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Imaging-guided percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) with high thermal efficiency comprises rapid, successful management of small renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) in selected patients. Ultrasound Committee of Chinese Medical Association, Interventional Oncology Committee of Chinese Research Hospital Association developed evidence-based guidelines for MWA of RCCs after systematically reviewing the 1969–2019 literature. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, cohort, and case–control studies reporting MWA of RCCs were included and levels of evidence assessed. Altogether, 146 articles were identified, of which 35 reported percutaneous MWA for T1a RCCs and 5 articles for T1b RCCs. Guidelines were established based on indications, techniques, safety, and effectiveness of MWA for RCCs, with the goal of standardizing imaging-guided percutaneous MWA treatment of RCCs.Key pointsMicrowave ablation is recommended for managing small renal cell carcinoma in selected patients.Imaging protocols are tailored based on the procedural plan, guidance, and evaluation.Patient’s selection evaluation, updated technique information, clinical efficacy, and complications are recommended to standardize management.A joint task force (multidisciplinary team) summarized the key elements of the standardized report. Microwave ablation is recommended for managing small renal cell carcinoma in selected patients. Imaging protocols are tailored based on the procedural plan, guidance, and evaluation. Patient’s selection evaluation, updated technique information, clinical efficacy, and complications are recommended to standardize management. A joint task force (multidisciplinary team) summarized the key elements of the standardized report.

Objective To explore the expression of cyclin D1, p21WAF1, p53 and Ki-67 protein in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its relationship with prognosis of HCC patients. Methods Liver specimens were collected from 80 HCC patients who received hepatectomy in the General Hospital of PLA from Jan. 2000 to Jan. 2005, and the expressions of cyclin D1, p21WAF1, p53 and Ki-67 protein were determined by immunohistochemical staining (EliVision method) to investigate the relationship between the protein expressions and the clinicopathologic characteristics of HCC, and their relationship with the survival rate of the patients was analyzed. Results The positive expression rates of cyclin D1, p21WAF1, p53 and Ki-67 in HCC were 38.8%, 40.5%, 65.4% and 80.0% respectively, and they were significantly higher than those in matched normal tissues (19.0%, 11.5%, 0.0% and 6.3% respectively, P

Objective To explore the histological morphous,immunohistochemical and clinical features,differential diagnosis and prognosis of hepatic inflammatory angiomyolipoma(AML).Methods The clinical and pathological data of 5 patients with inflammatory hepatic AML were retrospectively analyzed followed by follow-up.The typical tissue was observed by immunohistochemical staining.Results Five patients(1 male and 4 females) aged from 21 to 48 years.Tumors were situated in left lobe of liver in 3 patients,and in right lobe in 2 patients.The tumors had a diameter of 5.5-10.0cm averaged 7.5cm.Generally,the tumors were grey-white on cut surface,without hemorrhage,necrosis and cystic degeneration.Microscopically,the tumors were consisted of spindle and epithelioid myocytes,irregular thick-walled blood vessels and adipose tissue in different proportion.A prominent infiltration of inflammatory cells,including lymphocytes,plasmocytes and histiocytes,in the background was noted in all cases.No obvious atypia and mitotic figure,and no hemorrhage,necrosis and cystic degeneration were noted in the tumor cells.It was immunohistochemically revealed that the tumor cells of all the 5 patients were positive in HMB-45,Melan-A,SMA and Vimentin,while negative in CD21,CD35,CK18,CK19,hepatocyte paraffin-1,AFP,EMA and CK.All the patients were undergone local hepatectomy without recurrence during a 3 to 9 years follow-up.Conclusion Inflammatory hepatic AML is one of the sub-types of AML,demonstrating a similar benign biologic behavior with classical AML.

AIM: To assess the clinicopathologic features and its relationship with prognosis of pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) in Chinese patients. METHODS: The clinicopathologic features and follow-up data of 92 patients with PMP were reviewed and retrospectively analyzed. The cases were categorized into three groups: disseminated peritoneal adenomucinosis (DPAM), peritoneal mucinous carcinomatosis (PMCA), and peritoneal mucinous carcinomatosis with intermediate or discordant features (PMCA-I/D). The log-rank test was used to analyze survival for each group and various clinicopathological parameters. Multivariate Cox proportional-hazard models were constructed to determine the important factors associated with survival. RESULTS: The median age at diagnosis was 51.9 years (range: 22-76 years). The median follow up was 124 mo. The 3-, 5- and 10-year survival rates were 74.0%, 67.4% and 49.1%, respectively. There were 49 (53.2%) patients with DPAM, 26 (28.3%) with PMCA-I and 17 (18.5%) with PMCA. Patients with DPAM, PMCA-I/D and PMCA exhibited statistically significant difference in survival (P = 0.001). The 3 year survival for DPAM, PMCAI/D and PMCA was 97.0%, 80.0% and 67.0%, respectively; the 5 year survival was 80.0%, 67.0% and 50.0%, respectively; and the 10 year survival was 65.0%, 28.0% and 14.0%, respectively. Survival rate was significantly lowest in patients < 40 age years of age (P = 0.011). Appendiceal tumor and extra-ovarian parenchymal organ involvement were significantly related to overall survival. Patients with appendiceal mucinous adenocarcinoma (MACA) showed the significantly poorer prognosis (P = 0.011). Multivariate analysis showed that pathological classification, age, appendiceal tumor were significant related to overall survival. CONCLUSION: The clinical process “PMP” should be pathologically classified into DPAM, PMCA and PMCA-I/D. Pathological classification, age, appendiceal MACA are survival independent predictors in Chinese patients with PMP.