259 results on '"Sadro, Steven"'
Search Results
2. Oxygen depletion and sediment respiration in ice‐covered arctic lakes
- Author
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Schwefel, Robert, MacIntyre, Sally, Cortés, Alicia, and Sadro, Steven
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Earth Sciences ,Environmental Sciences ,Biological Sciences ,Marine Biology & Hydrobiology - Abstract
Processes regulating the rate of oxygen depletion determine whether hypoxia occurs and the extent to which greenhouse gases accumulate in seasonally ice-covered lakes. Here, we investigate the oxygen budget of four arctic lakes using high-frequency data during two winters in three shallow lakes (9–13 m maximal depth) and four winters in 24 m deep main basin of Toolik Lake. Incubation experiments measured sediment metabolism. Volume-averaged oxygen depletion measured in situ was independent of water temperature and duration of the ice-covered period. Average rates were between 0.2 and 0.39 g O2 m−2 d−1 in the shallow lakes and between 0.03 and 0.14 g O2 m−2 d−1 in Toolik Lake, with higher rates in smaller lakes with their larger sediment area to volume ratio. Rates decreased to ~ 20%–50% of initial values in late winter in the shallow lakes but less or not at all in Toolik. The lack of a decline in Toolik Lake points to continued oxygen transport to the sediment–water interface where oxygen consumption occurs. In all lakes, lower in situ oxygen depletion than in incubation measurements points toward increasing anoxia in the lower water column depressing loss rates. In Toolik, oxygen loss during early winter was less in years with minimal snow cover. Penetrative convection occurred, which could mix downwards oxygen produced by photosynthesis or excluded during ice formation. Estimates of these terms exceeded photosynthesis measured in sediment incubations. Modeling under ice-oxygen dynamics requires consideration of optical properties and biological and transport processes that modify oxygen concentrations and distributions.
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- 2023
3. Hydrodynamics structure plankton communities and interactions in a freshwater tidal estuary
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Smits, Adrianne P, Loken, Luke C, Van Nieuwenhuyse, Erwin E, Young, Matthew J, Stumpner, Paul R, Lenoch, Leah EK, Burau, Jon R, Dahlgren, Randy A, Brown, Tiffany, and Sadro, Steven
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estuary ,food web ,hydrodynamics ,phytoplankton ,San Francisco estuary ,time series ,trophic interactions ,zooplankton ,Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience ,Ecological Applications ,Ecology - Abstract
Drivers of phytoplankton and zooplankton dynamics vary spatially and temporally in estuaries due to variation in hydrodynamic exchange and residence time, complicating efforts to understand controls on food web productivity. We conducted approximately monthly (2012–2019; n = 74) longitudinal sampling at 10 fixed stations along a freshwater tidal terminal channel in the San Francisco Estuary, California, characterized by seaward to landward gradients in water residence time, turbidity, nutrient concentrations, and plankton community composition. We used multivariate autoregressive state space (MARSS) models to quantify environmental (abiotic) and biotic controls on phytoplankton and mesozooplankton biomass. The importance of specific abiotic drivers (e.g., water temperature, turbidity, nutrients) and trophic interactions differed significantly among hydrodynamic exchange zones with different mean residence times. Abiotic drivers explained more variation in phytoplankton and zooplankton dynamics than a model including only trophic interactions, but individual phytoplankton–zooplankton interactions explained more variation than individual abiotic drivers. Interactions between zooplankton and phytoplankton were strongest in landward reaches with the longest residence times and the highest zooplankton biomass. Interactions between cryptophytes and both copepods and cladocerans were stronger than interactions between bacillariophytes (diatoms) and zooplankton taxa, despite contributing less biovolume in all but the most landward reaches. Our results demonstrate that trophic interactions and their relative strengths vary in a hydrodynamic context, contributing to food web heterogeneity within estuaries at spatial scales smaller than the freshwater to marine transition.
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- 2023
4. Internal phosphorus loading alters nutrient limitation and contributes to cyanobacterial blooms in a polymictic lake
- Author
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Swann, Micah M., Cortes, Alicia, Forrest, Alexander L., Framsted, Nick, Sadro, Steven, Schladow, S. Geoffrey, and De Palma-Dow, Angela
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- 2024
- Full Text
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5. Whole-Ecosystem Experiment Illustrates Short Timescale Hydrodynamic, Light, and Nutrient Control of Primary Production in a Terminal Slough
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Loken, Luke C, Sadro, Steven, Lenoch, Leah EK, Stumpner, Paul R, Dahlgren, Randy A, Burau, Jon R, and Van Nieuwenhuyse, Erwin E
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Estuary ,Nutrients ,Light ,Metabolism ,Hydrodynamics ,Phytoplankton ,Ecosystem management ,Earth Sciences ,Environmental Sciences ,Biological Sciences ,Marine Biology & Hydrobiology - Abstract
Estuaries are among the most productive of aquatic ecosystems. Yet the collective understanding of patterns and drivers of primary production in estuaries is incomplete, in part due to complex hydrodynamics and multiple controlling factors that vary at a range of temporal and spatial scales. A whole-ecosystem experiment was conducted in a deep, pelagically dominated terminal channel of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (California, USA) that seasonally appears to become nitrogen limited, to test whether adding calcium nitrate would stimulate primary productivity or increase phytoplankton density. Production did not respond consistently to fertilization, in part because nitrate and phytoplankton were dispersed away from the manipulated area within 1–3 days. Temporal and spatial patterns of gross primary production were more strongly related to stratification and light availability (i.e., turbidity) than nitrogen, highlighting the role of hydrodynamics in regulating system production. Similarly, chlorophyll was positively related not only to stratification but also to nitrogen—with a positive interaction—suggesting stratification may trigger nutrient limitation. The average rate of primary production (4.3 g O2 m−2 d−1), metabolic N demand (0.023 mg N L−1 d−1), and ambient dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentration (0.03 mg N L−1) indicate that nitrogen can become limiting in time and space, especially during episodic stratification events when phytoplankton are isolated within the photic zone, or farther upstream where water clarity increases, dispersive flux decreases, and stratification is stronger and more frequent. The role of hydrodynamics in organizing habitat connectivity and regulating physical and chemical processes at multiple temporal and spatial scales is critical for determining resource availability and evaluating biogeochemical processes in estuaries.
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- 2022
6. A baseline assessment of contamination in the Sacramento deep water ship channel
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La, Cristina G.B., Huff Hartz, Kara E., Arkles, Mia, Grim, Melissa E., Acuña, Shawn, Sadro, Steven, and Lydy, Michael J.
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- 2024
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7. A functional definition to distinguish ponds from lakes and wetlands
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Richardson, David C, Holgerson, Meredith A, Farragher, Matthew J, Hoffman, Kathryn K, King, Katelyn BS, Alfonso, María B, Andersen, Mikkel R, Cheruveil, Kendra Spence, Coleman, Kristen A, Farruggia, Mary Jade, Fernandez, Rocio Luz, Hondula, Kelly L, López Moreira Mazacotte, Gregorio A, Paul, Katherine, Peierls, Benjamin L, Rabaey, Joseph S, Sadro, Steven, Sánchez, María Laura, Smyth, Robyn L, and Sweetman, Jon N
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Environmental Sciences ,Biological Sciences ,Ecology ,Environmental Management ,Ecosystem ,Lakes ,Ponds ,Water ,Wetlands - Abstract
Ponds are often identified by their small size and shallow depths, but the lack of a universal evidence-based definition hampers science and weakens legal protection. Here, we compile existing pond definitions, compare ecosystem metrics (e.g., metabolism, nutrient concentrations, and gas fluxes) among ponds, wetlands, and lakes, and propose an evidence-based pond definition. Compiled definitions often mentioned surface area and depth, but were largely qualitative and variable. Government legislation rarely defined ponds, despite commonly using the term. Ponds, as defined in published studies, varied in origin and hydroperiod and were often distinct from lakes and wetlands in water chemistry. We also compared how ecosystem metrics related to three variables often seen in waterbody definitions: waterbody size, maximum depth, and emergent vegetation cover. Most ecosystem metrics (e.g., water chemistry, gas fluxes, and metabolism) exhibited nonlinear relationships with these variables, with average threshold changes at 3.7 ± 1.8 ha (median: 1.5 ha) in surface area, 5.8 ± 2.5 m (median: 5.2 m) in depth, and 13.4 ± 6.3% (median: 8.2%) emergent vegetation cover. We use this evidence and prior definitions to define ponds as waterbodies that are small (
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- 2022
8. Assessment of multiple ecosystem metabolism methods in an estuary
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Loken, Luke C, Van Nieuwenhuyse, Erwin E, Dahlgren, Randy A, Lenoch, Leah EK, Stumpner, Paul R, Burau, Jon R, and Sadro, Steven
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Earth Sciences ,Biological Sciences ,Marine Biology & Hydrobiology - Abstract
Ecosystem metabolism is a key ecological attribute and easy to describe, but quantifying metabolism in estuaries is challenging. Properly scaling measurements through time and space requires consideration of hydrodynamics and mixing water from heterogeneous sources, making any estimation uncertain. Here, we compared three methods for modeling ecosystem metabolism in a portion of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Metabolism estimates based on laboratory incubations, continuous in situ buoys, and an oxygen isotope approach all indicated the system was net heterotrophic, and calculated rates were comparable in magnitude when averaged over the 2-month study. Daily metabolic rates based on in situ buoys were the most variable, likely due to horizontal and vertical advection and poor portrayal of the dissolved oxygen budget. After temporally averaging in situ buoy estimates or smoothing the dissolved oxygen time series for tidal effects, rates were more comparable to the other methods, which may be necessary to account for tidal advection and unbalanced contributions from subhabitats within the metabolic footprint. Incubation-based rates represent the finest temporal and spatial scale and only account for pelagic processes, which may explain why incubation-based rates were lower than the other two methods. The oxygen isotope method provided temporally and spatially integrated rates that were bracketed by the other two methods and may be a valuable tool in systems matching the model requirements. Because uncertainty arises in each method from a number of assumptions and scaling calculations, the resolution of metabolic rates in estuaries is likely coarser and more variable than in other aquatic ecosystems.
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- 2021
9. Winter Climate and Lake Morphology Control Ice Phenology and Under‐Ice Temperature and Oxygen Regimes in Mountain Lakes
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Smits, Adrianne P, Gomez, Nicholas W, Dozier, Jeff, and Sadro, Steven
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Earth Sciences ,Atmospheric Sciences ,Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience ,Climate Action ,ice cover ,snow ,dissolved oxygen ,mountain lakes ,water temperature ,lake morphology ,Geophysics - Abstract
Warming winters will reduce ice cover and change under-ice conditions in temperate mountain lakes, where snow contributes most of winter cover on lakes. Snow-dominated mountain lakes are abundant and highly susceptible to climate warming, yet we lack an understanding of how climate variation and local attributes influence winter processes. We investigated climatic and intrinsic controls on ice phenology, water temperature, and bottom-water dissolved oxygen (DO) in 15 morphologically diverse lakes in the Sierra Nevada and Klamath Mountains of California, USA, using high-frequency measurements from multiple (2–5) winters. We found that ice phenology was determined by winter climate variables (snowfall and air temperature) that influence ice-off timing, whereas ice-on timing was relatively invariant among years. Lake size and morphology mediated the effect of climate on lake temperature and DO dynamics in early and late winter. Rates of hypolimnetic DO decline were highest in small, shallow lakes, and were unrelated to water temperature. Temperature and oxygen dynamics were more variable in small lakes because heavy snowfall caused ice submergence, mixing, and DO replenishment that affected the entire water column. As the persistence of snow declines in temperate mountain regions, autumn, and spring climatic conditions are expected to gain importance in regulating lake ice phenology. Water temperature and DO will likely increase in most lakes during winter as snowpack declines, but morphological attributes such as lake size will determine the sensitivity of ice phenology and under-ice processes to climate change.
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- 2021
10. Smoke from regional wildfires alters lake ecology
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Scordo, Facundo, Chandra, Sudeep, Suenaga, Erin, Kelson, Suzanne J, Culpepper, Joshua, Scaff, Lucia, Tromboni, Flavia, Caldwell, Timothy J, Seitz, Carina, Fiorenza, Juan E, Williamson, Craig E, Sadro, Steven, Rose, Kevin C, and Poulson, Simon R
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Agricultural ,Veterinary and Food Sciences ,Biological Sciences ,Ecology ,Environmental Sciences ,Forestry Sciences - Abstract
Wildfire smoke often covers areas larger than the burned area, yet the impacts of smoke on nearby aquatic ecosystems are understudied. In the summer of 2018, wildfire smoke covered Castle Lake (California, USA) for 55 days. We quantified the influence of smoke on the lake by comparing the physics, chemistry, productivity, and animal ecology in the prior four years (2014-2017) to the smoke year (2018). Smoke reduced incident ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation by 31% and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) by 11%. Similarly, underwater UV-B and PAR decreased by 65 and 44%, respectively, and lake heat content decreased by 7%. While the nutrient limitation of primary production did not change, shallow production in the offshore habitat increased by 109%, likely due to a release from photoinhibition. In contrast, deep-water, primary production decreased and the deep-water peak in chlorophyll a did not develop, likely due to reduced PAR. Despite the structural changes in primary production, light, and temperature, we observed little significant change in zooplankton biomass, community composition, or migration pattern. Trout were absent from the littoral-benthic habitat during the smoke period. The duration and intensity of smoke influences light regimes, heat content, and productivity, with differing responses to consumers.
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- 2021
11. Deeper waters are changing less consistently than surface waters in a global analysis of 102 lakes
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Pilla, Rachel M, Williamson, Craig E, Adamovich, Boris V, Adrian, Rita, Anneville, Orlane, Chandra, Sudeep, Colom-Montero, William, Devlin, Shawn P, Dix, Margaret A, Dokulil, Martin T, Gaiser, Evelyn E, Girdner, Scott F, Hambright, K David, Hamilton, David P, Havens, Karl, Hessen, Dag O, Higgins, Scott N, Huttula, Timo H, Huuskonen, Hannu, Isles, Peter DF, Joehnk, Klaus D, Jones, Ian D, Keller, Wendel Bill, Knoll, Lesley B, Korhonen, Johanna, Kraemer, Benjamin M, Leavitt, Peter R, Lepori, Fabio, Luger, Martin S, Maberly, Stephen C, Melack, John M, Melles, Stephanie J, Müller-Navarra, Dörthe C, Pierson, Don C, Pislegina, Helen V, Plisnier, Pierre-Denis, Richardson, David C, Rimmer, Alon, Rogora, Michela, Rusak, James A, Sadro, Steven, Salmaso, Nico, Saros, Jasmine E, Saulnier-Talbot, Émilie, Schindler, Daniel E, Schmid, Martin, Shimaraeva, Svetlana V, Silow, Eugene A, Sitoki, Lewis M, Sommaruga, Ruben, Straile, Dietmar, Strock, Kristin E, Thiery, Wim, Timofeyev, Maxim A, Verburg, Piet, Vinebrooke, Rolf D, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A, and Zadereev, Egor
- Abstract
Globally, lake surface water temperatures have warmed rapidly relative to air temperatures, but changes in deepwater temperatures and vertical thermal structure are still largely unknown. We have compiled the most comprehensive data set to date of long-term (1970-2009) summertime vertical temperature profiles in lakes across the world to examine trends and drivers of whole-lake vertical thermal structure. We found significant increases in surface water temperatures across lakes at an average rate of + 0.37 °C decade-1, comparable to changes reported previously for other lakes, and similarly consistent trends of increasing water column stability (+ 0.08 kg m-3 decade-1). In contrast, however, deepwater temperature trends showed little change on average (+ 0.06 °C decade-1), but had high variability across lakes, with trends in individual lakes ranging from - 0.68 °C decade-1 to + 0.65 °C decade-1. The variability in deepwater temperature trends was not explained by trends in either surface water temperatures or thermal stability within lakes, and only 8.4% was explained by lake thermal region or local lake characteristics in a random forest analysis. These findings suggest that external drivers beyond our tested lake characteristics are important in explaining long-term trends in thermal structure, such as local to regional climate patterns or additional external anthropogenic influences.
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- 2020
12. Wildfire smoke impacts lake ecosystems
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Farruggia, Mary Jade, primary, Brahney, Janice, additional, Tanentzap, Andrew J., additional, Brentrup, Jennifer A., additional, Brighenti, Ludmila S., additional, Chandra, Sudeep, additional, Cortés, Alicia, additional, Fernandez, Rocio L., additional, Fischer, Janet M., additional, Forrest, Alexander L., additional, Jin, Yufang, additional, Larrieu, Kenneth, additional, McCullough, Ian M., additional, Oleksy, Isabella A., additional, Pilla, Rachel M., additional, Rusak, James A., additional, Scordo, Facundo, additional, Smits, Adrianne P., additional, Symons, Celia C., additional, Tang, Minmeng, additional, Woodman, Samuel G., additional, and Sadro, Steven, additional
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- 2024
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13. Identifying factors that affect mountain lake sensitivity to atmospheric nitrogen deposition across multiple scales
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Burpee, Benjamin T., Saros, Jasmine E., Nanus, Leora, Baron, Jill, Brahney, Janice, Christianson, Kyle R., Ganz, Taylor, Heard, Andi, Hundey, Beth, Koinig, Karin A., Kopáček, Jiří, Moser, Katrina, Nydick, Koren, Oleksy, Isabella, Sadro, Steven, Sommaruga, Ruben, Vinebrooke, Rolf, and Williams, Jason
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- 2022
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14. Revisiting the Freshwater Imperative: Harnessing Team Science to Face Emerging Challenges to Freshwaters.
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Sadro, Steven, Hotchkiss, Erin R, Cottingham, Kathryn L, Vanni, Michael J, Speir, Shannon L, and O'Reilly, Catherine M
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PROBLEM solving ,FRESH water ,TIME management ,BEST practices ,ECOSYSTEMS - Abstract
Freshwater ecosystems face ever increasing environmental and ecological challenges. Recognition of those challenges is not new—over 30 years ago, a series of workshops convened to develop a research agenda (The Freshwater Imperative) to address those challenges. It was recognized that a critical component of solving the problems that freshwater ecosystems face would require greater interdisciplinary collaboration. Here, we discuss the context for the "Revisiting the Freshwater Imperative" workshop and describe how a small‐workshop model can be used effectively to seed longer term collaborative partnerships in support of meeting the challenges freshwater ecosystems face. Some key recommendations include: (1) engage with participants prior to the workshop to maximize efficient use of time and prime divergence‐convergence thinking; (2) promote a bottom‐up participant driven structure; (2) develop an agenda with enough flexibility to accommodate participant driven changes (i.e., a "live" agenda); (3) utilize best practices for facilitating team science; and (4) provide coordinating structure for post‐workshop working group activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
- Full Text
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15. Effects of Climate Variability on Snowmelt and Implications for Organic Matter in a High‐Elevation Lake
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Sadro, Steven, Sickman, James O, Melack, John M, and Skeen, Kevin
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Climate Action ,climate change ,mountain ,snowmelt ,organic matter ,nutrients ,lake ,Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience ,Civil Engineering ,Environmental Engineering - Abstract
Few coupled lake-watershed studies examine long-term effects of climate on the ecosystem function of lakes in a hydrological context. We use 32 years of hydrological and biogeochemical data from a high-elevation site in the Sierra Nevada of California to characterize variation in snowmelt in relation to climate variability and explore the impact on factors affecting phytoplankton biomass. The magnitude of accumulated winter snow, quantified through basinwide estimates of snow water equivalent (SWE), was the most important climate factor controlling variation in the timing and rate of spring snowmelt. Variations in SWE and snowmelt led to significant differences in lake flushing rate, water temperature, and nitrate concentrations across years. On average in dry years, snowmelt started 25 days earlier and proceeded 7 mm/day slower, and the lake began the ice-free season with nitrate concentrations ~2 μM higher and water temperatures 9°C warmer than in wet years. Flushing rates in wet years were 2.5 times larger than those in dry years. Consequently, particulate organic matter concentrations, a proxy for phytoplankton biomass, were 5–6 μM higher in dry years. There was a temporal trend of increase in particulate organic matter across dry years that corresponded to lake warming independent of variation in SWE. These results suggest that phytoplankton biomass is increasing as a result of both interannual variability in precipitation and long-term warming trends. Our study underscores the need to account for local-scale catchment variability that may affect the accumulation of winter snowpack when predicting climate responses in lakes.
- Published
- 2018
16. Comparisons of stable isotope (C, H, N) signatures for revealing organic matter sources and trophic relationships in headwater streams
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Page, Henry M, Cooper, Scott D, Wiseman, Sheila W, Bennett, Danuta, Klose, Kristie, Sadro, Steven, Nelson, Craig, and Even, Thomas
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Biological Sciences ,Ecology ,Zoology ,Fisheries Sciences ,Fisheries ,Fisheries sciences - Abstract
We compared the efficacy of stable carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen isotope ratios in identifying the resources used by insect consumers in headwater streams of southern California. We also compared gut contents with consumer stable isotope ratios and mixing model estimates of resource contributions to predator diet. Stable hydrogen isotope ratios (as δ2H) of algivores were well separated from ratios for detritivores, whereas relationships between stable carbon (as δ13C) and nitrogen (as δ15N) ratios of consumers and their expected diets were weaker and more ambiguous. δ2H values of primary consumers more strongly reflected the proportions of their gut contents consisting of algae than δ13C values. The proportions of algivorous prey in predator gut contents increased with mixing model estimates of algivore contributions to predator diet using δ2H but not δ13C values. Our findings support the use of hydrogen isotope ratios in food web studies of streams in southern California and their potential use in assessing the effects of anthropogenic and natural disturbance on basal resource contributions to food webs that might not otherwise be identified using carbon isotope ratios.
- Published
- 2017
17. Citizen science shows systematic changes in the temperature difference between air and inland waters with global warming
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Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A, Mackay, Murray, Stockwell, Jason D, Thiery, Wim, Grossart, Hans-Peter, Augusto-Silva, Pétala B, Baulch, Helen M, de Eyto, Elvira, Hejzlar, Josef, Kangur, Külli, Kirillin, Georgiy, Pierson, Don C, Rusak, James A, Sadro, Steven, and Woolway, R Iestyn
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Earth Sciences ,Atmospheric Sciences ,Climate Action - Abstract
Citizen science projects have a long history in ecological studies. The research usefulness of such projects is dependent on applying simple and standardized methods. Here, we conducted a citizen science project that involved more than 3500 Swedish high school students to examine the temperature difference between surface water and the overlying air (Tw-Ta) as a proxy for sensible heat flux (QH). If QH is directed upward, corresponding to positive Tw-Ta, it can enhance CO2 and CH4 emissions from inland waters, thereby contributing to increased greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere. The students found mostly negative Tw-Ta across small ponds, lakes, streams/rivers and the sea shore (i.e. downward QH), with Tw-Ta becoming increasingly negative with increasing Ta. Further examination of Tw-Ta using high-frequency temperature data from inland waters across the globe confirmed that Tw-Ta is linearly related to Ta. Using the longest available high-frequency temperature time series from Lake Erken, Sweden, we found a rapid increase in the occasions of negative Tw-Ta with increasing annual mean Ta since 1989. From these results, we can expect that ongoing and projected global warming will result in increasingly negative Tw-Ta, thereby reducing CO2 and CH4 transfer velocities from inland waters into the atmosphere.
- Published
- 2017
18. Widespread deoxygenation of temperate lakes
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Jane, Stephen F., Hansen, Gretchen J. A., Kraemer, Benjamin M., Leavitt, Peter R., Mincer, Joshua L., North, Rebecca L., Pilla, Rachel M., Stetler, Jonathan T., Williamson, Craig E., Woolway, R. Iestyn, Arvola, Lauri, Chandra, Sudeep, DeGasperi, Curtis L., Diemer, Laura, Dunalska, Julita, Erina, Oxana, Flaim, Giovanna, Grossart, Hans-Peter, Hambright, K. David, Hein, Catherine, Hejzlar, Josef, Janus, Lorraine L., Jenny, Jean-Philippe, Jones, John R., Knoll, Lesley B., Leoni, Barbara, Mackay, Eleanor, Matsuzaki, Shin-Ichiro S., McBride, Chris, Müller-Navarra, Dörthe C., Paterson, Andrew M., Pierson, Don, Rogora, Michela, Rusak, James A., Sadro, Steven, Saulnier-Talbot, Emilie, Schmid, Martin, Sommaruga, Ruben, Thiery, Wim, Verburg, Piet, Weathers, Kathleen C., Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Yokota, Kiyoko, and Rose, Kevin C.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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19. Climate change drives widespread shifts in lake thermal habitat
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Kraemer, Benjamin M., Pilla, Rachel M., Woolway, R. Iestyn, Anneville, Orlane, Ban, Syuhei, Colom-Montero, William, Devlin, Shawn P., Dokulil, Martin T., Gaiser, Evelyn E., Hambright, K. David, Hessen, Dag O., Higgins, Scott N., Jöhnk, Klaus D., Keller, Wendel, Knoll, Lesley B., Leavitt, Peter R., Lepori, Fabio, Luger, Martin S., Maberly, Stephen C., Müller-Navarra, Dörthe C., Paterson, Andrew M., Pierson, Donald C., Richardson, David C., Rogora, Michela, Rusak, James A., Sadro, Steven, Salmaso, Nico, Schmid, Martin, Silow, Eugene A., Sommaruga, Ruben, Stelzer, Julio A. A., Straile, Dietmar, Thiery, Wim, Timofeyev, Maxim A., Verburg, Piet, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Adrian, Rita
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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20. Variable impact of wildfire smoke on ecosystem metabolic rates in lakes
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Smits, Adrianne, primary, Scordo, Facundo, additional, Tang, Minmeng, additional, Cortés, Alicia, additional, Farruggia, Mary, additional, Culpepper, Joshua, additional, Chandra, Sudeep, additional, Jin, Yufang, additional, Valbuena, Sergio, additional, Watanabe, Shohei, additional, Schladow, Geoff, additional, and Sadro, Steven, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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21. Wildfire smoke impacts lake ecosystems
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Farruggia, Mary, primary, Brahney, Janice, additional, Sadro, Steven, additional, Tanentzap, Andrew, additional, Brentrup, Jennifer, additional, Brighenti, Ludmila, additional, Chandra, Sudeep, additional, Cortés, Alicia, additional, Fernandez, Rocio, additional, Fischer, Janet, additional, Forrest, Alexander, additional, Jin, Yufang, additional, Larrieu, Kenneth, additional, McCullough, Ian, additional, Oleksy, Isabella, additional, Pilla, Rachel, additional, Rusak, James, additional, Scordo, Facundo, additional, Smits, Adrianne, additional, Symons, Celia, additional, Tang, Minmeng, additional, and Woodman, Samuel, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Physicochemical and biological responses of streams to wildfire severity in riparian zones
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Cooper, Scott D, Page, Henry M, Wiseman, Sheila W, Klose, Kristie, Bennett, Danuta, Even, Thomas, Sadro, Steven, Nelson, Craig E, and Dudley, Thomas L
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Environmental Sciences ,Ecological Applications ,Ecology ,Biological Sciences ,biota ,disturbances ,riparian ,streams ,wildfire ,Marine Biology & Hydrobiology ,Biological sciences ,Environmental sciences - Abstract
© 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. We investigated the effects of a wildfire on stream physical, chemical and biological characteristics in a Mediterranean climate, comparing stream community structure and consumer resource use in burned versus unburned catchments in Santa Barbara County, CA, U.S.A. Canopy cover was lower and water temperature was higher in streams draining basins where the riparian vegetation burned than in streams in unburned basins or burned basins where riparian vegetation remained intact. Stream flow and suspended sediment concentrations during large post-fire storms and wet season nutrient levels were higher in burned than unburned catchments, with increased sedimentation after flood peaks. A year after fires, algal levels were highest in streams where riparian vegetation burned and lowest in streams in burned basins where the riparian canopy remained intact. In contrast, streams in burned basins had lower particulate organic matter, detritivore and predator levels than unburned basins, regardless of whether riparian vegetation burned. Where present, southern California steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were extirpated from burned basins. Algivore densities were high in streams with burned riparian vegetation for two post-fire years before declining to unburned stream levels. Shredder densities rebounded in streams in burned basins with intact riparian vegetation, but remained low for 4 years where riparian vegetation burned. Predatory invertebrate densities increased at sites where trout were eliminated by wildfire. Hydrogen stable isotope analysis indicated that the diets of most invertebrate taxa in streams with burned riparian vegetation a year after fires were comprised of a higher proportion of algal material than riparian detritus relative to invertebrates in streams with intact riparian vegetation. Wildfire impacts on stream food webs are determined, in part, by fire severity in the riparian zone. Streams with burned riparian canopies supported algal-based food webs and streams with intact riparian canopies sustained detrital-based food webs. Fire affected basal resources (nutrients, light, allochthonous inputs) with bottom-up effects on primary producers and consumers, but top-down effects were decoupled at the trophic link between invertebrate predators and primary consumers.
- Published
- 2015
23. Low Levels of Allochthony in Consumers Across Three High-Elevation Lake Types
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Vlah, Michael J., Holtgrieve, Gordon W., and Sadro, Steven
- Published
- 2018
24. Flowpath and retention of snowmelt in an ice-covered arctic lake
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Cortés, Alicia, Maclntyre, Sally, and Sadro, Steven
- Published
- 2017
25. Sentinel responses to droughts, wildfires, and floods: effects of UV radiation on lakes and their ecosystem services
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Williamson, Craig E, Overholt, Erin P, Brentrup, Jennifer A, Pilla, Rachel M, Leach, Taylor H, Schladow, S Geoffrey, Warren, Joseph D, Urmy, Samuel S, Sadro, Steven, Chandra, Sudeep, and Neale, Patrick J
- Published
- 2016
26. Climate change drives widespread shifts in lake thermal habitat
- Author
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Kraemer, Benjamin M., Pilla, Rachel M., Woolway, R. Iestyn, Anneville, Orlane, Ban, Syuhei, Colom-Montero, William, Devlin, Shawn P., Dokulil, Martin T., Gaiser, Evelyn E., Hambright, K. David, Hessen, Dag O., Higgins, Scott N., Jöhnk, Klaus D., Keller, Wendel, Knoll, Lesley B., Leavitt, Peter R., Lepori, Fabio, Luger, Martin S., Maberly, Stephen C., Müller-Navarra, Dörthe C., Paterson, Andrew M., Pierson, Donald C., Richardson, David C., Rogora, Michela, Rusak, James A., Sadro, Steven, Salmaso, Nico, Schmid, Martin, Silow, Eugene A., Sommaruga, Ruben, Stelzer, Julio A. A., Straile, Dietmar, Thiery, Wim, Timofeyev, Maxim A., Verburg, Piet, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Adrian, Rita
- Abstract
Lake surfaces are warming worldwide, raising concerns about lake organism responses to thermal habitat changes. Species may cope with temperature increases by shifting their seasonality or their depth to track suitable thermal habitats, but these responses may be constrained by ecological interactions, life histories or limiting resources. Here we use 32 million temperature measurements from 139 lakes to quantify thermal habitat change (percentage of non-overlap) and assess how this change is exacerbated by potential habitat constraints. Long-term temperature change resulted in an average 6.2% non-overlap between thermal habitats in baseline (1978–1995) and recent (1996–2013) time periods, with non-overlap increasing to 19.4% on average when habitats were restricted by season and depth. Tropical lakes exhibited substantially higher thermal non-overlap compared with lakes at other latitudes. Lakes with high thermal habitat change coincided with those having numerous endemic species, suggesting that conservation actions should consider thermal habitat change to preserve lake biodiversity.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Revisiting the Freshwater Imperative: Grand Challenges Survey and Workshop
- Author
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O'Reilly, Catherine M., primary, Cross, Jeni, additional, Cottingham, Kathryn L., additional, Hotchkiss, Erin R., additional, Mook, Anne, additional, Sadro, Steven, additional, and Vanni, Michael, additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Variation in reciprocal subsidies between lakes and land: perspectives from the mountains of California
- Author
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Piovia-Scott, Jonah, Sadro, Steven, Knapp, Roland A., Sickman, James, Pope, Karen L., and Chandra, Sudeep
- Subjects
California -- Environmental aspects -- Natural history ,Ecological research ,Habitat (Ecology) -- Research ,Lakes -- Natural history -- Environmental aspects ,Landforms -- Natural history -- Environmental aspects ,Earth sciences - Abstract
Lakes are connected to surrounding terrestrial habitats by reciprocal flows of energy and nutrients. We synthesize data from California's mountain lake catchments to investigate how these reciprocal subsidies change along an elevational gradient and with the introduction of a top aquatic predator. At lower elevations, well-developed terrestrial vegetation provides relatively large inputs of organic material to lakes, whereas at higher elevations, the paucity of terrestrial vegetation provides minimal organic input but allows for higher inputs of inorganic nitrogen. There are also pronounced elevational patterns in amphibians and aquatic insects, which represent important vectors for resource flows from lakes back to land. The introduction of trout can reduce this lake-to-land resource transfer, as trout consume amphibians and aquatic insects. We propose a conceptual model in which within-lake processes influence terrestrial consumers at higher elevations, while terrestrial inputs govern within-lake processes at lower elevations. This model contributes to a more general understanding of the connections between aquatic and terrestrial habitats in complex landscapes. Les lacs sont relies aux habitats terrestres qui les entourent par des flux reciproques d'energie et de nutriments. Nous mettons en rapport des donnees tirees de bassins versants de lacs de montagne en Californie pour etudier les variations de ces apports reciproques le long d'un gradient altitudinal et apres l'introduction d'un predateur aquatique de niveau trophique superieur. A basse altitude, une vegetation terrestre bien developpee fournit de relativement grands apports de matiere organique aux lacs, alors qu'a plus haute altitude, la rarete de la vegetation terrestre fournit peu d'apports organiques, mais permet des apports d'azote inorganique plus importants. Des variations altitudinales marquees sont egalement observees chez les amphibiens et les insectes aquatiques, qui representent d'importants vecteurs pour les flux de ressources des lacs vers la terre. L'introduction de truites peut reduire ce transfert de ressources des lacs vers la terre, puisque les truites consomment des amphibiens et des insectes aquatiques. Nous proposons un modele conceptuel dans lequel les processus internes des lacs influencent les consommateurs terrestres a plus haute altitude, alors que les apports terrestres regissent les processus internes des lacs de plus basse altitude. Ce modele participe a une comprehension plus generale des liens entre les habitats aquatiques et terrestres dans des paysages complexes. [Traduit par la Redaction], Introduction The transport of energy and resources across habitat boundaries has important consequences for food-web dynamics and ecosystem function (Polis et al. 1997, 2004; Loreau et al. 2003; Richardson and [...]
- Published
- 2016
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29. Ecosystem Consequences of Changing Inputs of Terrestrial Dissolved Organic Matter to Lakes: Current Knowledge and Future Challenges
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Solomon, Christopher T., Jones, Stuart E., Weidel, Brian C., Buffam, Ishi, Fork, Megan L., Karlsson, Jan, Larsen, Søren, Lennon, Jay T., Read, Jordan S., Sadro, Steven, and Saros, Jasmine E.
- Published
- 2015
30. Lakes and Watersheds in the Sierra Nevada of California : Responses to Environmental Change
- Author
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Melack, John M., Sadro, Steven, Sickman, James O., Dozier, Jeff, Melack, John M., Sadro, Steven, Sickman, James O., and Dozier, Jeff
- Published
- 2020
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31. Winter Limnology on the Rise.
- Author
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Hampton, Stephanie, Dugan, Hilary, Sadro, Steven, Vick‐Majors, Trista, and Ozersky, Ted
- Subjects
SCIENTIFIC communication ,EL Nino ,ICE on rivers, lakes, etc. ,LAKE trout ,OPEN scholarship - Abstract
The Winter Limnology Network is a project supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation that aims to develop a network of researchers trained in conducting limnological research on frozen lakes. This project addresses the lack of training in areas such as ice safety, operating equipment in subzero temperatures, and collecting samples from under snow and ice. The network uses a team science approach and welcomes participation from researchers interested in paired winter-summer sampling. To build capacity for winter research, the network organized a comprehensive winter limnology training workshop for early career limnologists. The workshop included ice safety training, hands-on field research, and discussions on team science and science communication. The Winter Limnology Network plans to offer this training again in the future and encourages researchers to join their efforts. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
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32. Widespread variability in overnight patterns of ecosystem respiration linked to gradients in dissolved organic matter, residence time, and productivity in a global set of lakes
- Author
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Sadro, Steven, Holtgrieve, Gordon W., Solomon, Christopher T., and Koch, Gregory R.
- Published
- 2014
33. A Future Without Ice Cover
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Sadro, Steven, primary and Xenopoulos, Marguerite, additional
- Published
- 2022
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34. Whither Winter: The Altered Role of Winter for Freshwaters as the Climate Changes
- Author
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Cotner, James B., primary, Powers, Stephen M., additional, Sadro, Steven, additional, and McKnight, Diane, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Corrigendum to Identifying factors that affect mountain lake sensitivity to atmospheric nitrogen deposition across multiple scales
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Burpee, Benjamin T., Saros, Jasmine E., Nanus, Leora, Baron, Jill, Brahney, Janice, Christianson, Kyle R., Ganz, Taylor, Heard, Andi, Hundey, Beth, Koinig, Karin A., Kop´aˇcek, Jiˇrí, Moser, Katrina, Nydick, Koren, Oleksy, Isabella, Sadro, Steven, Sommaruga, Ruben, Vinebrooke, Rolf, and Williams, Jason
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Wildfire Smoke Effects on Lake‐Habitat Specific Metabolism: Toward a Conceptual Understanding
- Author
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Scordo, Facundo, primary, Sadro, Steven, additional, Culpepper, Joshua, additional, Seitz, Carina, additional, and Chandra, Sudeep, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Depth-integrated estimates of ecosystem metabolism in a high-elevation lake (Emerald Lake, Sierra Nevada, California)
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Sadro, Steven, Melack, John M., and MacIntyre, Sally
- Published
- 2011
38. Linking diel patterns in community respiration to bacterioplankton in an oligotrophic high-elevation lake
- Author
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Sadro, Steven, Nelson, Craig E., and Melack, John M.
- Published
- 2011
39. Contrasting the Influences of Stream Inputs and Landscape Position on Bacterioplankton Community Structure and Dissolved Organic Matter Composition in High-Elevation Lake Chains
- Author
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Nelson, Craig E., Sadro, Steven, and Melack, John M.
- Published
- 2009
40. The extent and variability of storm‐induced temperature changes in lakes measured with long‐term and high‐frequency data
- Author
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Doubek, Jonathan, Anneville, Orlane, Dur, Gaël, Lewandowska, Aleksandra, Patil, Vijay, Rusak, James, Salmaso, Nico, Seltmann, Christian Torsten, Straile, Dietmar, Urrutia‐Cordero, Pablo, Venail, Patrick, Adrian, Rita, Alfonso, María, DeGasperi, Curtis, Eyto, Elvira, Feuchtmayr, Heidrun, Gaiser, Evelyn, Girdner, Scott, Graham, Jennifer, Grossart, Hans‐Peter, Hejzlar, Josef, Jacquet, Stéphan, Kirillin, Georgiy, Llames, María, Matsuzaki, Shin‐ichiro, Nodine, Emily, Piccolo, Maria Cintia, Pierson, Don, Rimmer, Alon, Rudstam, Lars, Sadro, Steven, Swain, Hilary, Thackeray, Stephen, Thiery, Wim, Verburg, Piet, Zohary, Tamar, Stockwell, Jason, Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques (CARRTEL), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and University of Shizuoka
- Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences ,Ecology and Environment - Abstract
International audience; The intensity and frequency of storms are projected to increase in many regions of the world because of climate change. Storms can alter environmental conditions in many ecosystems. In lakes and reservoirs, storms can reduce epilimnetic temperatures from wind-induced mixing with colder hypolimnetic waters, direct precipitation to the lake's surface, and watershed runoff. We analyzed 18 long-term and high-frequency lake datasets from 11 countries to assess the magnitude of wind-vs. rainstorm-induced changes in epilimnetic temperature. We found small day-today epilimnetic temperature decreases in response to strong wind and heavy rain during stratified conditions. Day-today epilimnetic temperature decreased, on average, by 0.28 C during the strongest windstorms (storm mean daily wind speed among lakes: 6.7 AE 2.7 m s −1 , 1 SD) and by 0.15 C after the heaviest rainstorms (storm mean daily rainfall: 21.3 AE 9.0 mm). The largest decreases in epilimnetic temperature were observed ≥2 d after sustained strong wind or heavy rain (top 5 th percentile of wind and rain events for each lake) in shallow and medium-depth lakes. The smallest decreases occurred in deep lakes. Epilimnetic temperature change from windstorms, but not rainstorms, was negatively correlated with maximum lake depth. However, even the largest storm-induced mean epilimnetic temperature decreases were typically
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Earlier winter/spring runoff and snowmelt during warmer winters lead to lower summer chlorophyll‐ a in north temperate lakes
- Author
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Hrycik, Allison R., primary, Isles, Peter D. F., additional, Adrian, Rita, additional, Albright, Matthew, additional, Bacon, Linda C., additional, Berger, Stella A., additional, Bhattacharya, Ruchi, additional, Grossart, Hans‐Peter, additional, Hejzlar, Josef, additional, Hetherington, Amy Lee, additional, Knoll, Lesley B., additional, Laas, Alo, additional, McDonald, Cory P., additional, Merrell, Kellie, additional, Nejstgaard, Jens C., additional, Nelson, Kirsten, additional, Nõges, Peeter, additional, Paterson, Andrew M., additional, Pilla, Rachel M., additional, Robertson, Dale M., additional, Rudstam, Lars G., additional, Rusak, James A., additional, Sadro, Steven, additional, Silow, Eugene A., additional, Stockwell, Jason D., additional, Yao, Huaxia, additional, Yokota, Kiyoko, additional, and Pierson, Donald C., additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. The extent and variability of storm-induced temperature changes in lakes measured with long-term and high-frequency data
- Author
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Doubek, Jonathan P., Anneville, Orlane, Dur, Gael, Lewandowska, Aleksandra M., Patil, Vijay P., Rusak, James A., Salmaso, Nico, Seltmann, Christian Torsten, Straile, Dietmar, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Venail, Patrick, Adrian, Rita, Alfonso, Maria B., DeGasperi, Curtis L., de Eyto, Elvira, Feuchtmayr, Heidrun, Gaiser, Evelyn E., Girdner, Scott F., Graham, Jennifer L., Grossart, Hans-Peter, Hejzlar, Josef, Jacquet, Stephan, Kirillin, Georgiy, Llames, Maria E., Matsuzaki, Shin-Ichiro S., Nodine, Emily R., Piccolo, Maria Cintia, Pierson, Don C., Rimmer, Alon, Rudstam, Lars G., Sadro, Steven, Swain, Hilary M., Thackeray, Stephen J., Thiery, Wim, Verburg, Piet, Zohary, Tamar, Stockwell, Jason D., Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering, Marine Ecosystems Research Group, Tvärminne Zoological Station, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, and Biological stations
- Subjects
Lakes ,Science & Technology ,Settore BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA ,1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology ,Physical Sciences ,Limnology ,Climate change ,Marine & Freshwater Biology ,Oceanography ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Abstract
The intensity and frequency of storms are projected to increase in many regions of the world because of climate change. Storms can alter environmental conditions in many ecosystems. In lakes and reservoirs, storms can reduce epilimnetic temperatures from wind-induced mixing with colder hypolimnetic waters, direct precipitation to the lake's surface, and watershed runoff. We analyzed 18 long-term and high-frequency lake datasets from 11 countries to assess the magnitude of wind- vs. rainstorm-induced changes in epilimnetic temperature. We found small day-to-day epilimnetic temperature decreases in response to strong wind and heavy rain during stratified conditions. Day-to-day epilimnetic temperature decreased, on average, by 0.28°C during the strongest windstorms (storm mean daily wind speed among lakes: 6.7 ± 2.7 m s −1, 1 SD) and by 0.15°C after the heaviest rainstorms (storm mean daily rainfall: 21.3 ± 9.0 mm). The largest decreases in epilimnetic temperature were observed ≥2 d after sustainedstrong wind or heavy rain (top 5 th percentile of wind and rain events for each lake) in shallow and medium-depth lakes. The smallest decreases occurred in deep lakes. Epilimnetic temperature change from windstorms, but not rainstorms, was negatively correlated with maximum lake depth. However, even the largest storm-induced mean epilimnetic temperature decreases were typically
- Published
- 2021
43. Earlier winter/spring runoff and snowmelt during warmer winters lead to lower summer chlorophyll-a in north temperate lakes
- Author
-
Hrycik, Allison R., Isles, Peter D. F., Adrian, Rita, Albright, Matthew, Bacon, Linda C., Berger, Stella A., Bhattacharya, Ruchi, Grossart, Hans-Peter, Hejzlar, Josef, Hetherington, Amy Lee, Knoll, Lesley B., Laas, Alo, McDonald, Cory P., Merrell, Kellie, Nejstgaard, Jens C., Nelson, Kirsten, Noges, Peeter, Paterson, Andrew M., Pilla, Rachel M., Robertson, Dale M., Rudstam, Lars G., Rusak, James A., Sadro, Steven, Silow, Eugene A., Stockwell, Jason D., Yao, Huaxia, Yokota, Kiyoko, Pierson, Donald C., Hrycik, Allison R., Isles, Peter D. F., Adrian, Rita, Albright, Matthew, Bacon, Linda C., Berger, Stella A., Bhattacharya, Ruchi, Grossart, Hans-Peter, Hejzlar, Josef, Hetherington, Amy Lee, Knoll, Lesley B., Laas, Alo, McDonald, Cory P., Merrell, Kellie, Nejstgaard, Jens C., Nelson, Kirsten, Noges, Peeter, Paterson, Andrew M., Pilla, Rachel M., Robertson, Dale M., Rudstam, Lars G., Rusak, James A., Sadro, Steven, Silow, Eugene A., Stockwell, Jason D., Yao, Huaxia, Yokota, Kiyoko, and Pierson, Donald C.
- Abstract
Winter conditions, such as ice cover and snow accumulation, are changing rapidly at northern latitudes and can have important implications for lake processes. For example, snowmelt in the watershed-a defining feature of lake hydrology because it delivers a large portion of annual nutrient inputs-is becoming earlier. Consequently, earlier and a shorter duration of snowmelt are expected to affect annual phytoplankton biomass. To test this hypothesis, we developed an index of runoff timing based on the date when 50% of cumulative runoff between January 1 and May 31 had occurred. The runoff index was computed using stream discharge for inflows, outflows, or for flows from nearby streams for 41 lakes in Europe and North America. The runoff index was then compared with summer chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration (a proxy for phytoplankton biomass) across 5-53 years for each lake. Earlier runoff generally corresponded to lower summer Chl-a. Furthermore, years with earlier runoff also had lower winter/spring runoff magnitude, more protracted runoff, and earlier ice-out. We examined several lake characteristics that may regulate the strength of the relationship between runoff timing and summer Chl-a concentrations; however, our tested covariates had little effect on the relationship. Date of ice-out was not clearly related to summer Chl-a concentrations. Our results indicate that ongoing changes in winter conditions may have important consequences for summer phytoplankton biomass and production.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. The Influence of Landscape Position and Catchment Characteristics on Aquatic Biogeochemistry in High-Elevation Lake-Chains
- Author
-
Sadro, Steven, Nelson, Craig E., and Melack, John M.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Watershed and Lake Attributes Dictate Landscape Patterns of Resource Flows in Mountain Lakes
- Author
-
Smits, Adrianne P., primary, Currinder, Bryan, additional, Framsted, Nicholas, additional, Loken, Luke C., additional, Lucero, Delores, additional, Neal, Kelly A., additional, Parisek, Christine A., additional, Sickman, Jim, additional, and Sadro, Steven, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Paired O₂–CO₂ measurements provide emergent insights into aquatic ecosystem function
- Author
-
Vachon, Dominic, Sadro, Steven, Bogard, Matthew J., Lapierre, Jean-Francois, Baulch, Helen M., Rusak, James A., Denfeld, Blaize A., Laas, Alo, Klaus, Marcus, Karlsson, Jan, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and del Giorgio, Paul A.
- Subjects
articles ,measurement ,aquatic ecosystems - Abstract
Metabolic stoichiometry predicts that dissolved oxygen (O2 ) and carbon dioxide (CO2 ) in aquatic ecosystems should covary inversely; however, field observations often diverge from theoretical expectations. Here, we propose a suite of metrics describing this O 2 and CO2 decoupling and introduce a conceptual framework for interpreting these metrics within aquatic ecosys- tems. Within this framework, we interpret cross-system patterns of high-frequency O 2 and CO2 measurements in 11 northern lakes and extract emergent insights into the metabolic behavior and the simultaneous roles of chemical and physical forcing in shaping ecosystem processes. This approach leverages the power of high-frequency paired O 2–CO2 measurements, and yields a novel, integrative aquatic system typology which can also be applicable more broadly to streams and rivers, wetlands and marine systems. This study evolved from discussions during the “Coupling of O 2 and CO 2 dynamics in Lakes” working group during the Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network GLEON 16 meeting held in Orford, Canada in 2014. We are especially thankful to P. Staehr, M. Head, T. Rasilo, S. Bartlett, R.-M. Couture, D. da Motta Marques, T. Kratz, R. Maranger, D. Tonetta, P. Meison, and T. DelSontro who also participated to this working group and B. Obrador for providing useful suggestions which improved the study. We thank Erik Geibrink and Anders Jonsson for help with data acquisition in the Swedish lakes, which was supported by Formas (Grant 210-2012-1461) and Kempestiftelserna (Grant SMK- 1240). We thank the Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks (formerly Environment and Climate Change) for funding the Harp Lake initiative and Chris McConnell and Tim Field of the Dorset Environmental Science Centre for help in data collection and curation. Work within Buffalo Pound Lake was supported by instrumentation from the Canada Foundation for Innovation, a National Science and Engineering Council Strategic Project Grant, and support of the Saskatchewan Water Security Agency and Buffalo Pound Water Treat- ment Plant. We thank Jay Bauer, Katy Nugent, and others for technical support in Buffalo Pound Lake. S.S. was supported through a post- doctoral fellowship from the National Science Foundation (EAR- 1249769). Financial support for G.A.W. was received from the Swedish Research Council (Grant 2016-04153) and from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (Grant KAW 2013.0091). A.L. was supported by Estonian Research Council Grant PSG 32 and IUT 21-2 of the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research. D.V. was supported by postdoctoral fellowships from NSERC and the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation. M.J.B. was supported by postdoctoral fellowships from NSERC and the Delta Stewardship Council Delta Science Program. This study evolved from discussions during the “Coupling of O 2 and CO 2 dynamics in Lakes” working group during the Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network GLEON 16 meeting held in Orford, Canada in 2014. We are especially thankful to P. Staehr, M. Head, T. Rasilo, S. Bartlett, R.-M. Couture, D. da Motta Marques, T. Kratz, R. Maranger, D. Tonetta, P. Meison, and T. DelSontro who also participated to this working group and B. Obrador for providing useful suggestions which improved the study. We thank Erik Geibrink and Anders Jonsson for help with data acquisition in the Swedish lakes, which was supported by Formas (Grant 210-2012-1461) and Kempestiftelserna (Grant SMK- 1240). We thank the Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks (formerly Environment and Climate Change) for funding the Harp Lake initiative and Chris McConnell and Tim Field of the Dorset Environmental Science Centre for help in data collection and curation. Work within Buffalo Pound Lake was supported by instrumentation from the Canada Foundation for Innovation, a National Science and Engineering Council Strategic Project Grant, and support of the Saskatchewan Water Security Agency and Buffalo Pound Water Treat- ment Plant. We thank Jay Bauer, Katy Nugent, and others for technical support in Buffalo Pound Lake. S.S. was supported through a post- doctoral fellowship from the National Science Foundation (EAR- 1249769). Financial support for G.A.W. was received from the Swedish Research Council (Grant 2016-04153) and from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (Grant KAW 2013.0091). A.L. was supported by Estonian Research Council Grant PSG 32 and IUT 21-2 of the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research. D.V. was supported by postdoctoral fellowships from NSERC and the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation. M.J.B. was supported by postdoctoral fellowships from NSERC and the Delta Stewardship Council Delta Science Program.
- Published
- 2020
47. Deeper waters are changing less consistently than surface waters in a global analysis of 102 lakes
- Author
-
Pilla, Rachel M., Williamson, Craig E., Adamovich, Boris V., Adrian, Rita, Anneville, Orlane, Chandra, Sudeep, Colom-Montero, William, Devlin, Shawn P., Dix, Margaret A., Dokulil, Martin T., Gaiser, Evelyn E., Girdner, Scott F., Hambright, K. David, Hamilton, David P., Havens, Karl, Hessen, Dag O., Higgins, Scott N., Huttula, Timo H., Huuskonen, Hannu, Isles, Peter D. F., Joehnk, Klaus D., Jones, Ian D., Keller, Wendel Bill, Knoll, Lesley B., Korhonen, Johanna, Kraemer, Benjamin M., Leavitt, Peter R., Lepori, Fabio, Luger, Martin S., Maberly, Stephen C., Melack, John M., Melles, Stephanie J., Müller-Navarra, Dörthe C., Pierson, Don C., Pislegina, Helen V., Plisnier, Pierre-Denis, Richardson, David C., Rimmer, Alon, Rogora, Michela, Rusak, James A., Sadro, Steven, Salmaso, Nico, Saros, Jasmine E., Saulnier-Talbot, Émilie, Schindler, Daniel E., Schmid, Martin, Shimaraeva, Svetlana V., Silow, Eugene A., Sitoki, Lewis M., Sommaruga, Ruben, Straile, Dietmar, Strock, Kristin E., Thiery, Wim, Timofeyev, Maxim A., Verburg, Piet, Vinebrooke, Rolf D., Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Zadereev, Egor, Pilla, Rachel M., Williamson, Craig E., Adamovich, Boris V., Adrian, Rita, Anneville, Orlane, Chandra, Sudeep, Colom-Montero, William, Devlin, Shawn P., Dix, Margaret A., Dokulil, Martin T., Gaiser, Evelyn E., Girdner, Scott F., Hambright, K. David, Hamilton, David P., Havens, Karl, Hessen, Dag O., Higgins, Scott N., Huttula, Timo H., Huuskonen, Hannu, Isles, Peter D. F., Joehnk, Klaus D., Jones, Ian D., Keller, Wendel Bill, Knoll, Lesley B., Korhonen, Johanna, Kraemer, Benjamin M., Leavitt, Peter R., Lepori, Fabio, Luger, Martin S., Maberly, Stephen C., Melack, John M., Melles, Stephanie J., Müller-Navarra, Dörthe C., Pierson, Don C., Pislegina, Helen V., Plisnier, Pierre-Denis, Richardson, David C., Rimmer, Alon, Rogora, Michela, Rusak, James A., Sadro, Steven, Salmaso, Nico, Saros, Jasmine E., Saulnier-Talbot, Émilie, Schindler, Daniel E., Schmid, Martin, Shimaraeva, Svetlana V., Silow, Eugene A., Sitoki, Lewis M., Sommaruga, Ruben, Straile, Dietmar, Strock, Kristin E., Thiery, Wim, Timofeyev, Maxim A., Verburg, Piet, Vinebrooke, Rolf D., Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Zadereev, Egor
- Abstract
Globally, lake surface water temperatures have warmed rapidly relative to air temperatures, but changes in deepwater temperatures and vertical thermal structure are still largely unknown. We have compiled the most comprehensive data set to date of long-term (1970–2009) summertime vertical temperature profiles in lakes across the world to examine trends and drivers of whole-lake vertical thermal structure. We found significant increases in surface water temperatures across lakes at an average rate of + 0.37 °C decade−1, comparable to changes reported previously for other lakes, and similarly consistent trends of increasing water column stability (+ 0.08 kg m−3 decade−1). In contrast, however, deepwater temperature trends showed little change on average (+ 0.06 °C decade−1), but had high variability across lakes, with trends in individual lakes ranging from − 0.68 °C decade−1 to + 0.65 °C decade−1. The variability in deepwater temperature trends was not explained by trends in either surface water temperatures or thermal stability within lakes, and only 8.4% was explained by lake thermal region or local lake characteristics in a random forest analysis. These findings suggest that external drivers beyond our tested lake characteristics are important in explaining long-term trends in thermal structure, such as local to regional climate patterns or additional external anthropogenic influences.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Paired O2-'CO2 measurements provide emergent insights into aquatic ecosystem function
- Author
-
Vachon, Dominic, Sadro, Steven, Bogard, Matthew J., Lapierre, Jean-François, Baulch, Helen M., Rusak, James A., Denfeld, Blaize A., Laas, Alo, Klaus, Marcus, Karlsson, Jan, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Giorgio, Paul A., Vachon, Dominic, Sadro, Steven, Bogard, Matthew J., Lapierre, Jean-François, Baulch, Helen M., Rusak, James A., Denfeld, Blaize A., Laas, Alo, Klaus, Marcus, Karlsson, Jan, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., and Giorgio, Paul A.
- Abstract
Metabolic stoichiometry predicts that dissolved oxygen (O 2) and carbon dioxide (CO 2) in aquatic ecosystems should covary inversely; however, field observations often diverge from theoretical expectations. Here, we propose a suite of metrics describing this O 2 and CO 2 decoupling and introduce a conceptual framework for interpreting these metrics within aquatic ecosystems. Within this framework, we interpret cross-system patterns of high-frequency O 2 and CO 2 measurements in 11 northern lakes and extract emergent insights into the metabolic behavior and the simultaneous roles of chemical and physical forcing in shaping ecosystem processes. This approach leverages the power of high-frequency paired O 2-CO 2 measurements, and yields a novel, integrative aquatic system typology which can also be applicable more broadly to streams and rivers, wetlands and marine systems. Dissolved oxygen (O 2) remains one of the most studied attributes of aquatic ecosystems since the beginning of modern ecology. In 1957, G. E. Hutchinson famously wrote "A skillful limnologist can probably learn more about the nature of a lake from a series of oxygen determinations than from any other kind of chemical data" (Hutchinson 1957). The value of oxygen as an indicator of ecosystem function stems from its role in biogeochemical reactions, where it regulates
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Linking stages of life history: how larval quality translates into juvenile performance for an intertidal barnacle (Balanus glandula)
- Author
-
Emlet, Richard B. and Sadro, Steven S.
- Subjects
Barnacles -- Research ,Cirripedia -- Research ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
Many marine invertebrates with complex life cycles produce planktonic larvae that experience environmental conditions different from those encountered by adults. Factors such as temperature and food, known to impact the larval period, can also affect larval size and consequently the size of newly settled juveniles. After documenting natural variation in the size of cyprids (the final larval stage) of the barnacle Balanus glandula, we experimentally manipulated temperature and food given to larvae to produce cyprids of differing sizes but within the size range of cyprids found in the field. In a set of trials in which larvae of B. glandula were raised on full or reduced rations in the laboratory and subsequently outplanted into the field as newly metamorphosed juveniles, we explored the effects of larval nutrition and size on juvenile performance. Larvae that received full rations throughout their feeding period produced larger cyprids (with more lipid and protein). These larger cyprids grew faster as juveniles and sometimes survived better in the field than juveniles from larvae that had their food ration reduced in the last feeding instar. For naturally settling barnacles brought into the laboratory within 2 days of settlement and fed, we found that initial juvenile size was a good predictor of juvenile size even after 2 weeks of growth. By manipulating food given to juveniles that were derived from larvae fed either full or reduced rations, we found that larval nutritional effects persisted in juveniles for 2-3 times the period that larvae experienced altered food rations.
- Published
- 2006
50. Lakes and Watersheds in the Sierra Nevada of California
- Author
-
Melack, John M., primary, Sadro, Steven, additional, Sickman, James O., additional, and Dozier, Jeff, additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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