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The COVID-19 pandemic changed the way that schools provide instruction to learners and these changes may last for an extended period of time. One current trend is the use of hyflex instruction, which involves teachers providing instruction to students simultaneously in the classroom and online. This form of instruction provides unique challenges for teachers, including establishing expectations and managing classroom behaviors. Teachers must utilize the same best practices in classroom management in the hyflex environment that they typically use in the face-to-face setting, including (a) teaching expectations, (b) modeling the desired behavior, and (c) providing timely and explicit feedback to support students, especially young children and those with disabilities, to follow the guidelines for physical distancing and to keep students, teachers, administrators, and their families safe at this time. This article provides a brief overview for general and special education teachers to apply these strategies in the hyflex instructional environment to support young children and maintain protocols required due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The public sector should reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions from the building stock, thereby serving as a role model for the private sector. In Korea, public buildings are leading the green remodeling business initiative as part of a carbon-neutral strategy. Building envelope retrofitting is essential for the green remodeling of existing buildings because it significantly affects the buildings' aesthetic appearance, occupant comfort, and energy usage. From the perspectives of constructability and cost, prefabricated envelope systems offer various advantages and can contribute to the growth of the green remodeling business. To develop an effective prefabricated envelope system, a thorough analysis of the existing building stock must be conducted. Therefore, this study aims to investigate existing public office buildings in Korea to obtain a better understanding of the considerations necessary for developing prefabricated envelope systems. The survey utilized the image search and road-view functions of map services, following an appropriate sample design. Based on the survey results, the characteristics of the building types and envelopes, as well as considerations for developing prefabricated envelope systems are discussed. Furthermore, this study quantitatively analyzed the energy conservation potential through building energy simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Play is considered an important activity of the early childhood years. Research supports the contribution of play to children's development, learning, and well-being. In spite of this, time for play is being pushed out in many early childhood programs by greater time allotted to formal instruction in narrow academic skills to be tested eventually by standardized tests. As a result, current preservice teachers are likely to see fewer examples of appropriate time and support for play in their field placements in early childhood settings. The purpose of this study was to document and analyze what happens when an experiential play lab is implemented in an early childhood teacher education program. This qualitative study includes multiple forms of data collection, including two forms of reflective writings and group discussions. After the workshop, preservice teachers made a greater number of references to play in their defense of developmentally appropriate practice, and the nature of their references to play increased in their focus on play process and on teacher roles in children's play, as compared to prior to the lab. The results of this study of an experiential play intervention support its potential as a means of probing, documenting, and enriching students' understanding of the importance of providing for and supporting play in classrooms for young children.

This study analyzes the effect of sample movement on the drying performance based on the drying conditions in a heat pump dryer. The sample movement changes are analyzed by controlling hot air flow into the drum and the mechanical force caused by drum rotation. A drying program is then developed for controlling the drying conditions. Considering the sample movement in the heat pump dryer, for the drum rotating at 50 rpm along with hot air flow, the sample mainly moves at the center of the drum, resulting in more changes in the local movement of the sample than those when only hot air is introduced, or only drum rotation is operated. Moreover, for the abovementioned condition, the drying period was the lowest and the wrinkle recovery is excellent, but the shrinkage increases. Therefore, by identifying the sample movements affecting the drying performance, the drying period decreases as the sample moves, occupying the entire space including the center of the drum. The shrinkage increases when the sample is at the center of the drum. However, it is advantageous for wrinkle recovery when the sample is in the first quadrant and tumbles. On this basis, the drying process is classified into three stages. Hot air flow, drum rotation speed, and drum rotation direction conditions are combined, resulting in efficient wrinkle recovery and shrinkage reduction simultaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]