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International audience; Hereditary distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) is a rare disorder characterized by metabolic acidosis due to impaired renal acid excretion. To date, three genes (ATP6V1B1, ATP6V0A4 and SLC4A1) have been reported to be responsible for this genetic disorder. Notably, mutations of ATP6V1B1 gene, which encode B1-subunit of H + -ATPase pump cause distal renal tubular acidosis often, associated with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Furthermore, enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) was also described in some patients with ATP6V1B1 mutations. Four Algerian unrelated patients presented with dRTA and SNHL were recruited. The ATP6V1B1 gene was preferentially analyzed in all these patients by Sanger sequencing. We identified two previously reported variants in ATP6V1B1 gene: a frameshift mutation (c.1155dupC: p.(Ile386Hisfs*56) in exon 12 and a splicing mutation in intron 2 (c.175-1G > C: p?). Both mutations were homozygous in affected members. Interestingly, one patient with p.(Ile386Hisfs*56) mutation presented profound SNHL and bilateral enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA). Our study indicates the importance contribution of ATP6V1B1 gene mutations to the pathogenesis of the dRTA in the Algerian population and will contribute to introducing principles to predict the characteristics of the dRTA in patients. Thus, screening for this gene could allow rapid patient management and provide adequate genetic counseling.