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The impact of milling on the physical attributes of Indian minor millets, namely foxtail, little, kodo, barnyard and proso millets are examined in the present study. Dehusking and debranning processes led to a reduced 1000 kernel weight and volume but increased bulk and true density. Hardness varied significantly between all millets in all forms. Different millets differ in properties such as length, breadth, thickness, equivalent diameter, geometric mean diameter, arithmetic mean diameter, aspect ratio, surface area and sphericity in native, dehusked and debranned forms. Understanding these variations can aid in the design of storage, transportation and new millet processing machinery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surface roughness is primarily determined by the inherent characteristics of a material, the specific polishing protocol and the manual operator's dexterity. This research intends to conduct a comparative analysis between a conventional and mechanized polishing protocol concerning surface roughness and its impact on surface topography. Thirty samples were included in this in vitro study: six samples for each type of acrylic resin. All specimens underwent a polishing protocol by a conventional method and a mechanized approach with a controlled polishing tool (CPT). Profilometric measures were extracted: arithmetic mean height (Pa), skewness (Psk) and kurtosis (Pku). The Pa values acquired through both the mechanized and conventional polishing techniques are significantly lower compared to the control group. The mechanized polishing notably yielded higher roughness compared to the control group. Relatively consistent skewness and lower-to-moderate values of kurtosis were found across resin types. Differences in the dispersion and pattern for Pa were not detected between the polishing protocols. The CPT protocol reliably maintains consistent skewness and kurtosis values. The conventional protocol remains significant due to the variations observed in the Pa values obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Milling chatter, a form of self-excited vibration, can cause significant damage in machining and manufacturing processes. By selecting appropriate milling parameters, milling chatter can be effectively mitigated without sacrificing milling efficiency. Within the framework of the semi-discretization scheme, this paper introduces the Newton–Simpson-based predictor–corrector methods to compute milling stability lobe diagrams. Firstly, the milling delay differential equation is transformed into the state space form, and then the time-delayed term and the periodic coefficient matrix of the state space equation are treated as an operator. Secondly, the tooth passing period is divided into the free vibration period and the forced vibration period. During the forced vibration period, the time-delayed term and the periodic coefficient matrix are approximated as a holistic operator over two different time intervals using the Newton interpolation polynomials and the Simpson formula, respectively. Finally, the state transition matrix is constructed based on the predictor–corrector scheme, and the stability lobe diagrams are obtained by applying Floquet theory. The convergence rate and calculation accuracy of the proposed methods are compared with those of the existing predictor–corrector methods, semi-discretization, and full-discretization methods. The results show that the proposed Newton–Simpson-based predictor–corrector methods have a faster convergence rate. For the local stability lobe diagrams, the arithmetic mean of relative error (AMRE), mean squared error (MSE), and the sum of absolute error (SAE) of the proposed methods are in the ranges of 0.003 to 0.004, 2.66 × 10–10 to 6.40 × 10–10, and 6.41 × 10–4 to 9.34 × 10–4, respectively, which are much lower than those of the existing methods, indicating that the proposed methods have higher calculation accuracy than the existing methods. The current work has a broad application prospect in the field of milling stability prediction for precision machining and the selection of chatter-free milling parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that causes lung cancer. It has been measured extensively in homes and mines but research in other workplaces has been limited. The present study examined 453 workplaces in Ontario, Canada, to characterize radon levels. Radon monitors (n = 687) were placed in occupied ground floor and basement workplace locations for a minimum of three months. The radon measurements ranged from <4 to 566 Bq/m3, with a median of 26 Bq/m3, arithmetic mean of 40.2 Bq/m3, and geometric mean of 26.9 Bq/m3. Using the Health Canada and Ontario labor guideline of 200 Bq/m3, 2.5% of participating workplaces had at least one measurement above this level; 7.2% were above the World Health Organization guideline. Workplaces were also asked to fill out questionnaires to identify possible determinants of exposure. Radon levels varied significantly based on municipality and background radon zone, highlighting the importance of geography in influencing radon levels. Radon levels also varied significantly based on window-opening behavior, business access type, the presence of an elevator, air conditioning, additions to the building, and cracks and/or gaps in the foundation/wall and around drains, indicating building characteristics with some influence on air circulation may impact overall radon levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Babylon Center for Humanities Studies is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: In this study, the effects of individuals' digital obesity and phubbing behaviors on their life satisfaction were investigated by latent profile analysis (LPA) method. LPA is a statistical technique used to identify unobserved subgroups within a population based on individuals' responses to various observed variables. Methods: The present study was conducted in a correlational cross-sectional descriptive design between November 2023- January 2024. Digital obesity scale, phubbing scale, life satisfaction scale were used in this study. Results: As a result of LPA, Class 1 (Low Digital Addicts) has the lowest arithmetic mean in all indicators. When life satisfaction was analyzed on the basis of the classes, it was found out that Class 2 (High Digital Addicts), which was collected in the group with high levels of digital obesity and phubbing, had lower life satisfaction. Considering the demographic levels of individuals according to class level, it was concluded that high digital addiction was more common among individuals with secondary and postgraduate education. Conclusions: In the present study, two classes were found as a result of LPA. In the analysis, Class 1(Low Digital Addicts) was found to have the lowest arithmetic mean in all indicators. On the other hand, when life satisfaction was analyzed according to the classes, it was detected that Class 2 (High Digital Addicts) life satisfaction was lower in the group with high levels of digital obesity and phubbing. In the study, the life satisfaction of class 1, which is characterized as low digital addicts, was found to be higher. Longitudinal studies on digital addictions affecting life satisfaction are recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Between 1928 and 1934, Rudolf Carnap and Felix Kaufmann engaged in an intense discussion on the difference between two types of generalities. Kaufmann introduces the topic, but both consider it decisive for the theory of meaning and the philosophy of mathematics. That is two of the central issues in the discussions of the Vienna Circle, one related to the confrontation with Tractatus, the other to that with Principia Mathematica. Through the difference between generalities, Kaufmann brings Husserlian theories of abstraction and concept into Vienna. For the first, and perhaps the only time, a live confrontation between phenomenology and logical neo-empiricism takes place.After a brief exposition of state-of-the-art on generalities in contemporary literature, the paper presents in the first paragraph the Kaufmannian definition of the two generalities and its application to the philosophy of mathematics, in the second, the Husserlian presuppositions of the distinction in the third the first phase of the debate between Kaufmann and Carnap (1928-1931) and in the fourth the second phase (1928- 1934). The main result of the confrontation is the definition of thing language and the discussion on the extent of its extension, decisive arguments for the liberalisation of the empirical criterion of significance and thus for the fate of 20thcentury empiricism [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, ‘Ak Sakı’ and ‘Kara Sakı’ apple cultivars were collected from different locations in Erzincan province, Türkiye, and genetic diversity was determined using the Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) marker technique. The SCoT marker technique was chosen because its gene targeting, long primer, and high annealing temperature make it more effective than other marker techniques. Using ten SCoT primers, 60 bands were obtained, and 42 of them were polymorphic. The polymorphism rate was determined to be 70%. The UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean) dendrogram created using the PAUP 4.0b10 program consists of two clades. The genetic distance between apple cultivars varies between 0.13462 and 0.45614. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) results were compatible with the UPGMA dendrogram. With the SCoT marker technique, genetic diversity among apple cultivars can be determined in a shorter time and with more reliable results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We prove the inequalities of the weighted Hermite–Hadamard type the and Hermite–Hadamard–Mercer type for an extremely rich class of geometrically arithmetically-h-convex functions (GA-h-CFs) via generalized Hadamard–Fractional integral operators (HFIOs). The two generalized fractional integral operators (FIOs) are Hadamard proportional fractional integral operators (HPFIOs) and Hadamard k-fractional integral operators (HKFIOs). Moreover, we also present the results for subclasses of GA-h-CFs and show that the inequalities proved in this paper unify the results from the recent related literature. Furthermore, we compare the two generalizations in view of the fractional operator parameters that contribute to the generalizations of the results and assess the better approximation via graphical tools. Finally, we present applications of the new inequalities via HPFIOs and HKFIOs by establishing interpolation relations between arithmetic mean and geometric mean and by proving the new upper bounds for the Tsallis relative operator entropy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study operator means more general than the Kubo-Ando means. They are given as minima of geodesically convex functions and allow uniquely defined extensions to any number of variables. Multivariate hyper-means is a class of means of this type bounded from below by the arithmetic mean. We extend the definition of a hyper-man in the bivariate case and discover bivariate means that are not restrictions of the multivariate means studied earlier. We introduce the notion of reduced relative quantum entropy and prove that it is convex. The result is used to give a simplified proof of a theorem of Lieb and Seiringer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The seminal work of Kubo and Ando (Math Ann 246:205–224, 1979/80) provided us with an axiomatic approach to means of positive operators. As most of their axioms are algebraic in nature, this approach has a clear algebraic flavour. On the other hand, it is highly natural to take the geomeric viewpoint and consider a distance (understood in a broad sense) on the cone of positive operators, and define the mean of positive operators by an appropriate notion of the center of mass. This strategy often leads to a fixed point equation that characterizes the mean. The aim of this survey is to highlight those cases where the algebraic and the geometric approaches meet each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to identify the level of literary text analysis skills of students of the Arabic Language Department in the Faculties of Education in Yemeni universities and its relationship to their poetic tendencies. For this purpose, two tools were prepared: a test for analyzing literary texts, and a scale for poetic tendencies. They were administered to students of the Arabic Language Department in the fourth-level Faculties of Education in the universities of (Sana'a - Hodeidah - Thamar). The sample size was (40) male and female students. The data was statistically analyzed. The findings revealed that the level of students of the Arabic Language Department in the Faculties of Education in Yemeni universities in analyzing literary texts was weak with an arithmetic mean (1.6789) and a standard deviation (.22643) in general for the components of literary text analysis. The level of poetic tendencies among them was good with an arithmetic mean (2.9374) and a standard deviation (.68693). There was no correlation between the level of literary text analysis skills of students of the Arabic Language Department and their poetic tendencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integration of satellite-borne and ground-based global lightning location networks offers a better perspective to study lightning processes and their evolutionary characteristics within thunderstorm clouds, thereby bolstering the predictive capabilities for severe weather phenomena. Currently, the satellite-borne network is in the preliminary testing phase with a single satellite. The geographic locations of single-satellite detection events primarily rely on synchronous information from coincident ground-based network events; this method is called synchronous locating (SCL). However, variations in detection-frequency bands and system capabilities prevent this method from accurately locating more than a mere 10% of events. To address this limitation, this paper introduces a cluster-analysis-based strategy, utilizing the observations from the Worldwide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN), termed the cluster analysis locating (CAL) method. The CAL method's performance, influenced by the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN), the K-means, and the mean shift algorithms, is examined. Subsequently, an advanced version, mean shift denoised (MSDN)-CAL, is proposed, demonstrating marked improvements in location accuracy and reliability over the other CAL methods. The satellite-borne wideband electromagnetic pulse detector (WEMPD), orbiting at an altitude of approximately 500 km with a 97.5° inclination, captured 1061 strong electromagnetic pulses (EMPs). Among these, trans-ionospheric single pulses (TISPs) and trans-ionospheric pulse pairs (TIPPs) constituted 21.30% and 78.70%, respectively. Using the MSDN-CAL method successfully determines the geographic locations for 81.15% (861 out of 1061) of the events. This success rate represents an approximate eightfold enhancement over the SCL method. The arithmetic mean, geometric mean, and standard deviation of the two-dimensional range deviation of the locating results between the MSDN-CAL method versus the WWLLN-SCL (or the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Lightning Location System (GHMLLS)-SCL) method are 51.06 (176.26) km, 16.17 (92.53) km, and 100.95 (174.79) km, respectively. Furthermore, it has been possible to estimate the occurrence altitudes for 81.92% (684 out of 835) of the TIPP events. The altitude deviations, as determined by comparing them with the GHMLLS-SCL method's locating results, exhibit an arithmetic mean of 2.08 km, a geometric mean of 1.30 km, and a standard deviation of 2.26 km. The outcomes of this research establish a foundation for deeper investigation into the origins of various event types, their seasonal variations, and their geographical distribution patterns. Moreover, they pave the way for utilizing a single satellite to measure global surface reflectance, thus contributing valuable data for meteorological and atmospheric studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The incremental normal contact compliance of an elastic body beneath a frictionless indenter of arbitrary smooth shape is considered under the assumption of a simply connected domain of contact. An approximate expression for the contact stress-intensity factor in conjunction with the Griffith–Irwin formula for the variation of the elastic energy under a small perturbation of the contact contour is used to estimate the contact compliance. It is shown that the Sevostianov–Kachanov variational approach allows to derive upper and lower bounds, whose arithmetic mean is found to possess high accuracy for contacts of regular polygonal form. A number of possible generalizations are briefly discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the limit points of the sequence of arithmetic means 1 n ∑ m = 1 n { H m } σ for n = 1 , 2 , 3 , ... are studied, where H m is the mth harmonic number with fractional part { H m } and σ is a fixed positive constant. In particular, for σ = 1 , it is shown that the largest limit point of the above sequence is 1 / (e − 1) = 0.581976 ... , its smallest limit point is 1 − log (e − 1) = 0.458675 ... , and all limit points form a closed interval between these two constants. A similar result holds for the sequence 1 n ∑ m = 1 n f ({ H m }) , n = 1 , 2 , 3 , ... , where f (x) = x σ is replaced by an arbitrary absolutely continuous function f in [ 0 , 1 ] . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Stomatologica Croatica is the property of Acta Stomatologica Croatica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cubic intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets (FSs) have the efficiency to handle hybrid information, which combines intervalvalued intuitionistic FSs and intuitionistic FSs. The aim is to define operators on cubic intuitionistic FSs that are capable of more effectively handling uncertain or imprecise information contained in image data. In this piece of work, few operators on the cubic intuitionistic FSs under P - order, such as arithmetic mean (@), geometric mean ($), multiplication operator (*), '#' and necessity (□) and possibility (◇) operations on the cubic intuitionistic FSs under P - order, are defined. The concept of some more modal operators like 𝔇ά (𝒜), 𝔉𝛼́, 𝛽 ́ (𝒜), 𝔊𝛼́, 𝛽 ́ (𝒜), ℌ𝛼́, 𝛽 ́ (𝒜), ℌ∗ 𝛼́, 𝛽 ́ (𝒜), 𝔍𝛼́, 𝛽 ́ (𝒜) and 𝔍∗ 𝛼́, 𝛽 ́ (𝒜) over cubic intuitionistic FSs under P - order are introduced. Additionally, the behaviour of cubic intuitionistic fuzzy modal operators is also carefully examined. Moreover, various properties related to operations on cubic intuitionistic FSs under P-order have been thoroughly studied and demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The agricultural WSN (wireless sensor network) has the characteristics of long operation cycle and wide coverage area. In order to cover as much area as possible, farms usually deploy multiple monitoring devices in different locations of the same area. Due to different types of equipment, monitoring data will vary greatly, and too many monitoring nodes also reduce the efficiency of the network. Although there have been some studies on data fusion algorithms, they have problems such as ignoring the dynamic changes of time series, weak anti-interference ability, and poor processing of data fluctuations. So in this study, a data fusion algorithm for optimal node tracking in agricultural wireless sensor networks is designed. By introducing the dynamic bending distance in the dynamic time warping algorithm to replace the absolute distance in the fuzzy association algorithm and combine the sensor's own reliability and association degree as the weighted fusion weight, which improved the fuzzy association algorithm. Finally, another three algorithm were tested for multi-temperature sensor data fusion. Compare with the kalman filter, arithmetic mean and fuzzy association algorithm, the average value of the improved data fusion algorithm is 29.5703, which is close to the average value of the other three algorithms, indicating that the data distribution is more even. Its extremely bad value is 8.9767, which is 10.04%, 1.14% and 9.85% smaller than the other three algorithms, indicating that it is more robust when dealing with outliers. Its variance is 2.6438, which is 2.82%, 0.65% and 0.27% smaller than the other three algorithms, indicating that it is more stable and has less data volatility. The results show that the algorithm proposed in this study has higher fusion accuracy and better robustness, which can obtain the fusion value that truly feedbacks the agricultural environment conditions. It reduces production costs by reducing redundant monitoring devices, the energy consumption and improves the data collection efficiency in wireless sensor networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Excellent germplasm resources are the foundation for cultivating high-quality, disease-resistant, and stress-tolerant varieties. In this study, simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to identify 138 potato accessions collected from worldwide, and genetic cluster analysis was used to characterize the genetic diversity of the tested germplasm resources. The Potato virus Y (PVY) resistance of these potato accessions was identified by artificial friction inoculation combined with molecular marker detection, and potato accessions with different PVY resistance were screened based on disease index and incidence rate. Using SSR markers, 138 potato accessions were identified, and the results showed that the genetic distances between the tested potato germplasm resources ranged from 0.025 to 0.660, and the genetic similarity coefficients ranged from 0.489 to 0.975. The 138 accessions could be clustered into five subgroups using Unweighted Pair-Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA). Among them, Z173, Biyin No. 4, Suyin No. 2, XN995, XN987, Biyin No 22, Bibiao104, Sarpo mira, XN996, XN979, Desiree, RUNSHI, Actrice, Jia 1219, Heyin No 12, and Moyin No.1 have relatively distant genetic relationship with another 122 accessions. Based on the disease index, the following different accessions were screened: five highly resistant, 11 resistant, 45 moderately resistant, 35 susceptible, and 42 highly susceptible. Fourteen resource materials with good resistance (disease index ≤ 33.74%, and a grading of high resistance (HR) or medium resistance (MR); incidence rate ≤ 67.58%) were identified. By combining genetic cluster analysis and PVY resistance identification, six accessions showed PVY resistance and had distant genetic relationships with other accessions selected which provided important materials for disease resistance breeding and quality improvement of potato. In this study, the genetic diversity and PVY resistance of global potato germplasm resources was explored, and potato germplasm materials with important utilization value were screened. The results obtained in this study could provide important references for the research and utilization of global potato germplasm resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, an ancient Babylonian algorithm for calculating the square root of 2 is unveiled, and the potential link between this primitive technique and an ancient Chinese method is explored. The iteration process is a symmetrical property, whereby the approximate root converges to the exact one through harmonious interactions between two approximate roots. Subsequently, the algorithm is extended in an ingenious manner to solve algebraic equations. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the modified algorithm, a transcendental equation that arises in MEMS systems is considered. Furthermore, the established algorithm is adeptly adapted to handle differential equations and fractal-fractional differential equations. Two illustrative examples are presented for consideration: the first is a nonlinear first-order differential equation, and the second is the renowned Duffing equation. The results demonstrate that this age-old Babylonian approach offers a novel and highly effective method for addressing contemporary problems with remarkable ease, presenting a promising solution to a diverse range of modern challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arab Journal for Quality Assurance in Higher Education is the property of University of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arab Journal for Quality Assurance in Higher Education is the property of University of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arab Journal for Quality Assurance in Higher Education is the property of University of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The current research aimed to identify the psychometric properties of the written expression scale for children with learning disabilities. The scale consists of two dimensions: first: formal skills, second: content skills. It consists of (30) items, each item includes five responses, distributed into two dimensions and each. After containing (15) items, the research sample consisted of (40) children with learning disabilities, whose chronological ages ranged between (6 - 9) years, with an arithmetic mean (8.12) and a standard deviation (0.51), and using appropriate statistical treatments, results were reached. The research indicates that there are indicators of internal consistency, validity, and reliability for the scale of written expression among children with learning disabilities, making it a valid tool for use to achieve the goals for which it was developed. Therefore, further studies can be conducted aimed at reducing deficiencies and improving written expression among children with learning disabilities. Learning disabilities using the current scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (s.l.) and Ctenocephalides felis are among the most important year-round ectoparasites of dogs. The persistent efficacy of one treatment with fluralaner injectable suspension (Bravecto® 150 mg/ml powder and solvent for suspension for dogs, referred to as Bravecto® injectable) was investigated in a negative-controlled, randomised, partially blinded 12-month laboratory study. Methods: A total of 20 dogs were randomly allocated to two equal groups (treatment and control). Treatment-group dogs were injected subcutaneously on study day 0 with the investigational veterinary product at the recommended dose of 15 mg fluralaner/kg body weight (0.1 mL/kg), whereas the control group dogs received saline solution (0.1 mL/kg). Each dog was infested with 50 (25 female, 25 male) adult R. sanguineus s.l. and 100 adult C. felis 2 days before treatment, 5 and 28 days after treatment, and then once monthly for a 12-month period. Live tick and flea counts were performed 48 h after treatment or subsequent infestation, respectively. Efficacy was determined by comparing arithmetic means of the treatment group tick and flea counts with those of the control group. Infestation was considered adequate if at least 25.0% of ticks and 40.0% of fleas were recovered from at least six dogs in the control group at the respective assessment times. Results: Adequate R. sanguineus s.l. and C. felis infestations of control group dogs were observed at each time point. Arithmetic mean treatment group values were significantly lower than those of the control group at all time points. The immediate efficacy when treating existing infestations of R. sanguineus s.l. and C. felis (infestation 2 days before treatment), was 49.7% and 89.7%, respectively. The persistent efficacy against post-treatment re-infestations was 94.4–100% against R. sanguineus s.l. and 92.2–100% against C. felis. Seven dogs in the control group developed flea allergy dermatitis due to the repeated re-infestations over the study period, whereas no dogs in the treatment group were affected. No clinically relevant side effects were observed over the entire study period. Conclusions: The fluralaner injectable suspension (Bravecto® injectable) provides 1 year of efficacy against R. sanguineus s.l. and C. felis infestations in dogs following a single treatment, allowing once-yearly treatment, which can significantly improve owner compliance with year-round protection of dogs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current research aimed to improve academic integration, mental alertness and reduce dyslexia among primary school students with learning difficulties through a training program using the selective approach. The research sample consisted of (18) students with learning difficulties, whose ages ranged between (9-12) years, with an arithmetic mean of (10.61) and a standard deviation of (1.04). They were divided into two equal groups, the first experimental and the second control. Each of them consisted of (9) students, and the research tools consisted of the Progressive Matrices Test to Measure Intelligence (translated by: Imad Ahmed Hassan, 2016), the Neurological Survey Test (standardized by: Abdel Wahab Kamel, 2007), the Academic Integration, Mental Alertness and Dyslexia Scales, and the training program using the selective approach (prepared by: the researcher). The results showed the effectiveness of the training program using the selective approach in improving academic integration and mental alertness and reducing dyslexia in the experimental group compared to the control group, and in the post-measurement in the experimental group compared to the premeasurement. It also showed the effectiveness of the training program using the selective approach, and this was clear in the follow-up measurement, as there were no statistically significant differences between the post-measurement and follow-up measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the research is to identify the extent of the contribution of the dimensions of administrative empowerment represented in (motivation, delegation, communication, work relations, participation in decision-making) in developing organizational citizenship behaviors that include (politeness, altruism, sportsmanship, conscience awareness, civilized behavior), among employees of the administrative apparatus at Al-Azhar University (Tefahna Al-Ashraf branch). To achieve this, the descriptive approach was used, with the help of a field study during which a questionnaire was applied to a sample of (190) individuals from the employees of the administrative apparatus who were selected from the faculties, including the faculties of education, Sharia and Law (boys), and human studies and commerce (girls), (Tefahna Al-Ashraf branch in Dakahlia), affiliated to the university . The research reached several results, including: ..The degree of availability for the total dimensions of administrative empowerment is at the "medium" level, with an arithmetic mean (2.15) and a standard deviation (0.49). .The degreer total for practice behaviors of organizational citizenship is at the "large" level, with an arithmetic mean (2.41) and a standard deviation (0.16). .There is a positive and statistically significant correlation at a significance level of (01.0) between the administrative empowerment variable and the organizational citizenship variable with a correlation coefficient of (54.0), meaning that when the level of administrative empowerment increases by one degree, the organizational citizenship variable increases by (0.. 18) degrees. In light of the above, a set of proposals were reached that can be used by directors of Al-Azhar University faculties to activate the administrative empowerment approach in the methods and ways of administrative work, so that it can contribute to developing the values of organizational citizenship among the administrative apparatus in those faculties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Excellent germplasm resources are the foundation for cultivating high-quality, disease-resistant, and stress-tolerant varieties. In this study, simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to identify 138 potato accessions collected from worldwide, and genetic cluster analysis was used to characterize the genetic diversity of the tested germplasm resources. The Potato virus Y (PVY) resistance of these potato accessions was identified by artificial friction inoculation combined with molecular marker detection, and potato accessions with different PVY resistance were screened based on disease index and incidence rate. Using SSR markers, 138 potato accessions were identified, and the results showed that the genetic distances between the tested potato germplasm resources ranged from 0.025 to 0.660, and the genetic similarity coefficients ranged from 0.489 to 0.975. The 138 accessions could be clustered into five subgroups using Unweighted Pair-Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA). Among them, Z173, Biyin No. 4, Suyin No. 2, XN995, XN987, Biyin No 22, Bibiao104, Sarpo mira, XN996, XN979, Desiree, RUNSHI, Actrice, Jia 1219, Heyin No 12, and Moyin No.1 have relatively distant genetic relationship with another 122 accessions. Based on the disease index, the following different accessions were screened: five highly resistant, 11 resistant, 45 moderately resistant, 35 susceptible, and 42 highly susceptible. Fourteen resource materials with good resistance (disease index ≤ 33.74%, and a grading of high resistance (HR) or medium resistance (MR); incidence rate ≤ 67.58%) were identified. By combining genetic cluster analysis and PVY resistance identification, six accessions showed PVY resistance and had distant genetic relationships with other accessions selected which provided important materials for disease resistance breeding and quality improvement of potato. In this study, the genetic diversity and PVY resistance of global potato germplasm resources was explored, and potato germplasm materials with important utilization value were screened. The results obtained in this study could provide important references for the research and utilization of global potato germplasm resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is measuring the physical properties of banana fruits. In this study we used Dessert bananas (Musa sap.) from local dedicated banana ripening rooms in the city of Santa, Gharbia Governorate in January 2024 was selected for experimental work. Banana ripening starts with a full green fruit, then pale green, then green yellow, then yellow with green tips, then bright yellow, then pale yellow and yellow with brown spots at last. The measurements indicators are physical properties such as length (L), width (W), thickness (T) arithmetic mean diameter (Da), mm, geometric mean diameter (Dg) mm, surface area (As) mm², volume (V) mm³, and sphericity (f) % of banana fruits. The results recorded that there was a rise in length of 140.97 mm to 151.01 mm, width of 34.06 mm to 38.83 mm, and thickness of 30.67 mm to 35.77 mm, in that order. For the Size and shape index indicators of banana fruits, the results showed that the projected area and shape index increased from 1914.5 to 2259.42 mm² and from 3.83 to 4.5, respectively. Also, Elongation and Flakiness for banana fruits increased from 3.64 to 4.39 % and from 0.83 to 0.98 % respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Hanin inequality is a kind of a reverse of the non-weighted arithmetic-quadratic mean inequality defined for non-negative real n-tuples, involving maxima of the corresponding n-tuple. Our goal is to extend the Hanin inequality in several directions. We fist give two-parametric extension of the basic inequality, as well as its refinement. Then, we discuss the corresponding weighted forms of the established results. Finally, we derive several complex extensions of the Hanin inequality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to analyze the importance of management dimensions as well as the performance dimensions of rural producers' cooperatives on the overall performance of rural producers' cooperatives in Isfahan province. The statistical population of this research is the components of rural producers' cooperatives in Isfahan province. Required data were collected by completing the questionnaire by 375 persons from rural cooperatives. In this study, principal component analysis (PCA), linear regression analysis, and arithmetic mean method were used. The results of the research indicated that a unit of improvement in cooperative management led to a 67% improvement in cooperatives performance. Among the seven component dimensions of cooperatives performance, the improvement of livelihood (0.852), had the highest factor loading in the performance structure of rural cooperatives. Also, among the four component dimensions of co-operative management, the leading (0.895) has been the most important factor in the management structure of rural producers' cooperatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Detecting anomalies in engine and machinery data during ship operations is crucial for maintaining the safety and efficiency of the vessel. We conducted experiments using device data from the maritime industry, consisting of time series records from IoT (Internet of Things) datasets such as cylinder and exhaust gas temperatures, coolant temperatures, and cylinder pressures collected from various sensors on the ship's equipment. We propose data enrichment and validation techniques by generating synthetic outliers through data degradation and data augmentation with a Transformer backbone, utilizing the maritime operational data. We extract a portion of the input data and replace it with synthetic outliers. The created anomaly data are then used to train the model via a self-supervised learning approach. Synthetic outliers are generated using methods such as the arithmetic mean, geometric mean, median, local scale, global scale, and magnitude warping. With our methodology, we achieved a 17.23% improvement in F1 performance compared to existing state-of-the-art methods across five publicly available datasets and actual maritime operational data collected from the industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Alustath is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Malaysia is currently experiencing the same scenario as other countries, as the majority of consumers have shifted their preferences from locally produced rice to imported rice. This has resulted in a significant influx of imported rice into the domestic markets. Food security in the long term cannot be achieved by depending on imported food. Therefore, countries must make an effort to develop high-quality rice to meet the demand of customers. The study aimed to evaluate the grain physical traits and physicochemical properties of 30 Malaysian rice landraces to optimize the use of rice landraces in breeding programs. The grain physical traits were evaluated according to grain size, grain shape, and kernel elongation. Meanwhile, the physicochemical properties were determined by amylose content, alkali spreading value, and gel consistency. The grain length ranged from 4.14 to 8.16 mm and the grain width varied between 1.76 and 2.81 mm. The grain shapes were categorized into three types: medium, long and slender, and bold. Most of the rice landraces exhibited a low amylose content ranging from 16.07 to 19.83, while intermediate amylose content ranged from 20.00 to 23.80. The alkali spreading value showed that most of the rice landraces require an intermediate cooking time. The gel consistency exhibited a wide range, varying from soft to hard. The gel consistency exhibited the highest phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variance, with values of 42.44% and 41.88%, respectively. Most of the studied traits except for kernel elongation were identified as having high heritability and high genetic advance as a percentage of the mean. A dendrogram effectively revealed the genetic relationships among Malaysian rice landraces by generating three distinct clusters. Cluster I was primarily composed of glutinous rice landraces with a low to very low amylose content and exhibited the highest mean values for gel consistency and kernel elongation. Cluster II consisted of 13 rice landraces that had the highest mean value for milled grain length and grain shape. Cluster III was composed of rice landraces and control rice cultivars, and they exhibited the highest mean values for alkali spreading value, amylose content, and milled grain width. Bokilong, Kolomintuhon, Silou, Tutumoh, and Bidor in Cluster III exhibited comparable physicochemical properties and cooking quality traits as the control rice cultivars. The findings of this study are important for identifying potential donors for breeding programs focused on developing high-quality or specialty rice cultivars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to reveal the degree to which the managers of schools affiliated to Ma'an education possess supervisory competencies associated with modern teaching strategies. the researcher used the descriptive survey method to achieve the purposes of the current study. The results of the study showed that the managers of Public Schools in Ma'an have supervisory competencies associated with modern teaching strategies to a generally high degree with an arithmetic mean (4.0575) and a standard deviation (.593). The study recommended that Ministry of Education should pay attention to the development of extension competencies associated with the use of modern teaching strategies among public school principals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Special Needs Sciences is the property of Beni Suef University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Special Needs Sciences is the property of Beni Suef University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Special Needs Sciences is the property of Beni Suef University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Special Needs Sciences is the property of Beni Suef University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Special Needs Sciences is the property of Beni Suef University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The literature shows conflicting results regarding inter- and intra-rater reliability, even for the same movement screen. The purpose of this study was to assess inter- and intra-rater reliability of movement scores within and between sessions of expert assessors and the effects of body-shape on reliability during a movement screen using a custom online visualisation software. Methods: Kinematic data from 542 athletes performing seven movement tasks were used to create animations (i.e., avatar representations) using motion and shape capture from sparse markers (MoSh). For each task, assessors viewed a total of 90 animations. Using a custom developed visualisation tool, expert assessors completed two identical sessions where they rated each animation on a scale of 1–10. The arithmetic mean of weighted Cohen's kappa for each task and day were calculated to test reliability. Results: Across tasks, inter-rater reliability ranged from slight to fair agreement and intra-rater reliability had slightly better reliability with slight to moderate agreement. When looking at the average kappa values, intra-rater reliability within session with and without body manipulation and between sessions were 0.45, 0.37, and 0.35, respectively. Conclusions: Based on these results, supplementary or alternative methods should be explored and are likely required to increase scoring objectivity and reliability even within expert assessors. To help future research and practitioners, the custom visualisation software has been made available to the public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Understanding the relationships between taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity and endemism across environmental gradients is essential for elucidating the eco-evolutionary mechanisms that shape local plant communities. Methods: A database was compiled from field surveys, national herbarium records, and virtual records of perennial plant specimens collected in the aridity gradient of northern Chile, between 18 and 32°S. A large-scale dated phylogeny of available perennial plants was used, and 11 functional traits were selected to construct a dendrogram using the Unweighted Pair-Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) method for the species present in our database. We calculated spatial patterns of a-diversity, including taxonomic (TD), functional (FD), and phylogenetic (PD) diversity, as well as weighted (WE), functional (FE), and phylogenetic (PE) endemism. We used multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) to identify spatial congruencies and discrepancies among these dimensions and to test different eco-evolutionary processes. Results: The diversity indices TD, FD and PD showed similar geographic patterns (R2 > 0.93), with lower diversity observed in absolute desert regions. The pattern of weighted endemism (WE) showed a weak association with functional endemism (FE) and phylogenetic endemism (PE) (local R2 < 0.48). The regions with lower FD or PD than expected given the TD (i.e. FDWE and PE>WE), they are found in arid, high Andean and transitional zones, at different altitudes, which would indicate a greater presence of phylogenetic lineages and species with morpho-functional traits related to extreme environmental conditions and transitional biomes (arid-semiarid). Discussion: These spatial discrepancies suggest different eco-evolutionary drivers between the dimensions of diversity and endemism (taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic). Areas of high diversity and high endemism do not necessarily coincide, and both should be addressed by conservation efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Range maps are used to estimate the geographic extent of taxa, providing valuable information for biodiversity and conservation research and management. Freshwater macroinvertebrates are not well-represented in the range map literature relative to freshwater vertebrates. To address this knowledge gap, we provide range maps for 1158 freshwater macroinvertebrate genera based on two decades of publicly available occurrence data from the USEPA National Aquatic Resource Surveys, which included 11,628 sites and 6,906,990 organisms across the contiguous USA. Maps were created by applying unweighted and weighted pair group method with arithmetic mean clustering and single-linkage clustering algorithms to the occurrence data and creating three layers of polygons from the minimum convex hulls of clusters. A total of 25 freshwater macroinvertebrate classes are represented in the range map dataset. Most mapped genera were insects (394/1158), followed by malacostracans (242/1158), polychaetes (182/1158), and bivalves (121/1158). Additionally, we provide waterbody type percent occupancy data for all genera, detailing how genera are partitioned between boatable streams, wadeable streams, inland lakes, Laurentian Great Lakes, and coastal estuaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genetic similarity determines the extent to which two genotypes share common genetic material. It can be measured in various ways, such as by comparing DNA sequences, proteins, or other genetic markers. The significance of genetic similarity is multifaceted and encompasses various fields, including evolutionary biology, medicine, forensic science, animal and plant breeding, and anthropology. Genetic similarity is an important concept with wide application across different scientific disciplines. The research material included 21 rapeseed genotypes (ten interspecific Brassicaceae hybrids of F2 generation and 11 of their parental forms) and 146 alleles obtained using 21 ISSR molecular markers. In the presented study, six measures for calculating genetic similarity were compared: Euclidean, Jaccard, Kulczyński, Sokal and Michener, Nei, and Rogers. Genetic similarity values were estimated between all pairs of examined genotypes using the six measures proposed above. For each genetic similarity measure, the average, minimum, maximum values, and coefficient of variation were calculated. Correlation coefficients between the genetic similarity values obtained from each measure were determined. The obtained genetic similarity coefficients were used for the hierarchical clustering of objects using the unweighted pair group method with an arithmetic mean. A multiple regression model was written for each method, where the independent variables were the remaining methods. For each model, the coefficient of multiple determination was calculated. Genetic similarity values ranged from 0.486 to 0.993 (for the Euclidean method), from 0.157 to 0.986 (for the Jaccard method), from 0.275 to 0.993 (for the Kulczyński method), from 0.272 to 0.993 (for the Nei method), from 0.801 to 1.000 (for the Rogers method) and from 0.486 to 0.993 (for the Sokal and Michener method). The results indicate that the research material was divided into two identical groups using any of the proposed methods despite differences in the values of genetic similarity coefficients. Two of the presented measures of genetic similarity (the Sokal and Michener method and the Euclidean method) were the same. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychology is one of the important sciences that requires extensive study and deep understanding due to its significant impact on individuals. It is a field that has seen increased demand in recent years, especially in the educational sector, because of its effective influence on the educational process. It is one of the crucial sciences with a direct impact on enhancing and improving the performance levels of learners, making it a vital focus in scientific studies within the field of education. The research aimed to identify: *The level of communication skills among students from certain departments of the College of Basic Education at the University of Mosul. *The differences in the level of communication skills between students from certain departments of the College of Basic Education at the University of Mosul. To verify this, the researchers hypothesized the existence of: *Varying levels of communication skills among students from certain departments of the College of Basic Education at the University of Mosul. * Differences in the level of communication skills between students from certain departments of the College of Basic Education at the University of Mosul. The research sample consisted of 121 students from some departments of the College of Basic Education at the University of Mosul. To collect data, the researchers employed the "Communication Skills" scale developed by Ali Hussein Najm Al- Omrani, which included 38 items. The scale was subjected to scientific statistics before the final application on the research sample. The researchers utilized the following: arithmetic mean, standard deviation, simple correlation coefficient, percentage, theoretical mean analysis of variance for unequal samples, and the least significant difference value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exploration of alternative energy sources has gained significant traction in recent years, driven by the urgent need to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and transition towards sustainable energy. Among these alternatives, C O 2 plume geothermal and hydrothermal systems have emerged as promising options due to their potential for providing clean, renewable energy. This study presents a probabilistic investigation into the sensitivity of C O 2 plume geothermal and hydrothermal systems under various reservoir conditions in the Williston Basin, North Dakota. In addition to elucidating the impact of reservoir conditions on system performance, the study utilizes probabilistic methods to assess energy output of C O 2 plume geothermal and hydrothermal systems. Insights derived from this probabilistic investigation offer valuable guidance for the working fluid selection, systems design and optimization in the Williston Basin and beyond. Results from the sensitivity analysis reveal the profound influence of reservoir conditions on the behavior and efficiency of C O 2 plume geothermal and hydrothermal systems. Our case study on Red River Formation and Deadwood Formations shows a potential of 34% increase and 32% decrease in heat extraction based on varying reservoir conditions. Our investigations in the Beaver Lodge field within the Red River Formation yielded arithmetic mean values for C O 2 best case resources, hydrothermal resources and the C O 2 worst case as 6.36 ×   10 18 J, 4.75 ×   10 18 J and 3.24 ×   10 18 J, respectively. Overall, this research contributes to advancing the knowledge and understanding of C O 2 plume geothermal and hydrothermal systems as viable pathways towards sustainable energy production and carbon sequestration. By highlighting the sensitivity of these systems to reservoir conditions, the study provides valuable insights that can inform decision-making processes and future research endeavours aimed at fostering the transition to a low-carbon energy landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several studies have investigated the gut bacterial composition of wild ungulates in the Qinghai–Xizang Plateau. However, the relationship between their gut microbiome dendrograms and their phylogenetic tree remains unclear. In this study, we analyzed 45 amplicons (V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene) from five wild ungulates—Pseudois nayaur, Pantholops hodgsonii, Gazella subgutturosa, Bos grunniens, and Equus kiang—from the Qinghai–Xizang Plateau to clarify the relationship between their phylogenies and gut microbiome dendrograms. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis indicated that G. subgutturosa is closely related to P. nayaur; however, these results were inconsistent with their phylogenetic trees. Additionally, the indicator genera in the microbiome of each wild ungulate showed strong associations with the diets and habitats of their host. Thus, diet and space niche differentiation may primarily account for the differences between the gut microbiome characteristics of these wild ungulates and their phylogeny. In summary, our research provides insights into the evolutionary factors influencing the gut microbiome of wild ungulates in the Qinghai–Xizang Plateau. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Additive manufacturing (AM) techniques are among the fastest-growing technologies for producing even the most geometrically complex models. Unfortunately, the lack of development of metrology guidelines for these methods, related to dimensional and geometry accuracy and surface roughness, significantly limits the commercialization of finished products manufactured using these methods. This paper aims to evaluate the macro- and micro-geometry of models manufactured using the PolyJet method from three types of photopolymer resins: Digital ABS Plus, RGD 720, and Vero Clear. For this purpose, test parts were designed and then manufactured on an Object 350 Connex3 3D printer. The Atos II Triple Scan optical system and the InfiniteFocusG4 microscope were used to evaluate macro- and micro-geometry, respectively. For both systems, measurement procedures were developed to obtain statistical results for evaluating geometric accuracy and surface roughness parameters. In the case of macro-geometry, for Digital ABS Plus and Vero Clear materials, 50% of the central deviations (between first quartile Q1 and third quartile Q3) lie within the range (−0.06, 0.03 mm) and for RGD 720 material within the range (−0.08, 0.01 mm). For micro-geometry, the arithmetic mean height (Sa) values for the Digital ABS Plus and Vero Clear samples were approximately 1.6 and 2.0 µm, respectively, while for RGD 720, it was 15.9 µm. The total roughness height expressed by reduced peak height (Spk) + core height (Sk) + reduced dale depth (Svk) for the Digital ABS Plus and Vero Clear samples was approximately 9.1 and 10.5 µm, respectively, while for the RGD 720, it was 101.9 µm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]