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2. Higher Education Collaboration in North America: A Review of the Past and a Potential Agenda for the Future. Working Paper. North America 2.0: Forging a Continental Future
- Author
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Wilson Center, García, Fernando León, Alcocer, Sergio M., Eighmy, Taylor, and Ono, Santa J.
- Abstract
When the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) came into fruition in the early 1990s, there were high hopes and expectations on what this emerging economic block could achieve. Although the agreement involved extensive conversations that led to regulations that facilitated trade across the region--the main intent of NAFTA--the same was not true for the higher education environment. Critics have argued that NAFTA's heavy focus on trade left little room for similar harmonization on issues like higher education. From this perspective, it is evident that if efforts to improve higher education are to gain traction in the trilateral relationship, they must be linked with regional trade and competitiveness. Yet even though NAFTA was not the vehicle for further cooperation on higher education, colleges and universities across Canada, Mexico, and the United States did embrace the opportunity and enthusiastically engaged in conversations that prompted trilateral collaboration. This article follows the key agreements that influenced and guided the early stages of NAFTA collaboration among higher education institutions, as well as developments that kept engagement across the three countries active. It also provides an initial list of areas in which future collaboration might focus. [The report was published in partnership with the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. This working paper will be published as a chapter in the forthcoming book, "North America 2.0: Forging a Continental Future."]
- Published
- 2021
3. Simultaneous and Comparable Numerical Indicators of International, National and Local Collaboration Practices in English-Medium Astrophysics Research Papers
- Author
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Méndez, David I. and Alcaraz, M. Ángeles
- Abstract
Introduction: We report an investigation on collaboration practices in research papers published in the most prestigious English-medium astrophysics journals. Method: We propose an evaluation method based on three numerical indicators to study and compare, in absolute terms, three different types of collaboration (international, national and local) and authors' mobility on the basis of co-authorship. Analysis: We analysed 300 randomly selected research papers in three different time periods and used the student's t-test to determine whether the paired two-sample differences observed were statistically significant or not. Results: International collaboration is more common than national and local collaboration. International, national and local authors' mobility and intra-national collaboration do not seriously affect the indicators of the principal levels of collaboration. International collaboration and authors' mobility are more relevant for authors publishing in European journals, whereas national and intra-national collaboration and national mobility are more important for authors publishing in US journals. Conclusions: We explain the observed differences and patterns in terms of the specific scope of each journal and the socio-economic and political situation in both geographic contexts (Europe and the USA). Our study provides a global picture of collaboration practices in astrophysics and its possible application to many other sciences and fields would undoubtedly help bring into focus the really big issues for overall research management and policy.
- Published
- 2016
4. Complicating Notions of 'Scholar-Activist' in a Global Context: A Discussion Paper
- Author
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Tilley, Susan A. and Taylor, Leanne
- Abstract
The language of "scholar-activist" has made its way into academic discourse over the last few decades. Historically a divide has existed between academics situated in the university and activists working within and across communities. This discussion paper addresses challenges scholars face when doing activist work within their institutional and community settings and on an international level. We explore the ways in which "scholar-activism" has been taken up in the academy and how it is shaped by local and global contexts. Specifically, we discuss the factors that influence the work of those claiming to be scholar-activists who are interested in working for social change. We suggest that if scholar-activists are to maintain respectful relationships across individual and community differences, we must first negotiate how we may be differently positioned in terms of privilege, power, resources, race, identity, history of colonialism, and personal and national identity. We hope that this discussion paper will generate dialogue among our international colleagues about the possibilities of shifting beyond our local contexts to work respectfully, cross-culturally and to create global partnerships. Ultimately, we question how we can work with our global partners to build a basic and productive foundation upon which we might engage scholar-activism and contribute to creating social and institutional change.
- Published
- 2014
5. Framework for ethical international academic partnerships in family medicine: The Besrour Papers: a series on the state of family medicine in Canada and Brazil.
- Author
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Godard B, Giard J, Ponka D, and Rouleau K
- Subjects
- Brazil, Canada, Global Health, Humans, Interinstitutional Relations, Leadership, Social Responsibility, Decision Making ethics, Family Practice, International Cooperation, Universities
- Abstract
Objective: To develop an ethical framework for collaboration in international academic partnerships in family medicine., Composition of the Committee: A subgroup of the Besrour Centre of the College of Family Physicians of Canada including family medicine and bioethics experts began to collaborate in 2014 to undertake the development of an ethical framework and tools for the establishment of ethically sound international academic partnerships., Methods: Following 2 consultative workshops and a wider consultation process with the Besrour Centre global community, the authors developed an ethical framework and tools for approval by the Besrour Centre leadership in November 2017., Report: Partnerships are essential to family practice and to the field of international development. The flawed nature of many North-South research partnerships underlines the importance of and need for delineating core principles for ethically sound partnerships, of which 10 have been identified in this process: accountability, cost and efficiencies, excellence, equity, humility, justice, leadership, reciprocity, respect for self-determination, and transparency. Based on these principles, a decision-making framework was created to translate these values into actions and to promote a cohesive and transparent structure for discussions. Fostering fairness, transparency, and consistency in decision making reduces the potential for inequity in a partnership, leading to lasting relationships that endure beyond the scope of a partnership agreement., (Copyright© the College of Family Physicians of Canada.)
- Published
- 2019
6. International Conference on Education and New Developments 2013: Book of Proceedings (June 1-3, Lisbon, Portugal)
- Author
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World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (WIARS) (Portugal) and Carmo, Mafalda
- Abstract
We are delighted to welcome you to the International Conference on Education and New Developments 2013, taking place in Lisbon, Portugal, from 1 to 3 of June. Education, in a global sense, is a right since we are born. Every experience has a formative effect on the constitution of the human being, in the way one thinks, feels and acts. One of the most important contributions resides in what and how we learn through the improvement of educational processes, both in formal and informal settings. Our International Conference seeks to provide some answers and explore the processes, actions, challenges and outcomes of learning, teaching and human development. Our goal is to offer a worldwide connection between teachers, students, researchers and lecturers, from a wide range of academic fields, interested in exploring and giving their contribution in educational issues We take pride in having been able to connect and bring together academics, scholars, practitioners and others interested in a field that is fertile in new perspectives, ideas and knowledge. We counted on an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, which can supplement our view of the human essence and behavior, showing the impact of their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. This is, certainly, one of the reasons we have many nationalities and cultures represented, inspiring multi-disciplinary collaborative links, fomenting intellectual encounter and development. END 2013 received over more 267 submissions, from 35 different countries, reviewed by a double-blind process. Submissions were prepared to take form of Oral Presentations, Posters, Virtual Presentations, Workshops and Round Table. The conference also includes a keynote presentation from an internationally distinguished researcher Professor Peter Jarvis Emeritus Professor at the University of Surrey, UK, to whom we express our most gratitude. This volume is composed by the proceedings of the International Conference on Education and New Developments (END 2013), organized by the World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (W.I.A.R.S.) and co-sponsored by the respected partners we reference in the dedicated page. This conference addressed different categories inside the Education area and papers are expected to fit broadly into one of the named themes and sub-themes. To develop the conference program we have chosen four main broad-ranging categories, which also covers different interest areas: (1) In TEACHERS AND STUDENTS: Teachers and Staff training and education; Educational quality and standards; Curriculum and Pedagogy; Vocational education and Counseling; Ubiquitous and lifelong learning; Training programs and professional guidance; Teaching and learning relationship; Student affairs (learning, experiences and diversity; Extra-curricular activities; Assessment and measurements in Education. (2) In PROJECTS AND TRENDS: Pedagogic innovations; Challenges and transformations in Education; Technology in teaching and learning; Distance Education and eLearning; Global and sustainable developments for Education; New learning and teaching models; Multicultural and (inter)cultural communications; Inclusive and Special Education; Rural and indigenous Education; Educational projects. (3) In TEACHING AND LEARNING: Educational foundations; Research and development methodologies; Early childhood and Primary Education; Secondary Education; Higher Education; Science and technology Education; Literacy, languages and Linguistics (TESL/TEFL); Health Education; Religious Education; Sports Education. (4) In ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES: Educational policy and leadership; Human Resources development; Educational environment; Business, Administration, and Management in Education; Economics in Education; Institutional accreditations and rankings; International Education and Exchange programs; Equity, social justice and social change; Ethics and values; Organizational learning and change. The proceedings contain the results of the research and developments conducted by authors who focused on what they are passionate about: to promote growth in research methods intimately related to teaching, learning and applications in Education nowadays. It includes an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, who will extend our view in exploring and giving their contribution in educational issues, by sharing with us their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. (Individual papers contain references.)
- Published
- 2013
7. Preparation for Work: Reflections on Developing an International Indigenous Field Trip
- Author
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Mukuria, Valentine
- Abstract
This paper presents reflections on an international field trip for Indigenous students enrolled in an Education degree at a university in Australia. The field trip was co-developed with staff, students, and community partners of a Canadian university, as a pilot project to prepare Indigenous students for work in various cultural contexts. This paper outlines considerations for planning and coordinating an international career development opportunity, from inception to completion. Successes and failures of the program are discussed, recognizing the pitfalls that plague many well-intentioned program developments. The paper then argues for an intentional and generative approach in co-developing and co-delivering international learning experiences. Finally, it offers reflections on the need for more explicit alignment between academic outcomes and career aspirations, supporting students to articulate knowledge and skills acquired to translate them into the world of work.
- Published
- 2022
8. Cross-Cultural Mentoring: A Pathway to Building Professional Relationships and Professional Learning beyond Boundaries
- Author
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DeWaard, Helen and Chavhan, Rekha
- Abstract
This paper offers insight from an informal cross-cultural mentoring experience of course development in higher education framed by the UNESCO Chair on Open Technologies for Open Educational Resources and Open Learning project. The Open Education for a Better World is a tuition-free international online mentoring program established to unlock the potential of open education in achieving the United Nation Sustainable Development Goals. Drawing from mentor/protégé conversations and reflections and examining the experiences of mentoring in the development of an online course for Indian teacher education faculty development, the authors illuminate a pathway toward building professional relationships and professional learning beyond borders and boundaries. This paper describes how mentorship can develop digital competencies foundational for transferring tacit knowledge about planning, designing, recording, implementing, and evaluating teaching and learning in education. Explicit knowledge-building for professional learning within a supportive mentoring relationship is explored.
- Published
- 2020
9. Developing Global-Ready Graduates: The CANEU-COOP Experience
- Author
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McRae, Norah, Ramji, Karima, Lu, Linghong, and Lesperance, Mary
- Abstract
Post-secondary institutions spend considerable resources on programs, such as study abroad and international work-integrated learning, which involve students' participation in international experiences. One significant impetus for these programs is the hope that through exposing students to international settings these students will be better prepared to be successful in global workplaces upon graduation, in essence be more "global-ready". However, simply having an international experience does not necessarily lead to the development of capabilities that result in global workplace success. In addition to the knowledge, skills and abilities required for any workplace, being successful in these global workplaces also requires intercultural effectiveness. This paper presents the findings of a study that examined the development of cultural intelligence (CQ), the ability to be effective in intercultural encounters, in students participating in a Canadian-European exchange program (CANEU-COOP) where the European students had a study term in Canada and the Canadian students had a co-op work term in Europe. The study found that while both groups of students developed CQ, there were differences between the groups. These findings reaffirm the importance of intentionally structuring international experiences to include curriculum about and assessment of intercultural effectiveness. [Paper presented at the World Association for Cooperative and Work-Integrated Education, International Research Symposium on Cooperative and Work-Integrated Education, (2nd, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, 2016).]
- Published
- 2016
10. Teaching Global Citizenship: A Teacher Reflects on a Learning-Teaching Event and Implications for Global Citizenship Education
- Author
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Kornelsen, Lloyd
- Abstract
In narrative style, this paper looks at how a particular teaching-learning event, a meeting in 2003 between Canadian high school students and their Costa Rican host families in Pedrogosso, Costa Rica, unveils pedagogies of global citizenship. By interweaving insights obtained from scholars of education, experiences of students, and reflections by teachers, the author shows how learning for world citizenship often happens in unexpected and unscripted circumstances, when teachers are absent--although, not without responsibility.
- Published
- 2022
11. The Internationalization of Post-Secondary Education in Manitoba: A Critique of Two Government Policy Approaches, 1999 - 2021
- Author
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Browning, Kimberly and Elnagar, Abdelhady
- Abstract
International education has become a policy sector of increasing importance to the Canadian province of Manitoba. Provincial governments with opposing political ideologies can impact international education policy differently. Using narratives as an analytical framework, we identify themes by examining the approaches taken to the international post-secondary education (PSE) sector in Manitoba under the last two governments that held office. The analysis reveals that while both governments' policies are underpinned by neoliberalism reflecting the economic benefits of international student recruitment and retention, key differences are identified. While cultural diversity and global understanding, policy coordination and collaboration, associated leadership, strategy, and a regulatory framework were important components of international PSE policy, there has been a discernible shift towards an austerity agenda, free market policies, and a reconceptualization of international PSE as an immigration-focused policy. The paper concludes that the current government's focus on labour markets and immigration when it comes to international PSE means that other aspects of internationalization are little understood and supported.
- Published
- 2022
12. Exploring Cross-Cultural Perspectives of Teacher Leadership among the Members of an International Research Team: A Phenomenographic Study
- Author
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Arden, Catherine and Okoko, Janet Mola
- Abstract
This paper reports a phenomenographic study exploring diverse understandings and experiences of teacher leadership among 12 members of the International Study of Teacher Leadership research team comprised of 20 academics located in 10 countries. Mind mapping and semi-structured, online interviews were used to explore the ways that the participants related with the phenomenon of interest: 'teacher leadership'. Phenomenographic analysis of interview artefacts revealed nine qualitatively different conceptions of teacher leadership in the study's outcome space across three broad domains: A: The school, school community and formal education system; B: The teacher leader's professional self; C: The broader historical, socio-political and global contexts of teacher leadership. In addition to providing a 'touchstone' for the team's ongoing research, these findings serve as an experiential framework for thinking about teacher leadership, potentially encouraging more inclusive, more complete and richer understandings of the phenomenon.
- Published
- 2021
13. Publications Output: U.S. Trends and International Comparisons. Science & Engineering Indicators 2020. NSB-2020-6
- Author
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National Science Foundation, National Science Board and White, Karen
- Abstract
This report presents data on peer-reviewed S&E journals and conference proceedings reflecting the rapidly expanding volume of research activity, the involvement and scientific capabilities different countries, and the expanding research ecosystem demonstrated through international collaborations. Publication output grew about 4% annually over the past 10 years. China and India grew more than the world average, while the United States and European Union grew less than the world average. Research papers from the United States and EU countries had higher impact scores. International collaborations have increased over the past 10 years. [SRI International, Center for Innovation Strategy and Policy assisted with report preparation.]
- Published
- 2019
14. END 2015: International Conference on Education and New Developments. Conference Proceedings (Porto, Portugal, June 27-29, 2015)
- Author
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World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (WIARS) (Portugal) and Carmo, Mafalda
- Abstract
We are delighted to welcome you to the International Conference on Education and New Developments 2015-END 2015, taking place in Porto, Portugal, from 27 to 29 of June. Education, in our contemporary world, is a right since we are born. Every experience has a formative effect on the constitution of the human being, in the way one thinks, feels and acts. One of the most important contributions resides in what and how we learn through the improvement of educational processes, both in formal and informal settings. Our International Conference seeks to provide some answers and explore the processes, actions, challenges and outcomes of learning, teaching and human development. Our goal is to offer a worldwide connection between teachers, students, researchers and lecturers, from a wide range of academic fields, interested in exploring and giving their contribution in educational issues. We take pride in having been able to connect and bring together academics, scholars, practitioners and others interested in a field that is fertile in new perspectives, ideas and knowledge. We counted on an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, which can supplement our view of the human essence and behavior, showing the impact of their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. This is, certainly, one of the reasons we have many nationalities and cultures represented, inspiring multi-disciplinary collaborative links, fomenting intellectual encounter and development. END 2015 received 528 submissions, from 63 different countries, reviewed by a double-blind process. Submissions were prepared to take form as Oral Presentations, Posters, Virtual Presentations and Workshops. It was accepted for presentation in the conference, 176 submissions (33% acceptance rate). The conference also includes a keynote presentation from an internationally distinguished researcher, Professor Dr. Martin Braund, Adjunct Professor at Cape Peninsula University of Technology in Cape Town, South Africa and Honorary Fellow in the Department of Education at the University of York, UK, to whom we express our most gratitude. This volume is composed by the proceedings of the International Conference on Education and New Developments (END 2015), organized by the World Institute for Advanced Research and Science (W.I.A.R.S.) and had the help of our respected media partners that we reference in the dedicated page. This conference addressed different categories inside the Education area and papers are expected to fit broadly into one of the named themes and sub-themes. To develop the conference program we have chosen four main broad-ranging categories, which also cover different interest areas: (1) In TEACHERS AND STUDENTS: Teachers and Staff training and education; Educational quality and standards; Curriculum and Pedagogy; Vocational education and Counseling; Ubiquitous and lifelong learning; Training programs and professional guidance; Teaching and learning relationship; Student affairs (learning, experiences and diversity); Extra-curricular activities; Assessment and measurements in Education. (2) In PROJECTS AND TRENDS: Pedagogic innovations; Challenges and transformations in Education; Technology in teaching and learning; Distance Education and eLearning; Global and sustainable developments for Education; New learning and teaching models; Multicultural and (inter)cultural communications; Inclusive and Special Education; Rural and indigenous Education; Educational projects. (3) In TEACHING AND LEARNING: Educational foundations; Research and development methodologies; Early childhood and Primary Education; Secondary Education; Higher Education; Science and technology Education; Literacy, languages and Linguistics (TESL/TEFL); Health Education; Religious Education; Sports Education. (4) In ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES: Educational policy and leadership; Human Resources development; Educational environment; Business, Administration, and Management in Education; Economics in Education; Institutional accreditations and rankings; International Education and Exchange programs; Equity, social justice and social change; Ethics and values; Organizational learning and change. The proceedings contain the results of the research and developments conducted by authors who focused on what they are passionate about: to promote growth in research methods intimately related to teaching, learning and applications in Education nowadays. It includes an extensive variety of contributors and presenters, who will extend our view in exploring and giving their contribution in educational issues, by sharing with us their different personal, academic and cultural experiences. (Individual papers contain references.)
- Published
- 2015
15. A Team-Based Collaboration Used for the Development of Transnational Online Distance Education Courses
- Author
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Crowley, Chris, Chen, Hailan, and Cerver, Mercé Gisbert
- Abstract
Using a team-based course development approach, the University of British Columbia collaborated with the Asia-Pacific Network for Sustainable Forest Management and Rehabilitation (APFNet) and universities from Australia, the Philippines, Malaysia, China, and Canada to design and develop six transnational, online, distance-education courses covering diverse topics such as sustainable forest policy, international dialogues in global forestry issues and forest restoration. The team-based approach is commonly used in online course development to form a cost-effective managerial and development team that manages timelines, coordinates solutions, and oversees budgets, all of which are particularly challenging for an international collaboration among universities across the Asia-Pacific region, due to cultural differences and variations in teaching and learning practices. This paper gives an overview of the design and development of transnational, online, distance-education courses, and the results of a pilot study that put the completed courses through an in-house, evidence-based quality enhancement rubric and a written survey reporting the leading professors' satisfaction with the project management and instructional design services. The quality enhancement rubric showed that the course designs were of high quality and the written survey revealed that the subject matter experts were satisfied overall. However, many improvements were suggested and could be implemented to improve the quality of course design, and the collaboration in orientating subject matter experts to the team-based development process, and in implementing best practices for online course design.
- Published
- 2018
16. A Program Overview with Emphasis upon Cooperative Arrangements with the Canadian National Institute for the Blind.
- Author
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Library of Congress, Washington, DC. National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped. and Cylke, Frank Kurt
- Abstract
This report describes activities of the talking-book program of the National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped (NLS) of the Library of Congress, with emphasis on activities conducted in cooperation with the Canadian National Institute for the Blind (CNIB) library program. First, the overall NLS program in the U.S. which circulates more than 23 million items and produces 2 million recordings of 2,000 print books a year as well as audio magazines and braille magazines is described. The paper reviews the history of the service since 1931, its collection, the equipment the library has designed and lends to eligible readers, and the library's distribution network. The report then details Canada/U.S. cooperative activities in the following areas: sale of audio/braille books; sale of audio/braille magazines; purchase of CNIB books by NLS; sale of audiocassette containers; maintenance of a Union Catalog of special-format books; development of a Birdsong Tutor program; development of the Reader Enrollment and Delivery System program; development of a "train the trainer" volunteer repair program; relationships between the Braille Departments of both institutions; the convening of an international conference; cooperation on advisory/technical committees; development of Friends of Libraries programs; and cooperation on copyright issues. (DB)
- Published
- 1996
17. Higher Education Collective Bargaining: Beyond the Boundaries. Proceedings of the Annual Conference (23rd, New York, NY, April 24-25, 1995).
- Author
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City Univ. of New York, NY. Bernard Baruch Coll. National Center for the Study of Collective Bargaining in Higher Education and the Professions., Annunziato, Frank R., Johnson, Beth H., Annunziato, Frank R., Johnson, Beth H., and City Univ. of New York, NY. Bernard Baruch Coll. National Center for the Study of Collective Bargaining in Higher Education and the Professions.
- Abstract
This collection of 17 papers addresses current issues related to collective bargaining in higher education and the professions. The papers include: (1) "The American Academic Model Abroad" (Irwin H. Polishook); (2) "The European Perspective" (Gerd Kohler); (3) "Economic Integration in the North American Region: Implications for Higher Education" (Hugo Aboites); (4) "The Revolution Is Being Televised: Distance Education and the University of Maine System" (Samuel J. D'Amico); (5) "Threats to Tenure: Rhetoric and Reality" (Mary Alice Burgan); (6) "Union Activism: The Response to Regression" (Solomon Barkin); (7) "Public Higher Education Funding in the Jaws of Balanced Budget Conservatism" (William E. Scheuerman and Sidney Plotkin); (8) "Funding Higher Education in a Global Economy" (Christine Maitland); (9) "Fiscal Realities in Higher Education" (Gordon K. Davies); (10) "Dealing with Sexual Harassment in the Academic Environment" (Cynthia Adams); (11) "Sexual Harassment and Academic Freedom: A Faculty Union Perspective" (Judith Anderson); (12) "Sexual Harassment and Academic Freedom" (Ralph S. Brown); (13) "Faculty Collective Bargaining at Historically Black Colleges and Universities" (Stephen L. Finner and Marcella A. Copes); (14) "The Changing Nature of Professionalism: The Case of the Police" (Barbara Raffel Price); (15) "Campus Bargaining and the Law: The Management Perspective" (Susan L. Lipsitz); (16) "Campus Bargaining and the Law: The AAUP's Perspective" (Ann H. Franke); and (17) "Employer Militancy in Professional Sports" (Ira Berkow and Eugene Orza). (MDM)
- Published
- 1995
18. Visions and Revisions for the 21st Century. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Commission of Professors of Adult Education (Dallas, Texas, November 19-21, 1993).
- Author
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Commission of Professors of Adult Education. and Greenland, Annette
- Abstract
These proceedings contain the papers presented during the opening and closing panels of the 1993 annual conference of the Commission of Professors of Adult Education (CPAE) as well as reports from the five special interest groups (SIGs) that met during the conference. The following papers/reports are included: "Opening Session: Introductory Remarks" (Brockett); "Tribute to Paul Bergevin" (Stubblefield); "Developing Support for Adult Education Programs on the University Campus: Setting the Stage for the General Session Panel" (Quigley); panel discussion (Caffarella, Sisco, Kasworm, Garrison, Hiemstra); "Life at the Margins: Post-Conference Reflections on the Opening Panel" (Quigley); "Our Past, New Visions, New Directions: Framing the Closing Panel" (Courtenay); "Alternative Ways of Addressing Change in Adult Education: An Engagement in Polyrhythmic Discourse" (Sheared); "Seven 'Excellent Ideas' for Rebuilding the Intellectual Vitality of Adult Education" (Hemphill); "Some Comments on the Crises of Academic Adult Education" (Schied); "Adult Educators: Outspoken and Visible?" (Guy); "Our Past, New Visions, New Directions: Observations and Thoughts on the Closing Panel on Strengthening Graduate Departments" (Blunt); "The Future of Adult Education Research: Beyond the Paradigm Wars and Intra-Disciplinary" (Blunt); "Final Comment: Closing Session of the 1993 Conference" (Brockett). The following SIG reports are also included: "Critical Theory Special Interest Group" (Guy); "Human Resource Development Special Interest Group"; "International Special Interest Group" (McIntosh, Bersch); and "Research and Theory Building Special Interest Group" (Ferro). The activities of the instructional improvement SIG are summarized in the following reports: "Textbook Authors--Preaching or Practice?" (Polson) and "Approaches to Developing Critical Reflection" (Brookfield). Concluding the proceedings is a list of conference participants. Appended are the 1993 annual report of doctorates conferred in adult education (compiled by Lund and Mason) and the following reports: "Strengthening University Support for Adult Education Graduate Programs" (Knox et al.); "Summary of Interviews with CPAE Institutions" (Quigley); and "Strengthening University Support for Adult Education Graduate Programs: Western Canadian Perspectives" (Sork). (MN)
- Published
- 1993
19. Discursive Inconvenience: The Dis/Appearing Rhetoric of LGBT Rights in Post-Secondary Internationalization Texts
- Author
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Jubas, Kaela
- Abstract
This paper outlines a preliminary document analysis of the intersection of two prominent discourses in the Western public academy: equity and internationalization. Particular dilemmas arise for people who self-identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender (LGBT). These dilemmas, I propose, exemplify impacts of the neoliberal compulsion to let financial costs and benefits drive change. After explaining the globalizing discourses of LGBT rights and internationalization, I use texts from my home university to illustrate the implications of their convergence for post-secondary institutions and the LGBT people who work and study within them.
- Published
- 2015
20. Cross-Border Higher Education Institutions in Mainland China: A Developmental Perspective
- Author
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Wu, Mei and Li, Shengbing
- Abstract
Cross-border higher education institutions are considered a main way to fulfill the educational internalization in Mainland China; to some extent they represent the attitude of entering the international market. In this paper, the history, status quo, and future of Chinese-foreign cooperatively-run schools are analyzed and discussed. Cross-border higher education institutions in Mainland China have experienced the process from accidental and disorder to a systematic and quality orientation.
- Published
- 2015
21. Open Educational Resources in Canada 2015
- Author
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McGreal, Rory, Anderson, Terry, and Conrad, Dianne
- Abstract
Canada's important areas of expertise in open educational resources (OER) are beginning to be built upon or replicated more broadly in all education and training sectors. This paper provides an overview of the state of the art in OER initiatives and open higher education in general in Canada, providing insights into what is happening nationally and provincially. There are growing examples of OER initiatives from several Canadian institutions offering free courses to Canadians and international learners. National open education initiatives include the federal government's Open Data pilot project and the Council of Ministers of Education of Canada (CMEC) support for the Open Educational Resource Paris Declaration, as well as Creative Commons Canada. Regionally, the western provinces of British Columbia and Alberta are supporting OER as part of major open education initiatives.
- Published
- 2015
22. An International Knowledge Building Network for Sustainable Curriculum and Pedagogical Innovation
- Author
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Laferrière, Thérèse, Law, Nancy, and Montané, Mireia
- Abstract
This paper presents the results of the first phase (2007-2009) of a design experiment, the Knowledge Building International Project (KBIP), in which K-12 teachers from several countries collaborate as a loosely coupled network of networks with a common goal--to implement technology-supported knowledge building jointly across their classrooms. There was a visible increase in agency at all levels of the network: students, teachers and school senior management, resulting in deepening levels of pedagogical innovation over time, as well as changes in governance in response to the innovation as a result of self-organization. These are emergent features characteristic of complex systems that cannot be explained by a traditional model of change as diffusion. This study adopts Banathy's dimensions for systemic educational design to identify the key features of the sociotechnical design that nurture and sustain the innovations upon which these teachers embarked within and beyond their own schools.
- Published
- 2012
23. The Influence of Overseas Examples on DES Policy-Making for the School System in England, 1985-1995
- Author
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Smith, George and Exley, Sonia
- Abstract
Claims are often made in British education about the extent to which policy reforms have been "borrowed" from overseas. Based on interviews with senior civil servants and HMI, this paper addresses the extent to which such claims apply to central government educational policy-making at school level in England between 1985 and 1995. This was a period which saw the collapse of traditional "partnership" modes of educational reform (central and local government, schools, teachers, educationists), which was replaced by major centrally directed legislation from Kenneth Baker's 1988 Education Reform Act onwards. It was also a period in which the OECD promoted the use of educational "performance indicators" to facilitate cross-national comparisons of educational quality. The paper finds that, while overseas developments were frequently cited during this period of radical legislative change, these were largely convenient examples from countries with particular ideological closeness to the English climate, promoted by "New Right" think tanks, to lend legitimacy to what were primarily "home grown" policy solutions. Overall, their effect was marginal. Reforms in England took place both prior to and in parallel with similar reforms elsewhere; hence examples from overseas were more often used to confirm developments in England rather than to initiate them. (Contains 37 notes.)
- Published
- 2006
24. Partnerships for Knowledge Building: An Emerging Model
- Author
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Laferriere, Therese, Montane, Mireia, Gros, Begona, Alvarez, Isabel, Bernaus, Merce, Breuleux, Alain, Allaire, Stephane, Hamel, Christine, and Lamon, Mary
- Abstract
Knowledge Building is approached in this study from an organizational perspective, with a focus on the nature of school-university-government partnerships to support research-based educational innovation. The paper starts with an overview of what is known about effective partnerships and elaborates a conceptual framework for Knowledge Building partnerships based on a review of literature and two case studies of school-university-government partnerships. In one case, a Ministry of Education wanted to bring more vitality into schools of small remote villages, and in the other case another Ministry of Education wanted to renew its school-based international cooperation profile. Emerging from this work is a three-component model for going to scale with Knowledge Building partnerships: Knowledge Building as a shared vision; symmetric knowledge advancement; and multi-level, research-based innovation. Characteristics of, and conditions for, effective partnerships for Knowledge Building are elaborated, and an emerging model is developed to help communities establish effective partnerships and contribute to this evolving model. (Contains 1 figure.)
- Published
- 2010
25. Setting Priorities for Research in the North of Canada.
- Author
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Johnson, Peter
- Abstract
Challenges to formulating research priorities in the Canadian North include: the large number of agencies setting research agendas; poor communication among agencies; low federal commitment to research supporting international protocols and agreements; no political will to promote Canadian leadership in Northern research; inadequate funding for Northern research and training; and the lack of an Arctic university addressing Northern needs. (TD)
- Published
- 2000
26. Building Capacity: The University of the Arctic and Its Northern Canadian Context.
- Author
-
Senkpiel, Aron
- Abstract
A proposed university in the circumpolar North would have undergraduate and graduate programs, be interdisciplinary, collaborate with other Northern countries and universities, and offer a circumpolar course to develop understanding of the Arctic. After many false starts, most components are already in place; all that is needed is determination, money, and organizing. (Contains 13 references.) (TD)
- Published
- 2000
27. Copyright Revision and the University.
- Author
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Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada, Ottawa (Ontario). and Boucher, Pierre-Yves
- Abstract
Proposed revisions of Canada's copyright law are criticized for their failure to address some basic issues of creator's rights, and the academic community's legal responsibility in the infringement of copyrights is discussed. It is argued that the writers of the proposed changes have treated copyrights as property rights without due consideration of relevant cultural, intellectual, and moral issues. The proposed revisions are reviewed, the legislative history of copyright in Canada is chronicled, the definition of copyright is examined, and several of the 137 specific legislative recommendations are used to demonstrate how the users or consumers of copyrighted materials are being ignored in favor of the creators. (MSE)
- Published
- 1987
28. Building Educational Communities: Academic Partnerships in Canada and in the United States.
- Author
-
Stoloff, David L.
- Abstract
This document examines how Ministries/Departments of Education in Canada and the United States build community-ownership of schools. Common and novel strategies for building educational communities are also discussed using Eisler's "gylanic" society paradigm. Individuals within governmental agencies that work at developing collaborative efforts between the different segments of the educational enterprise were identified. Twenty-five respondents from 11 nations commented on a questionnaire about how their governmental agency encourages cooperative efforts. Responses from Canada and the United States are highlighted along with a review of selected literature on educational cooperation and organization in these two neighboring nations. Findings indicate that the departments of education in Canada and in the United States engender cooperation among precollegiate schools through financial support, systemwide standardization of curriculum, and cosponsorship of community programs. Encouragement of school-university cooperation usually proceeds through indirect channels or through short-term, specially funded projects. (10 references) (SI)
- Published
- 1989
29. Using the DACUM Process as an Effective and Efficient Tool in International Technology Transfer Projects.
- Author
-
Lamoureux, Marvin E. and Leeper, Michael J.
- Abstract
Explores two cases of the use of the DACUM (Developing a Curriculum) process in the transfer of technology from Canada to China. Describes the DACUM process and the Transport Systems Training Project that used it, illustrated with three DACUM charts. (JOW)
- Published
- 1996
30. Canada-India Institutional Cooperation Project: International Partnerships in Education.
- Author
-
Yule, Alix
- Abstract
The Canada-India Institutional Cooperation Project (CIICP) is a joint venture by the Association of Canadian Community Colleges and the governments of India and Canada designed to contribute to human resource development in India's polytechnic system. Specifically, the project seeks to develop replicable models of institutional development in 13 pilot polytechnic institutes in southern India to help make these institutions more responsive to the workforce training needs of local industry, businesses, and communities. The approach to human resource development taken by the project is one of learning by doing, with educators learning planning skills by actually planning project activities. Since implementation in September 1991, improvements within the polytechnics have been noted in the areas of strategic planning, management training, staff development activities, continuing education, industry and community interaction, the participation of women, and environmental education. The success of the partnership is attributed to the CIICP partnership strategy, which is based on building effective relationships, joint implementation, the provision of training for participation in the partnership, and the counterpart approach to the implementation of project activities in which every training session is offered jointly by Canadian and Indian partners. The CIICP has been successful in helping the polytechnics improve the quality of education, provide training relevant to community needs, and generate revenue in their communities. In addition, Canadian colleges have gained important linkages with Indian institutions, opportunities to internationalize their campuses, and vast professional development experiences for faculty. (TGI)
- Published
- 1996
31. International Technological Literacy Symposium. Proceedings (Anchorage, Alaska, June 25-26, 1992).
- Author
-
Alaska Univ., Anchorage. and Anchorage School District, AK.
- Abstract
The following papers are included: "Technological Literacy: Pedagogy for a New World Order" (Peter McGregor); "Career and Technology Studies, A Curriculum Model" (Clarence Preitz); "Vocational and Technical Education at Secondary Schools in Taiwan, Republic of China" (James Yu); "Blueprint for Literacy in Technology" (Jerry Balistreri, Douglas Hammer); "Critical Technologies for Economic Growth" (Harry Armen); "Applied Industrial Technology--A Junior High Technology Program" (Jim Fellenberg); "The Blueprint for Literacy in Technology" (Don Bernard); "Technology Education: A Review of the Anchorage Project" (Kendall Starkweather); "Tools for Overcoming Thought Barriers--The Missing Element for Developing Technology Education" (Dietrich Blandow); "Technology Education in Japan" (Shoji Murata, Sam Stern); "Interdisciplinary Technology Programs in the Republic of Peru" (James Yu); and "Business Education Partnerships--A Role in Enhancing Technological Literacy" (Brian Swanson). (NLA)
- Published
- 1992
32. Labor in a Global Economy. Perspectives from the U.S. and Canada. Conference Proceedings (Eugene, Oregon, September 1990).
- Author
-
Oregon Univ., Eugene. Labor Education and Research Center., Hecker, Steven, and Hallock, Margaret
- Abstract
The following papers are included: "Introduction: Labor in a Global Economy" (Hecker, Hallock); "Labor in a Global Economy" (Marshall); "Canadian Labor Strategies for a Global Economy" (Carr); "Recent Developments in the Canadian Political Economy" (Watkins); "Labor and Politics in the U.S. and Canada" (Bernard); "The Political Action Strategy of the Washington State Labor Council" (Kenney); "Restructuring in Industrial Relations and the Role for Labor" (Verma); "Trade, Competition, and Jobs: An Internationalist Strategy" (Dorman); "Labor Alternatives to International Competition" (Donohue); "Challenging the Ethic of Competitiveness: What's at Stake for Labor" (Gerard); "An International Mobilization Strategy" (Cohen); "Mobilizing across Borders: Unions and Multinational Corporations" (Pomeroy); "Expanding Labor's Agenda: Community Coalitions, Capital Strategies, and Economic Development" (Swinney); "Labor Has No Choice But to Play the Capital Strategies Game" (Tusler); "Achieving Authentic Labor Market Flexibility: A North-American Union Perspective" (Marschall); "Australian Union Movement Strategy" (Ogden); "Flexible Labor Markets and Labor Training--An American and International Analysis" (Deutsch); "Flexibility, Job Security, and Labor Market Policy" (Flumian); "The Impact of International Capital on Australian Labor" (Wheelwright); "A Most Un-labourlike Experience--Six Years of a Labour Government in New Zealand and Its Impact on Organized Labor" (Harbridge); "The New Work Force: Management and Labor Strategies" (Nussbaum); "The Contingent Workforce in Canada: Problems and Solutions" (MacPhail); "A Multicultural Framework for Worker Education" (La Luz); "The Politics of Privatization" (Clements); "Fighting Privatization: The British Columbia Experience" (Shields); "The Right to Organize: Labor Law and Its Impact in British Columbia" (Lanyon, Edwards); "Organizing in Canada: Adapting to Changing Conditions" (Oleksiuk); "Organizing Immigrant Workers in the Global Economy" (Quan); "The Deficiency of the Voluntary Compliance Model as a Public Policy Instrument in Workplace Health and Safety in Canada" (Sass); "Occupational Health and Safety Twenty Years after OSHA" (Baker); "Pattern Bargaining in the Pacific Northwest Lumber and Sawmill Industry: 1980-1989" (Widenor); "Pattern Bargaining in the Wood Products Industry in Western Canada" (MacLellan): "Current Issues and Future Strategies for Forest-Product Unions" (Scott); "Paying Too Much, Buying Too Little: U.S. Medical Care on the Critical List" (Schoen); "The Uninsured and Rising Health Care Costs" (Brown); "Health Care: Lessons from Canada" (Schreck, Petrie); and "The Role of the States in Health Care Reform" (Kitzhaber). (YLB)
- Published
- 1991
33. La vulnerabilite de l'universite face aux politiques gouvernementales et la cooperation internationale nord-sud (The Vulnerability of the University in the Face of Governmental Politics and North-South International Cooperation).
- Author
-
Barot, Elisabeth
- Abstract
Cooperation between universities in northern and southern hemispheres in the current economic and geopolitical climate is discussed. The relationship between Canadian universities and the government is chronicled, and mechanisms of international cooperation are analyzed. Certain ethical principles are proposed as a framework for Canadian universities' role in North-South cooperation. (Author/MSE)
- Published
- 1991
34. Interview with Pierre A. Lévy, French Philosopher of Collective Intelligence
- Author
-
Peters, Michael A.
- Abstract
This article features an interview with Pierre A. Lévy, Professor in the Department of Communication, University of Ottawa, Canada. He occupies the Canada Research Chair in Collective Intelligence where he is engaged in research on the design of a universal system for semantic addressing of digital documents. He completed his MA at the Sorbonne and his PhD at Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), Paris. His Habilitation (PhD) was in sciences of information and communication at the Université de Grenoble. Professor Levy studies the concept of collective intelligence and knowledge- based societies. He is a world-leading thinker on "cyberculture" and the author of many books, including "L'intelligence collective" (1994), "Qu'est-ce que le virtuel?" (1995), "Cyberculture" (1997), "World Philosophie" (2000), "Cyberdémocratie" (2002), "La sphère sémantique" (2011), and "The Semantic Sphere" (2011).
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Internationalisation of Canadian Higher Education: Troubling the Notion of Autonomy through an Examination of Policy Actors, Knowledge and Spaces
- Author
-
Viczko, Melody
- Abstract
Internationalisation of higher education has been overwhelmingly embraced by Canadian universities (Beck 2009). Yet, the decentralised nature of higher education institutions, coupled with the absence of a national governing body with responsibility for higher education, creates an interesting terrain for internationalisation. In this paper, I examine the ideas related to internationalisation pursued by one Canadian organisation, the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada (AUCC). Responding to concerns from Canadian institutions and government ministries about their potential exclusion from global markets, the AUCC took a national lead to better acquaint Canadian institutions with the Bologna reforms, declaring an urgent need to respond to the reforms taking place in Europe (AUCC 2008a). I analyse the policy knowledge, spaces and actors involved with internationalisation through the AUCC's interaction with the Bologna Process, to argue that a deeper entangling of universities in the ideational market-based competition embedded in neoliberal reforms has created tensions in how autonomy can be conceived in Canadian higher education.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. An Analysis of International Partnership Programs: The Case of an Historically Disadvantaged Institution in South Africa
- Author
-
Tedrow, Barbara J. and Mabokela, Reitumetse Obakeng
- Abstract
International academic partnerships have the potential to enhance the participating institution's efforts to become actors in the global educational arena. The ability of partnerships to realize their objectives is affected by the relationship that the partner members have with one another and the mutual benefit each receives from the agreement. This article examines the dynamics of an academic partnership between Transformed University an historically disadvantaged institution in the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa and three international partners from the US, Canada, and the European Economic Community. The paper illuminates a variety of factors including history, organizational culture, and globalization forces that affect the success of academic partnerships to reach their stated objectives.
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. The Atlantic Science Curriculum Project in Perspective.
- Author
-
New Brunswick Univ., Fredericton. and McFadden, C.
- Abstract
The Atlantic Science Curriculum Project was launched in 1976 at the Atlantic Institute of Education in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, as a regional initiative. This account of the project provides its aims, its experience, and its lessons for others similarly engaged in the task of improving curriculum and instruction. This paper was written at a time when the Project was changing from a regional initiative to a national and international collaborative effort related to curriculum development and research. (TW)
- Published
- 1987
38. A 'New Partnership' for Indigenous Peoples: Can the United Nations Make a Difference?
- Author
-
Barsh, Russel Lawrence
- Abstract
Reports that, in December 1991, the United Nations General Assembly unanimously agreed to establish "A New Partnership" program to help the world's indigenous peoples. Contends that the "Americanized New World Order" will not last and indigenous peoples will make social and political advances. (CFR)
- Published
- 1993
39. Developing a Canadian Indo-Pacific geopolitical orientation.
- Author
-
MacDonald, Adam and Vance, Carter
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL cooperation ,GEOPOLITICS - Abstract
There is growing consensus that Canada needs to "do more" in the Indo-Pacific region as it becomes the centre of gravity in a changing international landscape—a landscape challenging several traditional assumptions about the nature and configuration of global power which Canadian foreign policy has rested upon for decades, specifically due to the emergence of Sino-American rivalry. It is clear Canada needs a regional approach which is rooted in and better informed by geopolitical considerations, but there remains an absence of analytical frameworks to compare and evaluate alternative approaches. In addressing this void, this paper sketches out and compares four possible orientations Canada could pursue towards the Indo-Pacific region: Minimal Engagement, US-Aligned Confrontation, Regional Multilateralism, and Selective Minilateralism. Remaining agnostic about which one(s) Canada should choose, the paper is designed to highlight the stark trade-offs Canada must increasingly confront as it navigates this uncertain environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. A Health-Based Case against Canadian Arms Transfers to Saudi Arabia.
- Author
-
Ferguson R and Jamal Z
- Subjects
- Canada, Humans, International Law, Saudi Arabia, Human Rights, International Cooperation
- Abstract
Under the Arms Trade Treaty, state parties must assess the extent to which the export of conventional arms might contribute to, inter alia , serious violations of human rights or international humanitarian law. The stated aims of Canada's arms export licensing decision-making process are, similarly, to assess such risks on a case-by-case basis. This paper examines Canada's ongoing arms transfer arrangements with Saudi Arabia in light of health-related international humanitarian and human rights law considerations enumerated in the Arms Trade Treaty. It assesses available information suggesting serious violations that implicate acts of commission by the Saudi-led coalition in the conflict in Yemen. The article centers on questions about the potential health-related consequences of Canadian-made, Saudi-coalition-used arms for people in Yemen and how risks are being assessed in export decision-making processes. Ultimately, it argues that Canada is failing to meaningfully take into account the possible negative impacts of its arms exports on people's health and health care in Yemen. It counters the government's approach to risk, which it argues is serviceable to exporter interests, with a health-based precautionary approach to exports., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (Copyright © 2020 Ferguson and Jamal.)
- Published
- 2020
41. The Lead-up to the Education for All Conference in 1990: Framing the "Global Consensus".
- Author
-
Masemann, Vandra Lea
- Subjects
UNIVERSITIES & colleges ,PROFESSIONAL education ,GLOBAL studies ,EDUCATIONAL equalization ,INTERNATIONAL cooperation ,CONFERENCES & conventions - Abstract
Copyright of Comparative & International Education is the property of Canadian & International Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Strengthening Primary Care Through Family Medicine Around the World Collaborating Toward Promising Practices.
- Author
-
Rouleau K, Bourget M, Chege P, Couturier F, Godoy-Ruiz P, Grand'Maison PH, Henry M, Israel K, Kapoor V, Kurniawan H, Lobo L, Maiga M, Franca SP, Redwood-Campbell L, Rodas J, Sohal R, Wondimagegn D, and Woolard R
- Subjects
- Brazil, Canada, Ethiopia, Haiti, Humans, Indonesia, Kenya, Mali, Qualitative Research, Capacity Building organization & administration, Family Practice organization & administration, International Cooperation, Primary Health Care organization & administration, Program Development methods
- Abstract
Background and Objectives: There is a limited evidentiary base on the development of family medicine in different contexts and countries. The lack of evidence impedes our ability to compare and characterize family medicine models and identify areas of success that have led to the effective provision of care. This paper offers a comparative compilation and analysis of the development of family medicine training programs in seven countries: Brazil, Canada, Ethiopia, Haiti, Indonesia, Kenya, and Mali., Methods: Using qualitative case studies, this paper examines the process of developing family medicine programs, including enabling strategies and barriers, and shared lessons. An appreciative inquiry framework and complex adaptive systems thinking inform our qualitative study., Results: Committed partnerships, the contribution of champions, health policy, and adaptability were identified as key enablers in all seven case studies. The case studies further reveal that some enablers were more salient in certain contexts as compared to others, and that it is the interaction of enablers that is crucial for understanding how and why initiatives succeeded. The barriers that emerged across the seven case studies include: (1) resistance from other medical specialties, (2) lack of resources and capabilities, (3) difficulty in sustaining support of champions, and (4) challenges in brokering effective partnerships., Conclusions: A key insight from this study is that the implementation of family medicine is nonlinear, dynamic, and complex. The findings of this comparative analysis offer insights and strategies that can inform the design and development of family medicine programs elsewhere.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. The road to recovery: Comparing Canada and US recovery strategies for shared endangered species La voie du rétablissement: une comparaison entre les stratégies du Canada et des États-Unis en faveur du rétablissement des espèces partagées en voie de disparition
- Author
-
Olive, Andrea
- Subjects
ECONOMIC recovery ,BUSINESS cycles ,INTERNATIONAL cooperation ,INTERNATIONAL relations - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Geographer is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Carbon Pricing Options for Canada.
- Author
-
Schott, Stephan
- Subjects
GREENHOUSE gas mitigation ,ENVIRONMENTAL policy ,ENERGY industries ,CARBON dioxide mitigation ,CLIMATE change prevention ,EMISSIONS trading ,ENERGY policy ,INTERNATIONAL cooperation - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Public Policy is the property of University of Toronto Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Sino-Canadian collaborations in stem cell research: a scientometric analysis.
- Author
-
Ali-Khan SE, Ray M, McMahon DS, and Thorsteinsdóttir H
- Subjects
- Canada, China, Databases, Factual, Humans, Publications, International Cooperation, Stem Cell Research
- Abstract
Background: International collaboration (IC) is essential for the advance of stem cell research, a field characterized by marked asymmetries in knowledge and capacity between nations. China is emerging as a global leader in the stem cell field. However, knowledge on the extent and characteristics of IC in stem cell science, particularly China's collaboration with developed economies, is lacking., Methods and Findings: We provide a scientometric analysis of the China-Canada collaboration in stem cell research, placing this in the context of other leading producers in the field. We analyze stem cell research published from 2006 to 2010 from the Scopus database, using co-authored papers as a proxy for collaboration. We examine IC levels, collaboration preferences, scientific impact, the collaborating institutions in China and Canada, areas of mutual interest, and funding sources. Our analysis shows rapid global expansion of the field with 48% increase in papers from 2006 to 2010. China now ranks second globally after the United States. China has the lowest IC rate of countries examined, while Canada has one of the highest. China-Canada collaboration is rising steadily, more than doubling during 2006-2010. China-Canada collaboration enhances impact compared to papers authored solely by China-based researchers This difference remained significant even when comparing only papers published in English., Conclusions: While China is increasingly courted in IC by developed countries as a partner in stem cell research, it is clear that it has reached its status in the field largely through domestic publications. Nevertheless, IC enhances the impact of stem cell research in China, and in the field in general. This study establishes an objective baseline for comparison with future studies, setting the stage for in-depth exploration of the dynamics and genesis of IC in stem cell research.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Multifaceted support for a new medical school in Nepal devoted to rural health by a Canadian Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry.
- Author
-
Solez K, Karki A, Rana S, Bjerland H, Cujec B, Aaron S, Morrish D, Walker M, Gowrishankar M, Bamforth F, Satkunam L, Glick N, Stevenson T, Ross S, Dhakal S, Allain D, Konkin J, Zakus D, and Nichols D
- Subjects
- Canada, Capital Financing, Curriculum, Developing Countries, Humans, Nepal, Socioeconomic Factors, Staff Development, Vital Statistics, International Cooperation, Rural Health Services organization & administration, Schools, Medical organization & administration
- Abstract
Nepal and Alberta are literally a world apart. Yet they share a common problem of restricted access to health services in remote and rural areas. In Nepal, urban-rural disparities were one of the main issues in the recent civil war, which ended in 2006. In response to the need for improved health equity in Nepal a dedicated group of Nepali physicians began planning the Patan Academy of Health Sciences (PAHS), a new health sciences university dedicated to the education of rural health providers in the early 2000s. Beginning with a medical school the Patan Academy of Health Sciences uses international help to plan, deliver and assess its curriculum. PAHS developed an International Advisory Board (IAB) attracting international help using a model of broad, intentional recruitment and then on individuals' natural attraction to a clear mission of peace-making through health equity. Such a model provides for flexible recruitment of globally diverse experts, though it risks a lack of coordination. Until recently, the PAHS IAB has not enjoyed significant or formal support from any single international institution. However, an increasing number of the international consultants recruited by PAHS to its International Advisory Board are from the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (UAlberta). The number of UAlberta Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry members involved in the project has risen to fifteen, providing a critical mass for a coordinated effort to leverage institutional support for this partnership. This paper describes the organic growth of the UAlberta group supporting PAHS, and the ways in which it supports a sister institution in a developing nation.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Contributions and challenges of cross-national comparative research in migration, ethnicity and health: insights from a preliminary study of maternal health in Germany, Canada and the UK.
- Author
-
Salway SM, Higginbottom G, Reime B, Bharj KK, Chowbey P, Foster C, Friedrich J, Gerrish K, Mumtaz Z, and O'Brien B
- Subjects
- Canada, Female, Germany, Humans, United Kingdom, Emigration and Immigration, Ethnicity, International Cooperation, Maternal Welfare ethnology, Public Health, Research
- Abstract
Background: Public health researchers are increasingly encouraged to establish international collaborations and to undertake cross-national comparative studies. To-date relatively few such studies have addressed migration, ethnicity and health, but their number is growing. While it is clear that divergent approaches to such comparative research are emerging, public health researchers have not so far given considered attention to the opportunities and challenges presented by such work. This paper contributes to this debate by drawing on the experience of a recent study focused on maternal health in Canada, Germany and the UK., Discussion: The paper highlights various ways in which cross-national comparative research can potentially enhance the rigour and utility of research into migration, ethnicity and health, including by: forcing researchers to engage in both ideological and methodological critical reflexivity; raising awareness of the socially and historically embedded nature of concepts, methods and generated 'knowledge'; increasing appreciation of the need to situate analyses of health within the wider socio-political setting; helping researchers (and research users) to see familiar issues from new perspectives and find innovative solutions; encouraging researchers to move beyond fixed 'groups' and 'categories' to look at processes of identification, inclusion and exclusion; promoting a multi-level analysis of local, national and global influences on migrant/minority health; and enabling conceptual and methodological development through the exchange of ideas and experience between diverse research teams. At the same time, the paper alerts researchers to potential downsides, including: significant challenges to developing conceptual frameworks that are meaningful across contexts; a tendency to reify concepts and essentialise migrant/minority 'groups' in an effort to harmonize across countries; a danger that analyses are superficial, being restricted to independent country descriptions rather than generating integrated insights; difficulties of balancing the need for meaningful findings at country level and more holistic products; and increased logistical complexity and costs., Summary: In view of these pros and cons, the paper encourages researchers to reflect more on the rationale for, feasibility and likely contribution of proposed cross-national comparative research that engages with migration, ethnicity and health and suggests some principles that could support such reflection.
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. [Reluctant partner: Canada's relationship with the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)].
- Author
-
Dmitrienko K
- Subjects
- Canada, History, 20th Century, International Agencies history, Internationality history, Internationality legislation & jurisprudence, Latin America, Global Health, International Cooperation history, International Cooperation legislation & jurisprudence, Pan American Health Organization economics, Pan American Health Organization history, Pan American Health Organization organization & administration
- Abstract
Despite a strong commitment to multilateralism and international health cooperation in the post World War II era, Canada refrained form joining the Pan American Health Organization - PAHO until 1971. Drawing on letters and memos sent between Canadian diplomats and government representatives, this paper explores official Canadian accounts of the factors that delayed Canada's membership in PAHO. These factors include the initial lack of official relations between Canada and Latin America, US hegemony in the region, and budgetary constraints. Canada's cautious position regarding PAHO is also placed within the context of Canada's overall foreign policy to the region, emphasizing the parallels between Canada's reluctant association with PAHO and the evolution of Canada's engagement with the region as a whole.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. [Women's health and the cooperation of Canadian voluntary medical relief workers in Afghanistan].
- Author
-
Ridde V
- Subjects
- Afghanistan, Canada, Child, Community Health Planning, Decision Making, Organizational, Female, Health Services Accessibility, Health Services Needs and Demand, Humans, Internationality, Primary Health Care, Program Development, Quebec, Altruism, Charities organization & administration, Health Priorities, Hospitals, Maternity organization & administration, Hospitals, Pediatric organization & administration, International Cooperation, Organizational Objectives, Public Health
- Abstract
Canadians are increasingly being asked to become involved in international health research and intervention projects. Recently, Quebec clinicians were asked to support a project to build and run a tertiary and highly-specialized hospital for women and children, in Kabul, the capital of Afghanistan. The goal of this paper was to analyze the challenges raised by participation in such a project. The major lesson learned was the need to resist the temptation to provide aid when it involves an attractive but ineffective intervention. The current public health priority in Afghanistan is to provide as much of the population as possible with access to a nearby health centre, for primary health care and safe deliveries. When analyzing the implications of Canadian clinicians' commitment to this project, we considered three major public health challenges: public health priorities, hospital care organization and health care financing. The results indicated that, given the current Afghani context, this project was neither relevant nor appropriate and had undesirable repercussions on the population and the health care system.
- Published
- 2006
50. Canada and global health research: 2005 update.
- Author
-
Neufeld VR and Spiegel J
- Subjects
- Awareness, Canada, Cooperative Behavior, Humans, Program Development, Global Health, Health Services Research, International Cooperation, Public Health economics, Research, Social Justice economics
- Abstract
From a global perspective, large disparities persist between the focus of health research investments and the global burden of illness. Over the past four years, Canadian efforts to address these disparities have steadily increased. The objectives of this paper are to present these recent achievements and to highlight continuing challenges. We summarize the activities of two complementary Canadian initiatives, both aimed at increasing Canada's investment and involvement in global health research. They are the Global Health Research Initiative--a partnership involving four federal agencies; and the Canadian Coalition for Global Health Research--a not-for-profit membership organization. Several achievements include: increased investment in global health research; increased knowledge production and use through "South-Canada" partnerships; stronger advocacy and increased awareness; enhanced capacity development; and improved coordination and communication. Based on these achievements, important current and future challenges are identified. They include: more coherent resource allocation; more focussed health research priorities; and the need to maintain and build momentum.
- Published
- 2006
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