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This review summarizes the presentations given at the 22nd International conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases in the Pacific Rim. The purpose of this annual meeting is to foster international collaborations and address important public health issues in the Asia-Pacific region. This meeting was held in Bangkok in February 2020 and focused on emerging virus infections. Unexpectedly, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic was in the initial stages leading to a special session on COVID-19 in addition to talks on dengue, influenza, hepatitis, AIDS, Zika, chikungunya, rabies, cervical cancer and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. • Early recognition and response to SARS-CoV-2 entry into Thailand and Cambodia. • Pathogenesis of HIV, rabies, Lassa, chikungunya, coronavirus and paramyxovirus. • Improved diagnosis and treatment for norovirus, HBV and EBV infections. • Vaccine development for influenza, dengue, HIV, HCV and mosquito-borne pathogens. • Successful control of human papillomavirus infection through vaccination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In order to investigate effects of the post-spinel transformation on rheological behavior of descending slabs, we conducted simultaneous deformation and eutectoid reaction experiments using an analogue reaction from albite to jadeite and quartz by a deformation-DIA apparatus. Flow stress and transformed fraction were quantitatively obtained by in-situ X-ray observations during the constant strain rate deformation. The microstructures of recovered samples as well as the flow and kinetic data suggest sequential variation of the creep mechanism from dislocation creep of the transformed eutectoid colony followed by the grain-size sensitive creep in the degenerated eutectoid structure. Our study demonstrated that the creep behavior during the eutectoid transformation involves various processes than previously thought. The slabs may not be weaken promptly after entering into the lower mantle when the size of eutectoid colony is enough large, and keep their strength (or harden) over a period of time depending on the degeneration kinetics of the colony. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]