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1,160 results on '"Podestà, A."'

1. From risk to reward: Japan’s potential for health and economic improvements

Author

Eiko Saito and Federico Podestà

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Social Sciences
Abstract

Abstract This study examines the relationship between risky consumption behaviors, non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and socioeconomic costs in Japan using the Preventable Risk Integrated ModEl (PRIME). We assess the potential impact of healthier lifestyle choices on NCD incidences and costs in 2019. Japan's rising healthcare expenditures threaten its economic future. Excessive intake of salt, tobacco, and alcohol, along with insufficient fiber and fruit consumption, significantly contribute to high NCD rates. Our analysis shows that healthier behaviors could have prevented 564,000 NCD cases, potentially saving $35 billion in health costs and economic losses in 2019. We consider scenarios where smokers switch to heated tobacco products (HTPs), applying conservative risk reduction estimates. Higher risk reduction levels could triple smoking-attributable savings. Projecting these savings over ten years would increase economic benefits tenfold. The study emphasizes the need for comprehensive public health strategies promoting healthier lifestyles. Targeted interventions, such as stricter regulation of high-risk products and incentives for healthier alternatives, could reduce NCD incidences and healthcare costs. While PRIME provides valuable insights, further research is needed to refine our understanding of risk factor-disease relationships.

Published
2024
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3. Intraoperative transcystic laparoscopic common bile duct stone clearance with SpyGlass™ discover during emergency and elective cholecystectomy: a single-center case series

Author

Fugazzola, Paola, Bianchi, Carlo Maria, Calabretto, Francesca, Cicuttin, Enrico, Dal Mas, Francesca, Dominioni, Tommaso, Maestri, Marcello, Mauro, Aurelio, Podestà, Alice, Tomasoni, Matteo, Brucchi, Francesco, Viganò, Jacopo, Ansaloni, Luca, Anderloni, Andrea, and Cobianchi, Lorenzo

Published
2024
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5. Intraoperative transcystic laparoscopic common bile duct stone clearance with SpyGlass™ discover during emergency and elective cholecystectomy: a single-center case series

Author

Paola Fugazzola, Carlo Maria Bianchi, Francesca Calabretto, Enrico Cicuttin, Francesca Dal Mas, Tommaso Dominioni, Marcello Maestri, Aurelio Mauro, Alice Podestà, Matteo Tomasoni, Francesco Brucchi, Jacopo Viganò, Luca Ansaloni, Andrea Anderloni, and Lorenzo Cobianchi

Subjects
Case series, Choledochoscopy, Choledocholithiasis, Cholangioscopy, SpyGlass, Surgery, RD1-811, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract

Abstract Background and study aim The development of a new cholangioscope, the SpyGlass™ Discover (Boston Scientific), has allowed the laparoscopic transcystic common bile duct exploration and stone clearance. The possibility of simultaneous treatment of choledocholithiasis during early laparoscopic cholecystectomy offers the opportunity to enormously reduce the time between acute cholecystitis diagnosis and the execution of cholecystectomy with better outcomes for patients. Furthermore, an altered anatomy of the gastrointestinal tract is not an obstacle to this technique. The aim of the study was to determine whether this new procedure is feasible, safe, and effective. Patients and methods The investigation employs a retrospective case series study including all consecutive patients with a diagnosis of common bile duct stones undergoing cholecystectomy and intraoperative laparoscopic common bile duct clearance using SpyGlass™ Discover at IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo in Pavia (Italy). Eighteen patients were included from May 2022 to May 2023. Results A complete clearance of the common bile duct was obtained in 88.9% of patients. The mean postoperative length of stay was 3 days. No major complications occurred. After a median follow-up of 8 months, no recurrence of biliary events or readmissions occurred. Conclusion This procedure has proven to be feasible, safe, and effective.

Published
2024
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6. Progressive alteration of murine bladder elasticity in actinic cystitis detected by Brillouin microscopy

Author

Laura Martinez-Vidal, Claudia Testi, Emanuele Pontecorvo, Filippo Pederzoli, Elisa Alchera, Irene Locatelli, Chiara Venegoni, Antonello Spinelli, Roberta Lucianò, Andrea Salonia, Alessandro Podestà, Giancarlo Ruocco, and Massimo Alfano

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Bladder mechanical properties are critical for organ function and tissue homeostasis. Therefore, alterations of tissue mechanics are linked to disease onset and progression. This study aims to characterize the tissue elasticity of the murine bladder wall considering its different anatomical components, both in healthy conditions and in actinic cystitis, a state characterized by tissue fibrosis. Here, we exploit Brillouin microscopy, an emerging technique in the mechanobiology field that allows mapping tissue mechanics at the microscale, in non-contact mode and free of labeling. We show that Brillouin imaging of bladder tissues is able to recognize the different anatomical components of the bladder wall, confirmed by histopathological analysis, showing different tissue mechanical properties of the physiological bladder, as well as a significant alteration in the presence of tissue fibrosis. Our results point out the potential use of Brillouin imaging on clinically relevant samples as a complementary technique to histopathological analysis, deciphering complex mechanical alteration of each tissue layer of an organ that strongly relies on mechanical properties to perform its function.

Published
2024
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7. Infinite families of homogeneous Bismut Ricci flat manifolds

Author

Podestà, Fabio and Raffero, Alberto

Subjects
Mathematics - Differential Geometry, High Energy Physics - Theory, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

Starting from compact symmetric spaces of inner type, we provide infinite families of compact homogeneous spaces carrying invariant non-flat Bismut connections with vanishing Ricci tensor. These examples turn out to be generalized symmetric spaces of order $4$ and (up to coverings) can be realized as minimal submanifolds of the Bismut flat model spaces, namely compact Lie groups. This construction generalizes the standard Cartan embedding of symmetric spaces.

Published
2022
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10. Stepwise differentiation of follicular helper T cells reveals distinct developmental and functional states

Author

Manuel A. Podestà, Cecilia B. Cavazzoni, Benjamin L. Hanson, Elsa D. Bechu, Garyfallia Ralli, Rachel L. Clement, Hengcheng Zhang, Pragya Chandrakar, Jeong-Mi Lee, Tamara Reyes-Robles, Reza Abdi, Alos Diallo, Debattama R. Sen, and Peter T. Sage

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells are essential for the formation of high affinity antibodies after vaccination or infection. Although the signals responsible for initiating Tfh differentiation from naïve T cells have been studied, the signals controlling sequential developmental stages culminating in optimal effector function are not well understood. Here we use fate mapping strategies for the cytokine IL-21 to uncover sequential developmental stages of Tfh differentiation including a progenitor-like stage, a fully developed effector stage and a post-effector Tfh stage that maintains transcriptional and epigenetic features without IL-21 production. We find that progression through these stages are controlled intrinsically by the transcription factor FoxP1 and extrinsically by follicular regulatory T cells. Through selective deletion of Tfh stages, we show that these cells control antibody dynamics during distinct stages of the germinal center reaction in response to a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Together, these studies demonstrate the sequential phases of Tfh development and how they promote humoral immunity.

Published
2023
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11. Considerations for reporting variants in novel candidate genes identified during clinical genomic testing

Author

Abouhala, Siwaar, Albert, Jessica, Almalvez, Miguel, Alvarez, Raquel, Amin, Mutaz, Anderson, Peter, Aradhya, Swaroop, Ashley, Euan, Assimes, Themistocles, Auriga, Light, Austin-Tse, Christina, Bamshad, Mike, Barseghyan, Hayk, Baxter, Samantha, Behera, Sairam, Beheshti, Shaghayegh, Bejerano, Gill, Berger, Seth, Bernstein, Jon, Best, Sabrina, Blankenmeister, Benjamin, Blue, Elizabeth, Boerwinkle, Eric, Bonkowski, Emily, Bonner, Devon, Boone, Philip, Bornhorst, Miriam, Brand, Harrison, Buckingham, Kati, Calame, Daniel, Carter, Jennefer, Casadei, Silvia, Chadwick, Lisa, Chavez, Clarisa, Chen, Ziwei, Chinn, Ivan, Chong, Jessica, Coban-Akdemir, Zeynep, Cohen, Andrea J., Conner, Sarah, Conomos, Matthew, Coveler, Karen, Cui, Ya Allen, Currin, Sara, Daber, Robert, Dardas, Zain, Davis, Colleen, Dawood, Moez, de Dios, Ivan, de Esch, Celine, Delaney, Meghan, Delot, Emmanuele, DiTroia, Stephanie, Doddapaneni, Harsha, Du, Haowei, Duan, Ruizhi, Dugan-Perez, Shannon, Duong, Nhat, Duyzend, Michael, Eichler, Evan, Emami, Sara, Fraser, Jamie, Fusaro, Vincent, Galey, Miranda, Ganesh, Vijay, Garcia, Brandon, Garimella, Kiran, Gibbs, Richard, Gifford, Casey, Ginsburg, Amy, Goddard, Page, Gogarten, Stephanie, Gogate, Nikhita, Gordon, William, Gorzynski, John E., Greenleaf, William, Grochowski, Christopher, Groopman, Emily, Sousa, Rodrigo Guarischi, Gudmundsson, Sanna, Gulati, Ashima, Hall, Stacey, Harvey, William, Hawley, Megan, Heavner, Ben, Horike-Pyne, Martha, Hu, Jianhong, Huang, Yongqing, Hwang, James, Jarvik, Gail, Jensen, Tanner, Jhangiani, Shalini, Jimenez-Morales, David, Jin, Christopher, Saad, Ahmed K., Kahn-Kirby, Amanda, Kain, Jessica, Kaur, Parneet, Keehan, Laura, Knoblach, Susan, Ko, Arthur, Kundaje, Anshul, Kundu, Soumya, Lancaster, Samuel M., Larsson, Katie, Lee, Arthur, Lemire, Gabrielle, Lewis, Richard, Li, Wei, Li, Yidan, Liu, Pengfei, LoTempio, Jonathan, Lupski, James (Jim), Ma, Jialan, MacArthur, Daniel, Mahmoud, Medhat, Malani, Nirav, Mangilog, Brian, Marafi, Dana, Marmolejos, Sofia, Marten, Daniel, Martinez, Eva, Marvin, Colby, Marwaha, Shruti, Mastrorosa, Francesco Kumara, Matalon, Dena, May, Susanne, McGee, Sean, Meador, Lauren, Mefford, Heather, Mendez, Hector Rodrigo, Miller, Alexander, Miller, Danny E., Mitani, Tadahiro, Montgomery, Stephen, Moyses, Mariana, Munderloh, Chloe, Muzny, Donna, Nelson, Sarah, Nguyen, Thuy-mi P., Nguyen, Jonathan, Nussbaum, Robert, Nykamp, Keith, O'Callaghan, William, O'Heir, Emily, O'Leary, Melanie, Olsen, Jeren, Osei-Owusu, Ikeoluwa, O'Donnell-Luria, Anne, Padhi, Evin, Pais, Lynn, Pan, Miao, Panchal, Piyush, Patterson, Karynne, Payne, Sheryl, Pehlivan, Davut, Petrowski, Paul, Pham, Alicia, Pitsava, Georgia, Podesta, Astaria`Sara, Ponce, Sarah, Porter, Elizabeth, Posey, Jennifer, Prosser, Jaime, Quertermous, Thomas, Rai, Archana, Ramani, Arun, Rehm, Heidi, Reuter, Chloe, Reuter, Jason, Richardson, Matthew, Rivera-Munoz, Andres, Rubio, Oriane, Sabo, Aniko, Salani, Monica, Samocha, Kaitlin, Sanchis-Juan, Alba, Savage, Sarah, Scott, Evette, Scott, Stuart, Sedlazeck, Fritz, Shah, Gulalai, Shojaie, Ali, Singh, Mugdha, Smith, Kevin, Smith, Josh, Snow, Hana, Snyder, Michael, Socarras, Kayla, Starita, Lea, Stark, Brigitte, Stenton, Sarah, Stergachis, Andrew, Stilp, Adrienne, Sutton, V. Reid, Tai, Jui-Cheng, Talkowski, Michael (Mike), Tise, Christina, Tong, Catherine (Cat), Tsao, Philip, Ungar, Rachel, VanNoy, Grace, Vilain, Eric, Voutos, Isabella, Walker, Kim, Wei, Chia-Lin, Weisburd, Ben, Weiss, Jeff, Wellington, Chris, Weng, Ziming, Westheimer, Emily, Wheeler, Marsha, Wheeler, Matthew, Wiel, Laurens, Wilson, Michael, Wojcik, Monica, Wong, Quenna, Xiao, Changrui, Yadav, Rachita, Yi, Qian, Yuan, Bo, Zhao, Jianhua, Zhen, Jimmy, Zhou, Harry, Chong, Jessica X., Berger, Seth I., Smith, Erica, Calame, Daniel G., Hawley, Megan H., Rivera-Munoz, E. Andres, Bamshad, Michael J., and Rehm, Heidi L.

Published
2024
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18. Corrigendum: Newborn screening for X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy in Italy: diagnostic algorithm and disease monitoring

Author

Eleonora Bonaventura, Luisella Alberti, Simona Lucchi, Laura Cappelletti, Salvatore Fazzone, Elisa Cattaneo, Matteo Bellini, Giana Izzo, Cecilia Parazzini, Alessandra Bosetti, Elisabetta Di Profio, Giulia Fiore, Matilde Ferrario, Chiara Mameli, Arianna Sangiorgio, Silvia Masnada, Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti, Pierangelo Veggiotti, Luigina Spaccini, Maria Iascone, Elvira Verduci, Cristina Cereda, Davide Tonduti, XALD-NBS Study Group, Gianluca Lista, Paola Fontana, Tiziana Varisco, Olivia Casati, Alberto Fabio Podestà, Maddalena Gibelli, Stefano Martinelli, Roberta Restelli, Laura Maria Pogliani, Roberta Agistri, Marco Giuseppe Nedbal, Paolo Vaglia, Chryssoula Tzialla, Luisa Magnani, Elena Sala, Laura Lorioli, Giuseppe Banderali, Diana Ghisleni, Bruno Drera, Marta Frittoli, Francesca Lizzoli, Marta Bellini, Paola Bruni, Ilaria Giulini, Valentina Benedetti, Valentina Polimeni, Nadia Salvoni, Masotina Raffaele, Cristina Bellan, Roberto Bottino, Graziano Barera, Antonella Poloniato, Marta Odoni, Ilaria Dalla Verde, Massimo Agosti, Angela Bossi, Anna Tosi, Anna Elisabetta Bussolini, Francesco Maria Risso, Vania Spinoni, Nicola Altamura, Patrizia Ballista, Silvia Di Chio, Luciana Pagani, Lidia Decembrino, Michela Grignani, Grazia Morandi, Valeria Angela Fasolato, Lorella Rossi, Emilio Palumbo, Alessandro Lepore, Maria Forestieri, Stefano Ghirardello, Elisa Civardi, Paolo Adamoli, Roberta Giacchero, Giovanni Traina, Patrizia Calzi, Fenesia Pedace, and Marco Sala

Subjects
X-ALD, X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD), Zellweger Spectrum Disorders, Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS), hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCST), newborn screening (NBS), Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Published
2024
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19. Correlation between biological and mechanical properties of extracellular matrix from colorectal peritoneal metastases in human tissues

Author

Ewelina Lorenc, Luca Varinelli, Matteo Chighizola, Silvia Brich, Federica Pisati, Marcello Guaglio, Dario Baratti, Marcello Deraco, Manuela Gariboldi, and Alessandro Podestà

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Peritoneal metastases (PM) are common routes of dissemination for colorectal cancer (CRC) and remain a lethal disease with a poor prognosis. The properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are important in cancer development; studying their changes is crucial to understand CRC-PM development. We studied the elastic properties of ECMs derived from human samples of normal and neoplastic PM by atomic force microscopy (AFM); results were correlated with patient clinical data and expression of ECM components related to metastatic spread. We show that PM progression is accompanied by stiffening of the ECM, increased cancer associated fibroblasts (CAF) activity and increased deposition and crosslinking in neoplastic matrices; on the other hand, softer regions are also found in neoplastic ECMs on the same scales. Our results support the hypothesis that local changes in the normal ECM can create the ground for growth and spread from the tumour of invading metastatic cells. We have found correlations between the mechanical properties (relative stiffening between normal and neoplastic ECM) of the ECM and patients’ clinical data, like age, sex, presence of protein activating mutations in BRAF and KRAS genes and tumour grade. Our findings suggest that the mechanical phenotyping of PM-ECM has the potential to predict tumour development.

Published
2023
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20. Spatial non-stationarity in the distribution of fish species richness of tropical streams

Author

Vieira, Thiago Bernardi, Sánchez-Botero, Jorge Iván, Garcez, Danielle Sequeira, Lima, Sergio Maia Queiroz, Pavanelli, Carla Simone, Casatti, Lilian, Smith, Welber Senteio, Benedito, Evanilde, Mazzoni, Rosana, Pompeu, Paulo Santos, Agostinho, Carlos Sérgio, de Assis Montag, Luciano Fogaça, Zuanon, Jansen, De Podestà Uchôa de Aquino, Pedro, Cetra, Mauricio, Pena, Simone Almeida, Alexandre, Rafaela Jemely Rodrigues, Oliveira, Andressa Sasha Quevedo Alves, Tejerina-Garro, Francisco Leonardo, Duboc, Luiz Fernando, Pérez-Mayorga, María Angélica, Brejão, Gabriel Lourenço, Mateussi, Nadayca Thayane Bonani, Leitão, Rafael Pereira, and De Marco Júnior, Paulo

Published
2023
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21. The Mutographs biorepository: A unique genomic resource to study cancer around the world

Author

Perdomo, Sandra, Abedi-Ardekani, Behnoush, de Carvalho, Ana Carolina, Ferreiro-Iglesias, Aida, Gaborieau, Valérie, Cattiaux, Thomas, Renard, Hélène, Chopard, Priscilia, Carreira, Christine, Spanu, Andreea, Nikmanesh, Arash, Cardoso Penha, Ricardo Cortez, Antwi, Samuel O., Ashton-Prolla, Patricia, Canova, Cristina, Chitapanarux, Taned, Cox, Riley, Curado, Maria Paula, de Oliveira, José Carlos, Dzamalala, Charles, Fabianova, Elenora, Ferri, Lorenzo, Fitzgerald, Rebecca, Foretova, Lenka, Gallinger, Steven, Goldstein, Alisa M., Holcatova, Ivana, Huertas, Antonio, Janout, Vladimir, Jarmalaite, Sonata, Kaneva, Radka, Kowalski, Luiz Paulo, Kulis, Tomislav, Lagiou, Pagona, Lissowska, Jolanta, Malekzadeh, Reza, Mates, Dana, McCorrmack, Valerie, Menya, Diana, Mhatre, Sharayu, Mmbaga, Blandina Theophil, de Moricz, André, Nyirády, Péter, Ognjanovic, Miodrag, Papadopoulou, Kyriaki, Polesel, Jerry, Purdue, Mark P., Rascu, Stefan, Rebolho Batista, Lidia Maria, Reis, Rui Manuel, Ribeiro Pinto, Luis Felipe, Rodríguez-Urrego, Paula A., Sangkhathat, Surasak, Sangrajrang, Suleeporn, Shibata, Tatsuhiro, Stakhovsky, Eduard, Świątkowska, Beata, Vaccaro, Carlos, Vasconcelos de Podesta, Jose Roberto, Vasudev, Naveen S., Vilensky, Marta, Yeung, Jonathan, Zaridze, David, Zendehdel, Kazem, Scelo, Ghislaine, Chanudet, Estelle, Wang, Jingwei, Fitzgerald, Stephen, Latimer, Calli, Moody, Sarah, Humphreys, Laura, Alexandrov, Ludmil B., Stratton, Michael R., and Brennan, Paul

Published
2024
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24. IL-21–producing effector Tfh cells promote B cell alloimmunity in lymph nodes and kidney allografts

Author

Hengcheng Zhang, Cecilia B. Cavazzoni, Manuel A. Podestà, Elsa D. Bechu, Garyfallia Ralli, Pragya Chandrakar, Jeong-Mi Lee, Ismail Sayin, Stefan G. Tullius, Reza Abdi, Anita S. Chong, Bruce R. Blazar, and Peter T. Sage

Subjects
Immunology, Transplantation, Medicine
Abstract

Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells have been implicated in controlling rejection after allogeneic kidney transplantation, but the precise subsets, origins, and functions of Tfh cells in this process have not been fully characterized. Here we show that a subset of effector Tfh cells marked by previous IL-21 production is potently induced during allogeneic kidney transplantation and is inhibited by immunosuppressive agents. Single-cell RNA-Seq revealed that these lymph node (LN) effector Tfh cells have transcriptional and clonal overlap with IL-21–producing kidney-infiltrating Tfh cells, implicating common origins and developmental trajectories. To investigate the precise functions of IL-21–producing effector Tfh cells in LNs and allografts, we used a mouse model to selectively eliminate these cells and assessed allogeneic B cell clonal dynamics using a single B cell culture system. We found that IL-21–producing effector Tfh cells were essential for transplant rejection by regulating donor-specific germinal center B cell clonal dynamics both systemically in the draining LN and locally within kidney grafts. Thus, IL-21–producing effector Tfh cells have multifaceted roles in Ab-mediated rejection after kidney transplantation by promoting B cell alloimmunity.

Published
2023
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29. Micro-mechanical fingerprints of the rat bladder change in actinic cystitis and tumor presence

Author

Laura Martinez-Vidal, M. Chighizola, M. Berardi, E. Alchera, I. Locatelli, F. Pederzoli, C. Venegoni, R. Lucianò, P. Milani, K. Bielawski, A. Salonia, A. Podestà, and M. Alfano

Subjects
Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

The micromechanical fingerprints of bladders in rats change following actinic cystitis or in the presence of bladder tumours.

Published
2023
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30. Beyond the exome: What’s next in diagnostic testing for Mendelian conditions

Author

Abouhala, Siwaar, Albert, Jessica, Almalvez, Miguel, Alvarez, Raquel, Amin, Mutaz, Anderson, Peter, Aradhya, Swaroop, Ashley, Euan, Assimes, Themistocles, Auriga, Light, Austin-Tse, Christina, Bamshad, Mike, Barseghyan, Hayk, Baxter, Samantha, Behera, Sairam, Beheshti, Shaghayegh, Bejerano, Gill, Berger, Seth, Bernstein, Jon, Best, Sabrina, Blankenmeister, Benjamin, Blue, Elizabeth, Boerwinkle, Eric, Bonkowski, Emily, Bonner, Devon, Boone, Philip, Bornhorst, Miriam, Bozkurt-Yozgatli, Tugce, Brand, Harrison, Buckingham, Kati, Calame, Daniel, Casadei, Silvia, Chadwick, Lisa, Chavez, Clarisa, Chen, Ziwei, Chinn, Ivan, Chong, Jessica, Coban-Akdemir, Zeynep, Cohen, Andrea J., Conner, Sarah, Conomos, Matthew, Coveler, Karen, Cui, Ya Allen, Currin, Sara, Daber, Robert, Dardas, Zain, Davis, Colleen, Dawood, Moez, de Dios, Ivan, de Esch, Celine, Delaney, Meghan, Délot, Emmanuèle, DiTroia, Stephanie, Doddapaneni, Harsha, Du, Haowei, Duan, Ruizhi, Dugan-Perez, Shannon, Duong, Nhat, Duyzend, Michael, Eichler, Evan, Emami, Sara, Fatih, Jawid, Fraser, Jamie, Fusaro, Vincent, Galey, Miranda, Ganesh, Vijay, Garimella, Kiran, Gibbs, Richard, Gifford, Casey, Ginsburg, Amy, Goddard, Pagé, Gogarten, Stephanie, Gogate, Nikhita, Gordon, William, Gorzynski, John E., Greenleaf, William, Grochowski, Christopher, Groopman, Emily, Guarischi Sousa, Rodrigo, Gudmundsson, Sanna, Gulati, Ashima, Guo, Daniel, Hale, Walker, Hall, Stacey, Harvey, William, Hawley, Megan, Heavner, Ben, Herman, Isabella, Horike-Pyne, Martha, Hu, Jianhong, Huang, Yongqing, Hwang, James, Jarvik, Gail, Jensen, Tanner, Jhangiani, Shalini, Jimenez-Morales, David, Jin, Christopher, Saad, Ahmed K., Kahn-Kirby, Amanda, Kain, Jessica, Kaur, Parneet, Keehan, Laura, Knoblach, Susan, Ko, Arthur, Kohler, Jennefer, Kundaje, Anshul, Kundu, Soumya, Lancaster, Samuel M., Larsson, Katie, Lemire, Gabrielle, Lewis, Richard, Li, Wei, Li, Yidan, Liu, Pengfei, LoTempio, Jonathan, Lupski, James, Ma, Jialan, MacArthur, Daniel, Mahmoud, Medhat, Malani, Nirav, Mangilog, Brian, Marafi, Dana, Marmolejos, Sofia, Marten, Daniel, Martinez, Eva, Marvin, Colby, Marwaha, Shruti, Kumara Mastrorosa, Francesco, Matalon, Dena, May, Susanne, McGee, Sean, Meador, Lauren, Mefford, Heather, Rodrigo Mendez, Hector, Miller, Alexander, Miller, Danny E., Mitani, Tadahiro, Montgomery, Stephen, Moussa, Hala Mohamed, Moyses, Mariana, Munderloh, Chloe, Muzny, Donna, Nelson, Sarah, Neu, Matthew B., Nguyen, Jonathan, Nguyen, Thuy-mi P., Nussbaum, Robert, Nykamp, Keith, O'Callaghan, William, O'Heir, Emily, O'Leary, Melanie, Olsen, Jeren, Osei-Owusu, Ikeoluwa, O'Donnell-Luria, Anne, Padhi, Evin, Pais, Lynn, Pan, Miao, Panchal, Piyush, Patterson, Karynne, Payne, Sheryl, Pehlivan, Davut, Petrowski, Paul, Pham, Alicia, Pitsava, Georgia, Podesta, Astaria, Ponce, Sarah, Posey, Jennifer, Prosser, Jaime, Quertermous, Thomas, Rai, Archana, Ramani, Arun, Rehm, Heidi, Reuter, Chloe, Reuter, Jason, Richardson, Matthew, Rivera-Munoz, Andres, Rubio, Oriane, Sabo, Aniko, Salani, Monica, Samocha, Kaitlin, Sanchis-Juan, Alba, Savage, Sarah, Scott, Stuart, Scott, Evette, Sedlazeck, Fritz, Shah, Gulalai, Shojaie, Ali, Singh, Mugdha, Smith, Josh, Smith, Kevin, Snow, Hana, Snyder, Michael, Socarras, Kayla, Starita, Lea, Stark, Brigitte, Stenton, Sarah, Stergachis, Andrew, Stilp, Adrienne, Sundaram, Laksshman, Sutton, V. Reid, Tai, Jui-Cheng, Talkowski, Michael, Tise, Christina, Tong, Catherine, Tsao, Philip, Ungar, Rachel, VanNoy, Grace, Vilain, Eric, Voutos, Isabella, Walker, Kim, Weisburd, Ben, Weiss, Jeff, Wellington, Chris, Weng, Ziming, Westheimer, Emily, Wheeler, Marsha, Wheeler, Matthew, Wiel, Laurens, Wilson, Michael, Wojcik, Monica, Wong, Quenna, Wong, Issac, Xiao, Changrui, Yadav, Rachita, Yi, Qian, Yuan, Bo, Zhao, Jianhua, Zhen, Jimmy, Zhou, Harry, Wojcik, Monica H., Reuter, Chloe M., Duyzend, Michael H., Boone, Philip M., Groopman, Emily E., Délot, Emmanuèle C., Jain, Deepti, Starita, Lea M., Montgomery, Stephen B., Bamshad, Michael J., Chong, Jessica X., Wheeler, Matthew T., Berger, Seth I., and Sedlazeck, Fritz J.

Published
2023
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32. NSTX-U research advancing the physics of spherical tokamaks

Author

J.W. Berkery, P.O. Adebayo-Ige, H. Al Khawaldeh, G. Avdeeva, S-G. Baek, S. Banerjee, K. Barada, D.J. Battaglia, R.E. Bell, E. Belli, E.V. Belova, N. Bertelli, N. Bisai, P.T. Bonoli, M.D. Boyer, J. Butt, J. Candy, C.S. Chang, C.F. Clauser, L.D. Corona Rivera, M. Curie, P.C. de Vries, R. Diab, A. Diallo, J. Dominski, V.N. Duarte, E.D. Emdee, N.M. Ferraro, R. Fitzpatrick, E.L. Foley, E. Fredrickson, M.E. Galante, K.F. Gan, S. Gerhardt, R. Goldston, W. Guttenfelder, R. Hager, M.O. Hanson, S.C. Jardin, T.G. Jenkins, S.M. Kaye, A. Khodak, J. Kinsey, A. Kleiner, E. Kolemen, S. Ku, M. Lampert, B. Leard, B.P. LeBlanc, J.B. Lestz, F.M. Levinton, C. Liu, T. Looby, R. Lunsford, T. Macwan, R. Maingi, J. McClenaghan, J.E. Menard, S. Munaretto, M. Ono, A. Pajares, J. Parisi, J-K. Park, M.S. Parsons, B.S. Patel, Y.V. Petrov, M. Podestà, F. Poli, M. Porcelli, T. Rafiq, S.A. Sabbagh, Á. Sánchez Villar, E. Schuster, J. Schwartz, A. Sharma, S. Shiraiwa, P. Sinha, D. Smith, S. Smith, V.A. Soukhanovskii, G. Staebler, E. Startsev, B. Stratton, K.E. Thome, W. Tierens, M. Tobin, I.U. Uzun-Kaymak, B. Van Compernolle, J. Wai, W. Wang, W. Wehner, A. Welander, J. Yang, V. Zamkovska, X. Zhang, X.L. Zhu, and S. Zweben

Subjects
spherical tokamak, magnetic confinement fusion, NSTX, NSTX-U, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

The objectives of NSTX-U research are to reinforce the advantages of STs while addressing the challenges. To extend confinement physics of low- A , high beta plasmas to lower collisionality levels, understanding of the transport mechanisms that set confinement performance and pedestal profiles is being advanced through gyrokinetic simulations, reduced model development, and comparison to NSTX experiment, as well as improved simulation of RF heating. To develop stable non-inductive scenarios needed for steady-state operation, various performance-limiting modes of instability were studied, including MHD, tearing modes, and energetic particle instabilities. Predictive tools were developed, covering disruptions, runaway electrons, equilibrium reconstruction, and control tools. To develop power and particle handling techniques to optimize plasma exhaust in high performance scenarios, innovative lithium-based solutions are being developed to handle the very high heat flux levels that the increased heating power and compact geometry of NSTX-U will produce, and will be seen in future STs. Predictive capabilities accounting for plasma phenomena, like edge harmonic oscillations, ELMs, and blobs, are being tested and improved. In these ways, NSTX-U researchers are advancing the physics understanding of ST plasmas to maximize the benefit that will be gained from further NSTX-U experiments and to increase confidence in projections to future devices.

Published
2024
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33. Observation of alpha-particles in recent D–T experiments on JET

Author

V.G. Kiptily, C.D. Challis, R. Dumont, M. Fitzgerald, J. Garcia, L. Garzotti, Z. Ghani, J. Hobirk, P. Jacquet, A. Kappatou, D. Keeling, Ye. Kazakov, P. Mantica, M.J. Mantsinen, S.E. Sharapov, E.R. Solano, D. Van Eester, P.J. Bonofiglo, T. Craciunescu, A. Dal Molin, J. Eriksson, V. Goloborodko, M.V. Iliasova, E.M. Khilkevitch, D. King, I. Lengar, M. Nocente, S. Menmuir, M. Podestà, M. Poradzinski, D. Rigamonti, J. Rivero-Rodriguez, Z. Stancar, A.E. Shevelev, P. Siren, H. Sun, D.M. Taylor, M. Tardocchi, P. Beaumont, F. Belli, F.E. Cecil, R. Coelho, M. Curuia, M. Garcia-Munoz, E. Joffrin, C. Lowry, M. Lennholm, E. Lerche, C.F. Maggi, J. Mailloux, D. Marocco, M. Maslov, C. Perez Von Thun, F. Rimini, V. Zoita, and JET Contributors

Subjects
JET, DT-plasmas, fusion, alpha-particles, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

The fusion reaction between deuterium and tritium, D ( T,n ) ^4 He is the main source of energy in future thermonuclear reactors. Alpha-particles ( ^4 He -ions) born with an average energy of 3.5 MeV transferring energy to the thermal plasma during their slowing down, should provide the self-sustained D–T plasma burn. The adequate confinement of α -particles is essential to provide efficient heating of the bulk plasma and steady burning of a reactor plasma. That is why the fusion-born α -particle studies have been a priority task in the second D–T experiments (DTE2) on the Joint European Torus (JET) to understand the main mechanisms of their slowing down, redistribution and losses and to develop optimal plasma scenarios. JET with Be -wall and W -divertor, enhanced auxiliary heating systems and improved energetic-particle diagnostic capabilities, producing significant population of α -particles, provided the possibility for comprehensive studying of the α -particle behaviour. Selected results of the confined and lost α -particle measurements, evidence of α -particle self-heating and assessments of the fusion performance are presented in this paper giving an opportunity for further modelling and extrapolation to the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor and burning plasma reactors.

Published
2024
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34. Alpha particle loss measurements and analysis in JET DT plasmas

Author

P.J. Bonofiglo, V.G. Kiptily, J. Rivero-Rodriguez, M. Nocente, M. Podestà, Ž. Štancar, M. Poradzinski, V. Goloborodko, S.E. Sharapov, M. Fitzgerald, R. Dumont, J. Garcia, D. Keeling, D. Frigione, L. Garzotti, F.G. Rimini, D. Van Eester, E. Lerche, M. Maslov, and JET Contributors

Subjects
alpha particles, alpha physics, DT plasmas, fast ion losses, MHD, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Burning reactor plasmas will be self-heated by fusion born alpha particles from deuterium-tritium reactions. Consequently, a thorough understanding of the confinement and transport of DT-born alpha particles is necessary to maintain the plasma self-heating. Measurements of fast ion losses provide a direct means to monitor alpha particle confinement. JET’s 2021–2022 second experimental DT-campaign offers burning plasma scenarios with advanced fast ion loss diagnostics for the first time in nearly 25 years. Coherent and non-coherent alpha losses were observed due to a variety of low frequency MHD activity. This manuscript will present the loss mechanisms, spatial and pitch dependencies, scalings with plasma parameters, correlations with wall impurities, and magnitude of DT-alpha born losses.

Published
2024
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35. Endogenous erythropoietin has immunoregulatory functions that limit the expression of autoimmune kidney disease in mice

Author

Sofia Bin, Chiara Cantarelli, Julian K. Horwitz, Micaela Gentile, Manuel Alfredo Podestà, Gaetano La Manna, Peter S. Heeger, and Paolo Cravedi

Subjects
germinal center B cell, TFH, TfR, systemic lupus erythematosus, erythropoietin, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

BackgroundAdministration of recombinant erythropoietin (EPO), a kidney-produced hormone with erythropoietic functions, has been shown to have multiple immunoregulatory effects in mice and humans, but whether physiological levels of EPO regulate immune function in vivo has not been previously evaluated.MethodsWe generated mice in which we could downregulate EPO production using a doxycycline (DOX)-inducible, EPO-specific silencing RNA (shEPOrtTAPOS), and we crossed them with B6.MRL-Faslpr/J mice that develop spontaneous lupus. We treated these B6.MRL/lpr shEPOrtTAPOS with DOX and serially measured anti-dsDNA antibodies, analyzed immune subsets by flow cytometry, and evaluated clinical signs of disease activity over 6 months of age in B6.MRL/lpr shEPOrtTAPOS and in congenic shEPOrtTANEG controls.ResultsIn B6.MRL/lpr mice, Epo downregulation augmented anti-dsDNA autoantibody levels and increased disease severity and percentages of germinal center B cells compared with controls. It also increased intracellular levels of IL-6 and MCP-1 in macrophages.DiscussionOur data in a murine model of lupus document that endogenous EPO reduces T- and B-cell activation and autoantibody production, supporting the conclusion that EPO physiologically acts as a counterregulatory mechanism to control immune homeostasis.

Published
2023
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36. Nothing is as it seems: genetic analyses on stranded fin whales unveil the presence of a fin-blue whale hybrid in the Mediterranean Sea (Balaenopteridae)

Author

T. Fioravanti, N. Maio, L. Latini, A. Splendiani, F. M. Guarino, M. Mezzasalma, A. Petraccioli, B. Cozzi, S. Mazzariol, C. Centelleghe, G. Sciancalepore, G. Pietroluongo, M. Podestà, and V. Caputo Barucchi

Subjects
Fin whale, Balaenopteridae, genetics, hybrid, Tyrrhenian Sea, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

The fin whale Balaenoptera physalus is a large rorqual species occurring worldwide, mainly in temperate and subpolar zones. In contrast to many baleen whales, not all the fin whale populations show the same model of migration. In fact, migratory behaviours of this latter species range from long seasonal migration between high and low latitudes to a complete non-migratory behaviour. A resident fin whale population was described in the Mediterranean Sea, which is also frequented by North Atlantic individuals entering through the Strait of Gibraltar in winter to feed. Between 2020 and 2021 three individuals initially identified as fin whales died along the Tyrrhenian coasts (Mediterranean Sea, Italy). Their mitochondrial DNA control region (mtDNA CR) was analysed and compared to fin whale haplotypes previously described in North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea to identify their geographical origin. Our results show that two individuals most likely belong to the Mediterranean fin whale population, while an individual was recognised as a putative fin-blue whale hybrid (Balaenoptera physalus x Balaenoptera musculus) with a North Atlantic origin. The discovery of the first fin-blue whale hybrid in the Mediterranean Sea was confirmed by the analysis of a biparentally inherited marker, the α-lactalbumin (α-lac) nuclear gene, demonstrating that the morphological analysis alone does not allow to correctly identify hybrids, especially if intermediate characters of both parental species are not clearly distinguishable.

Published
2022
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38. WAO consensus on DEfinition of Food Allergy SEverity (DEFASE)

Author

Arasi, Stefania, Nurmatov, Ulugbek, Dunn-Galvin, Audrey, Roberts, Graham, Turner, Paul J., Shinder, Sayantani B., Gupta, Ruchi, Eigenmann, Philippe, Nowak-Wegrzyn, Anna, Ansotegui, Ignacio J., Rivas, Montserrat Fernandez, Petrou, Stavros, Tanno, Luciana K., Vazquez-Ortiz, Marta, Vickery, Brian, Wong, Gary, Alvaro-Lozano, Montserrat, Asaria, Miqdad, Begin, Philippe, Bozzola, Martin, Boyle, Robert, Brough, Helen, Cardona, Victoria, Chinthrajah, R. Sharon, Cianferoni, Antonella, Deschildre, Antoine, Fleischer, David, Gazzani, Flavio, Gerdts, Jennifer, Giannetti, Marilena, Greenhawt, Matthew, Guzmán, Maria Antonieta, Hossny, Elham, Kauppi, Paula, Jones, Carla, Lucidi, Francesco, Monge Ortega, Olga Patricia, Munblit, Daniel, Muraro, Antonella, Pajno, Giovanni, Podestà, Marcia, Rodriguez del Rio, Pablo, Said, Maria, Santos, Alexandra, Shaker, Marcus, Szajewska, Hania, Venter, Carina, Warren, Cristopher, Winders, Tonya, Ebisawa, Motohiro, and Fiocchi, Alessandro

Published
2023
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39. AFP score and metroticket 2.0 perform similarly and could be used in a “within-ALL” clinical decision tool

Author

Conti, Filomena, Scatton, Olivier, Bernard, Pierre Henri, Francoz, Claire, Durand, Francois, Dharancy, Sébastien, Woehl, Marie-lorraine, Laurent, Alexis, Radenne, Sylvie, Dumortier, Jérôme, Abergel, Armand, Barbier, Louise, Houssel-Debry, Pauline, Pageaux, Georges Philippe, Chiche, Laurence, Deledinghen, Victor, Hardwigsen, Jean, Gugenheim, J., altieri, M., Hilleret, Marie Noelle, Decaens, Thomas, Costa, Paulo, de Ataide, Elaine Cristina, Quiñones, Emilio, Anders, Margarita, Varón, Adriana, Zerega, Alina, Soza, Alejandro, Machaca, Martín Padilla, Arufe, Diego, Menéndez, Josemaría, Zapata, Rodrigo, Vilatoba, Mario, Muñoz, Linda, Menéndez, Ricardo Chong, Maraschio, Martín, Podestá, Luis G., McCormack, Lucas, Mattera, Juan, Gadano, Adrian, Parente García, Jose Huygens, Magini, Giulia, Miglioresi, Lucia, Gambato, Martina, D’Ambrosio, Cecilia, Vitale, Alessandro, Colledan, Michele, Pinelli, Domenico, Magistri, Paolo, Vennarecci, Giovanni, Colasanti, Marco, Giannelli, Valerio, Pellicelli, Adriano, Eduard, Callebout, Samuele, Iesari, Jeroen, Dekervel, Jonas, Schreiber, Jacques, Pirenne, Chris, Verslype, Dirk, Ysebaert, Peter, Michielsen, Valerio, Lucidi, Christophe, Moreno, Olivier, Detry, Jean, Delwaide, Roberto, Troisi, Paul, Lerut Jan, Piñero, Federico, Costentin, Charlotte, Degroote, Helena, Notarpaolo, Andrea, Boin, Ilka FSF., Boudjema, Karim, Baccaro, Cinzia, Chagas, Aline, Bachellier, Philippe, Ettorre, Giuseppe Maria, Poniachik, Jaime, Muscari, Fabrice, Dibenedetto, Fabrizio, Duque, Sergio Hoyos, Salame, Ephrem, Cillo, Umberto, Marciano, Sebastián, Vanlemmens, Claire, Fagiuoli, Stefano, Carrilho, Flair, Cherqui, Daniel, Burra, Patrizia, Van Vlierberghe, Hans, Lai, Quirino, Silva, Marcelo, Rubinstein, Fernando, and Duvoux, Christophe

Published
2023
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42. The glycocalyx affects the mechanotransductive perception of the topographical microenvironment

Author

Matteo Chighizola, Tania Dini, Stefania Marcotti, Mirko D’Urso, Claudio Piazzoni, Francesca Borghi, Anita Previdi, Laura Ceriani, Claudia Folliero, Brian Stramer, Cristina Lenardi, Paolo Milani, Alessandro Podestà, and Carsten Schulte

Subjects
Mechanotransduction, Glycocalyx, Integrin adhesion complexes, Molecular clutch, Force loading, Focal adhesion, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Medical technology, R855-855.5
Abstract

Abstract The cell/microenvironment interface is the starting point of integrin-mediated mechanotransduction, but many details of mechanotransductive signal integration remain elusive due to the complexity of the involved (extra)cellular structures, such as the glycocalyx. We used nano-bio-interfaces reproducing the complex nanotopographical features of the extracellular matrix to analyse the glycocalyx impact on PC12 cell mechanosensing at the nanoscale (e.g., by force spectroscopy with functionalised probes). Our data demonstrates that the glycocalyx configuration affects spatio-temporal nanotopography-sensitive mechanotransductive events at the cell/microenvironment interface. Opposing effects of major glycocalyx removal were observed, when comparing flat and specific nanotopographical conditions. The excessive retrograde actin flow speed and force loading are strongly reduced on certain nanotopographies upon strong reduction of the native glycocalyx, while on the flat substrate we observe the opposite trend. Our results highlight the importance of the glycocalyx configuration in a molecular clutch force loading-dependent cellular mechanism for mechanosensing of microenvironmental nanotopographical features. Graphical Abstract

Published
2022
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43. A Non-Invasive Technique for Long-Term Monitoring of Gastroesophageal Reflux—A Pilot Study

Author

Marco Laracca, Gianfranco Miele, Luca Podestà, and Silvia Sangiovanni

Subjects
gastroesophageal reflux, bio-impedance measurement, biomedical measurement, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract

Many people suffer from gastric or gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD) due to a malfunction of the cardia, the valve between the esophagus and the stomach. GERD is a syndrome caused by the ascent of gastric juices and bile from the stomach. This article proposes a non-invasive impedance measurement method and demonstrates the correlation between GERD and impedance variation between appropriately chosen points on the patient’s chest. This method is presented as an alternative to the most widely accepted diagnostic techniques for reflux, such as pH-metry, pH-impedance measurement, and esophageal manometry, which are invasive because they use a probe that is inserted through a nostril and reaches down to the esophagus.

Published
2023
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46. Managing food allergy: GA2LEN guideline 2022

Author

Bansal, Priya, Berni–Canani, Roberto, Blumchen, Katharina, Bonertz, Andreas, Bourgoin-Heck, Melisande, Ceylon, Ozlem, Divaret-Chauveau, Amandine, Fleischer, David, Gomez, Maximiliano, Groetch, Marion, Hernandez, Domingo Barber, Hjorth, Betina, Hussey, Lydia Collins, Knulst, André C., Leung, Agnes, Mack, Douglas, Mahler, Vera, Mori, Francesca, Namazova-Baranova, Leyla, Palosuo, Kati, Parisi, Claudio Alberto Salvador, Pastorino, Antonio Carlos, Rudzeviciene, Odilija, Said, Maria, Sawiec, Piotr, Sicherer, Scott, Sato, Sakura, Zubchenko, Svitlana, Muraro, Antonella, de Silva, Debra, Halken, Susanne, Worm, Margitta, Khaleva, Ekaterina, Arasi, Stefania, Dunn-Galvin, Audrey, Nwaru, Bright I., De Jong, Nicolette W., Rodríguez Del Río, Pablo, Turner, Paul J., Smith, Pete, Begin, Philippe, Angier, Elizabeth, Arshad, Hasan, Ballmer-Weber, Barbara, Beyer, Kirsten, Bindslev-Jensen, Carsten, Cianferoni, Antonella, Demoulin, Céline, Deschildre, Antoine, Ebisawa, Motohiro, Fernandez-Rivas, Maria Montserrat, Fiocchi, Alessandro, Flokstra-de Blok, Bertine, Gerdts, Jennifer, Gradman, Josefine, Grimshaw, Kate, Jones, Carla, Lau, Susanne, Loh, Richard, Alvaro Lozano, Montserrat, Makela, Mika, Marchisotto, Mary Jane, Meyer, Rosan, Mills, Clare, Nilsson, Caroline, Nowak-Wegrzyn, Anna, Nurmatov, Ulugbek, Pajno, Giovanni, Podestà, Marcia, Poulsen, Lars K., Sampson, Hugh A., Sanchez, Angel, Schnadt, Sabine, Szajewska, Hania, Van Ree, Ronald, Venter, Carina, Vlieg-Boerstra, Berber, Warner, Amena, Wong, Gary, Wood, Robert, Zuberbier, Torsten, and Roberts, Graham

Published
2022
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49. WAO consensus on DEfinition of Food Allergy SEverity (DEFASE)

Author

Stefania Arasi, MD, PhD, MSc, Ulugbek Nurmatov, MD, Audrey Dunn-Galvin, PhD, Graham Roberts, DM, Paul J. Turner, FRCPCH, PhD, Sayantani B. Shinder, MD, PhD, Ruchi Gupta, MD, MPh, Philippe Eigenmann, MD, Anna Nowak-Wegrzyn, MD, PhD, Ignacio J. Ansotegui, MD, PhD, Montserrat Fernandez Rivas, MD, Stavros Petrou, PhD, Luciana K. Tanno, MD, PhD, Marta Vazquez-Ortiz, MD, PhD, Brian Vickery, MD, PhD, Gary Wong, MD, FRCPC, Montserrat Alvaro-Lozano, MD, PhD, Miqdad Asaria, PhD, Philippe Begin, MD, MSc, Martin Bozzola, MD, Robert Boyle, MD, Helen Brough, MD, PhD, Victoria Cardona, MD, PhD, R. Sharon Chinthrajah, MD, PhD, Antonella Cianferoni, MD, Antoine Deschildre, MD, David Fleischer, MD, Flavio Gazzani, PhD, Jennifer Gerdts, Marilena Giannetti, PhD, Matthew Greenhawt, MD, MBA, MSc, Maria Antonieta Guzmán, MD, Elham Hossny, MD, PhD, FAAAAI, Paula Kauppi, MD, Carla Jones, Francesco Lucidi, PhD, Olga Patricia Monge Ortega, MD, PhD, Daniel Munblit, MD, PhD, Antonella Muraro, MD, Giovanni Pajno, MD, Marcia Podestà, Pablo Rodriguez del Rio, MD, PhD, Maria Said, Alexandra Santos, MD, MSc, MRCPCH, PGCAP, FHEA, PhD, Marcus Shaker, MD, Hania Szajewska, MD, PhD, Carina Venter, PhD, Cristopher Warren, PhD, Tonya Winders, Motohiro Ebisawa, MD, PhD, and Alessandro Fiocchi, MD

Subjects
Consensus, Definition, Food allergy, Severity, e-Delphi study, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Background: While several scoring systems for the severity of anaphylactic reactions have been developed, there is a lack of consensus on definition and categorisation of severity of food allergy disease as a whole. Aim: To develop an international consensus on the severity of food allergy (DEfinition of Food Allergy Severity, DEFASE) scoring system, to be used globally. Methods: Phase 1: We conducted a mixed-method systematic review (SR) of 11 databases for published and unpublished literature on severity of food allergy management and set up a panel of international experts. Phase 2: Based on our findings in Phase 1, we drafted statements for a two-round modified electronic Delphi (e-Delphi) survey. A purposefully selected multidisciplinary international expert panel on food allergy (n = 60) was identified and sent a structured questionnaire, including a set of statements on different domains of food allergy severity related to symptoms, health-related quality of life, and economic impact. Participants were asked to score their agreement on each statement on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from “strongly agree” to “strongly disagree”. Median scores and percentage agreements were calculated. Consensus was defined a priori as being achieved if 70% or more of panel members rated a statement as “strongly agree” to “agree” after the second round. Based on feedback, 2 additional online voting rounds were conducted. Results: We received responses from 92% of Delphi panel members in round 1 and 85% in round 2. Consensus was achieved on the overall score and in all of the 5 specific key domains as essential components of the DEFASE score. Conclusions: The DEFASE score is the first comprehensive grading of food allergy severity that considers not only the severity of a single reaction, but the whole disease spectrum. An international consensus has been achieved regarding a scoring system for food allergy disease. It offers an evaluation grid, which may help to rate the severity of food allergy. Phase 3 will involve validating the scoring system in research settings, and implementing it in clinical practice.

Published
2023
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50. Reduced physics model of the tokamak Scrape-Off-Layer for pulse design

Author

X. Zhang, F.M. Poli, E.D. Emdee, and M. Podestà

Subjects
Scrape Off Layer, Reduced modeling, Time dependent simulations, TRANSP, Nuclear engineering. Atomic power, TK9001-9401
Abstract

The dynamic interplay between the core and the edge plasma has important consequences in the confinement and heating of fusion plasma. The transport of the Scrape-Off-Layer (SOL) plasma imposes boundary conditions on the core plasma, and neutral transport through the SOL influences the core plasma sourcing. In order to better study these effects in a self-consistent, time-dependent fashion with reasonable turn-around time, a reduced model is needed. In this paper we introduce the SOL Box Model, a reduced SOL model that calculates the plasma temperature and density in the SOL given the core-to-edge particle and power fluxes and recycling coefficients. The analytic nature of the Box Model allows one to readily incorporate SOL physics in time-dependent transport solvers for pulse design applications in the control room. Here we demonstrate such a coupling with the core transport solver TRANSP and compare the results with density and temperature measurements, obtained through Thomson scattering and Langmuir probes, of an NSTX discharge. Implications for future interpretive and predictive simulations are discussed.

Published
2023
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