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运用透射电镜技术对采自浙江的日本医蛭和天目山蛭的光感受器—眼的超微结构进行了比较研究.发现两者的主要差别在于前者眼的色素杯浅，且宽度与深度较为接近，透光体微绒毛可卷曲；后者眼的色素杯深，其深度明显大于宽度，透光体微绒毛未见卷曲.天目山蛭感光细胞中由微绒毛组成的感光膜表面积远大于日本医蛭，因此陆生蛭类的感光能力比水生种类强，这与陆地环境的复杂性有一定关系.

采用垂直平板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对日本医蛭和天目山蛭的酯酶(ES)、苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)、过氧化物酶(POX)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH) 4种同工酶共计11个位点的15个等位基因进行了分析,4种同工酶基因在2种蛭中表达程度以及LDH同工酶酶谱相似,但是日本医蛭比天目山蛭ES同工酶多2个位点,3个基因;MDH少1个基因;POX同工酶多2个位点,2个基因;LDH同工酶等位基因表达的亚单位类型和数目不同.同时分析了冬眠与非冬眠期日本医蛭LDH同工酶活性差异的原因,为在分子水平研究蛭类分类、不同环境温度下酶的活性变化等提供和积累新的生物学资料.

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