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This study aimed to determine which information resources Grand Valley State University (GVSU) alumni from four health science programs utilize in clinical practice. It also explored alumni opinions of their educational experiences at GVSU in relation to information literacy and library resources. A survey was administered to alumni who had graduated with a degree in athletic training (BS), nursing (BS, MS, DNP), physical therapy (MPT and DPT), or physician assistant studies (MPAS). We received 451 valid responses (12.8% response rate). The survey focused on specific resources used in the professional workplace, GVSU preparation for information literacy in the workplace, alumni confidence in information literacy skills, and additional preparation that could have been helpful after graduation. Survey responses are reported by discipline and degree earned. Insights from this study will inform liaison librarian conversations with faculty members and decisions regarding resource acquisition to help students transition from the academic environment to professional practice.

Introduction: Early in COVID‐19, continuing professional development (CPD) providers quickly made decisions about program content, design, funding and technology. Although experiences during an earlier pandemic cautioned providers to make disaster plans, CPD was not entirely prepared for this event. We sought to better understand how CPD organisations make decisions about CPD strategy and operations during a crisis. Methods: This is a descriptive qualitative research study of decision making in two organisations: CPD at the University of Toronto (UofT) and the US‐based Society for Academic Continuing Medical Education (SACME). In March 2021, using purposive and snowball sampling, we invited faculty and staff who held leadership positions to participate in semi‐structured interviews. The interview focused on the individual's role and organisation, their decision‐making process and reflections on how their units had changed because of COVID‐19. Transcripts were reviewed, coded and analysed using thematic analysis. We used Mazmanian et al.'s Ecological Framework as a further conceptual tool. Results: We conducted eight interviews from UofT and five from SACME. We identified that decision making during the pandemic occurred over four phases of reactions and impact from COVID‐19, including shutdown, pivot, transition and the 'new reality'. The decision‐making ability of CPD organisations changed throughout the pandemic, ranging from having little or no independent decision‐making ability early on to having considerable control over choosing appropriate pathways forward. Decision making was strongly influenced by the creativity, adaptability and flexibility of the CPD community and the need for social connection. Conclusions: This adds to literature on the changes CPD organisations faced due to COVID‐19, emphasising CPD organisations' adaptability in making decisions. Applying the Ecological Framework further demonstrates the importance of time to decision‐making processes and the relational aspect of CPD. To face future crises, CPD will need to embrace creative, flexible and socially connected solutions. Future scholarship could explore an organisation's ability to rapidly adapt to better prepare for future crises. Using CPD organizations's response to the covid crisis, Paton et al. demonstrate the importance of time and relations as a means to embrace creative, flexible, and socially connected solutions in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Continuing professional development (CPD) fosters lifelong learning and enables health care providers to keep their knowledge and skills current with rapidly evolving health care practices. Instructional methods promoting critical thinking and decision making contribute to effective CPD interventions. The delivery methods influence the uptake of content and the resulting changes in knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behavior. Educational approaches are needed to ensure that CPD meets the changing needs of health care providers. This article examines the development approach and key recommendations embedded in a CE Educator's toolkit created to evolve CPD practice and foster a learning experience that promotes self-awareness, self-reflection, competency, and behavioral change. The Knowledge-to-Action framework was used in designing the toolkit. The toolkit highlighted three intervention formats: facilitation of small group learning, case-based learning, and reflective learning. Strategies and guidelines to promote active learning principles in CPD activities within different modalities and learning contexts were included. The goal of the toolkit is to assist CPD providers to design educational activities that optimally support health care providers' self-reflection and knowledge translation into their clinical environment and contribute to practice improvement, thus achieving the outcomes of the quintuple aim. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes the design decisions, technical approach, and evaluation of the animation and interface components for an agent-based system that allows learners to learn by teaching. Students learn by teaching an animated agent using a visual representation. The agent can answer questions about what she has been taught and take quizzes. The agent's performance provides students feedback and motivation to learn, and the overall interaction helps students learn for themselves. The teachable agent uses speech and animation to communicate with the student, and sometimes expresses emotion through her spoken dialog and facial expressions. The technical approach is novel in that it provides a system for creating and customizing an animated agent and associated content in a fast and efficient manner that does not require specialized modeling or animation skills. We evaluate both our interface design and the effects of animated agent on students in a U.S. public school aged 9-11. Results show that the both the new interface and the presence of an animated agent promote positive learning experiences. (Contains 12 figures and 1 table.)

Underperformance among physicians is not well studied or defined; yet, the identification and remediation of physicians who are not performing up to acceptable standards is central to quality care and patient safety. Methods for estimating the prevalence of dyscompetence include evaluating available data on medical errors, malpractice claims, disciplinary actions, quality control studies, medical record review studies, and in-stream assessments of physician performance. These data provide a range of estimates from 0.6% to 50%, depending on the method. A reasonable estimate of dyscompetence appears to be 6% to 12%. Age-related cognitive decline, impairment due to substance use disorders, and other psychiatric illness can contribute to underperformance, diminishing physicians' insight into their level of performance as well as their ability to benefit from an educational experience. Currently, dyscompetent physicians in the United States are identified through either the legal system or peer review. The primary method of resolving issues of underperformance in physicians is through continuing medical education (CME). Although a number of specialized assessment and education programs exist in the United States, these programs are largely underutilized. Similar programs exist in Canada and have provided evidence of the efficacy of a more specialized and individualized educational approach for underperforming physicians. Current specialty programs focused on this population employ individual assessments of knowledge and performance, individually designed educational programs, long-term plans for maintenance of educational activity, and repeated assessment of performance level. Noting that few CME programs offer these requirements, a number of changes to current medical quality assurance programs that might foster such educational requirements for underperforming physicians are provided.

Parental/caregiver adherence has been identified as a barrier to implementation of early power mobility programs. Motivational interviewing (MI) may help in addressing this barrier. Two scoping reviews were conducted to gather concepts pertaining to parent-based or rehabilitation-based MI interventions and to develop a parent-based MI intervention to address parental/caregiver adherence to home-based early power mobility interventions for infants and young children. Separate literature searches for parent-based MI and rehabilitation-based MI were conducted in PubMed, CINAHL Complete, PsycInfo, and Web of Science Core Collection. Inclusion criteria were [1]: focussed on/use of either a parent-based or a rehabilitation-based MI intervention and [2] MI interventions described in sufficient detail to be reproduced. Articles focussed on vaccinations, child abuse and neglect, mental health, or technology-based MI were excluded. Data regarding MI interventions and strategies were extracted from included articles. A total of 1130 unique titles were screened and 150 full-text articles were assessed for inclusion. Nineteen articles met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Using a collaborative, consensus-based approach, a parent-based MI intervention incorporating specific MI strategies identified in the review was developed in collaboration with a psychologist. Future research exploring the application of this parent-based MI intervention is indicated. The parent-based MI interventions developed in this project may help to increase parental adherence to home-based early power mobility programs, thereby potentially addressing an identified barrier to implementation of early power mobility programs. To our knowledge, this is the first study to develop MI scripts for the purpose of increasing parental/caregiver adherence to a power mobility training program for children. The MI interventions developed in this study are consistent with published suggestions to address perceived barriers to the implementation of early power mobility programs. Given the strategies of collaboration, autonomy, and empowerment embedded within the spirit of MI, parent-based MI interventions are congruous with and inclusive of the principles of family-centered care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]