan, El-Dhuwaib, Yesar, Morrison, Tamsin E.M., Taylor, Greg W., Thompson, Ronald L.E., McCune, Ken, Loughlin, Paula, Lawther, Roger, Byrnes, Colman K., Simpson, Duncan J., Mawhinney, Abi, Warren, Conor, McKay, Damian, McIlmunn, Colin, Martin, Serena, MacArtney, Matthew, Diamond, Tom, Davey, Phil, Jones, Claire, Clements, Joshua M., Digney, Ruairi, Chan, Wei M., McCain, Stephen, Gull, Sadaf, Janeczko, Adam, Dorrian, Emmet, Harris, Andrew, Dawson, Suzanne, Johnston, Dorothy, McAree, Barry, Ghareeb, Essam, Thomas, George, Connelly, Martin, McKenzie, Stephen, Cieplucha, Krzysztos, Spence, Gary, Campbell, William, Hooks, Gareth, Bradley, Neil, Hill, Arnold D.K., Cassidy, John T., Boland, Michael, Burke, Paul, Nally, Deirdre M., Khogali, Elmoataz, Shabo, Wael, Iskandar, Edrin, McEntee, Gerry P., O'Neill, Maeve A., Peirce, Colin, Lyons, Emma M., O'Sullivan, Adrian W., Thakkar, Rohan, Carroll, Paul, Ivanovski, Ivan, Balfe, Paul, Lee, Matthew, Winter, Des C., Kelly, Michael E., Hoti, Emir, Maguire, Donal, Karunakaran, Priyadarssini, Geoghegan, Justin G., Martin, Sean T., Cross, Keith S., Cooke, Fiachra, Zeeshan, Saquib, Murphy, James O., Mealy, Ken, Mohan, Helen M., Nedujchelyn, Yuwaraja, Ullah, Muhammad F., Ahmed, Irfan, Giovinazzo, Francesco, Milburn, James, Prince, Sarah, Brooke, Eleanor, Buchan, Joanna, Khalil, Ahmed M., Vaughan, Elizabeth M., Ramage, Michael I., Aldridge, Roland C., Gibson, Simon, Nicholson, Gary A., Vass, David G., Grant, Alan J., Holroyd, David J., Jones, Angharad, Sutton, Cherith M.L.R., O'Dwyer, Patrick, Nilsson, Frida, Weber, Beatrix, Williamson, Tracey K., Lalla, Kushik, Bryant, Alice, Carter, Ross, Forrest, Craig R., Hunter, David I., Nassar, Ahmad H., Orizu, Mavis N., Knight, Katrina, Qandeel, Haitham, Suttie, Stuart, Belding, Rowena, McClarey, Andrew, Boyd, Alan T., Guthrie, Graeme J.K., Lim, Pei J., Luhmann, Andreas, Watson, Angus J.M., Richards, Colin H., Nicol, Laura, Madurska, Marta, Harrison, Ewen, Boyce, Kathryn M., Roebuck, Amanda, Ferguson, Graeme, Pati, Pradeep, Wilson, Michael S.J., Dalgaty, Faith, Fothergill, Laura, Driscoll, Peter J., Mozolowski, Kirsty L., Banwell, Victoria, Bennett, Stephen P., Rogers, Paul N., Skelly, Brendan L., Rutherford, Claire L., Mirza, Ahmed K., Lazim, Taha, Lim, Henry C.C., Duke, Diana, Ahmed, Talat, Beasley, William D., Wilkinson, Marc D., Maharaj, Geta, Malcolm, Cathy, Brown, Timothy H., Shingler, Guy M., Mowbray, Nicholas, Radwan, Rami, Morcous, Paul, Wood, Simon, Kadhim, Abbas, Stewart, Duncan J., Baker, Andrew L., Tanner, Nicola, Shenoy, Hrishikesh, Sutcliffe, Robert P., Hollyman, Marianne, Hodson, James, Bonney, Glenn, Vohra, Ravi S., and Griffiths, Ewen A.

Published
2016
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46. Circadian clock component REV-ERB[alpha] controls homeostatic regulation of pulmonary inflammation

Author

Pariollaud, Marie, Gibbs, Julie E., Hopwood, Thomas W., Brown, Sheila, Begley, Nicola, Vonslow, Ryan, Poolman, Toryn, Guo, Baoqiang, Saer, Ben, Jones, D. Heulyn, Tellam, James P., Bresciani, Stefano, Tomkinson, Nicholas C.O., Wojno-Picon, Justyna, Cooper, Anthony W.J., Daniels, Dion A., Trump, Ryan P., Grant, Daniel, Zuercher, William, Willson, Timothy M., MacDonald, Andrew S., Bolognese, Brian, Podolin, Patricia L., Sanchez, Yolanda, Loudon, Andrew S.I., and Ray, David W.

Subjects
Homeostasis -- Research, Inflammation -- Research, Physiological research, Circadian rhythms -- Health aspects, Respiratory physiology -- Research, Transcription factors -- Physiological aspects, Health care industry
Abstract

Recent studies reveal that airway epithelial cells are critical pulmonary circadian pacemaker cells, mediating rhythmic inflammatory responses. Using mouse models, we now identify the rhythmic circadian repressor REV-ERB[alpha] as essential to the mechanism coupling the pulmonary clock to innate immunity, involving both myeloid and bronchial epithelial cells in temporal gating and determining amplitude of response to inhaled endotoxin. Dual mutation of REV- ERB[alpha] and its paralog REV-ERB[beta] in bronchial epithelia further augmented inflammatory responses and chemokine activation, but also initiated a basal inflammatory state, revealing a critical homeostatic role for REV-ERB proteins in the suppression of the endogenous proinflammatory mechanism in unchallenged cells. However, REV-ERB[alpha] plays the dominant role, as deletion of REV-ERB[beta] alone had no impact on inflammatory responses. In turn, inflammatory challenges cause striking changes in stability and degradation of REV-ERB[alpha] protein, driven by SUMOylation and ubiquitination. We developed a novel selective oxazole-based inverse agonist of REV-ERB, which protects REV-ERB[alpha] protein from degradation, and used this to reveal how proinflammatory cytokines trigger rapid degradation of REV- ERB[alpha] in the elaboration of an inflammatory response. Thus, dynamic changes in stability of REV-ERB[alpha] protein couple the core clock to innate immunity., Introduction Protection of pulmonary mucosal surfaces from infection requires complex interplay between the airway epithelial cells and mono-nuclear phagocyte populations both resident within the lung (1). Airway macrophages function as [...]

Published
2018
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