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The methanol extracts of Sphenocentrum Jollyanum organs were assessed for their anti-oxidant and anti -angiogenic activities using DPPH and CAM assays respectively. The results indicated the stem bark as the most active organ with an IC 50 of 1.80 ± 0.25 and 1.00 ± 0.20 score (at 500 μg/pellet) on DDPH and anti -angiogenesis assays respectively. Further fractionation of the stem bark revealed the chloroform fraction to have the highest IC 50 1.54 ± 0.15 and the most important score on anti - angiogenesis assay with 1.3 ± 0.10 at 250 μg/pellet when serially diluted between 250 and 36.2 μg/pellet. Moreover, the effects were found to be dose-dependent. These results bring to the fore the need for further studies towards confirming the anti -oxidant and anti-angiogenic potentials of the plant as well as identifying and characterizing the active principles for drug development. African Journal of Biomedical Research Vol. 8(1) 2005: 4750

Tridax procumbens , is a common annual weed in the West African sub-region and other tropical zones of the world and is known as “coat buttons”. Traditional medical practitioners (TMPs) and the native peoples of these areas use the leaves of the plant as a remedy against several ailments ranging from conjunctivitis, diarrhoea, and dysentery to wound healing and related inflammatory conditions. Preliminary radical scavenging screenings proved positive and prompted further investigations into its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This, then necessitated the use of DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate) and HET-CAM (Hen\'s egg chorioallanthoic membrane) assays to investigate the radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory potentials of the plant. The results indicated that the chloroform (CHL) and the aqueous (AQU) fractions had the highest and the lowest 50 % inhibitory concentration of free radical oxidative species (FROS) at 1.92 and 4.22μg/mL in the DPPH assay. The HET-CAM (Hen\'s eggs test on chorioallanthoic membrane) assay, a novel assay for anti-inflammatory evaluation revealed the ethylacetate (ETA) fraction as the most active: 96%: “very strong effect” in terms of restoration of an induced inflammatory condition, while the ethanol extract (ETH) showed 92%: “strong effect”. The aqueous (AQU), the Hexane (HEX) and the chloroform (CHL) fractions displayed a below 25 % inhibition. Serial dilutions of the most active fraction: the ethylacetate fraction (ETA) revealed a dose dependent trend. Chemical analysis of the whole plant showed the presence of flavonoids and alkaloids in the chloroform (CHL) and ethylacetate (ETA) fractions. Interestingly, these classes of natural products have been implicated in radical scavenging and inflammation activities in other studies and it is therefore probable that, they may be playing similar functions in Tridax procumbens and consequently would have justified its uses in traditional medical practices. Key words: Anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, HET-CAM, DPPH assay, Asteraceae, Tridax procumbens. Nigerian Journal of Physiological Sciences Vol.18(1-2) 2003: 39-43

WOS: 000188262800014, PubMed ID: 14713159, Phlomis linearis Boiss. & Bal. of the Lamiaceae family growing in central, east and southeast Anatolia is an endemic species for Turkey. The essential oil obtained from the aerial parts by hydro distillation was subsequently analyzed by GC/MS. The main components of the oil were found as beta-caryophyllene (24.2%), germacrene D (22.3%) and caryophyllene oxide (9.2%), among 49 identified compounds, representing 94.5% of the total essential oil. The overall biological activity of the essential oil (100 mug/pellet) was tested on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of the fertilized hen's egg in order to examine the anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activity. None of the tests showed pronounced activity, toxicity or irritation at the tested concentration.