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Copyright of EMPIRIA: Revista de Metodología de Ciencias Sociales is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Substance use among adolescents is a public health problem, and the simultaneous use of multiple substances aggravates this problem. Although the facilitators of specific substance use in adolescents have been widely investigated, polydrug use is a less common topic. Likewise, the role that the origin of the information available to adolescents regarding substance use plays in relation to polydrug use is practically unexplored., Objectives: This work analyzed the relevance of the origin of the information sources available to adolescents regarding substance use, among which we distinguished those that were monitored (or supervised) by public agencies from those that were unmonitored (or unsupervised) in the consumption of more than one substance. As control variables, we considered three individual factors and four environmental factors. The relevance of these sources was analysed from a dual perspective: on the one hand, their statistical relevance was measured, and on the other hand, how they combined with the control variables was analysed to identify risk and risk-free profiles in substance poly-drug use., Methods: This paper utilized a sample of N = 573 adolescents aged ≥17 years. This sample was collected from a survey administered in the spring of 2023. We examined the impact of unmonitored information sources (peers, siblings, and the Internet) and supervised sources (school, parents, and media) on the combined consumption of alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis. Additionally, we took three individual factors (gender, early onset of alcohol, and tobacco use) and four environmental factors (parental control, alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use among peers) into account as control variables. Initially, we conducted a regression analysis to adjust for the impact of these factors on polydrug use. Subsequently, we employed a fuzzy set qualitative analysis (fsQCA) to investigate how predictor factors combined with the formation of adolescent profiles associated with polydrug consumption and nonconsumption., Results: Unmonitored information sources were associated with a greater incidence of poly consumption, with ORs of 1.703 and p values of 0.004. However, the protective effects of regulated information sources remained ambiguous. Among the variables positively linked with of polydrug use, are female sex ( OR = 1.329, p = 0.0076), early alcohol consumption ( OR = 4.680, p < 0.0001), and early tobacco consumption ( OR = 3.242, p < 0.001) were the most important. Peer drinking ( OR = 1.556, p = 0.0187) and peer cannabis use ( OR = 1.351, p = 0.0226) were also significantly correlated. The use of the fsQCA made it possible to identify the profiles of adolescents associated to polysubstance use and non-use. The conditions of the configurations that explained use were characterized by an early onset of the joint consumption of tobacco and alcohol. The profile of non-consuming adolescents is that of adolescents whose peers do not use tobacco or cannabis and who have parental control and monitored sources., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (© 2024 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press.)

Objective: The incorporation of gender variable in drug addiction studies provides information about the presence of differences in the therapeutic success rates between men and women. Is therefore essential to carry out studies to analyse the efficacy of differentiated treatments to improve their success. The objective of this study is to observe differences in success rates among women and men undergoing therapy for drug dependence at an addiction centre during two different periods, before 2005, in which they are treated together and after 2005, in which they are treated in separate groups., Methods: The method was as follows: profiling of the individuals in treatment, analysis of the relationship between successful therapy and the independent variables, T-tests of independent samples and, finally, a logistic regression analysis of the period after 2005 when women and men were separated., Results: Improved success rates were observed among women after 2005 compared with the previous period (Odds of success in women before 2005=2,00; after 2005=7,08). Success rates among men did not change significantly (Odds of success in men before 2005=2,78; after 2005=2,75). Women's success rates were higher than men's (24,4 times more probable on average) for all types of substance abuse and increased for shorter types of treatment, whereas success rates with longer treatments tended to be similar for both men and women (20,5 more likely)., Conclusions: The study shows improved success rates for drug-dependent women when they are treated separately from men, once the specific problems of drug addiction in women are taken into account., Competing Interests: Disclosure The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.