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Corrosion of prestressed concrete structures causes size reduction of strands, degradation of mechanical properties of steel, cracking of the surrounding concrete, and bond decay at steel‐to‐concrete interface. In this paper, a numerical approach able to take into account all the effects involved in the corrosion process by using nonlinear finite element analysis (NLFEA) and membrane or shell elements modeling is proposed. Two different strategies are adopted to model strands: the smeared and the discrete approaches. The results obtained using these latter strategies are validated by comparing NLFEA results with experimental measurements of a naturally corroded prestressed beam tested at the "Instituto de Ciencias de la Construcción Eduardo Torroja" in Madrid. Finally, pros and cons of the proposed modeling approach are critically analyzed, demonstrating that considering the actual spatial corrosion distribution is necessary to predict the position where failure occurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the Diccionario del español jurídico ('Dictionary of Legal Spanish', DEJ), providing information on its origin and setting in the 18th and 19th centuries (a succinct reference to non-academic lexicography is incorporated), and traces the development and history of the first academic lexicographic work up to the present. The macrostructure and specifically selected Latin maxims are analyzed with the forms that they can adopt in the lemmata or within the articles, and data contained in the corresponding encyclopaedic information are discussed. An ANNEX is included with 489 Latin legal maxims from among those contained in the DEJ, which are here printed in roman and bold characters (personal or non-personal verbs, as well as segments without an express verbal predicate [which constitute "minimum units of predication"], are here expressed or omitted). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to contrast whether cognitive memory and emotional recall related to a tragic event and exposure to advertisements that evoke such an experience generates a negative emotional change in the target. We performed an experiment that analyzes emotional changes derived from advertisements featured in the national press ten years after terrorist attacks. We chose the attacks: September 11, 2001, in New York City, and March 11, 2004, in Madrid and analyze the cognitive recall in a set of Spanish and United States focus groups. The results show a significant emotional change in the respondents after the advertisement visualization that is more strongly linked to the recall of a negative event than to the advertisement creativity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, the name of Antonio Flórez has a significant value for us. In both aspects of his work as an architect –school buildings and intervention in remarkable monuments– drawing played a predominant role. In this paper, we shall discuss the far-reaching import of this fact. To the interest of his professional drawings, in line with the idea of architecture that he proposed, it is necessary to add the esthetic value of his manner of wielding his pencil. In Flórez, we always find the architect drawing –thought and action–; but, at the same time, there is also the act of the artist (a figure he always felt close to, and whose training he held was rooted in that of the architect). Even given his uniqueness and his skill in drawing and water colour, Flórez is nevertheless a clear testimony of what the practice of drawing represented for the architects trained at the Madrid School of Architecture, in the first decades of the 20th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of REICE. Ibero-American Journal on Quality, Effectiveness & Change in Education / REICE. Revista Iberoamericana Sobre Calidad, Eficacia y Cambio en Educación is the property of Red Iberoamericana de Investigacion sobre Cambio y Eficacia en Educacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper explores various theories of curriculum intending to provide a new approach—which we regard as a significant theoretical contribution—to examine the broad set of different discourses that have been shaping science education. We first introduce concepts and values that support traditional and critical curriculum theories and offer some examples of international science education discourses that could be in tune with each of these approaches. We then develop a post-critical perspective (Laclau, Emancipação e diferença, EdUERJ, Rio de Janeiro, 2011) on curriculum, with emphasis on discourse theory (Laclau and Mouffe, Hegemonía y estrategia socialista: hacia uma radicalización de la democracia, Siglo XXI, Madrid, 1987) and on categories such as discourse, articulation, nodal points, antagonism and hegemony, to identify hegemonic and counter-hegemonic discourses in the scope of Brazilian science education scholarship and teacher education. Our analysis suggests that articulations and nodal points such as scientific knowledge, method and assessment have been framing traditional curriculum features that boost the hegemony of knowledge itself. On the other hand, nodal points such as gender, society, nature, curriculum and power relations have been forging the critical curriculum perspective as a counter-hegemonic discourse in the struggle for the hegemony of knowledge to do something. Nonetheless, more important than this portrait is the disclosure that antihegemonic discourses can support researchers who work for reactivating contingency and new antagonisms to transform science education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Hidalguía is the property of Revista Hidalguia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this paper is to show the process of preparing a digital diachronic corpus based on the selection and digital edition of inventories of goods from the 18th and 19th centuries in the provinces of Madrid and Almeria. Inventories of goods which have a similar structure and are abundant in various areas of the Spanish geography, facilitate the comparison of the documents. This corpus is part of Oralia diacrónica del español (ODE), a corpus that takes as inspiration the technological model used by the European project P. S. Post Scriptum to offer an annotated corpus online using the TEITOK tool (Janssen, 2016). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Librosdelacorte.es is the property of Instituto Universitario "La Corte en Europa" - IULCE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

• Recalls a pioneering industrial use and modelling of bifacial photovoltaic modules. • Presents a two-dimensional view factor model for large bifacial photovoltaic plants. • Rear irradiance non-uniformity based on experimental bifacial-module observations. • Rear irradiance average at three points are used to predict the rear energy yield. • Energy yield gain for two photovoltaic plants, varying height and row spacing. Open questions remain regarding the use of bifacial photovoltaic (PV) modules, such as how to link the energy-yield modelling of large bifacial PV plants with further on-site measurements campaigns, the effect of the non-uniformity of the rear irradiance, as well as the convenience of varying the geometry of the plants to enhance the bifacial contribution. A simplified two-dimensional view factor model for bifacial PV plants is presented in this paper, as well as a specific definition of performance ratio (PR) for this type of installations. This model has been implemented in SISIFO --an open simulation tool --for static structures and horizontal single-axis trackers. Yearly energy yield has been simulated for two representative static and tracker PV plants located in Madrid with an albedo of 0.3 and a bifacial power coefficient of 0.7, resulting in yield increases driven by rear irradiation of 8% and 7%, respectively. In general, the influence of varying structure height is lower than that of row-to-row spacing. The model also reveals a non-homogeneous rear irradiance. This question of non-uniformity of rear irradiance is analyzed in light of experimental 10-month observations in a 6.6 kWp PV system. The average of the rear irradiance observed at the center and at the two borders of the PV array is an adequate predictor for DC power estimations. A pioneering chapter of bifacial PV modules industrialization that took place between 1984 and 1989 in Spain, and probably the first application of view factor to model bifacial PV modules, are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the field of road transport, Advanced Traveller Information Systems represent a relevant tool to manage road traffic, improve drivers' utility and make a more efficient use of transport infrastructure. Due to the growing sources of en-route information available nowadays, it is crucial to understand better its influence on drivers' behaviour, particularly with regard to route choice. Previous research in this field has mainly focused on the provision of en-route information in toll-free environments. However, few researches have explored its influence when a tolled alternative is available. This paper is aimed at exploring the influence of variable message signs (VMS) information on drivers' route choice, made between a free highway and a competing tolled alternative. To that end, we develop a binary logit analysis based on empirical data from the metropolitan area of Madrid, Spain. Results show that the type of information provided to drivers through VMS panels significantly influences their route choice when one of the alternatives is tolled. Furthermore, some combinations of messages, such as adding travel time estimates together with incident messages, greatly increase the diversion rate to the tolled route. The research also offers evidence that the influence of the information provided changes according to the type of day, which may be related to traffic conditions, and to the different types of user characteristic of weekday and weekend mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the content and degree of uniformity of meta‐stereotypes among women living homeless in Madrid, Spain, and the differences with their male counterparts. The study was conducted utilizing a structured interview with a representative sample of men living homeless (n = 158) and a convenience sample of a similar size (n = 138) of women living homeless. The results show that the meta‐stereotypes of women living homeless in Madrid are characterized by mainly negative (e.g., consumers of alcohol, drug users, lazy, criminals) or indulgent (e.g., physically and psychologically worn out, rejected by society, sick) contents, with very limited positive (e.g., courteous, respectful, polite) contents, and a high degree of uniformity. There are no major differences in the content of meta‐stereotypes of the female interviewees in terms of their age, academic background, motherhood, or nationality. Compared to men in the same situation, a larger percentage of women living homeless agree with negative and indulgent meta‐stereotypes, and a smaller percentage agree with positive meta‐stereotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reflects on the Franco dictatorship's ideological use of the bodies of Spanish Civil War dead at the Valle de los Caídos (Valley of the Fallen) monument near Madrid. It examines how from 1958 onwards human remains were exhumed from cemeteries and mass graves across Spain and reinterred at the site, and it argues that, much like the setting and architecture of the memorial complex itself, they were used politically to make a distinction in Spain's national memory between the war's winners and losers. This served as the foundation for the necropolitical legitimacy of the Franco regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides evidence about the relevant role of geography on spatial local networks in trade credit between industrial reduced size companies and distin- guishing the spatial behavior according to the firms' size and technological intensity. Using data from a survey of small and medium companies in the municipality of Madrid (Spain), we find significant spatial effects in trade credit between spatially close industrial companies. Whereas prior work has examined the temporal dynamics in trade credit with aggregated information, the spatial dimension with firm level data has not been considered before in trade credit studies and is the aim of this study. We find significant results for the spatio-temporal networks between geographically close companies which cause interaction effects in the proposed models by concluding that firms' surrounding local characteristics impact the issue of trade credit for each company. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Iberoamericana de Estudios de Desarrollo is the property of Revista Iberoamericana de Estudios de Desarrollo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista EntreLínguas is the property of Revista EntreLinguas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista del CLAD Reforma y Democracia is the property of Centro Latinoamericano de Administracion para el Desarrollo (CLAD) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios Gerenciales is the property of Universidad ICESI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Hipogrifo: revista de literatura y cultura del siglo de oro is the property of Hipogrifo: revista de literatura y cultura del siglo de oro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The psychological literature on the development of gestures during the first year of life has been limited. It has mainly focused on the development of pointing at around 11 months of age, considering it the gesture that allows triadic interactions. However, recent studies have argued for the importance of earlier ostensive gestures (showing and giving), not only as precursors of pointing, but also as important gestures for early cognitive and communicative development. These studies have also emphasized the mediating role of materiality and of others (adults and peers) in communicative acts, especially in pre-verbal interactions. This paper reports a longitudinal study of first-year infants in an Infant School classroom in Madrid. Through a microgenetic analysis both infants' gestures and teachers' educational actions related to gesture development were investigated. The results highlight (1) the central role of the teacher in the birth and configuration of infants' gestural repertoire; and (2) materiality as a configurative aspect of communicative interactions during this period as infants communicate not only about objects but through them. Among the types of gestures observed, self-directed gestures predominated, especially ostensive gestures, these being related to early self-regulation processes. Gesture development could be understood as a process of progressive distancing of the infant from or between the material world and himself/herself. In this process, the teacher can encourage, redirect, and structure the infant's productions through adjustment of their educational activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to provide evidence about the role of the geography on agri-food firms' valuations. The goal is to test clusters and agglomeration effects on the SMEs valuations. Design/methodology/approach: The authors propose an empirical test applying a spatial regression analysis on a sample constitute by 306 agri-food SMEs located in two municipalities with different economic characteristics: Murcia and Madrid. In addition, the authors applied the discounted cash flow model in order to estimate the SMEs' economic value. Findings: The findings show the importance of the geography variables on the SMEs' performances highlights interesting differences between territories. In particular, the results confirm that the geographical proximity between agri-food firms and between them and external agents is significant on firms' valuations. The agglomeration effects are verified in both municipality but the density variable present a negative non-linear effect confirming previous studies which indicates that the existence of a large number of firms 05 rise competition, decreasing the economic opportunities of these companies. Originality/value: This study gives interesting insights to policymakers, researchers and practitioners concerning the importance of the relationships among agents, also favoured by a developed infrastructures system in a fully connected environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After studying the unpublished sketches of the Spanish artist Pablo Palazuelo, this essay proposes the existence of geometric patterns that order his designs. To illustrate the proposal, this paper selects three representative projects by Palazuelo that attempt to demonstrate the presence of a working process related to a mathematical substrate. Specifically, the use of an irregular tiling is proposed for the creation of the following architectural elements: the scenery for a composition by Kandinsky (1950–1954), and the plan for a hotel on Princesa Street, Madrid, (1961). This study also examines the use of regular tessellations in the design of the ceilings of the Huarte Residence in Madrid, (1965). The treatises by Bourgoin and Ghyka have been selected from the library of Palazuelo as the primary theoretical bases of this study. This methodology constitutes a line of further research to analyze different architectural projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ZARCH: Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies in Architecture & Urbanism is the property of Universidad de Zaragoza and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this paper is to develop a spatial group-wise heteroskedasticity test based on the scan approach, specifically developed for spatial autocorrelation regression models (spatial lag and spatial error models): the "scan-LM test." Based on the Lagrange multiplier (LM) principle, its main advantage lies in its comparative ease of implementation as it is not necessary to obtain the maximum likelihood estimations for the alternative hypothesis. Moreover, when rejecting the null hypothesis, this test identifies the shape and size of the spatial clusters with different residual variance, a feature which proves very useful for specification search of the regression model. Another important benefit of the scan-LM test is that it does not require the specification of a spatial weights matrix. An extensive Monte Carlo simulation confirms the good properties of the scan-LM test in terms of size and power. This test is also robust in the presence of non-normality and other forms of a spatial heteroskedasticity. We finally propose an application on housing prices in the agglomeration of Madrid for a specific submarket: the attics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Distillation is a very important operation for purification and separation in Chemical Engineering field. The determination of the optimal distillation sequence is key to minimize the total investment and operating cost and it can be posed as a mixed integer‐linear programming (MILP) problem. To solve them and due to the high number of variables and equations, it is required the use of specific software, for example, General Algebraic Modeling System or A Mathematical Programming Language. However, these software involve long training for the student to adequately harness them. The use of non‐specialized, widespread and easy to access software programs is a good opportunity to tackle the teaching of some typical optimization problems. One of them is the Microsoft Excel Solver Tool, accessible by any engineering student who usually learn its use in the first years of their degree, so that MS‐Excel is already known when students deal with optimization problems. Additionally, it is scarcely known that Microsoft Excel Solver may tackle both real and binary variables, so it is possible to leverage it for solving MILP problems. This paper presents an example of distillation sequences problem aimed to separate a mixture comprising four different compounds with a minimal operational cost (which constitutes a MILP optimization problem indeed) solved using Excel Solver tool. This methodology was taught successfully to the students of the Master of Chemical Engineering of Rey Juan Carlos University and Autónoma University of Madrid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines coda /s/ before voiceless stops in the Spanish of Madrid. Instances of sibilant /s/, aspirated /s/, elided /s/ and velarized /s/ extracted from two reading tasks of 50 speakers are analyzed utilizing two different approaches, discrete and gradient. Among the linguistic variables found to condition coda /s/ realization in Madrid are included following segment, morphological role, word position and stress. The extralinguistic factors influencing the production of /s/ include reading task, reading order, style, age, gender and roots in Madrid. These variables found to condition /s/, however, are not uniform across the two approaches to analysis. In fact, the discrete and gradient analyses only share three of the ten factors found to affect /s/ realization. In this way, this paper contributes both a study of the distribution and variables that influence coda /s/ in Madrid as well as a comparison of two different approaches to analyzing the /s/ variable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper has as main objective to analyze from the press of greater circulation of Madrid the course of the regional and municipal elections that were held in Spain on 8th of May in 1983, in order to examine the argumentation and partisan positions of the newspapers. The methodology is based on the analysis of editorials and opinion articles that were published in ABC, Diario 16 and El País from the beginning of the electoral campaign until the evaluation of the results at the polls. The main conclusions of this article indicate that, despite their ideological differences, all the newspapers agreed that after these elections, two party system and democracy in Spain were ratified, thus ending the transitional period after Franco's death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The world of contemporary sacred art has experienced in recent decades a return to figuration linked to the rediscovery of icons. Different authors have turned to the Eastern tradition to retake a path of the sacred image that in the Church of the West had already been lost for the sake of a certain iconoclasm especially present in the central decades of the 20th century. Overcoming these moments of crisis of the sacred image, especially linked to the Liturgical Movement and its architectural expression through German functionalism, a determined attitude of recovery of the icon is observed as a category especially conducive to the creation of sacred and liturgical art, also rediscovering itself, in a more theoretical sphere, the theology associated with these plastic expressions. For this reason, we have discovered over the last decades a recovery of the icon that extends beyond the limits of the Orthodox world, creating paths of reciprocal influences between East and West. In this paper, the influence of the oriental icon in contemporary sacred art will be analyzed through the study of the contributions that Kiko Argüello and Marko Ivan Rupnik have made in the Cathedral of La Almudena in Madrid between 2004 and 2011. The comparative study of different Iconographies will allow us to appreciate the assumption and reinterpretation of eastern models as a vehicle for the renewal of western sacred art. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CORMA is a corpus of peninsular Spanish including spontaneous conversations recorded in Madrid between 2016 and 2019. The corpus was compiled in order to remedy the scarce documentation of 21st century colloquial Spanish. Indeed, a short overview of the corpora of conversational Spanish shows that there is a sharp contrast between the increasing interest in linguistic phenomena representative of this variety and the availability of suitable empirical data. This paper discusses the different steps that were taken to build the dataset, and presents the main characteristics of the final CORMA corpus. It also includes an illustration of how the data can be successfully exploited through a pilot study of the rise and spread of the intensification marker mazo (de) in young speak since the beginning of the 21st century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The traditional approach to the portfolio selection problem, the mean‐variance model, shows limitations because it assumes that any investment opportunity could be meaningfully measured in terms of means and variances of returns. The model should include other criteria, based on liquidity, the characteristics of return distributions, or environmental factors. To incorporate in the model these additional relevant aspects of the problem, alternative methodologies are needed. This paper deals with the problem by using a multicriteria approach based on compromise programming and various options to incorporate the prior information (the norm and the criteria weights). A simplified version of the model has been applied to the stocks included in the Madrid Stock Market IBEX35 index. This article is dedicated to the memory of our colleague and friend Professor Rafael Santamaría, one of the most brilliant Spanish Professors of Finance, who passed away on June 18, 2018, at the age of 57. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Itinerarios (1507-7241) is the property of University of Warsaw and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Miscelanea Comillas is the property of Universidad Pontificia Comillas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Recerca is the property of Universitat Jaume I and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Íkala: Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura is the property of Universidad de Antioquia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The singing profession in the nineteenth century allowed women to opt for a social reality that differed from the household model. Those who stood out for their vocal styling or those who wanted to develop their artistic sensitivity could have access to official or private singing education. The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of the activity carried out by women in the process of teaching-learning of singing during the nineteenth century in Spain, despite de limitations of the time. For that purpose, the focus will be on two representative vocal training institutions: the Conservatory in the public system in Madrid and the Lyric-dramatic school in the private sphere. This research is based on the review and analysis of documentation, mostly historical, through which several aspects have been recreated: the type of vocal instruction that women had access to, their role within the education system and the professional careers of those studies. Even though there were few differences between both genders during the training period, the low presence of female singing teachers in teachers' staff meetings, the limited opportunities to teach male singers, and relative paucity of places in which to publish their didactic methods demonstrate the long way that still lied ahead in achieving gender equality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This text paper shows refers to the postdoctoral internship that had as its goal the analysis of how Geography teachers from Childhood to Higher Education deal with the map as cartographic language in their classes in Madrid (Spain) and in Goiânia (Brazil), from the perspective of contributing to the geographic education. With that purpose in mind, interviews were conducted with a reduced group of working teachers from different scholar levels. As a result, it was noticed that the map has been valued in these teachers' Geography classes, however, mainly from the perspective of the spatial thought by Spanish teachers, whereas Brazilian teachers link the map to daily readings and practices. Yet, as these teachers' academic training was heavily tied to Cartography in an Euclidian perspective, the work with maps revealed itself greatly associated with the teaching of cartographic subjects. It is expected to identify similarities and differences between these teachers' practices with this study, as well as to better guide the work with the cartographic language in Geography classes using the obtained analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent decades, "LGBT neighbourhoods" or "gay Villages" have been gaining some prominence and particular characteristics within cities, representing safe spaces for the expression and negotiation of individual and collective identities as well as for the political affirmation of LGBT communities and queer identities. As other areas that have been the main drivers of urban revitalization of inner-cities, such as cultural and creative quarters or multicultural spaces, these territories distinguish for the social practices of their users and inhabitants, the specificities of their economic activity, or their contribute to creativity or social integration. More than community ghettos, these areas have been characterized by their openness and vibrancy, enhancing the coexistence of diverse lifestyles, trajectories and identities, but also by the contribution of LGBT people to the gentrification of these districts through their strong commercial, residential and symbolic presence. Drawing upon an empirical work developed in Lisbon (Príncipe Real district) and Madrid (Chueca district), based on in-depth interviews to LGBT residents and participant observation in the two neighbourhoods, this paper characterizes the main evolutionary trajectories and specificities of these two districts. An analysis is made confronting the characteristics and contingencies of these areas with other cases previously studied in literature, identifying the existence of notable differences and suggesting evidence of significant specificities, which can represent a "South European" approach to the reality of "Gay Villages". Some generic principles for urban planning are drawn out from the analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Austral Comunicacion is the property of Austral Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Display omitted] • Calculi from population in downtown Madrid (Spain) were characterised by spectral techniques. • Raman and CL techniques provide precise information about chemical and structural composition of the bladder or kidney stones. • An attempt was made to establish a correlation between the calculi type of surgically obtained samples and dietary habits. This paper reports on a comprehensive approach to characterize a set of kidney stones through various analytical techniques including ESEM-EDS, XRD, Raman, and CL spectroscopy, linked to an assessment of the patient's lifestyle and dietary habits. The use of these techniques can provide valuable insights into the underlying causes of stone formation and guide strategies for prevention and treatment. ESEM-EDS and XRD are commonly used techniques for kidney stone characterization due to their complementary nature, enabling the identification of a wide range of renal calculi. However, these techniques may not be sensitive enough to determine the detailed composition of the samples. In such cases, Raman and CL techniques can be used to provide more precise information about the chemical and structural composition of the stones. Raman spectroscopy, for example, can identify molecular phases observed under an optical microscope characterizing chemical compositions through vibrational modes associated with specific bonds. The CL spectral emission within the 250–850 nm range can also yield valuable information about the mineral phases, including the identification of structural crystallinity, hydrated molecules, Ca-OH bonds, and oxygen defects. By correlating spectral analyses with patient habits, this study identifies potential exogenous factors contributing to stone formation, including excess protein consumption, urinary bacterial infections, and oxalate-rich diets. This comprehensive approach provides a more complete understanding of the composition of kidney stones helping to personalized prevention and treatment strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present the design of a laser heterodyne radiometry instrument that combines, for the first time, frequency comb calibration and a remarkably high level of portability. A design that can, therefore, be more than capable of addressing the current need for accurate ground-based greenhouse gases monitoring in urban areas and other emission hot spots. Indeed, the compact, battery-powered system allows the acquisition of atmospheric spectral characterizations, at any location, without restrictions. As its most prominent feature, the system is equipped with an electro-optic frequency comb reference that provides a set of calibration ticks from which an accurate characterization of the absorption line shape can be obtained. Besides this, the spectrometer has been designed to promptly switch between traditional operation and wavelength modulation, so the performance of future inversion models may benefit greatly by this complementary data. The system has been tested in different locations in the Madrid region (Spain), where measurements have been carried out under a wide variety of conditions. Here, a set of highly representative results is presented clearly illustrating the capabilities of the developed system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The issues of immigrant reception and integration have attracted ample migration scholarship. However, less attention has been paid to the significance of culture in both welcome and incorporation outcomes for immigrants in Western Europe. This paper explores how culture and identity politics influence both the inclusion-exclusion and political integration of foreign populations in the new migration spaces of Dublin and Madrid. Through the examination of four case studies, namely Poles and Nigerians in Dublin and Bulgarians and Ecuadorians in Madrid, the paper surveys how the identity characteristics, both those of the newcomers and their host societies, affect the discourses of inclusion and exclusion of ethnic communities in the receiving cities. Next, the article turns to the role of cultural identity in the formation of immigrants' own perceptions of belonging or isolation in the host society. Finally, the paper studies how the granting and exercise of political rights connects with both the reception discourses and immigrants' notions of belonging in the host cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of tests carried out during the construction of a block of flats with reinforced concrete slab floors in Madrid, Spain, using the shoring, clearing and striking process. Loads on shores were recorded during the different construction stages of floor slabs 1 to 6. The experimental results were used to analyse load transmission between slabs and shores during the construction of the building. The results of the analysis showed that slab-shore load transmission differed according to the position of the span analysed, and also that variations in the construction process had a significant effect on the expected loads. The paper includes the evolving calculation developed using a non-linear numerical model to simulate the building's behaviour during the different construction phases and variations in concrete properties with time. Experimental and numerical finite-element model results are compared with those obtained by applying simplified methods that consider the real stiffness of the shoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We assessed the scientific productivity of XMM- Newton by examining XMM- Newton publications and data usage statistics. We analyse 3272 refereed papers, published until the end of 2012, that directly use XMM- Newton data. The SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) was used to provide additional information on each paper including the number of citations. For each paper, the XMM- Newton observation identifiers and instruments used to provide the scientific results were determined. The identifiers were used to access the XMM-Newton Science Archive (XSA) to provide detailed information on the observations themselves and on the original proposals. The information obtained from these sources was then combined to allow the scientific productivity of the mission to be assessed. Since around three years after the launch of XMM- Newton there have been around 300 refereed papers per year that directly use XMM- Newton data. After more than 13 years in operation, this rate shows no evidence that it is decreasing. Since 2002, around 100 scientists per year become lead authors for the first time on a refereed paper which directly uses XMM- Newton data. Each refereed XMM- Newton paper receives around four citations per year in the first few years with a long-term citation rate of three citations per year, more than five years after publication. About half of the articles citing XMM- Newton articles are not primarily X-ray observational papers. The distribution of elapsed time between observations taken under the Guest Observer programme and first article peaks at 2 years with a possible second peak at 3.25 years. Observations taken under the Target of Opportunity programme are published significantly faster, after one year on average. The fraction of science time taken until the end of 2009 that has been used in at least one article is ∼90%. Most observations were used more than once, yielding on average a factor of two in usage on available observing time per year. About 20 % of all slew observations have been used in publications. The scientific productivity of XMM- Newton measured by the publication rate, number of new authors and citation rate, remains extremely high with no evidence that it is decreasing after more than 13 years of operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We talk to first and last authors of "Checkpoint-mediated DNA polymerase ε exonuclease activity curbing counteracts resection-driven fork collapse," Grazia Pellicanò and Rodrigo Bermejo, about their paper in this issue of Molecular Cell , the critical role of their collaborators, and the research in the Bermejo lab based in Madrid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The last reforms of the ways of management of health public services, especially those carried out recently in the Autonomous Community of Madrid, have activated an intense debate about the possibility of using ways of managing with private cooperation to carry out functions related to health public services in a context of economic crisis. This paper explains the ways of private cooperation in the public health manage, specially, the concession. Also, the paper analyzes the constitutional and legal admission of this ways of manage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines issues surrounding littering in protected areas (PAs), one of the most ubiquitous and conspicuous impacts of tourism activity. In addition to obvious visual, landscape-affecting impacts, litter may have hazardous consequences for biodiversity and humans. In order to precisely assess littering in a densely populated region with high levels of visitation to natural and protected areas, we counted, measured and classified all types of non-organic litter covering an area of 1 cm2 or more found on the ground in zones intensively used by visitors (picnic areas and paths) within the 10 PAs of the Autonomous Region of Madrid. On average, 11.65 m2/ha of litter were recorded in those zones. Strict visitor management measures greatly reduced that figure. Over 75% of all litter was paper and cardboard, and plastic; 88% of litter coverage was by large pieces over 25 cm2 in size. We tested the hypothesis that the amount of waste found on paths is correlated with the distance to the entrance to a PA, but no general model fitted actual litter distribution patterns, although empirical results backed the hypothesis for most cases. A range of waste management strategies are explored and litter management measures suggested for problematic PAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]