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In this paper steganalysis technique is proposed on the basis of spectral domain analysis using Discrete Fourier Transform, Fast Fourier Transform Algorithm (DFT_FFTA). The aim from using this algorithm is to provide robust evidence for presence of hidden object in speech segment. The Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is used to decompose the speech segment, 20 seconds in length. The speech is decomposed to the third level. An image of 512x512 pixels embedded in the third level of the speech coefficients. Reverse Discrete Wavelet Transform (RDWT) is applied to get a speech with hidden object (image) called stego-speech. DFT_FFTA is used to analyze the stego-speech to discover an evidence of hidden object in the stegospeech .Experimental results shows that the proposed algorithm is comparable to previously existing techniques and give very clear and strong indication for the existence of stego-object

In order to evaluate the effect of different levels of nitrogen and selenium on the yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at Razi University. In this experiment, the first factor included different levels of nitrogen including 0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha-1 and the second factor was selenium foliar spraying at three levels of 0, 5 and 10 mg L-1 of sodium selenate. Nitrogen, selenium and the interaction between two factors had a significant effect on the biological and economic yield of garlic. The interaction between nitrogen and selenium increased the harvest index of garlic. According to the obtained results, increasing the amount of nitrogen and selenium increased the yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency. The use of 150 kg ha-1 of nitrogen along with 10 mg L-1 of sodium selenate has caused garlic to have the highest nitrogen utilization efficiency in addition to its high ability to absorb nitrogen and produce maximum yield.

Health specialists currently suggest low-cholesterol diets, suggesting that cholesterol in the form of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) reduces the risk of chronic atherosclerosis. The large volume of literature describes the biological roles of vitamin E and its application to preventing disease and improving the health and productive performances of farm animals. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of vitamin E (Alpha-tocopherol acetate) supplementation and melatonin implants on biochemical blood, lipid profile and muscle vitamin E content of Awassi male lambs fed by a high and normal diet in Iraq. The lambs were divided into teen groups as control normal energy diet T1 (NED) T2 (HED) concentrated lamb fattening feed. Two levels of melatonin (18 and 36 mg implant) were applied to T3, T4, T5, and T6 treatment and 2 levels of Vitamin E (Alpha-tocopherol acetate) diet 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg to T7. T8. T9 and T10, respectively. Results from the present study indicate that Vitamin E 200, 400 mg/lamb/day and melatonin implantation 18 mg, 36 mg/lamb/day significantly (P<0.05) increased total protein in serum while decreasing globulin level, glucose concentration in serum, melatonin implantation 36 mg/lamb and vitamin E 400 mg/lamb/day recorded significantly (P<0.05). The same effect on decreasing cholesterol concentration in serum 42.6mg\dl, 40.5 mg\dl, respectively, compared to nontreated groups. Vitamin E 200 mg/kg/lamb recorded the lowest AST level in serum, 43.3. Lambs implanted with Melatonin 36 mg/lamb and fed a high-energy diet (T8) resulted in a significant decrease of serum ALT activity (P<0.05) in comparison to other treated groups 12.7 U/L was achieved. Lambs fed a normal energy diet with vitamin E 200 mg/kg/lamb (T4) exceeded other treated groups, decreasing ALT serum levels by 9.35 U/L. Interestingly, muscle vitamin E concentrations for lambs received 200, 400 mg/lamb/day on the 2nd, 7th and 14th days of the storage period, and fed high energy diet (T10) or normal energy diet (T5) were significantly higher compared to control group (T1, T6). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This research has investigated the effect of different levels of nitrogen and selenium on some growth and physiological characteristics of garlic leaves. Research method: This research was done as a factorial in the form of randomized complete blocks in 3 replications. The first factor included four levels of nitrogen (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1) and the second factor included three levels of selenium (0, 5, and 10 mgL-1). Findings: In all four nitrogen levels, with increasing selenium concentration, plant height (69.66 cm), fresh weight (10.66 g m2), and dry weight (51.33 g m2) of leaf increased. The highest amount of photosynthetic pigments was observed in the treatment of 150 kg ha-1 of nitrogen along with 10 mg L-1 of sodium selenate. Nitrogen and selenium increased antioxidant capacity (45.69 μmol g-1FW), total phenol (295.60 mg 100 g-1FW) and ascorbic acid (18.30 mg 100 g-1FW). Contrary to selenium, nitrogen increased the amount of allicin in garlic leaf, and the highest amount of allicin (0.33 mgmL-1) was in the treatment of 150 kg ha-1 of nitrogen along with 0 mgL-1 of sodium selenate. The maximum plant height and wet and dry weight of the leaf were observed in the treatments of selenium and nitrogen, which shows the positive effect of both elements on increasing the amount of chlorophyll synthesis and, as a result increasing the amount of photosynthesis and carbon fixation, which ultimately will have, increasing the growth rate of garlic plant. Research limitations: None were found to report. Originality/Value: As a result, the treatment of 150 kg ha-1 of nitrogen along with 10 mgL-1 of sodium selenate is recommended to increase the antioxidant compounds of garlic leaf, which is a good source of these compounds and selenium in early spring, which also plays an essential role in human health.

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The first-order phase transition and associated magnetocaloric properties of Mn0.5Fe0.5Ni0.95Cr0.05Si0.95Al0.05 have been studied by x-ray diffraction and dc magnetization measurements. The diffraction data for the sample showed that both the orthorhombic and hexagonal crystalline phases coexisted at room temperature. The temperature dependence of magnetization was measured at a constant field of 0.2 T. The first-order phase transition was observed at 325 K during heating and at 306 K during cooling, showing a thermomagnetic hysteresis of 19 K. For magnetic field change of 5 T, the entropy changes evaluated from the isothermal magnetization data peaked at 322 K during warming and at 313 K during cooling, showing a thermomagnetic hysteresis of 9 K. This difference in the magnitude of the thermomagnetic hysteresis was attributed to the virgin effect due to stress and crack formation during the first cooling from hexagonal to orthorhombic phase. Peak entropy changes of −16 J kg−1 K−1 and −42 J kg−1 K−1 were observed on heating for field changes of 2 and 5 T, respectively. The related refrigeration capacities were 74 J/kg (2 T) and 194 J/kg (5 T).

The steel-constructed buildings in Indonesia are on the rise, indicating a growing preference for their durability and versatility in construction projects. This led to the general application of Round Hollow Structural Section (Round HSS) as column and beam elements. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct parametric analysis of the effect of Diameter-to-Thickness Ratio (D t-1) on the three-point and four-point flexural analysis of Round HSS beam using MSC Marc/Mentat software. Nonlinear materials and geometries were employed, along with the application of contact analysis, with contacted and contacting bodies. Moreover, the load and boundary condition were set to be similar to the experiment. The results showed that a greater D t-1 led to the possibility of withholding a smaller load and causing smaller displacement in Group A with fixed diameter and different thickness values. Meanwhile, in Group B with fixed thickness but different diameters, a greater D t-1 led to the potential of restraining more load and experiencing smaller displacement. All specimens from both groups were observed to have failed due to a combination of global and local buckling at the right location under the load applied. AISC bending moment calculated was found to be greater than the values obtained from the finite element analysis for all sections under three-point loads. It was also discovered in the four-point flexural analysis that the bending moment of noncompact section was greater than for AISC while those for the compact section were lower. Furthermore, shear strength (Vn) calculated was observed to be greater than shear force from finite element analysis (Pmax/2).

The overview describes the main directions and results of the IV International Conference on Agricultural Engineering and Green Infrastructure for Sustainable Development (AEGISD-IV 2024) held in Tashkent on 28-30 March 2024. It gives the details about the participants and the proceedings.

التناص هو أحد أدوات التعبير الأدبي المعاصر التي اتجهت إليها الدراسات النقدية الحديثة. وقد اهتم به علماء الأدب في مختلف الفنون الأدبية واحتفلوا به كنوع من تقاطع النصوص الذي يضفي على النص ثراءً ويساهم في إبعاده عن حدود الصراحة والبلاغة. ومن هذا المنطلق، تروم هذه الدراسة إلى الكشف عن مدى إسهام التناص القرآني في منح الجمالية للخطاب الروائي الجزائري المعاصر، وتتخذ من رواية "ريح يوسف" لعلاوة كوسة نموذجا على ذلك. وقد اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي لعرض ماهية التناص عموما، وتجليات التناص القرآني خصوصا في هذا المتن الحكائي، لتخلص إلى أن سير الرواية على نهج قصة يوسف ـ عليه السلامـ. وتوظيف هذه التقنية اللغوية، ما هو إلا انعكاس لتشبع روح الأديب بمعاني هذه القصة، وقيمها النفسية والاجتماعية والفكرية والفنية، مما جعله يُكثر من الاقتباس والتضمين من النص القرآني مفرداتٍ وتراكيبَ وقصصًا.

يتناول هذا البحث توظيف القصّة القرآنيّة في شعر محمود درويش ويتّخذ من قصّة سيّدنا يوسف عليه السلام نموذجًا لذلك؛ لبيان أثرها في شعره ومدى انعكاس الأسلوب القرآني فيه، ومن ثم بيان الدّلالة التي يهدف الشّاعر إلى إيصالها للقارئ من خلالها، لذلك تمثّلت إشكالات هذا البحث في: كيف تشكّلت المناحي الجمالية النّاتجة عن حضور القصّ القرآني في الشّعر المعاصر؟ وما أبعاد هذا الحضور؟ وإلى أيّ مدى أسهم الرّمز القرآني في كثافة المعنى في الشعر المعاصر؟ ويعد المنهج التأويلي الأفضل في هذه الدراسة؛ وذلك لتناسبه مع طبيعة البحث. لقد تأثّر الشعر الفلسطيني بالمرجعيّة القرآنية لأسباب عدّة منها: أولا أنّه يُعدّ مصدرًا أدبيًّا مفعما بأفانين البلاغة التي تزيد قداسته إثراء للنّسق الشّعري. ثانيا: أنّه صورة تُشخّص الأحداث المُتضمّنة للقصص القرآني؛ إذ تتجلّى فيها حقيقة النّفس البشريّة بكلّ تفاصيلها، ثالثًا: وبوصفه ذاكرة وهويّة، يجدر التمسك بها واحتضانها في مقابل الهجمة الصهيونية الشرسة، التي تبغي تجريد الإنسان العربي المسلم من دينه وتاريخه وتراثه. للأسباب المتقدّمة نجد أنّ معظم الشعراء الفلسطينيّين اعتمدوا في توظيفهم للإشارات المـُستوحاة من القرآن الكريم على ظاهرتين أساسيّتين: الأولى تتمثّل في محاكاة لغة ومضامين القرآن الكريم حتّى يصبح النّتاج الشّعري بموجبها ذا عمق دلاليّ، يرسم أبعاد الإنسان وعلاقاته المتعدّدة سواء مع ربّه أو مع بني جنسه، مقتفيا بذلك تعاليم الشّرائع السّماويّة، القائمة على أسس الخير والحرية، والثّاني: توظيف الإشارات الدينيّة. وقد ارتبط الشعر الفلسطيني بالقرآن الكريم ارتباطًا لا يمكن إغفاله؛ لأن قضيّة احتلال فلسطين في أساسها قضيّة دينيّة أكثر من كونها قضيّة سياسية، لذلك مزج الشعراء في أشعارهم البعد السّياسي بالبعد الديني، وانعكس ذلك جليًّا في شعرهم لاسيما في شعر محمود درويش الذي یُعدّ من شعراء الحداثة البارزین، فهو أثرى نصّه الشعريّ بأنساق أسلوبیّة ولغویّة لافتة ومتميّزة، ممّا جعله يحظى باهتمام كبیر على الصعیدیْنِ الأدبي والنّقدي؛ نظرا لغنى تجربته الشّعریّة وعمق تأثیرها فنیًّا ووجدانیًّا ووطنیًّا وقومیًّا وإنسانیًّا، إضافة إلى قدرته على الابتكار والإتیان بكل جدید یتلاءم مع فكره وقضیّته وفنّه. ومن ابتكاراته الشعرية قدرته على توظيف قصّة يوسف عليه السلام في خدمة القضية الفلسطينية والتعريف بها، وتعد قصة يوسف عليه السلام إحدى أهم القصص الذي ورد ذكرها كاملةً في سورة واحدة في القرآن الكريم، وتناولت أهمّ المفاصل في حياة النبي يوسف عليه السلام، والتحوّلات التي مرّ بها، وأنواع المحن والابتلاءات التي لقيها، وأسلوبه في مواجهتها. لذلك يتناول هذا البحث توظيف القصّة القرآنيّة في شعر محمود درويش، ويتّخذ من قصة سيّدنا يوسف عليه السلام نموذجا؛ لبيان أثر القصّة القرآنية في شعر محمود درويش ومدى انعكاس الأسلوب القرآني على شعره، ومن ثم بيان الدلالة التي يهدف الشاعر إلى إيصالها للقارئ من خلال سورة يوسف. وجاءت خطة البحث في مقدمة ومبحثين وخاتمة تضمّنت أظهر النتائج التي خلص إليها البحث، وقائمة بالمصادر والمراجع. وتبيَّن من خلال الدراسة أنَّ الشّاعر محمود درويش استطاع عبر توظيفه للقصّة القرآنية في الشّعر الحديث أن يضيف أبعادا جماليّة عكس فيها المآسي والأحزان التي تعتري حياة الإنسان بصورة عامة، وحياة الشعب الفلسطيني بصورة خاصة. كما أنّه تمكّن من المزاوجة بين التراث متمثّلا في قصّة النّبي يوسف عليه السلام في القرآن الكريم والحاضر متمثلا في معطيات العصر بكل صراعاته، ويقدّم صورا شعرية متناسقة أعطت المتلقي أبعادا واسعة وفتحت له المجال للتأويل، كما ظهر أنَّ توظيف صورة -النّبيّ يوسف- أكسب النّص الشّعري بعدا جماليا أغنى التجربة، واستفز القارئ لقراءة خفايا المتن الشّعري. وتجسِّدُ "الرّؤيا" في شعر درويش الحلم الفلسطيني، الذي يتمثّل في البحث عن المستقبل الآمن، والإيمان بحتمية العودة والسيادة، فقد وجد "درويش" في ذلك مسرى لحلمه، وقد تكرّرت لفظتا الحلم والرؤيا عنده في مواضع كثيرة سواء أكان ذلك التكرار عفويًّا، يعكس الحاضر بصورته الأوليّة أم مقصودًا بذاته، يسمو بالحاضر بالتركيز على الماضي، والتوجّه نحو المستقبل.

Vapour pressure deficit (D) is projected to increase in the future as temperature rises. In response to increased D , stomatal conductance (gs) and photosynthesis (A) are reduced, which may result in significant reductions in terrestrial carbon, water and energy fluxes. It is thus important for gas exchange models to capture the observed responses of gs and A with increasing D. We tested a series of coupled A – gs models against leaf gas exchange measurements from the Cumberland Plain Woodland (Australia), where D regularly exceeds 2 kPa and can reach 8 kPa in summer. Two commonly used A – gs models were not able to capture the observed decrease in A and gs with increasing D at the leaf scale. To explain this decrease in A and gs , two alternative hypotheses were tested: hydraulic limitation (i.e., plants reduce gs and/or A due to insufficient water supply) and non-stomatal limitation (i.e., downregulation of photosynthetic capacity). We found that the model that incorporated a non-stomatal limitation captured the observations with high fidelity and required the fewest number of parameters. Whilst the model incorporating hydraulic limitation captured the observed A and gs , it did so via a physical mechanism that is incorrect. We then incorporated a non-stomatal limitation into the stand model, MAESPA, to examine its impact on canopy transpiration and gross primary production. Accounting for a non-stomatal limitation reduced the predicted transpiration by ~19%, improving the correspondence with sap flow measurements, and gross primary production by ~14%. Given the projected global increases in D associated with future warming, these findings suggest that models may need to incorporate non-stomatal limitation to accurately simulate A and gs in the future with high D. Further data on non-stomatal limitation at high D should be a priority, in order to determine the generality of our results and develop a widely applicable model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) a member of the Amaranthaceae family is a dicotyledon pseudocereal. Quinoa is a plant that is very resistant to unfavorable environmental conditions and shows high resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Quinoa seeds have a higher nutritional value than many cereal grains and contain higher quality protein and large amounts of carbohydrates, fat, vitamins, and minerals, which are used both in human food and for feeding animals. The high adaptability of this product to different weather conditions has increased the yield of its various types in countries outside of South America. The existence of nutritious compounds in quinoa seeds, including the combination of amino acids, minerals, and vitamins, has led to more research on the properties of this plant.Materials and methods: The field experiment was conducted to study the relationship between agronomic traits (including plant height, panicle length, number of seeds per plant, plant yield, thousand seed weight, seed yield, biological yield, and harvest index) and mineral elements of quinoa seeds (including Zn, Fe, Mn, Na, Ca, K, and P). The experiment was conducted in the 2018-2019 growing season at the faculty of agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah with a randomized complete blocks design as a split-plot factorial with three replications. The experimental treatments included three planting dates (March 15, April 15, and May 15) as the main factor and the combination of planting densities (40 and 60 plants/m2) with genotypes (Q29, Titicaca, and Red Carina) as subplot factor.Results: The results of the experiment showed that the seed yield (2297.5 kg/ha) on the sowing date of April was significantly higher than March and May (1484.5 and 2137.7 kg/ha) sowing dates, respectively. The effect of the studied treatments on the mineral elements of quinoa seed was insignificant. The mean comparison for plant density showed that the density of 60 plants/m2 had a higher seed yield than the density of 40 plants/m2. The results of canonical correlation analysis showed that Wilk's lambda statistic was significant at a 5% probability level in the case of the first function, indicating the existence of a significant correlation between the two groups of the studied traits.Conclusion: The results of this evaluation showed that zinc (Zn) and phosphorus (P) had the highest correlation with the corresponding focal function among the mineral elements. Among the agronomical traits, the highest correlation was between the traits of 1000 seed weight and panicle length with the first focal function. Therefore, the plants with higher values of 1000 seeds weight and panicle length, can be used to select seeds with higher amounts of zinc (Zn) and phosphorus (P).

Bu araştırma, Râşit halifeler Hz. Ebubekir (öl. 13/634), Hz. Ömer (öl. 23/644), Hz. Osman (öl. 35/656) ve Hz. Ali’nin (öl. 40/661) tevki‘ örneklerindeki delalet ve metinsel bağlamları, bununla birlikte söz konusu tevkî’lerin genel bağlamlarını incelemekte ve bu tevki‘ örneklerini otorite, fesahat (belagat) ve adalet vasıflarına sahip olan göndericileriyle ilişkilendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu tevki‘ metinlerinin alıcı tarafından metne herhangi bir ekleme veya metinden herhangi bir azaltma yapılmaksızın tam bir zarafet içerisinde; farkındalık, önsezi ve sorumlulukla ele alınması gerekmektedir. Araştırma, tevki‘in üretim sahasını ele almakta ve bununla birlikte bu metinlerin içerdiği tefsir ve istişhatlar yönünden ifade şekillerini incelemektedir. Bu özelliklerinin yanı sıra araştırma, ifadelerini dile dökmek ve içerdiği belagat vecihleri ile metinsel farklılıklarını ortaya koymak amacıyla belirli bir risaleyi ifade eden tevki‘ metinlerine başvurmuştur. Araştırma neticesinde Râşit halifelerin tevki‘ metinlerini, söz konusu metinlerin bağlamları ve üretim sahalarıyla uyumlu olacak şekilde; bilgelik, ikna, îcâz, telkin, yoğunlaşma, açık fikirlilik ve kapalılıktan kaçınma gibi vasıflarla ve bir hedefe uygun olarak kaleme aldıkları görülmüştür. Araştırma neticesinde tevkî’lerin manaya odaklanma ve yoğunlaşma şeklinde bir kalıp etrafında dönen, süzülmüş güzel lafızlara ve lafzın açıklığı ve mananın edebî yönünü cem eden üretken ve canlı bir dil meydana getirme noktasında ilham kaynağı niteliğindeki kelimelere dayanan ve böylece mesel konumuna giren faydalı cümleler olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Halifeler tevkî‘ metinlerini, söz konusu metinlerin bağlamları ve üretim sahalarıyla uyumlu olacak şekilde; bilgelik, ikna, îcâz, telkin, yoğunlaşma, açık fikirlilik ve kapalılıktan kaçınmayla birlikte bir hedefe uygun olarak oluşturdukları görülmüştür. Bu şekilde de onlar, birçok siyasi ve toplumsal meseleyi çözme noktasında bu tevkîleri belli bir hedef doğrultusunda kullanmışlardır.

Coffee is a national strategic commodity that contributes to Indonesia’s foreign exchange, but its productivity remains low due to cultivation on low potential land. This study aimed to determine the land suitability of endemic liberica coffee using two different methods and formulate recommendations for land management in Pinogu Plateau. Thirteen land units were surveyed, and soil samples were collected and analyzed in the laboratory to identify the land characteristics. Land suitability classes (LSCs) were compared by limiting factor and parametric methods. Analysis using the limiting factor method showed that the actual LSCs for liberica coffee consisted of moderately suitable (S2) and marginally suitable (S3) classes. Efforts for improvement could increase the potential of LSC to became very suitable (S1) and S2 classes. Meanwhile, the assessment with the parametric method indicated that the LSC consisted of S1, S2, and S3 classes. These results revealed that the parametric method provides more realistic land characteristics than the limiting factor method. Land management II or the land that had a little limiting factor turned out to be more dominant with the recommendation of adding P and organic fertilizer.

Owing to the relative abundance of its constituent elements and large magnetocaloric properties observed near room temperature, the AlFe2B2 system has attracted much attention recently. Here, we have studied the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of Al0.85+xSi0.15Fe2B2 (x = 0.2, 0.4) prepared by drop-casting followed by annealing and acid treatment. The second order ferromagnetic phase transitions were observed near room temperature (∼298–305 K) and peak magnetic entropy changes (−ΔSM) of more than −6 J kg−1 K−1 were observed for a field change of 5 T. The results are discussed in terms of the impurity phases formed in the compounds due to excess aluminum.

We have synthesized a series of Co-doped Mn0.5Fe0.5Ni1−xCoxSi0.94Al0.06 (0.025 ≤ x ≤ 0.05) alloys by arc melting followed by a rapidly quenched vacuum suction casting technique and studied the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of the system. All measurements were performed on the as-cast and annealed samples. X-ray diffraction data indicated that the samples exhibited a hexagonal phase at room temperature. Magnetization data showed that the annealed samples exhibited significantly larger transition temperatures than the as-cast samples. All samples showed the first-order phase transition with a thermomagnetic hysteresis of more than 20 K. The phase transitions were accompanied by isothermal entropy changes of as large as −16.4 J kg−1 K−1 and −42.4 J kg−1 K−1 for field changes of 20 and 50 kOe, respectively. Large refrigeration capacities and temperature averaged entropy changes of up to 201 J/kg and 34.05 J kg−1 K−1, respectively, were observed for a field change of 50 kOe.

Beton memadat sendiri mempunyai sifat dapat mengalir sendiri, kental dan kompak sehingga meminimalkan pemadatan secara mekanis. Beton ini sangat cocok untuk mengatasi penempatan beton pada daerah yang sempit dan banyak tulangannya. Analisis nonlinier elemen hingga tiga dimensi balok beton memadat sendiri mutu tinggi dan normal beton mutu tinggi dengan pemadatan mekanis dilakukan dengan software MSC Marc/Mentat. Baja dimodelkan dengan tertanam di beton. Kriteria kegagalan Linier Mohr-Coulomb digunakan untuk beton dan Von Mises untuk baja tulangan. Beton dan tumpuan baja dimodelkan dengan elemen solid berbentuk kubus sisinya 25 mm. Baja tulangan diidealisasikan sebagai elemen truss. Kontak analisis dilakukan antara balok dengan pelat beban dan juga pelat tumpuan. Hasil kurva beban lendutan untuk kedua beton hampir sama dengan hasil kurva eksperimen. Hasil analisis kontak juga memperlihatkan terjadi kontak dan perlepasan pada bidang kontak baja tumpuan beban dan tumpuan balok dengan beton. Hasil parameter studi berupa faktor retensi geser memperlihatkan bahwa nilai faktor ini mendekati 1 maka balok akan lebih besar menahan beban, hal ini dikarenakan terjadi penguncian tegangan pada bal ok. Hasil studi mengenai rasio tulangan juga menunjukkan pengurangan 70% dan penambahan 70% apabila menggunakan tulangan minium dan maksimum, berturut-turut. Selimut beton yang semakin besar juga mengurangi beban yang dapat ditahan oleh balok.

Abstrak Indonesia merupakan negara yang rentan terhadap bencana gempa bumi. Banyak rumah atau gedung di Indonesia dibangun dengan menggunakan material beton bertulang. Kerusakan geser pada elemen beton bertulang tersebut sangat berbahaya, hal ini dikarenakan kerusakan ini terjadi secara tiba-tiba dan biasanya terjadi secara eksplosif. Analisis nonlinier elemen hingga tiga dimensi balok beton memadat mandiri dan beton mutu tinggi dengan pemadatan mekanis dilakukan dengan software MSC Marc/Mentat. Baja dimodelkan dengan tertanam di beton. Kriteria kegagalan Linier Mohr-Coulomb digunakan untuk beton dan Von Mises untuk baja tulangan. Hasil kurva hubungan beban-lendutan untuk kedua balok beton memadat mandiri dan beton mutu tinggi pemadatan mekanis hampir sama dengan hasil kurva eksperimen di daerah elastic, namun setelah melewati fase elastik, kurva analisis berbeda sedikit dengan kurva eksperimen. Hasil analisis teoritis kekuatan beton hampir sama dengan hasil analisis elemen hingga balok beton tanpa tulangan. Hasil analisis kontak juga memperlihatkan terjadi kontak dan perlepasan pada bidang kontak baja tumpuan beban dan tumpuan balok dengan beton. Kata kunci: beton memadat mandiri, mutu tinggi, elemen hingga, MSC Marc/Mentat Abstract Indonesia is a country that is prone to earthquakes. Many houses or buildings in Indonesia are built using reinforced concrete material. Shear damage to reinforced concrete elements is very dangerous, because this damage occurs suddenly and usually occurs explosively. The nonlinear three-dimensional finite element analysis of self-compacting concrete beam and high strength concrete beam by mechanical compaction were carried out using the MSC Marc/Mentat software. Steel is modeled by being embedded in concrete. The Mohr-Coulomb Linear failure criterion is used for concrete and Von Mises for reinforcing steel. The results of the load- deflection curves for both self-compacting and mechanical compaction high-strength concrete beams are almost the same as those of the experimental curves in the elastic area, after elasticity, the analysis curve differs slightly from the experimental curve. The results of the theoretical analysis of the strength of the concrete are almost the same as the results of the analysis of the finite element concrete beams without reinforcement. The results of the contact analysis also showed that there was contact and detachment in the contact area of the load bearing steel and the beam support with the concrete. Keywords: self-compacting concrete, high strength, finite element, MSC Marc/Mentat

Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) is one of the engineered wood products consisting of wood veneers that are glued and pressed together. In this study, the behavior of LVL Sengon slender beam is numerically investigated by means of nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA), where only half of the experimental beam was modeled due to symmetry of the load configuration. The LVL Sengon wood material used Hill failure criterion with isotropic hardening rules, and its mechanical properties in both tension and compression are modelled according to its mechanical properties in tension obtained from the clear specimen test. The contact analysis is defined for each contacting and contacted elements. The FEA results well agreed with the experimental results in term of the load-deflection curve and failure mode of the beam. It is found that the lateral support has no effect on the stiffness of the beam. The beam stiffness and ultimate load increase by the increase of beam height-to-width ratio (𝑑/𝑏).

The controlled release of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) from promoter-proximal pausing (PPP) sites is critical for transcription elongation in metazoans. We show that the human tumor suppressor BRCA2 interacts with RNAPII to regulate PPP release, thereby preventing unscheduled RNA-DNA hybrids (R-loops) implicated in genomic instability and carcinogenesis. BRCA2 inactivation by depletion or cancer-causing mutations instigates RNAPII accumulation and R-loop accrual at PPP sites in actively transcribed genes, accompanied by γH2AX formation marking DNA breakage, which is reduced by ERCC4 endonuclease depletion. BRCA2 inactivation decreases RNAPII-associated factor 1 (PAF1) recruitment (which normally promotes RNAPII release) and diminishes H2B Lys120 ubiquitination, impeding nascent RNA synthesis. PAF1 depletion phenocopies, while its overexpression ameliorates, R-loop accumulation after BRCA2 inactivation. Thus, an unrecognized role for BRCA2 in the transition from promoter-proximal pausing to productive elongation via augmented PAF1 recruitment to RNAPII is subverted by disease-causing mutations, provoking R-loop-mediated DNA breakage in BRCA2-deficient cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background The aim of this study is to monitor the concept of ‘leaving no one behind’ in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to track the implications of the mobilization of health care resources by the National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) of Sudan. Methods A cross-sectional study was used to monitor ‘leaving no one behind’ in NHIF by analyzing the secondary data of the information system for the year 2016. The study categorized the catchment areas of health care centers (HCCS) according to district administrative divisions, which are neighborhood, subdistrict, district, and zero. The District Division Administrative Disaggregation Data (DDADD) framework was developed and investigated with the use of descriptive statistics, maps of Sudan, the Mann-Whitney test, the Kruskal-Wallis test and health equity catchment indicators. SPSS ver. 18 and EndNote X8 were also used. Results The findings show that the NHIF has mobilized HCCs according to coverage of the insured population. This mobilization protected the insured poor in high-coverage insured population districts and left those living in very low-coverage districts behind. The Mann-Whitney test presented a significant median difference in the utilization rate between catchment areas (P value

We present an experimental study on the crystalline, magnetic, and magnetocaloric properties of Ni deficient (Mn-rich) (Mn0.525Fe0.5)Ni0.975Si0.95Al0.05. The study has been performed by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and dc magnetization measurements. X-ray diffraction measurements showed that the sample primarily exhibited the orthorhombic structure at room temperature. The coupled structural and ferromagnetic transition occurred at ∼338 K, which is significantly larger than ∼320 K observed in (Mn0.50Fe0.5)NiSi0.95Al0.05. Maximum magnetic entropy changes of ΔSM = −9.5 and 25 J kg−1K−1 for ΔH = 20 kOe and 50 kOe, respectively, have been observed in the material. Large refrigeration capacities of 60 J/kg and 160 J/kg for field changes of ΔH = 20 kOe and 50 kOe, respectively, have also been observed.

We have studied the magneto-transport properties of a series of ZrNi2-xCuxGa compounds. For all Cu concentration (x ≤ 0.5) the samples exhibited the L21 cubic structure at room temperature and demonstrated superconductivity below 2 K. A superconducting phase transition temperature of as low as ∼1 K and a critical magnetic field of 1.78 T was observed in the system. A linear extrapolation of TC to T = 0 highly indicated that a stoichiometry-dependent superconducting quantum phase transition may occur in ZrNi2-xCuxGa at xc = 0.90.

In this Letter, a multistage energy management system is developed and analysed incorporating the coordination between the tertiary stage and the primary stage. In the tertiary level, a day-ahead peak shaving strategy is developed using the autoregressive moving average and artificial neural network technique. These two techniques are used to predict customer's power demand and photovoltaic power generation, which are fed to a tertiary controller for the day-ahead power demand management. As the peak-power-demand management system is highly dependent on the demand-generation values, any fluctuations and errors in predicted values impact the performance of the peak shaving. The reference power generated from the energy management layer at the tertiary stage is communicated to the local inverter controller at the primary stage. The inverter implements a dq-current controller to track the reference power efficiently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reinforced concrete is one of the most widely used building materials in Indonesia due to its workability, easiness, and reasonable price. Meanwhile, it is very important to understand the response of these elements during the loading process to ensure the development of an effective structure and one of the most effective numerical methods for reinforced concrete elements is the Finite Element Analysis (FEA). This study was, therefore, conducted to investigate the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beam using a nonlinear finite element analysis through the application of the MSC MARC/MENTAT software program. This involved the use of a solid element to represent concrete while the truss bar was applied for reinforcing steel after which multi-linear and bilinear models were considered for the two elements respectively while embedded reinforcement model was applied to model the rebar. Moreover, the beam model was also studied and compared with experimental data from previous literature. The result showed the load-deflection to have significantly increased due to an increment in the steel reinforcement yield strength. The same was also observed for the concrete compressive strength while a decrease was recorded in deflection due to the reduction in the compressive strength because the strain was reaching the crushing value. Furthermore, the concrete tension model was found to be the same with the experimental results with the tensile strength observed to have lost its strength after reaching the tensile stress while the contact behavior of the modeled reinforced concrete beam showed the existence of a slip at the support and loading points.