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Peritonitis, the inflammation of the protective membrane surrounding parts of the abdominal organs, is a common clinical pathology with multifactorial aetiologies. While bacterial infections are well-recognised as a cause of peritonitis, fungal infections remain relatively uncommon especially Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is commonly used for breadmaking and as a nutritional supplement. This fungus has been reported to induce peritonitis in patients on peritoneal dialysis. However, it has never been reported as secondary to percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube insertion in immunocompromised patients. We present a 64-year-old female with a history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who developed S. cerevisiae peritonitis following PEG tube insertion. The case highlights the importance of considering rare organisms when treating immunocompromised patients with peritonitis, especially after gastrointestinal tract penetration or peritoneal membrane disruption.

Stercoral colitis is a rare but serious condition characterized by inflammation of the colonic mucosa due to impacted and hardened faecal material. The word “stercoral” means “related to faeces”. This condition usually develops due to the accumulation of hard stool masses in the colon, which cause localized inflammation and irritation. These faecalomas can exert persistent pressure on the colonic wall, causing damage and inflammation. Stercoral colitis presenting symptoms that mimic acute mesenteric ischemia is a diagnostic challenge for clinicians due to the overlap in clinical manifestations. Changes in bowel habits, bloating, and excruciating abdominal pain are potential manifestations of both illnesses, making it difficult to distinguish between them using clinical presentation. Diagnostic imaging, such as computed tomography scans, significantly discriminates between stercoral colitis and acute mesenteric ischemia. In cases where stercoral colitis mimics acute mesenteric ischemia, a thorough evaluation is essential to rule out vascular compromise. Timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial, as the management strategies for these two conditions differ significantly. Stercoral colitis often requires bowel evacuation and addressing the underlying faecal impaction. Acute mesenteric ischemia demands prompt vascular intervention to restore blood flow and prevent severe complications like bowel infarction. Given the potential overlap in symptoms and the critical importance of distinguishing between stercoral colitis and acute mesenteric ischemia, a multidisciplinary approach involving radiological imaging, clinical expertise, and timely intervention is essential for optimal patient care. This case highlights the importance of considering stercoral colitis when evaluating a patient with an acute abdomen, especially elderly patients with history of constipation.

PhotoVoltaic (PV) systems are often subjected to operational faults which negatively affect their performance. Corresponding to different types and natures, such faults prevent the PV systems from achieving their nominal power output and attaining the required level of energy production. Regarding the operational optimization of PV systems, this paper aims primarily at surveying and categorizing different types of PV faults, classified as electrical, internal, and external, where each is thoroughly investigated: internal faults occur at the PV cellular level, and can either be short circuit, open circuit, bridging, or bypass diode faults. External faults on the other side are mainly classified as temporary (i.e., clouds shading, snowstorms, etc.) or permanent (e.g., glass breakage, frame defects, etc.) mismatch faults. Lastly, electrical faults involve common circuitry problems, such as short circuits (e.g., line to ground, line to line, etc.), power processing units’ faults (e.g., inverter faults), and arc faults. As for the detection methods, six major fault detection methods are investigated for the AC side of the PV system with twenty-nine total AC based fault detection methods. On the other hand, eleven major fault detection methods are surveyed for the DC side of PV systems with seventy-three total DC based fault detection methods. The investigated methods are critically analyzed, and compared relevantly to each other, within the mutual sub-sets. The resulting tabulated comparative data assessments for PV faults (i.e., cause-effect relationships, impact on the PV system performance), as well as for faults detection methods (i.e., priority for application, etc.) compose a rich background for related PV systems’ performance security fields, where a nexus future work is also suggested.

Background and Objective: Pain is one of the most common complaints in emergency departments of trauma centers. Opioid and Non-steroidal (NSAIDs) drugs are the most widely used medications for pain control in the emergency unit. This study was aimed to compare the analgesic effects of Ibuprofen and ketorolac in patients with radius fracture. Materials and Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial evaluating 150 patients with distal radius fractures referring to emergency department of Besat hospital in Hamadan between 2016 and 2017. Patients were randomly placed in two intervention groups. The first group received IV ibuprofen 400 mg and the other group received IV ketorolac 30 mg which were infused for 30 min in both groups. The severity of pain was recorded ten min before the injection and every 30 min until 1 h after injection. Patients pain score and side effects were recorded in the data sheath and data were analyzed using statistical tests and SPSS (version 16). Results: A total of 97 males and 53 females with the mean age of 35.72 years were included in the study .There was no significant difference in the average pain scores measured by Numeric rating scale (NRS) before prescribing medications. The reduction in pain was more significant in the ketorolac group 30 min after injection (P

Background and Objective: The knee is one of the largest joints in the body that, given its specific position, is directly exposed to blunt and posterior cruciate ligament avulsion. Considering the importance of this lesion, this study was conducted with the aim of investigating the results of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) avulsion fixation in patients presenting to Besat Hospital of Hamadan, Iran, during 2013-2015. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 15 patients with acute knee injery symptoms treated with PCL fixation were studied. All the patients were operated by one surgeon. The following factors were considered in data analysis: demographic data, side of the injured knee, knee pain, lameness, swelling, posterior instability, locking, osteoarthritis changes, and mean Lysholm score. Results: This study was conducted on 13 (87%) male and 2 (13%) female patients with the mean ages of 27.2±4.3 and 24.5±0.5 years, respectively (P=0.526). Overall, 47% of the lesions were in the right knee and 53% in the left knee. After one year, we observed knee pain in 3 (20%), lameness in 5 (33%), swelling in 3 (20%), and posterior instability in 10 (67%) patients. Locking was not detected in any of the cases. Five patients (33%) were using a cane for a long time. The mean Lysholm score was 87.5. Outcome was good in six patients, satisfactory in four, and moderate in five patients. Conclusion: One year after traumatic posterior cruciate ligament avulsion fixation, knee function was moderate to excellent.

هدف البحث إلى دراسة تأثير الاستثمار بشقيه العام والخاص على القيمة السوقية للشركات المدرجة في سوق دمشق للأوراق المالية، بوجود متغيرات ضابطة مثل معدل التضخم وسعر الصرف، وذلك خلال الفترة من 1/1/2010 إلى 1/12/2021. اعتمد البحث على منهجية كمية تعتمد على تحليل البيانات الثانوية من خلال نموذج الانحدار الذاتي للإبطاءات الموزعة (ARDL) خلال الفترة الشهرية من 1/1/2010 إلى 1/12/2021، تمّ إجراء تحليل وصفى للبيانات باستخدام الإحصاء الوصفي والرسوم البيانية لفهم توزيع البيانات وتحديد وجود قيم متطرفة. تمّ بعد ذلك اختبار استقرارية المتغيرات باستخدام اختبارات جذر الوحدة (Phillips-Perron) للتأكد من صلاحية استخدام نموذج ARDL. ثم تمّ تقدير نموذج ARDL وتقييم العلاقات طويلة وقصيرة الأجل بين الاستثمار، ومعدل التضخم، وسعر الصرف، والقيمة السوقية. أظهرت نتائج البحث أنّ الاستثمار يلعب دوراً مهماً في تشكيل القيمة السوقية للشركات المدرجة في سوق دمشق للأوراق المالية، لكن هذه العلاقة تُعقّدها البيئة الاقتصادية غير المستقرة خلال فترة الحرب، حيث يُظهر تحليل النموذج أنّ الاستثمار العام يُعزز النمو على المدى الطويل، بينما يُضعف الاستثمار الخاص من القيمة السوقية. كما تُشير النتائج إلى عدم استقرار العلاقة في الأجل القصير، مما يُشدد على الحاجة إلى تحسين البيئة الاقتصادية والاستقرار السياسي في سورية لجعل الاستثمار الخاص أكثر جاذبية ولضمان قدرة السوق على التكيف مع الصدمات الاقتصادية بشكل أكثر فعالية.

The research aimed to determine the extent of Joud Household Electrical appliances commitment to the dimensions of sustainable development: economic, social and environmental. The research was based on the descriptive analytical approach, and the research community included all employees of Joud Electrical Appliances Company, and the questionnaire was relied upon as a tool to collect information, where (120) questionnaires were distributed, and (113) questionnaires valid for statistical analysis were retrieved. The results showed that Jawd Household Electrical Appliances adheres to the dimensions of sustainable development, and is of relative importance (75.04%), where the commitment to the social dimension came first, followed by the commitment to the environmental dimension, and finally the commitment to the economic dimension. هدف البحث إلى تحديد مدى التزام شركة جود للأدوات المنزلية الكهربائية بأبعاد التنمية المستدامة: الاقتصادي والاجتماعي والبيئي. اعتمد البحث على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي وشمل مجتمع البحث جميع العاملين في شركة جود للأدوات المنزلية الكهربائية, وتمّ الاعتماد على الاستبانة كأداة لجمع المعلومات, حيث تمّ توزيع (120) استبانة, وتمّ استرجاع (113) استبانة صالحة للتحليل الإحصائي. أظهرت النتائج أنّ شركة جود للأدوات المنزلية الكهربائية تلتزم بأبعاد التنمية المستدامة, وبأهمية نسبية (75.04%), حيث جاء الالتزام بالبعد الاجتماعي بالمرتبة الأولى, يليه الالتزام بالبعد البيئي, وأخيراً الالتزام بالبعد الاقتصادي.

The research aimed to determine the level of knowledge of farmers in Lattakia governorate with modern irrigation technologies (drip irrigation and sprinkling), and study the difference between farmers in the level of knowledge of these technologies according to the variables of years of experience in agriculture and the scientific qualification of farmers. The researcher relied on the descriptive analytical approach, and the research community included all farmers in Lattakia governorate, and due to the researcher's inability to obtain an accurate number for the number of farmers, (200) questionnaires were distributed randomly, and (183) questionnaires valid for statistical analysis were retrieved. The results showed that the level of farmers knowledge in Lattakia governorate with modern irrigation technologies is a high level, with a relative importance (76.04%) for drip irrigation technology, and a relative importance (71.86%) for sprinkler irrigation technology, and the results also showed that the level of farmers' knowledge of these technologies increases with the rise of years of experience in Agriculture and the higher the qualification of the farmer. هدف البحث إلى تحديد مستوى معرفة المزارعين في محافظة اللاذقية بتقانات الري الحديث (الري بالتنقيط والرش), ودراسة الاختلاف بين المزارعين في مستوى المعرفة بهذه التقانات تبعاً لمتغيري سنوات الخبرة في الزراعة والمؤهل العلمي للمزارع. اعتمد الباحث على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي, وشمل مجتمع البحث جميع المزارعين في محافظة اللاذقية, ونظراً لعدم تمكن الباحث من الحصول على رقم دقيق لعدد المزارعين تمّ توزيع (200) استبانة بطريقة عشوائية, وتمّ استرجاع (183) استبانة صالحة للتحليل الإحصائي. أظهرت النتائج أنّ مستوى معرفة المزارعين في محافظة اللاذقية بتقانات الري الحديثة هو مستوى مرتفع, وبأهمية نسبية (76.04%) لتقنية الري بالتنقيط, وبأهمية نسبية (71.86%) لتقنية الري بالرش, كما أظهرت النتائج أنّ مستوى معرفة المزارعين بهذه التقانات يزداد بارتفاع سنوات الخبرة في الزراعة وبارتفاع المؤهل العلمي للمزارع.