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52. Student Loans as a Means of Financing Higher Education: Lessons from International Experience. World Bank Staff Working Papers Number 599.
- Author
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World Bank, Washington, DC. and Woodhall, Maureen
- Abstract
International experience with student loans as a means of financing higher education is examined, with particular reference to developing countries. After summarizing the main purposes and kinds of student loan programs and practices in developed countries, advantages and disadvantages of loans as a means of financing higher education are identified. Specific attention is directed to Latin America and the Caribbean, including the scale of student loan programs, administration of educational credit institutions, the financing of student loans, repayment terms, the cost of administering student loans, and default on student loans. Additionally, student loan programs in Asia, the Middle East, Ghana, and other African countries are addressed. Loan programs in developing countries are also evaluated in terms of feasibility, as a means of cost recovery, flexibility, efficiency, equity, manpower, and administration. The roles of the U.S. Agency for International Development, the Inter-American Development Bank, and the World Bank in funding student loan institutions are examined. Finally, the choice between student loans and other methods of financing higher education is addressed, and policy options for student loan programs are summarized. Information on educational credit institutions in Latin America and a bibliography are appended. (SW)
- Published
- 1983
53. Human Welfare and Technological Innovation. Open Grants Papers No. 2.
- Author
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Hawaii Univ., Honolulu. East-West Center., Hayashi, Yujiro, Hayashi, Yujiro, and Hawaii Univ., Honolulu. East-West Center.
- Abstract
This publication on human welfare and technological innovation contains two sections. The first section examines the objectives and functions of technological innovation while the second section discusses the direction and analysis of technology transfer between Japan and other nations. Subtopics within the first section include: (1) characteristics of technology, (2) human and environmental problems associated with technology, and (3) countermeasures to offset the problems of increasing technology. Section 2 contains five subtopics dealing with Japan's technology and its relationship to Asia and the world. These subtopics analyze problems stemming from the change in the industrial structure of Japan, examine Japan's role in the international division of labor and in the energy crisis, discuss the characteristics of Japan's science and technology and her relations with the United States and the industrialized nations of Europe, analyze relationships in the international division of labor in Asia, and discuss the need to develop a new scale for perception of environmental quality. (Author/DE)
- Published
- 1974
54. Some Trends in the Evolution of Science Curriculum Centres in Asia. Occasional Papers No. 12.
- Author
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United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Bangkok (Thailand). Regional Office for Education in Asia and the Pacific. and Maddock, M. N.
- Abstract
Recent trends in science education associated with the evolution of science curriculum development centers in the Asian region are reviewed. These trends, and factors influencing them, are discussed under the following headings: science education and curriculum development centers; adaptation phase; shifts toward indigenous programs; science education, rural development, and informal education; science equipment; decentralization and dissemination; regional cooperation; and research and development. The role in promoting the trends at three centers is also discussed. The centers include Science Education Centre of the University of the Philippines and the Institute for the Promotion of Teaching Science and Technology of Thailand (examples of national centers) and the regional Centre for Science and Mathematics Education, set up as a training institution for key science education personnel throughout the region. Establishment of the centers, science education research projects, curriculum and instructional material development, science equipment, and teacher training are among the topics discussed. Major accomplishments/progress in science education in southeast Asia are summarized in a concluding section, indicating among others that in-service teaching training has formed a vital and integral part of curriculum development/implementation and is a vital cornerstone in the new programs developed. (Author/JN)
- Published
- 1982
55. Teaching and Research in International Law in Asia and the Pacific. Report of a Regional Consultation Meeting Including Nine Country Status Surveys (Seoul, Republic of Korea, October 10-13, 1984). Social and Human Sciences in Asia and the Pacific. RUSHSAP Series on Occasional Monographs and Papers, 11.
- Author
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United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Bangkok (Thailand). Regional Office for Education in Asia and the Pacific.
- Abstract
Information on teaching and research in international law for countries of the Asia-Pacific region is presented in proceedings of a 1984 conference sponsored by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. In addition to a regional overview, suggestions are offered for promoting regional cooperation in international law. Challenges in the teaching and study of international law, problems areas for students graduating in international law, and problems of the profession are considered. Status reports for nine countries on teaching and research in international law are provided by conference participants as follows: Australia (James Crawford), India (M. L. Upadhyaya), Indonesia (Komar Kantaatmadja), Japan (Onuma Yasuaki), Republic of Korea (Chi Young Pak), Pakistan (M. A. Mannan), The Philippines (Adolfo S. Azcuna), Sri Lanka (A. R. B. Amerasinghe), and Thailand (Vitit Muntarbhorn). Appendices include: a conference program, list of participants and brief introductory conference addresses by Jae Hoon Choi, E. Hyock Kwon, Bong-shik Park, and Yogesh Atal. (SW)
- Published
- 1985
56. PAPER'S CLOSING CHAPTER.
- Author
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PACHNER, JOANNA
- Subjects
INDUSTRYWIDE conditions ,PAPER industry ,CONSUMPTION (Economics) ,PRINTING paper - Abstract
The article focuses on the decline of the paper industry in the 21st century. There was a significant decrease in printing-paper consumption since the peak in paper demand in North America in 2000. The key challenges facing the sector are boosting the environmental and usability credentials of paper and finding new applications for the pulp. But the consumption decline in the west is not reflected in Asia and South America.
- Published
- 2011
57. RADIO AND TELEVISION IN THE SERVICE OF EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT IN ASIA. REPORTS AND PAPERS ON MASS COMMUNICATION, NO. 49.
- Author
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United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris (France).
- Abstract
PLANNING AUTHORITIES IN THE COUNTRIES OF ASIA SHOULD PLAN TO USE THE WIDE, INSTANTANEOUS RANGE AND INTIMATE APPEAL OF BROADCASTING TO LIFT THE LOW LEVELS OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, PRODUCTIVITY, INCOME, MOTIVATION, AND NATIONAL INVOLVEMENT OF THEIR PEOPLE. IN PLANNING FOR ITS USE IN FORMAL EDUCATION, THEY SHOULD ANTICIPATE NEEDS IN SCHOOL-BUILDING DESIGN, TEACHER EDUCATION, AND UNIVERSITY-TYPE BROADCASTS. IN PLANNING FOR INFORMAL EDUCATION AND PROGRAMS OF NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, LISTENING CLUBS AND TELECLUBS SHOULD BE PLANNED FOR AND RECEIVERS MADE AVAILABLE. PROVISION SHOULD ALSO BE MADE FOR TRAINING IN EDUCATIONAL BROADCASTING AND FOR INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE OF PROGRAMS. THIS DOCUMENT IS AVAILABLE AS B.2266 FROM NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS OF UNESCO PUBLICATIONS OR FROM THE DIVISION OF FREE FLOW OF INFORMATION, UNESCO, PLACE DE FONTENOY, PARIS-7E, FRANCE, FOR $1.00. (MF)
- Published
- 1967
58. SOCIAL EDUCATION THROUGH TELEVISION, AN ALL INDIA RADIO-UNESCO PILOT PROJECT. REPORTS AND PAPERS ON MASS COMMUNICATION, NO. 38.
- Author
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United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris (France).
- Abstract
TELECLUBS, BECAUSE OF THE NOVELTY OF TELEVISION, WERE SO POPULAR THAT OVERCROWDING, AS WELL AS UNEVEN ATTENDANCE BY CLUB MEMBERS, AFFECTED THE GOAL OF EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF TELECASTS ON CITIZENSHIP. GREATER SUCCESS WAS REALIZED IN BRINGING ABOUT SHIFTS IN INFORMATION THAN IN ATTITUDES, PERHAPS, BECAUSE THE EXPERIMENTAL GROUP STARTED AT A HIGHER LEVEL OF ATTITUDE THAN INFORMATION. THE MEMBERS WERE MOSTLY LOWER MIDDLE CLASS AND MALE, WITH A HIGH REPRESENTATION OF PROFESSIONALS. A BASELINE SURVEY AND A TERMINAL SURVEY OF 20 CLUBS AND THEIR 418 MEMBERS MEASURED THE IMPACT OF 20 SPECIAL TELECASTS. A SUPPLEMENTARY GROUP PARTICIPATION ASSESSMENT SCHEDULE WAS GIVEN TO DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF THE NUMBER OF FRIENDS THE MEMBERS HAD IN THE TELECLUBS ON THEIR ATTENDANCE, PARTICIPATION, AND RESPONSE. THIS DOCUMENT IS AVAILABLE AS B.1922 FROM NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS OF UNESCO PUBLICATIONS OF FROM THE DIVISION OF FREE FLOW OF INFORMATION, UNESCO, PLACE DE FONTENOY, PARIS-7E, FRANCE, FOR $0.50. (MF)
- Published
- 1963
59. VISUAL AIDS IN FUNDAMENTAL EDUCATION AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT, REPORT ON THE UNESCO REGIONAL SEMINAR IN SOUTH AND SOUTH-EAST ASIA HELD IN NEW-DELHI, INDIA 8-27 SEPTEMBER 1958. REPORTS AND PAPERS ON MASS COMMUNICATION, NO. 27.
- Author
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United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris (France). and THAPAR, ROMESH
- Abstract
SUCH TRADITIONAL VISUAL MEDIA AS VILLAGE PLAYS, PUPPETRY, AND SHADOW PLAYS CAN BE CREATED LOCALLY WITH ACTIVE PARTICIPATION BY THE LEARNER AND USED EFFECTIVELY IN COMMUNITY EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT. OTHER VISUAL MEDIA, SUCH AS FILMS, CAN BE BEST PRODUCED NATIONALLY IN VISUAL AIDS CENTERS IF GOOD COMMUNICATIONS ARE MAINTAINED WITH THE FIELD WORKERS AND IF AN AWARENESS IS KEPT OF SOCIAL SETTINGS AND CULTURAL DIFFERENCES. FILM SOCIETIES WITH WELL-STOCKED FILM LIBRARIES CAN HELP SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF DISTRIBUTION. SYSTEMATIC EVALUATION WITH BASELINE SURVEYS, PRE-RELEASE TESTING AND CONTROL GROUPS IS ESSENTIAL. THIS DOCUMENT IS AVAILABLE FROM NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS OF UNESCO PUBLICATIONS OR FROM THE DIVISION OF FREE FLOW OF INFORMATION, UNESCO, PLACE DE FONTENOY, PARIS-7E, FRANCE, FOR $0.75. (MF)
- Published
- 1959
60. Voith: 150 Years of Tradition and Up-to-date Innovation Spearheads Papermaking Development in Asia.
- Subjects
PAPERMAKING - Published
- 2023
61. Pulp and Paper Market to Grow at USD370.12 Billion by 2028.
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- *
PAPER industry forecasting , *BUSINESS forecasting , *PAPER industry & the environment , *PACKAGING materials , *RECYCLABLE material , *CORONAVIRUS diseases - Published
- 2021
62. Moving beyond commitments: creating durable change through the implementation of Asia Pulp and Paper's forest conservation policy.
- Author
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Dieterich, Urs and Auld, Graeme
- Subjects
- *
NONGOVERNMENTAL organizations , *SUSTAINABLE development , *PAPER industry , *FOREST policy , *FOREST conservation , *SOCIAL responsibility of business - Abstract
Campaigns by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) pressuring companies to adopt sustainability standards have caught academic interest in recent years. Critics of this approach toward increasing biodiversity protection and social justice argue that campaign successes are often short-lived while proponents emphasize the potential of NGO campaigns to achieve positive environmental and social change in the absence of governmental legislation. Focusing on the recent forest conservation policy of Asia Pulp and Paper (APP), a leading pulp and paper company operating in Southeast Asia, we analyze the challenges companies face in implementing sustainability commitments made as a result of NGO and market pressure. Drawing from research on policy implementation and corporate greening we identify key activities to help entrench APP's commitments in the company's operations. Furthermore, we suggest that a range of actions by different stakeholder groups can achieve broader effects of APP's commitments toward better environmental and social stewardship in the region's pulp and paper sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
63. Special Issue "Selected Papers from the 8th Asia-Pacific NMR (APNMR) Symposium: Recent Advances in NMR Spectroscopy".
- Author
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Bhattacharjya S, Yang D, and Yoon HS
- Subjects
- Asia, Humans, Pacific Islands, Computational Biology methods, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy methods, Periodicals as Topic
- Abstract
Asia-Pacific NMR (APNMR) has been an important scientific event in the region, engaging a large number of NMR scientists from academia and industries [...].
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
64. Treatment of mantle cell lymphoma in Asia: a consensus paper from the Asian Lymphoma Study Group.
- Author
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Yoon DH, Cao J, Chen TY, Izutsu K, Kim SJ, Kwong YL, Lin TY, Thye LS, Xu B, Yang DH, and Kim WS
- Subjects
- Antineoplastic Agents therapeutic use, Asia epidemiology, Disease Management, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Humans, Immunotherapy, Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell diagnosis, Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell epidemiology, Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell therapy
- Abstract
Background: Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a B cell malignancy that can be aggressive and with a poor prognosis; the clinical course is heterogeneous. The epidemiology of MCL in Asia is not well documented but appears to comprise 2-6% of all lymphoma cases based on available data, with variation observed between countries. Although international guidelines are available for the treatment of MCL, there is a lack of published data or guidance on the clinical characteristics and management of MCL in patient populations from Asia. This paper aims to review the available treatment and, where clinical gaps exist, provide expert consensus from the Asian Lymphoma Study Group (ALSG) on appropriate MCL management in Asia. BODY: Management strategies for MCL are patient- and disease stage-specific and aim to achieve balance between efficacy outcomes and toxicity. For asymptomatic patients with clearly indolent disease, observation may be an appropriate strategy. For stage I/II disease, following international guidelines is appropriate, which include either a short course of conventional chemotherapy followed by consolidated radiotherapy, less aggressive chemotherapy regimens, or a combination of these approaches. For advanced disease, the approach is based on the age and fitness of the patient. For young, fit patients, the current practice for induction therapy differs across Asia, with cytarabine having an important role in this setting. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) may be justified in selected patients because of the high relapse risk. In elderly patients, specific chemoimmunotherapy regimens available in each country/region are a treatment option. For maintenance therapy after first-line treatment, the choice of approach should be individualized, with cost being an important consideration within Asia. For relapsed/refractory disease, ibrutinib should be considered as well as other follow-on compounds, if available., Conclusion: Asian patient-specific data for the treatment of MCL are lacking, and the availability of treatment options differs between country/region within Asia. Therefore, there is no clear one-size-fits-all approach and further investigation on the most appropriate sequence of treatment that should be considered for this heterogeneous disease.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
65. Enabling animal rabies diagnostic in low-access areas: Sensitivity and specificity of a molecular diagnostic test from cerebral tissue dried on filter paper.
- Author
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Rasolonjatovo FS, Guis H, Rajeev M, Dacheux L, Arivony Nomenjanahary L, Razafitrimo G, Rafisandrantantsoa JT, Cêtre-Sossah C, Heraud JM, and Andriamandimby SF
- Subjects
- Africa, Asia, Developing Countries, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Rabies virus genetics, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sensitivity and Specificity, Brain virology, Desiccation methods, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques methods, Rabies diagnosis, Rabies virus isolation & purification, Specimen Handling methods
- Abstract
Rabies is a lethal zoonotic encephalomyelitis that causes an estimated 59,000 human deaths yearly worldwide. Although developing countries of Asia and Africa bear the heaviest burden, surveillance and disease detection in these countries is often hampered by the absence of local laboratories able to diagnose rabies and/or the difficulties of sample shipment from low-access areas to national reference laboratories. Filter papers offer a convenient cost-effective alternative for the sampling, shipment, and storage of biological materials for the diagnosis of many pathogens including rabies virus, yet the properties of diagnostic tests using this support have not been evaluated thoroughly. Sensitivity and specificity of molecular diagnosis of rabies infection using a reverse transcription followed by a hemi-nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-hn-PCR) either directly on brain tissue or using brain tissue dried on filter paper were assessed on 113 suspected field animal samples in comparison to the direct fluorescent antibody test (FAT) recommended by the World Health Organization as one of the reference tests for rabies diagnosis. Impact of the duration of the storage was also evaluated. The sensitivity and the specificity of RT-hn-PCR i) on brain tissue were 96.6% (95% CI: [88.1-99.6]) and 92.7% (95% CI: [82.4-98.0]) respectively and ii) on brain tissue dried on filter paper 100% (95% CI: [93.8-100.0]) and 90.9% (95% CI: [80.0-97.0]) respectively. No loss of sensitivity of RT-hn-PCR on samples of brain tissue dried on filter paper left 7 days at ambient temperature was detected indicating that this method would enable analyzing impregnated filter papers sent to the national reference laboratory at ambient temperature within a 1-week shipment time. It could therefore be an effective alternative to facilitate storage and shipment of samples from low-access areas to enhance and expand rabies surveillance., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
66. New Zealand, Australia and the Asia-Pacific strategic balance : from trade agreements to defence white papers
- Author
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Ayson, Robert
- Published
- 2011
67. High-impact papers from China, Japan, India, and Korea.
- Author
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Hongling, Fang and Hai-Min, Chang
- Subjects
PERIODICAL publishing ,SCHOLARLY publishing ,PERIODICALS ,PUBLISHING ,DATABASES - Abstract
This paper compares 'high-impact' papers from China, Japan, India and Korea in 2012, together with papers from these countries in Cell, Nature, and Science (CNS) from 2010 to 2012. China leads on 'highly cited' and 'hot' papers in 2012, while Japan has the highest number in CNS (653), followed by China (471), Korea (131) and India (83). Although China published more high-impact papers in 2012, papers published in CNS were at a relatively low level, which appears to show that while some of the research in China is at a relatively high level, this is not entirely reflected in the number of papers in these 'elite' journals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
68. Johan Vilhelm Snellman's-Finnish Philosopher, Writer, Diplomat-Statement 'Science Centers for All'
- Author
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Aydin, Abdullah
- Abstract
"Go to temples of science and ideas of Europe. Imitate the Tugendbund, 'the Union of Virtue', of which thousands of German youth are the members. Always keep the rule of 'Fit soul is in fit body' in mind" (Petrov, 2013, p. 72). This study aimed to show the similarities, in terms of expression, emphasis, and implication, in the about/mission/vision/goals/objectives of various science centers from around the world and in the basic themes derived from Snellman's statement above, namely, Science for all, Science Centers for all, and Human welfare that he made as a challenge to not only his people but to everyone. Document and content analyses were applied in the study. Within the scope of these analyses, this study investigated the about/mission/vision/goals/objectives sections of websites of science centers from around the world (Asia, Europe, Global, Latin America/The Caribbean, North America, Africa). From this investigation, similar basic themes, derived from Snellman's statement challenging his people/everyone to adopt this devotion to science, were found in the areas of i) expression in ASTC, CIMUSET/CSTM, CASC and SAASTEC; ii) emphasis in ECSITE, ASDC, ASCN and NSCF; and iii) implication in ASPAC, ASTEN, NCSM, ABCMC and Red-POP. These basic themes, as found in the about/mission/vision/goals/objectives of science centers, can, in effect, be narrowed down to the one theme of "cultural institutions will be a big part of human life" (Madsen 2017, p. 68) science centers in the global village (Touraine, 2016, p. 121) of the future.
- Published
- 2019
69. Population aging: opportunity for business expansion, an invitational paper presented at the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) International Workshop on Adaptation to Population Aging Issues, July 17, 2017, Ha Noi, Viet Nam.
- Author
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Arensberg MB
- Subjects
- Aged, Asia, Consumer Behavior, Evidence-Based Practice, Geriatric Assessment, Health Personnel education, Humans, International Cooperation, Motivation, Noncommunicable Diseases therapy, Nutrition Assessment, Policy, Population Health, Public-Private Sector Partnerships, Aging, Commerce, Government, Health Behavior, Health Promotion, Longevity, Quality of Health Care
- Abstract
A longer life brings opportunities for older adults and their families as well as for their communities. Commercial businesses can be successful in innovating on these opportunities and achieving business expansion when they better understand the market dynamics and spectrum of older adults as consumers and view them more as assets rather than as burdens to society. While there is no "typical" older adult consumer, some traits, characteristics, and physical realities may be more common, including those related to family and community, the shopping experience, brand marketing and packaging, food and nutrition, and health. The opportunities of longer life are impacted by health and underscore the importance of positive, healthy aging-related behaviors like good nutrition and active lifestyles. Healthy aging also requires a sustained commitment and action from country leaders to formulate evidence-based polices--like systematic nutrition screening and intervention-and healthcare workforce training and education that can strengthen and support an active aging population. In addition, governments should consider engaging commercial businesses to help set sustainable policies that can advance products for older adults. Finally, governments should set national and local goals to incentivize commercial business development and investment in public-private partnerships to improve quality of care, promote healthy aging, and impact outcomes for noncommunicable diseases, ultimately benefitting population health for Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) countries.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
70. Pulping Facilities Positioned to be a Key Player to Help Close the Gap in Asia's Reliance on "Smart Fertilizer" Imports.
- Author
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Begley, Michael and Zabaleta, Carlos M.
- Subjects
FERTILIZER supply & demand ,PULPING ,PAPER mills ,POTASSIUM fertilizers ,MANUFACTURING processes ,SUSTAINABILITY - Published
- 2022
71. Secret papers reveal Tasman defence fears
- Author
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Ansley, Greg
- Published
- 1999
72. Eurasian Higher Education Leaders Forum: Graduate Employability in the 21st Century. Conference Proceedings (4th, Astana, Kazakhstan, June 11-12, 2015)
- Author
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Sagintayeva, Aida and Kurakbayev, Kairat
- Abstract
This collection of papers introduces the proceedings of the Fourth Annual Conference-Eurasian Higher Education Leaders' Forum held on the 11-12 June, 2015 at Nazarbayev University in Astana, Kazakhstan. Our presenters come from different professional backgrounds including higher education institutions, national business companies as well as international businesses that work closely with education stakeholders across Kazakhstan, the Central Asia region and beyond. The compendium offers papers grounded in theoretical argument and empirical research and written to provide debate and discussion among policy makers, university leaders, faculty and students. The themes of the proceedings reflect the structure of the Forum that has been divided into five panel sessions: (1) The Role of Global Skills in the Graduate Employability; (2) Perceptions of Employability, Skills and Individual Aspiration in a Diversifying Economy; (3) University-employer-community Relationships; (4) The Role of Vocational Education and Training (VET) in Career Development; and (5) Student Transitions and Careers Guidance. The Forum aimed at developing an international dialogue between higher education leaders, policy makers, researchers and practitioners from different parts of the world. The quality of debate and argument has benefited from the participation of local and international delegates that have shared their expertise, insights and visions on the current situation of graduate employability from local and global perspectives. More than 500 participants from twelve countries took part in the Forum's sessions and Q&A discussions. Keynote speeches in the proceedings include: (1) The Future of Graduates in the Global Labour Market (Hugh Lauder); (2) The Role of Tertiary Education in Addressing the Global Skills Challenge (Jamil Salmi); (3) A Perspective on Future Employability (Alper Akdeniz); (4) Transforming Tertiary Education for Innovation and Competitiveness: University of Central Asia (Shamsh Kassim-Lakha); and (5) TVET and Career Development (Geoff Hayward). Articles in the proceedings include: (1) Graduate Employability in the 21st Century (Aslan Sarinzhipov); (2) From a Competitive Education to the Prosperity of the Nation (Yerezhep Mambetkaziyev); (3) Career Planning for Future Opportunities (Tim Miller); (4) The Paradox of Emerging Universities (Simon Jones); (5) Nurturing Net Generation Graduates with Global Skills (Seeram Ramakrishna); (6) Practice--Oriented Learning--a Platform for the Formation of Global Skills (Jamilya Nurmanbetova); (7) Perceptions of Employability, Skills and Individual Aspiration in a Diversifying Economy (Alan Ruby); (8) Development of National Qualification System Based on Education Sphere and Labour Market Interface (Arstan Gazaliyev and Yuri Pak); (9) Understanding the Role of Fundamental Values in Serving a Larger Purpose (Aida Sagintayeva); (10) Creating Employability (Loretta O'Donnell); (11) Main Directions in Developing Corporate Partnerships: The Case of Rudny Industrial Institute, Kazakhstan (Abdakhman Naizabekov); (12) University/Industry Partnerships: Promising Practices from the Field (Matthew Hartley); (13) Technical Skills: Through Learning and Practice? (Sabyrzhan Madeyev); (14) Skills, Employability and University Graduates? (Rainer Goertz); (15) Transition from School to University: Some Issues for Kazakhstan and the Wider Region (David Bridges); (16) Soviet Legacy in Higher Education: Some Observations from Russia (Isak Froumin); and (17) Principal Learning Points (Sue Bennett). Individual papers contain figures and references. [This publication was produced by Nazarbayev University Graduate School of Education.]
- Published
- 2015
73. The Changing Academic Profession in Asia: The Formation, Work, Academic Productivity, and Internationalization of the Academy. Report of the International Conference on the Changing Academic Profession Project, 2014. RIHE International Seminar Reports. No. 22
- Author
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Hiroshima University, Research Institute for Higher Education (Japan)
- Abstract
The International Conference on the Changing Academic Profession Project convened in Hiroshima City, Japan, January 24-25, 2014. It was jointly hosted by the Research Institutes of Higher Education at Hiroshima and Kurashiki Sakuyo Universities. The theme of the conference was "The Changing Academic Profession in Asia: The Formation, Work, Academic Productivity, and Internationalization of the Academy." Two keynote address and eight presentations were made by university professors from seven countries and regions. The present volume is a collection of the addresses and papers presented at the conference. Following a foreword by Fumihiro Maruyama, contents include: (1) Institutionalization of the R-T-S Nexus in the Academic Profession from an International, Comparative Perspective (Akira Arimoto); (2) Strong States, Strong Systems (William K. Cummings); (3) Quality of Education and Research at Higher Education Institutions in Cambodia: Results of the Survey on University Faculty Members (Yuto Kitamura, Naoki Umemiya, and Aki Osawa); (4) The Internationalization of the Academy in Asia: Major Findings from the International Survey (Futao Huang); (5) Effects of International Education Degree and Organizational Effectiveness Perception on Academic Research Productivity in China (Lu Li and Fengqiao Yan); (6) Career Prospects of the Malaysian Academic Profession (Aida Suraya Md. Yunus and Vincent Pang); (7) Academic Career Development in Vietnam (Pham Thanh Nghi); (8) The Self-Contained Academic Profession in Japan, a Matured Country (Akiyoshi Yonezawa); (9) The Impact of Research Productivity on Academics in Taiwan (Robin J. Chen and Ching-Shan Wu); (10) University Academic Staffs' Career and Research Productivity: Similarities and Differences in Six Asian Nations (Tsukasa Daizen); and (11) What Is a Mature University in This Competitive World? (Yumiko Hada). The conference program and list of participants are appended. Individual papers contain references. [Charles R. Barton edited the manuscripts in this report. For "The Internationalization of Higher Education: Realities and Implications. Report of the International Workshop on University, 2013. RIHE International Seminar Reports. No. 21," see ED574175.]
- Published
- 2015
74. Tracking Austronesian expansion into the Pacific via the paper mulberry plant.
- Author
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Matisoo-Smith, Elizabeth A.
- Subjects
- *
PHYLOGEOGRAPHY , *PAPER mulberry , *HUMAN geography - Abstract
The article discusses research on the Austronesian migrations revealed by phylogeography of Pacific paper mulberry. It references a study by C-S Chang et al published in a previous issue. Topics covered include the direct genetic link between Taiwan and one of the Pacific commensal species, the geographic origins of paper mulberry and its spread through Island Southeast Asia and into the Pacific, and Neolithic expansions from the mainland of China to Taiwan.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
75. سمات المرأة في البرنامج التلفزيوني العراقي الساخر والية بطيخ بحث مستل من رسالة ماجستير.
- Author
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نوارة إياد كاظم and إرادة زيدان الجب
- Subjects
OFFENSIVE behavior ,MENTAL imagery ,CONTENT analysis ,ANXIETY ,MELONS ,MAN-woman relationships - Abstract
Copyright of Al-Bahith Al-Aalami is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
76. State Papers Online Colonial: Asia, Part I: Far East, Hong Kong, and Wei-Hai-Wei.
- Author
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Hashimoto, Sarah
- Subjects
COLONIES - Abstract
The article reviews the web site State Papers Online Colonial: Asia, Part I: Far East, Hong Kong, and Wei-Hai-Wei at gale.com/c/state-papers-online-colonial-asia-part-i from Gale.
- Published
- 2023
77. Chronic kidney disease in patients with cardiac rhythm disturbances or implantable electrical devices: clinical significance and implications for decision making-a position paper of the European Heart Rhythm Association endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society and the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society.
- Author
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Boriani G, Savelieva I, Dan GA, Deharo JC, Ferro C, Israel CW, Lane DA, La Manna G, Morton J, Mitjans AM, Vos MA, Turakhia MP, and Lip GY
- Subjects
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac complications, Asia, Cardio-Renal Syndrome therapy, Cardiology standards, Clinical Decision-Making methods, Europe, Humans, Kidney Function Tests standards, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic complications, Arrhythmias, Cardiac diagnosis, Arrhythmias, Cardiac therapy, Cardio-Renal Syndrome diagnosis, Defibrillators, Implantable standards, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic diagnosis, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic therapy
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
78. Effects of Dietary Paper Mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera) on Growth Performance and Muscle Quality of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella).
- Author
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Tang, Tao, Bai, Jinhai, Ao, Zhipeng, Wei, Zehong, Hu, Yi, and Liu, Shaojun
- Subjects
CTENOPHARYNGODON idella ,MULBERRY ,MUSCLE growth ,DIETARY supplements ,MYOSTATIN ,MUSCLES - Abstract
Simple Summary: The quality of muscle plays an important role in improving the economic benefit of aquatic products. The paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera, BP) grows wildly in the south of Asia. In this experiment, grass carps (initial weight: 50.0 ± 0.5 g) were fed diets with the addition of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% BP in a control diet (crude protein: 31%, crude fat: 3.8%) for 8 weeks. In conclusion, adding 5% BP did not affect the growth of grass carp. However, the supplementation of 10% BP could improve muscle quality through improving muscle hardness, reducing fat accumulation and muscle fiber diameter, at the cost of reducing growth performance. The present study investigated the effects of dietary paper mulberry (Broussonetia Papyrifera, BP) on growth performance, muscle quality and muscle growth-related mRNA expressions of grass carp. Fish (initial weight: 50.0 ± 0.5 g) were fed diets supplemented with 0% (control diet), 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% BP for 8 weeks. The results showed that increasing levels of paper mulberry linearly and quadratically decreased the special gain rate (SGR) and increased the feed conversion rate (FCR) of grass carp (p < 0.05). Significantly positive quadratic trends were found between paper mulberry levels and muscle crude fat or crude protein of grass carp (p < 0.05). In comparison to the control diet, the 10%BP and 15%BP groups had significantly decreased muscle crude fat and increased crude protein (p < 0.05). The levels of paper mulberry resulted in a linear and quadratic increase in water loss of grass carp muscle (p < 0.05), and all groups with paper mulberry supplementation were significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.05). Significant positive linear and quadratic trends were found between the paper mulberry levels and muscle fiber diameter or density of grass carp (p < 0.05). In comparison to the control diet, the significant differences were found in the 15%BP and 20%BP groups (p < 0.05). The muscle adhesiveness and hardness linearly and quadratically increased with the increasing levels of paper mulberry (p < 0.05), and both of which increased significantly when the level of paper mulberry reached 10% (p < 0.05). In addition, the increase in paper mulberry linearly and quadratically improved the expressions of myoblast determination protein (MyoD), myogenin (MyoG), paired box protein 7 (Pax7) and myostatin 1 (MSTN1) (p < 0.05). When the supplementation of paper mulberry reached 15%, the expressions of all these mRNAs were significantly higher than those of the control group (p < 0.05). In summary, adding 5% paper mulberry did not affect the growth of grass carp. However, the supplementation of 10% paper mulberry could improve muscle quality through improving muscle hardness, reducing fat accumulation and muscle fiber diameter, at the cost of reducing growth performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
79. GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) Methods for Aquaculture Site Selection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- Author
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Chentouf, Sanae, Sebbah, Boutaina, Bahousse, El Houssine, Wahbi, Miriam, and Maâtouk, Mustapha
- Subjects
GEOGRAPHIC information systems ,FISH farming ,AQUACULTURE ,SOIL quality ,WATER quality ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors - Abstract
With the growing demand for aquatic products, aquaculture has become a prominent means of meeting this demand. However, the selection of suitable sites for aquaculture remains a key factor in the success of any aquaculture operation. While various methods exist for site selection, geographic information system (GIS)-based multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) methods have emerged as the most widely utilized approach to identifying potential aquaculture sites. Following the guidelines of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA), this paper presents a systematic review and meta-analysis of GIS-based MCE methods used in aquaculture sites selection. The objective of this study is to offer a comprehensive overview of existing research in this field and develop a general model for selecting sites for fish and shellfish aquaculture. The main findings indicate a growing number of studies utilizing GIS-based MCE in aquaculture site selection in recent years, with Asia being the leading continent in terms of publications in this domain. Among the journals publishing in this field, the Aquaculture journal stands out as the top publisher. Using consistent criteria across the reviewed studies, two models have been generated, each consisting of four sub-models: water quality, soil quality, infrastructure, and socioeconomic factors; and topography, environment, and physical parameters. These models can aid future researchers and assist decision-makers in identifying optimal locations for aquaculture development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
80. Geomorphological Mapping Global Trends and Applications.
- Author
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Quesada-Román, Adolfo and Peralta-Reyes, Manuel
- Subjects
GEOMORPHOLOGICAL mapping ,BIBLIOMETRICS ,CULTURAL pluralism ,SCIENCE databases ,WEB databases - Abstract
This study conducts a bibliometric analysis of 735 research papers on geomorphological mapping published in English between 2000 and 2021 using the Web of Science database. The analysis focuses on key metrics such as annual publication rates, journal distribution, common keywords, and frequently cited papers. The results demonstrate sustained investment in geomorphological mapping research over the past two decades, driven by advancements in data analysis, GIS technologies, and cross-institutional and cross-country collaboration. While European universities and research centers lead the field, researchers from Latin America and Asia are also making noteworthy contributions. However, research concentration remains largely in Europe, particularly at low altitudes. The study highlights the vital importance of investment in geomorphological mapping research and the benefits of collaboration to advance understanding and knowledge production. It also emphasizes the need for greater geographic and cultural diversity among researchers to ensure a more comprehensive and inclusive approach to research in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
81. Effects of Different Parts on the Chemical Composition, Silage Fermentation Profile, In Vitro and In Situ Digestibility of Paper Mulberry.
- Author
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Hao, Yangyi, Huang, Shuai, Liu, Gaokun, Zhang, Jun, Liu, Gang, Cao, Zhijun, Wang, Yajing, Wang, Wei, Li, Shengli, Fondevila, Manuel, and Caroprese, Mariangela
- Subjects
- *
SILAGE , *SILAGE fermentation , *MULBERRY , *FATTY acids , *AMINO acids , *CARBOHYDRATES , *LACTATES - Abstract
Simple Summary: Paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera, PM) is a potential roughage source widely distributed in Asia, but the chemical composition, silage fermentation, and digestibility are not fully understood. Here, we compared the chemical composition, silage fermentation, and digestibility of leaf, stem, and whole plant of PM to evaluate its feeding value. The result showed that the leaf had lower fiber content and higher protein content than the stem and whole plant. Meanwhile, the stem silage had the lowest pH value and lactate content, while those in the leaf were the highest. The in vitro and in situ digestibility showed the leaf was more digestible. Our study gives the reference of different parts of PM to be used as a feedstuff. Paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera, PM) is high protein but unutilized as a feed source. The study explores the different parts (leaf, stem, and whole plant) of PM chemical composition, silage fermentation, and in vitro and in situ digestibility, aiming to give some guidelines to PM usage as feed. The result showed that the leaf had a higher fresh weight than the stem (p < 0.05). The dry matter contents of the three groups had no differences. The highest crude protein, ether extract, water-soluble carbohydrate, ash, calcium, phosphorus, amino acid contents, and butter capacity were observed in the leaf (p < 0.05). The stem had the highest (p < 0.05) neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and lignin contents. After ensiling, the stem silage had the lowest pH value, ammonia nitrate (NH3-N), lactate, acetate, and propionate (p < 0.05). The leaf silage had the highest pH value (p < 0.05). The lactate, acetate, and propionate in the leaf and whole plant silage had no difference. The butyrate was not detected in all silage. The in vitro and in situ digestibility experiments showed the leaf had the highest digestibility (p < 0.05), which could produce more volatile fatty acids and have a higher effective digestibility. These results allow a greater understanding of PM to be used as a feedstuff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
82. Kunming University of Science and Technology Reports Findings in Nanorods (Superhydrophobic cellulose paper with sustained antibacterial activity prepared by in-situ growth of carvacrol-loaded zinc-based metal organic framework nanorods for ...).
- Subjects
CARVACROL ,METAL-organic frameworks ,SCIENCE journalism ,NANORODS ,ANTIBACTERIAL agents ,CELLULOSE ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations - Abstract
Keywords: Kunming; People's Republic of China; Asia; Drugs and Therapies; Emerging Technologies; Food Packaging; Nanorods; Nanotechnology EN Kunming People's Republic of China Asia Drugs and Therapies Emerging Technologies Food Packaging Nanorods Nanotechnology 2023 MAR 9 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Food Weekly News -- New research on Nanotechnology - Nanorods is the subject of a report. Kunming, People's Republic of China, Asia, Drugs and Therapies, Emerging Technologies, Food Packaging, Nanorods, Nanotechnology. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
83. Challenges to Technical and Vocational Education.
- Author
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Schmidt, Hermann
- Abstract
Advances in information technology are changing industrialized societies into knowledge societies. The end of the cold war has promoted development of a global economy. Growing ecological consciousness has necessitated that environmental knowledge become part of all education. As the need to remain competitive increases, a new balance in responsibility in the partnership between management and the work force has developed. Enabling people to cope successfully with anxiety and uncertainty has become one of the most important tasks of education. Learning to learn must become the overall objective of all education. All education, including vocational education and training (VET), must prepare young people for life by developing their intellect, aptitudes, and talents and by creating opportunities for them to reach their full potential. A new global movement toward new VET standards is evolving. The European Training Foundation, which was founded in 1994, has assisted Central and Eastern European countries in restructuring their VET systems by providing the following: information agencies (called observatories), an expert network to support development and implementation of VET standards, pilot projects in partner countries, tailored advice, and an information network. Much has already been done to improve VET globally; however, much more creativity and investment is needed. (MN)
- Published
- 1999
84. Quality Assurance implementation and application in Distance Education.
- Author
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Mkwizu, Kezia H. and Junio-Sabio, Cecilia
- Subjects
DISTANCE education ,QUALITY assurance ,ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,THEMATIC analysis ,SERVICES for students - Abstract
Due to the recent developments in the delivery of teaching-learning processes when COVID-19 hit the world with a health crisis and pandemic, it is crucial to look into the quality of courses delivered via online means or through distance education modality. This paper examines implementation and application of quality assurance (QA) landscape in Distance Education (DE). A documentary review using bibliographic inquiry is used as a methodology approach to gather relevant information to address the study questions. Previous studies on QA in DE are examined and arranged into themes using thematic analysis. Findings revealed that most of the literature on QA in DE in Africa and Asia based on the reviewed Open and Distance Learning (ODL) institutions are basically dealing with frameworks, outcomes and performance, instructional design, student services and challenges as well as parity in terms of quality with the traditional institutions. Therefore, this paper concludes that more studies are needed for QA in DE to match the post-COVID-19 trends on improving QA. This implies that there is a need to expand research on QA in DE to include areas of artificial intelligence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
85. Training of Teachers/Trainers in Technical and Vocational Education. UNEVOC Studies in Technical and Vocational Education, Number 11.
- Author
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United Nations Economic, Scientific, and Cultural Organization, Paris (France). Section for Technical and Vocational Education.
- Abstract
This document contains nine papers about and from an international roundtable on the training of teachers in technical and vocational education. The first paper, a Final Report of the "International Round Table on Training of Teachers in Technical and Vocational Education (Curitiba, Brazil, 7-10 April 1997)," examines the following: sociopolitical contexts of technical and vocational teacher education; partnerships and linkages with industry; technical and vocational curricula; the status of technical and vocational teachers; technical and vocational teacher education models and programs; program financing; and future activities. The following discussion papers constitute the remainder of the report: "Training of Teachers/Trainers in Technical and Vocational Education; Position Paper" (R. Barry Hobart); "Challenges of Current Social, Economical and Technological Developments and Need for Reforms/Renovations in Training of Teaches in Technical and Vocational Education" (C.K. Basu); "Training of Teachers/Trainers in Technical and Vocational Education" (Mavis Bird); "Training of Teachers/Trainers in Technical and Vocational Education in Pakistan" (Muhammad Hadi Gyavri); "Challenges and Prospects in the Training of Technical and Vocational Education Teachers/Trainers in Africa" (B. Wanjala Kerre); "Training of Teachers and Trainers in Technical and Vocational Education in Jamaica" (Lurlienne Miller); "Recent Innovations in the Training of Teachers/Trainers in Technical and Vocational Education and Training in Asia and the Pacific" (M.A. Qureshi); and "Training of Teachers in Technical and Vocational Education in Poland" (Stefania Szczurkowska). (MN)
- Published
- 1997
86. Effects of Paper Mulberry Silage on the Milk Production, Apparent Digestibility, Antioxidant Capacity, and Fecal Bacteria Composition in Holstein Dairy Cows.
- Author
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Hao, Yangyi, Huang, Shuai, Si, Jingfang, Zhang, Jun, Gaowa, Naren, Sun, Xiaoge, Lv, Jiaying, Liu, Gaokun, He, Yaqin, Wang, Wei, Wang, Yajing, and Li, Shengli
- Subjects
- *
SILAGE , *DAIRY cattle , *OXIDANT status , *MILK yield , *MULBERRY , *SUPEROXIDE dismutase - Abstract
Simple Summary: Paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera; PM) is a type of roughage rich in bioactive substances, such as phenolics and flavonoids, which are beneficial for animal health. This study evaluated the apparent digestibility of PM silage in Holstein dairy cows and its effect on the milk production, antioxidant capacity, and fecal bacteria composition of the animals. The results showed that the PM silage had no significant influence on the milk yield, apparent digestibility, and fecal bacteria composition of dairy cows. However, diets with PM silage can enhance the antioxidant and immune capacity of dairy cows, mainly due to the bioactive substance in PM. Today, faced with a shortage of feedstuff resources in ruminants, PM can be a useful feed resource for ruminants. Simultaneously, with the ban on antibiotics, PM may become an important functional feed for protecting animal health. Paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera; PM) is an excellent and extensive type of roughage in Asia. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of PM silage on the milk production, apparent digestibility, antioxidant capacity, and fecal bacteria composition in Holstein dairy cows. Forty-five lactating Holstein dairy cows with a similar milk yield and parity were selected and randomly assigned to three groups. The control group was fed a non-PM silage diet, and the PM-treated groups were fed 4.5 and 9.0% PM silage supplementary diets for 28 days. Then, treatment groups were fed diets containing 13.5 and 18.0% PM silage for the next 28 days, respectively. PM silage increased the milk urea nitrogen and decreased the somatic cell count (p < 0.05), but did not affect the dry matter intake, milk yield, apparent digestibility, and energy balance of dairy cows. PM silage can enhance the blood total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, and immune globulin content (p < 0.05). The PM silage significantly decreased the relative abundance of the genera Ruminococcaceae UCG-013 and Tyzzerella-4 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, PM silage enhanced the antioxidant capacity and immunity of dairy cows, but did not influence the milk yield, dry matter digestibility, and fecal bacteria composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
87. Otto Zwartjes and Paolo De Troia, eds. Missionary Linguistics VI: Missionary Linguistics in Asia. Selected Papers from the Tenth International Conference on Missionary Linguistics, Rome, 21–24 March 2018.
- Author
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Trent Pomplun, R.
- Subjects
LINGUISTICS ,MISSIONARIES ,CONFERENCES & conventions ,WORD formation (Grammar) ,JAPANESE language - Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
88. OER on the Asian Mega Universities: Developments, Motives, Openness, and Sustainability
- Author
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Farisi, Mohammad Imam
- Abstract
The OER movement originated and integrated into ODE developments. Mega Universities (MUs) are among the most important of ODE providers worldwide should be to be the primary organizations for providing access to OER. So far, however, in-depth studies on OER developments in the Asian MUs were very limited. This study focuses on the developments, motives, openness, and sustainability of OER at the six MUs official websites in Asia. Data were collected for six months using the documentation techniques and analyzed using web content or textual analyze. Results of the study shown, that: (1) OER developments on the Asian MUs' were an ongoing process, multiyear program, and developed into three characteristics: special projects or initiatives; uploading the existing learning resources collections on the Website; and by taken out-links to the centers of OER websites worldwide. Contents of OER are very rich, diverse in categories, forms, and organized integrally into "One Stop Window". The OER materials have developed by university as well as by joined with various parties of internal and external universities; (2) OER developments are based on three motives: the altruistic motivation of sharing, ego-boost motivation, and combination of both; (3) The OER openness for use or reuse by others can be classified into five categories: openness in the public domain; openness under provision by any license; openness under guarantee by government Laws, policies, missions or visions; openness under guarantee by universities policies, missions or visions; and openness because it was developed as a special initiative of the universities; and (4) Sustainability models that have been used by MUs to makes OER become viable, and stable for the long-term are institutional, governmental, workflow, user-centered, wiki, and social software models.
- Published
- 2013
89. Stay Here, Go Further: The Status of Open and Distance Education in Bangladesh Open University (BOU) in Comparison to Two Other South Asian Countries
- Author
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Jahan, Monira, Akhter, Selina, and Habib, Rakib
- Abstract
Distance education has emerged out of social compulsion, the dynamics of change and new cultures. It was the failure of traditional systems to be able to meet the demand in countries, where the resources available for tertiary education are limited, which basically gave birth to the new trend of education known as open and distance education. This new and innovative system of education has received a high level of acceptance in different countries as it offers flexible educational opportunities for continuing education to a large segment of their population. The increasing number of older adult learners with varying lifestyles in the population, increasing competitiveness of getting places in tertiary institutions, higher cost of education and a shortage of teachers are the main factors for increasing the popularity of distance education (Duncan, "et al.," 2003). Bangladesh has also taken the opportunity to provide a uniform and mass oriented universal system of education through open and distance education establishing Bangladesh Open University (BOU) in 1992. Objectives of the Study: The main objectives of this study are: (1) to assess the overall status of BOU in comparison with the open universities of two neighboring South Asian countries considering the following aspects: (a) Administrative structural functions; (b) Courses and instructional strategies; (c) Learning opportunities, and (d) Library, laboratory and counselling facilities; (2) to explore the potential of improvement for BOU to enable it to meet the challenges of the country's educational needs in the next millennium. (Contains 1 figure and 8 tables.)
- Published
- 2012
90. Comprehensive review of solar radiation modeling based on artificial intelligence and optimization techniques: future concerns and considerations.
- Author
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Attar, Nasrin Fathollahzadeh, Sattari, Mohammad Taghi, Prasad, Ramendra, and Apaydin, Halit
- Subjects
SOLAR radiation ,ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,MATHEMATICAL optimization ,RENEWABLE energy sources ,SOLAR energy ,FEATURE selection - Abstract
An alternative energy source such as solar is one of the most important renewable resources. A reliable solar radiation prediction is essential for various applications in agriculture, industry, transport, and the environment because they reduce greenhouse gases and are environmentally friendly. Solar radiation data series have embedded fluctuations and noise signals due to complexity, stochasticity, non-stationarity, and nonlinearity with uncertain and time-varying nature. Aside from being highly nonlinear, solar radiation is highly influenced by the environment and environmental parameters such as air temperature, cloud cover, surface reflectivity, and aerosols. In addition, the spatial measurements of these variables are not readily available. To tackle these challenges, it is necessary to consider data preprocessing techniques and to develop and test precise solar radiation predicting models at different forecast horizons. There is, however, controversy regarding the performance of such models in various studies. Comparisons are not conducted systematically among the different studies. Using a critical literature review, the authors hope to answer these questions and believe that further investigation of solar radiation can benefit researchers and practitioners alike. This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of solar radiation modeling using artificial intelligence in the last 15 years and provides a novel detailed analysis of the available models. The studies conducted in different climates of the world that were published in distinguished journals were considered (i.e., 90 papers in total) for this purpose. Newly discovered procedures for optimizing forecasts, data cleaning, feature selection, classification methods, and stand-alone or hybrid data-driven models for solar radiation prediction and modeling were evaluated. The results strikingly showed that the most used artificial intelligence methods were artificial neural network, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system, and decision tree family of models. In addition, the extreme learning machine, support vector machine, and particle swarm optimization were the most used optimization techniques in solar radiation modeling. In terms of forecast horizons, the most common forecast horizon found in papers was on the daily scale (51% of studies), followed by the hourly scale (26%), and the least common was the monthly scale (18%). Based on the regional studies, the highest number of solar radiation papers originated from Asia, with Europe in second place and African countries in third place. An increasing trend in the number of papers from 2011 to 2015 was noted, and the second peak started from 2018 till the present. Under each section, a summary of findings is provided. The paper concludes with future thoughts and directions on solar radiation modeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
91. National Target for South Asia Specialists. A Report.
- Author
-
National Council on Foreign Language and International Studies, New York, NY.
- Abstract
The South Asia Panel of the National Council on Foreign Languages and International Studies reports on the need for specialists in the languages and cultures of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, and the Maldives. Two categories of specialists are discussed: (1) individuals in government, mission, etc., in mission-oriented occupations, who spend a substantial portion of their professional time dealing with one or more of the countries in South Asia; and (2) "knowledge producers," largely academics who specialize in the countries of South Asia and who bring their knowledge to the attention of practitioners and the general public. This paper first describes types of jobs that require expertise about South Asia, and then considers the kinds of knowledge now being produced by American scholars. Types of competencies needed to create and sustain the knowledge required by U.S. national interest is specified. A long-term goal is recommended for a complement of fully trained language and area-competent people in various mission-oriented occupational roles. Short- and mid-term goals for language and area proficiency are also identified. Using language ability as a surrogate for these combined linguistic, social, and cultural skills, the Panel sets up four categories: maximum (Foreign Service Institute levels 4 and 5), high (Level 3), medium (level 2), and low (levels 1 and 0). For example, an agronomist doing village work would require maximum language and area skills. Difficulties with attrition in the field are addressed, and the need for a better overall correlation between specialist development and occupational placement is examined. Two appendixes provide charts describing the distribution of work by subdiscipline and geographic area. (Contains 13 tables.) (LB)
- Published
- 1992
92. National Statement for Engaging Young Australians with Asia in Australian Schools
- Author
-
Ministerial Council on Education, Employment, Training and Youth Affairs (MCEETYA) (Australia)
- Abstract
"Engaging Young Australians with Asia" is a national policy statement which supports "The Adelaide Declaration on National Goals for Schooling in the Twenty-First Century." These goals promote understanding of the value of cultural and linguistic diversity, and possessing the knowledge, skills and understanding to contribute to, and benefit from, such diversity in the Australian community and internationally. The "Statement" identifies the broad knowledge, understandings, values and skills required to engage with Asia in the context of existing policies and practices in teaching and learning. It is based on the understanding that, across all learning areas, studies of Asia and Australia will achieve a status comparable with other studies traditionally included in the curriculum. "Engaging Young Australians with Asia" has been prepared by the Asia Education Foundation (AEF) and builds on "Studies of Asia: A Statement for Australian Schools" (Second Edition, 2000). It reflects the significant work undertaken since 1993 by all education jurisdictions and schools across Australia in integrating the study of Asia across learning areas, including Asian languages. It draws on this experience to outline six interlinked elements for education jurisdictions, schools and teachers which are optimal to assist all Australian students gain such essential capabilities from their schooling. These elements are: teaching and learning, curriculum resources, teacher professional learning, engaging parents and community, teacher education and quality assurance. The statement integrates responses from a widely representative consultation of school education stakeholders including parents, business leaders, education sectors, classroom practitioners, school principals, curriculum leaders, teacher educators and Asian Studies academics. (Contains 16 footnotes.)
- Published
- 2006
93. Challenges Associated with Sustainable Research Capacity Building: A Comparative Study between BRICS Nations and African Countries
- Author
-
Carlo Daniels, Ewelina K. Niemczyk, and Zacharias L. de Beer
- Abstract
In alignment with the theme of the conference "Education in Developing, Emerging, and Developed Countries: Different Worlds, Common Challenges," this paper brings attention to the challenges associated with the implementation of sustainable research capacity building (SRCB) in the context of BRICS nations and African countries. Employing a comparative document analysis method to explore the unique contexts of developing nations, this research provides insights and recommendations to strengthen research capacity in academia, address shared challenges and promote national prosperity. The scholarly literature revealed that higher education institutions (HEIs) in developing countries have intensified their efforts in building the research capacity of their academics and institutions. Regardless of their commitment, HEIs face challenges such as gender inequalities, teaching workloads, doctoral program deficiencies, lack of multidisciplinary research approaches and funding constraints. Addressing the challenges will require improved funding for research training and research productivity. One of the main concerns is that instead of advancing knowledge and being producers thereof, most developing countries remain knowledge consumers. The findings revealed that developing the next generation of academics plays a critical role in the sustainability of an emerging country's research system. [For the complete Volume 22 proceedings, see ED656158.]
- Published
- 2024
94. [Studies on the history of psychiatric diagnosis of the western and the eastern medicine with special reference to the papers presented at the 16th Taniguchi Symposium on the Comparative History of Medicine East and West].
- Author
-
Rhi BY
- Subjects
- Americas, Asia, Diagnosis, Europe, Historiography, History, 20th Century, Japan, Korea, Congresses as Topic history, Philosophy, Medical history, Psychiatry history
- Abstract
Scientific papers on the history of psychiatric diagnosis presented at the 16th International Taniguchi Symposium for Comparative History of Medicine-East and West which was held in 1991 in Japan were briefly reviewed and discussions and comments interchanged in this meeting were introuduced with some personal appreciation that the meeting was excellently organized and enormously successful. Particularly, the papers of medical historians and the expert in specific area like Indian medicine from North America and Europe were highly instructive. The informal gathering in the evening had offered a fascinating original report such as an old documentary film about Imu, a Japanese culture bound syndrome. One very important point was raised in this review that the comparisons between the Medicine-East and the West, particularly the translation of the Eastern medical descriptions of mental illness into the modern Western pschiatric terms should be very cautiously carried out, because by the crude identification of one medical system with the other system the uniqueness of the illness in a specific time and in a specific place might easily be overlooked. For both Japanese and Korean traditional medicine share with Chinese traditional medicine and yet they preserve their uniqueness, a small group study for comparative East Asian medicine was suggested for the more elaborated clarification of medical terms.
- Published
- 1992
95. Developing Local-Currency Government Bond Markets in Emerging Asia: Critical Factors, Challenges and Policy Actions.
- Author
-
Molnar-Tanaka, Kensuke and Imisiker, Serkan
- Subjects
EMERGING markets ,ECONOMIC conditions in Asia ,FINANCIAL markets ,PANEL analysis ,FINANCIAL institutions ,FOREIGN exchange rates ,BOND market - Abstract
This paper describes the growth of local-currency bond markets in Emerging Asia and the institutional and policy challenges facing the region's economies for their further development. It presents an empirical analysis of the relationship between local-currency government bond (LCGB) market development and the components of financial development, using panel data for selected Emerging Asian economies. The analysis seeks to identify the key determinants for the development of LCGB markets. The results show that the depth of and access to both financial markets and financial institutions have a significantly positive impact on LCGB market development. Critical factors associated with local-currency bond market depth include macroeconomic variables, the exchange-rate regime, capital account openness and creditor rights. Based on these results, the paper offers policy directions for fostering the development of local-currency bond markets in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
96. Distance Open Learning in the Developing Asian Countries: Problems and Possible Solutions. ZIFF Papiere 117.
- Author
-
Fern Univ., Hagen (Germany). Inst. for Research into Distance Education. and Ramanujam, P. R.
- Abstract
Problems facing distance open learning in the developing Asian countries were examined, and possible solutions were proposed. The prominent features of distance and open learning in 10 developed nations were identified. Existing distance education (DE) systems in developing nations in Asia, Africa, and Latin America were reviewed and found to share the following features: inadequate finances; poor communication and infrastructural facilities; the absence of clear governmental policies; limited use of audiovisual media; a shortage of experts to develop multimedia courses; a lack of financial and academic autonomy for distance teaching institutions; and distance education's low social and academic status because of quality issues. The review indicated that blindly copying Western models of DE is more dangerous than evolving indigenous models for developing countries. The future of DE in developing countries was shown to depend primarily on the ability of DE institutions to respond to the specific needs of learners at different levels. The following actions were recommended for improving DE in developing Asian countries: (1) review existing institutional structures and governance; (2) evaluate existing methods of teaching and learning and existing support systems; and (3) recognize the potential of information communication technologies and evolve appropriate policies for distance open learning. (Contains 30 references.) (MN)
- Published
- 2001
97. South Asia S&T Output during 2001-10: A Comparative Analysis of Pakistan with Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Nepal.
- Author
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Gupta, B. M. and Bala, Adarsh
- Subjects
RESEARCH ,PUBLICATIONS ,DATABASE research ,RESEARCH & development finance ,COMPARATIVE studies - Abstract
This study analyses the research output of four South Asia countries, namely Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal in S&T during 2001-10 on several parameters including its growth and country publications share in the world's research output, country publications share in various subjects in the national and global context, geographical distribution of publications, share of international collaborative publications at the national level as well as across subjects and characteristics of high productivity institutions and cited papers. The Scopus Citation Database has been used to retrieve the publication data for 10 years. Concludes that all the four South Asian countries needs to increase their output and bring about improvement in the quality of its research efforts. This can be done by investing much more in R&D expenditure, increase in the deployment of more qualified manpower and in increasing international collaboration and by modernizing and strengthening its research infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
98. A Comparative Study of Top-Ranked Asiatic Region Journals of Library and Information Science during the period 2013-2018.
- Author
-
Singh, Pankaj Kumar and Pandey, Shriram
- Subjects
INFORMATION science ,LIBRARY science ,COMPARATIVE studies - Abstract
The paper presents a comparative study of top-ranked Asiatic region journals of Library and Information Science discipline. SCImago Journal and the country rank was used to determine the top-ranked Asiatic journals in the domain of library and information science. Initially, top 10 journals were considered which filtered based on the coverage and SJR Ranked. A total of 6 Journals were considered for further evaluation and comparison, which meets different parameters and criteria. A comprehensive scientometric study was also presented of these six journals. Further, the paper presents the publication patterns of these six top-ranked journals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
99. A Lightweight Deep Learning Semantic Segmentation Model for Optical-Image-Based Post-Harvest Fruit Ripeness Analysis of Sugar Apples (Annona squamosa).
- Author
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Xie, Zewen, Ke, Zhenyu, Chen, Kuigeng, Wang, Yinglin, Tang, Yadong, and Wang, Wenlong
- Subjects
DEEP learning ,SUGAR analysis ,ANNONA ,COMPUTER vision ,FRUIT ,HEBBIAN memory - Abstract
The sugar apple (Annona squamosa) is valued for its taste, nutritional richness, and versatility, making it suitable for fresh consumption and medicinal use with significant commercial potential. Widely found in the tropical Americas and Asia's tropical or subtropical regions, it faces challenges in post-harvest ripeness assessment, predominantly reliant on manual inspection, leading to inefficiency and high labor costs. This paper explores the application of computer vision techniques in detecting ripeness levels of harvested sugar apples and proposes an improved deep learning model (ECD-DeepLabv3+) specifically designed for ripeness detection tasks. Firstly, the proposed model adopts a lightweight backbone (MobileNetV2), reducing complexity while maintaining performance through MobileNetV2′s unique design. Secondly, it incorporates the efficient channel attention (ECA) module to enhance focus on the input image and capture crucial feature information. Additionally, a Dense ASPP module is introduced, which enhances the model's perceptual ability and expands the receptive field by stacking feature maps processed with different dilation rates. Lastly, the proposed model emphasizes the spatial information of sugar apples at different ripeness levels by the coordinate attention (CA) module. Model performance is validated using a self-made dataset of harvested optical images categorized into three ripeness levels. The proposed model (ECD-DeepLabv3+) achieves values of 89.95% for MIoU, 94.58% for MPA, 96.60% for PA, and 94.61% for MF1, respectively. Compared to the original DeepLabv3+, it greatly reduces the number of model parameters (Params) and floating-point operations (Flops) by 89.20% and 69.09%, respectively. Moreover, the proposed method could be directly applied to optical images obtained from the surface of the sugar apple, which provides a potential solution for the detection of post-harvest fruit ripeness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
100. Comparison of animal welfare assessment tools and methodologies: need for an effective approach for captive elephants in Asia.
- Author
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Raman Ghimire, Brown, Janine L., Chatchote Thitaram, and Pakkanut Bansiddhi
- Subjects
ANIMAL welfare ,ASIATIC elephant ,WILDLIFE conservation ,ELEPHANTS ,ANIMAL housing ,PUBLIC welfare - Abstract
Welfare is a fundamental aspect of animal management and conservation. In light of growing public awareness and welfare concerns about captive elephants, there is an urgent need for comprehensive, globally coordinated efforts for Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) that participate in religious, logging, or tourist activities in range countries where the majority reside, and where welfare issues have been identified but not addressed. This review provides a comparative analysis of available animal assessment tools. Each offers distinct features for assessment that allow institutions to select criteria for specific needs and available resources. Most are applied to general animal welfare assessments, although some are tailored to particular species, including elephants. The tools span diverse formats, from digital to primarily paper-based assessments. Assessments operate at individual and institutional levels and across multiple welfare domains. Methodologies rely on keeper ratings or expert evaluations, incorporate numerical scoring and Likert scales for welfare grading, and encompass inputs including behaviors, health, and physiological indicators. For tourist camp elephants, one challenge is that the tools were developed in zoos, which may or may not have application to non-zoological settings. Digital tools and assessment methodologies such as keeper ratings face logistical challenges when applied across tourist venues. As with any tool, reliability, validity, and repeatability are essential and must address the unique welfare challenges of diverse captive settings. We propose that a holistic, context-specific, evidence-based, and practical tool be developed to ensure high elephant welfare standards in non-zoological facilities throughout Asia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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