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187 results on '"Xu, Chenyu"'

37. GHCU, a Molecular Chaperone, Regulates Leaf Curling by Modulating the Distribution of KNGH1 in Cotton.

Author

Zang, Yihao, Xu, Chenyu, Yu, Lishan, Ma, Longen, Xuan, Lisha, Yan, Sunyi, Zhang, Yayao, Cao, Yiwen, Li, Xiaoran, Si, Zhanfeng, Deng, Jieqiong, Zhang, Tianzhen, and Hu, Yan

Subjects
*MOLECULAR chaperones, *COTTON, *PLANT breeding, *GENE mapping, *CARRIER proteins, *AUXIN
Abstract

Leaf shape is considered to be one of the most significant agronomic traits in crop breeding. However, the molecular basis underlying leaf morphogenesis in cotton is still largely unknown. In this study, through genetic mapping and molecular investigation using a natural cotton mutant cu with leaves curling upward, the causal gene GHCU is successfully identified as the key regulator of leaf flattening. Knockout of GHCU or its homolog in cotton and tobacco using CRISPR results in abnormal leaf shape. It is further discovered that GHCU facilitates the transport of the HD protein KNOTTED1‐like (KNGH1) from the adaxial to the abaxial domain. Loss of GHCU function restricts KNGH1 to the adaxial epidermal region, leading to lower auxin response levels in the adaxial boundary compared to the abaxial. This spatial asymmetry in auxin distribution produces the upward‐curled leaf phenotype of the cu mutant. By analysis of single‐cell RNA sequencing and spatiotemporal transcriptomic data, auxin biosynthesis genes are confirmed to be expressed asymmetrically in the adaxial‐abaxial epidermal cells. Overall, these findings suggest that GHCU plays a crucial role in the regulation of leaf flattening through facilitating cell‐to‐cell trafficking of KNGH1 and hence influencing the auxin response level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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38. Nicotine induced ototoxicity in rat cochlear organotypic cultures

Author

Zhao Yi, Liang Yue, Pan Chunchen, Tang Xiaomin, Sun Yuxuan, Xu Chenyu, Sun Jiaqiang, and Sun Jingwu

Subjects
nicotine, cochlea, hair cells, ototoxicity, organotypic culture, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Epidemiological evidence has shown that smoking is associated with an increased risk of hearing loss. However, the underlying mechanisms regarding the impact of nicotine on the cochlea remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effects of nicotine on cochlear cells using cultured cochlear basilar membranes. Cochlear basilar membranes were isolated from newborn rats, cultured, and treated with 1–100 ng/mL nicotine for 48 h. Cuticular plates and stereocilia bundle staining were used to evaluate hair cell (HC) loss. Spiral ganglion neuron and acoustic nerve fiber staining were assessed to evaluate cochlear neural injury. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy imaging were employed to examine cochlear ultrastructural changes. Our results showed that compared to spiral ganglia and nerve fibers, HCs are more susceptible to nicotine-induced toxicity. HC loss was more severe in the basal turn than in the middle and apical turns, while nerve fibers and spiral ganglion cells were morphologically maintained. Ultrastructural changes revealed disordered and damaged stereocilia, swelling and decreased mitochondrial density, swelling, and degranulation of the endoplasmic reticulum. Our results suggest that nicotine causes HCs’ degeneration and loss and may have implications for smoking-related hearing loss.

Published
2021
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46. Unraveling active sites regulation and temperature-dependent thermodynamic mechanism in photothermocatalytic CO2 conversion with H2O.

Author

Zhang, Li, Li, Changqi, Liu, Yan, Xu, Chenyu, and Zhang, Yanwei

Subjects
TRANSITION metal oxides, METAL clusters, CATALYST supports, TRANSITION metals, TEMPERATURE effect, CHEMICAL reactions
Abstract

In the photothermal synergistic catalytic conversion of CO2 and H2O, the catalyst harnesses solar energy to accumulate heat, thereby elevating the reaction system's temperature. The influence of this temperature effect on surface chemical reactions remains an underexplored area. Here the impact of temperature on the surface-level thermodynamic reactions and conversion of CO2 with H2O on oxide semiconductors at the atomic scale was investigated using first-principle calculations. 13 different metal oxides and 5 transition metal clusters were used to introduce surface functional sites on the TiO2 supporting catalyst. The potential metal oxide cocatalysts that could be most beneficial to the following conversion of CO2 by H2O were initially screened by calculating the degrees of promotion of CO2 adsorption and activation of surface H to provide protons. The proton donation and hydrogen evolution difficulty from H2O were further analyzed, identifying transition metal cocatalysts that promote direct CO2 hydrogenation. Upon introducing bifunctional sites to facilitate adsorption and reduction, the production of CH3OH and CH4 could be further enhanced through the facilitation of the proton donation process of H2O. The results of Gibbs free-energy calculations revealed that increasing temperature enhances the reaction thermodynamics for each C1 product formation at different surface sites to varying degrees. These findings offer valuable theoretical insights for designing and regulating active sites on oxide semiconductor surfaces for efficient photothermal catalytic CO2 reduction by H2O. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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