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Objectives: Ultrasound guided prostatic biopsy is still the reference method for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Nevertheless, multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has become the best imaging method to identify clinically significant tumors. Form this new situation derives the search of the best method to enable the biopsy of the lesions identified by mpMRI and are not visible on ultrasound. The objective of this work is to review the current role of MRI and the various modalities of MRI based biopsies., Methods: Non-structured literature review about the current status of prostatic mpMRI and the various methods of biopsy of the lesions identified with it: in bore, cognitive and different commercial fusion software biopsy methods available for directed biopsies., Results: Although results in the literature are very heterogeneous, all three bore biopsy, cognitive biopsy in experienced hands and the various fusion/biopsy software platforms enable a precise biopsy of mpMRI/identified lesions, increasing the yield of each sample obtained. Fusion systems do not imply a clear advantage in global detection over systematic biopsy, except in the subgroup of patients with previous negative biopsy. Nevertheless, they do demonstrate a higher detection rate for clinically significant tumors that increases in patients with a first negative biopsy. Its role in the new therapeutic approaches for prostate cancer is yet to be defined, but it will be growing and essential in a near future., Conclusions: Multiparametric MRI is already an essential test in diagnostic algorithms for prostate cancer and the systems that enable to biopsy the lesion identified are day by day a more integrated tool in the urological daily practice, and urological procedures that will enable a more precise diagnosis leading to a personalized treatment for each patient.

Objectives: The aim of the study is to analyze the utility of ultrasound in the evaluation and treatment selection of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)., Methods: A total of 5000 patients older than 50 years and with prostatic symptoms were evaluated with abdominal ultrasound and in selected cases with transrectal ultrasound., Results: The first ultrasonographic sign of BPH is the increase of anteroposterior and longitudinal diameters. Prostatic volume is measured with a safety of 80%, post-void volume and indirect signs of bladder obstruction are also determined by ultrasound. Upper urinary tract pathological conditions can be also detected., Conclusions: Ultrasound associated with PSA and urinary flow are adequate to evaluate and select treatment in patients with BPH.

Objectives: To report the 7th case of pararenal angiomyolipoma published in the world literature and to review the international bibliography., Methods: We report the case of a 46-year-old female with history of renal colic and a complex mass on radiological tests., Results/conclusions: Extrarenal retroperitoneal angiomyolipoma is a rare pathology with no more than 7 published cases. The diagnostic difficulty and radiological similarities with liposarcoma make surgery the treatment of choice.

Objectives: To report one case of lithiasis transference from the donor associated with renal transplant., Methods: 53-year-old female with obstructive uropathy within the first post transplant month., Results/conclusions: Lithiasis transference after transplant is a cause of early obstructive uropathy after kidney transplantation. The low the incidence of lithiasis transference does not justify the performance of x-ray and/or ultrasound of the donor organ in terms of cost effectiveness. Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy is a valid therapeutic option on transplanted kidneys.

Objectives: To report one clinical case of obstructive uropathy secondary to bladder pseudotumor., Methods: We report the case of a 74-year-old male with obstructive acute renal failure of unknown etiology., Results: After resolution of the acute renal failure by percutaneous nephrostomy, action was undertaken to control possible etiologic causes, resolving the bilateral ureter entrapment and bladder inflammatory process., Conclusions: Glandular cystitis is a nosological entity which in its severe forms behaves clinically and radiologically as a bladder pseudotumor, so that should be considered as a part of the differential diagnosis with bladder tumors. Final diagnosis comes from pathology. For treatment, it is basic to eliminate any predisposing factor, either infectious, or irritative, or obstructive; if no action is carried out on these factors other therapeutic measures as the aforementioned are not effective. Strict follow-up should be undertaken (every six months) because of the high incidence of bladder adenocarcinoma.