104 results on '"Airway compression"'
Search Results
2. Left main bronchus compression by massive pericardial effusion: A rare cause of respiratory distress in an infant: A case report.
- Author
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Sudeep, K. C., Angurana, Suresh Kumar, Nori, Harshita, Naganur, Sanjeev Hanumantacharya, and Bhatia, Anmol
- Subjects
ADULT respiratory distress syndrome treatment ,BRONCHIAL disease diagnosis ,BRONCHIAL diseases ,PERICARDIAL effusion ,ADULT respiratory distress syndrome ,PERICARDIUM paracentesis ,COMPUTED tomography ,ATELECTASIS ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,RESPIRATORY obstructions ,PEDIATRICS ,ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY ,DISEASE complications ,CHILDREN - Abstract
Tracheobronchial compression due to cardiovascular disease is a rare cause of respiratory distress in children, and common causes include vascular slings and rings, abnormal origin of major vessels, and left atrial enlargement. Intrathoracic airway compression due to pericardial effusion is a rare cause of respiratory distress in children. Here, we present a 6-month-old male child who presented with respiratory distress due to extraluminal compression of the left main bronchus by large pericardial effusion leading to left lung collapse, which improved after pericardiocentesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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3. Long term respiratory morbidity in patients with vascular rings: a review
- Author
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Federica Porcaro, Paolo Ciliberti, Francesca Petreschi, Aurelio Secinaro, Annalisa Allegorico, Antonella Coretti, and Renato Cutrera
- Subjects
Complete vascular rings ,Incomplete vascular ring ,Airway compression ,Tracheomalacia ,Children ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Abstract Abnormalities in position and/or branching of the aortic arch can lead to vascular rings that may cause narrowing of the tracheal lumen due to external compression, or constriction of the oesophagus, causing symptoms that vary in relation to the anatomical vascular pattern and the relationship between these structures. Respiratory morbidity related to external airways compression is a major concern in children affected by vascular rings. Clinical presentation depends on the severity of the tracheal lumen reduction and the presence of associated tracheomalacia. Recurrent respiratory infections, wheezing, atelectasis, and hyperinflation are mostly reported. As they are nonspecific and therefore difficult to recognize, attention should be given to all children with history of respiratory distress, extubation failure, noisy breathing, and recurrent respiratory infections. Early diagnosis and referral to specialized centres can prevent the long-term complications and improve the respiratory outcomes of these patients. more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Pediatric airway compression in aortic arch malformations: a multidisciplinary approach
- Author
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Francesca Petreschi, Antonella Coretti, Federica Porcaro, Alessandra Toscano, Cosimo Marco Campanale, Marilena Trozzi, Aurelio Secinaro, Annalisa Allegorico, Renato Cutrera, and Adriano Carotti
- Subjects
aortic arch malformations ,airway compression ,stridor ,tracheomalacia ,surgical treatment ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
BackgroundAortic arch malformations (AAMs) should be suspected in the presence of persistent respiratory symptoms despite medical treatment or feeding problems at the pediatric age.AimWe report a descriptive cohort of patients with AAMs and the local management protocol applied.MethodsA total of 59 patients with AAM were retrospectively reviewed. Three groups were identified: double aortic arch (DAA), group 1; complete vascular ring (non-DAA), group 2; and anomalous origin of the innominate artery (IA), group 3.ResultsPrenatal diagnosis was available for 62.7% of the patients. In all, 49.2% of children were symptomatic. There was a significantly different prevalence of respiratory symptoms within the three groups: 73.7% in group 1, 24.2% in group 2, and 100% in group 3 (p-value: more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Long term respiratory morbidity in patients with vascular rings: a review.
- Author
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Porcaro, Federica, Ciliberti, Paolo, Petreschi, Francesca, Secinaro, Aurelio, Allegorico, Annalisa, Coretti, Antonella, and Cutrera, Renato
- Subjects
DISEASE risk factors ,RESPIRATORY disease risk factors ,RESPIRATORY obstructions -- Risk factors ,AORTIC diseases ,TRACHEOMALACIA ,RISK assessment ,ARTIFICIAL respiration ,EXTUBATION ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,MEDICAL referrals ,ATELECTASIS ,RESPIRATORY distress syndrome ,EARLY diagnosis ,DISEASE complications - Abstract
Abnormalities in position and/or branching of the aortic arch can lead to vascular rings that may cause narrowing of the tracheal lumen due to external compression, or constriction of the oesophagus, causing symptoms that vary in relation to the anatomical vascular pattern and the relationship between these structures. Respiratory morbidity related to external airways compression is a major concern in children affected by vascular rings. Clinical presentation depends on the severity of the tracheal lumen reduction and the presence of associated tracheomalacia. Recurrent respiratory infections, wheezing, atelectasis, and hyperinflation are mostly reported. As they are nonspecific and therefore difficult to recognize, attention should be given to all children with history of respiratory distress, extubation failure, noisy breathing, and recurrent respiratory infections. Early diagnosis and referral to specialized centres can prevent the long-term complications and improve the respiratory outcomes of these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. 3-D printing model used to streamline surgical procedures for an intricate condition of airway compression caused by devastating mediastinal chondrosarcoma: a case report
- Author
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Sen-Ei Shai, Yi-Ling Lai, Hsin-Ni Li, and Shih-Chieh Hung
- Subjects
Mediastinal chondrosarcoma ,Airway compression ,3-D printing module ,T-tube insertion ,Thoracoscopy ,Radiotherapy ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background The condition of mediastinal chondrosarcoma causing severe airway compression has never been reported before, and its complexity makes its surgical management challenging. We implemented two new techniques to overcome this problem. Creative mockup analogy of a distorted trachea and tumor lesion using a 3-D printing module, with reprogramming by computed tomography, streamlined the panorama with intricate correlation. Case presentation Our patient was a previously healthy 52-year-old slender yellow man who had no obvious medical history. In the last 3 years, upper respiratory tract infection and productive cough were noted frequently, and the patient’s symptoms were aggravated with shortness of breath when his head was positioned below 90 degrees during squatting and hunching of the body. The patient manifested prone sleep with ashen complexion, and he had lost 3–4 kg of body weight over the 3 weeks before admission to our hospital. Virtual bronchoscopy with computed tomography revealed an 8.3 × 7.5 × 4-cm lobulated right upper mediastinal mass with amorphous calcification and severe, intricate airway compression. A creative mockup analogy module of the distorted trachea and tumor was generated by 3-D printing and reprogrammed by computed tomography to streamline the sophisticated correlation. The patient underwent a two-stage operation comprising stabilization of the airway for innovative T-tube insertion preceded by thoracoscopy-assisted radical removal of the tumor. Postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy was administered. The patient recovered uneventfully and stayed healthy for 2 solid years in follow-up. Conclusions An advanced 3-D printing model provides affirmative information related to treatment strategy and is also a prospective tool for better doctor–patient communication regarding the disease. more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Airway anomalies in cases of anomalous pulmonary venous connection – A single-center experience
- Author
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Anuradha Kamath, Pankaj Punetha, Aditya N Doddamane, Kolli S Chalam, and C S Hiremath
- Subjects
airway compression ,anomalous pulmonary venous connection ,congenital ,intubation ,tracheal bronchus ,Anesthesiology ,RD78.3-87.3 ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Background: Patients with congenital heart defects may present with concomitant defects involving other organ systems. Roughly 4 percent of this nature are airway anomalies. Presence of anomalous airways summon major challenge before the anesthesiologist, surgeon, and intensivist in the perioperative management of such patients. There is paucity of literature in the study of airway anomalies in the subset of congenital anomalous pulmonary venous connections. We present the analysis of three cases of airway anomalies in patients operated for anomalous venous drainage at our center. We hope to explicate the clinical implications and management of such rare presentations. Methods: The records of all patients who underwent surgical correction for anomalous venous return between January 2016 and January 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. The records were examined for presence of any airway issues, abnormal radiological findings, perioperative intubation or extubation issues and perioperative surgical findings. Results: Amidst the 410 cases operated for congenital heart defects in this period, 92 were operated cases for anomalous pulmonary venous return, of which 3 patients presented with airway issues. One patient had an aberrant right tracheal bronchus with normal carina and bilateral main bronchial stenosis, the second patient had a hypoplastic left lung and the third patient had congenital lobar emphysema of the left lung. Conclusion: Prudent perioperative management necessitates prior evaluation and preemptive planning for airway anomalies in patients with anomalous venous return, since they can belong to the “Malinosculation Syndrome” group, which involves anomalous communication by means of small openings between the different components of lung tissue, namely, the lung parenchyma, tracheobronchial tree, arteries, and veins. more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Surgical outcomes of absent pulmonary valve syndrome: An institutional experience
- Author
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Ashvin Krishna Nair, Maruti Haranal, Ibrahim Mukhtar Elkhatim, Jeswant Dillon, Chee Chin Hew, and Sivakumar Sivalingam
- Subjects
absent pulmonary valve ,airway compression ,aneurysmal pulmonary artery ,Medicine ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Background: Absent pulmonary valve syndrome (APVS) is a variant of tetralogy of Fallot characterized by aneurysmal pulmonary arteries, which compresses the tracheobronchial tree, leading to respiratory symptoms. We report the mid-term outcomes of surgical correction of patients with APVS. Subject and Methods: A total of 27 patients underwent surgery between 2001 and 2015, and they were followed up for a mean period of 6.4 ± 4.1 years. Out of the 27 patients, 14 (51.9%) were infants. The median age at repair was 9.8 months. Preoperative intubation was required in six patients (22.2%), and 11 patients (40.7%) had symptoms of respiratory distress. The pulmonary valve was replaced with a valved conduit in 15 patients (55.6%), monocusp valve in 6 patients (22.2%), and a transannular patch in 6 patients (22.2%). Reduction pulmonary arterioplasty was done in all patients. Results: The overall 10-year survival was 82.1%. There was 81.1% overall freedom from re-intervention at 10 years. No statistically significant difference was found in 10-year survival (P = 0.464) and reoperation rates (P = 0.129) between valved conduit, monocusp, or transannular patch techniques. Older children had statistically significantly longer survival (P = 0.039) and freedom from re-intervention (P = 0.016) compared to infants. Patients without respiratory complications had 100% 10-year survival and 93.3% freedom from reoperation at 10 years compared to 55.6% and 60.1%, respectively, for patients with respiratory complications. Conclusion: There has been improvement in surgical results for APVS over the years. However, it still remains a challenge to manage infants and patients with persistent respiratory problems. more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. The Assessment of Airway Compression Due to Cervical Fusion in Klippel-Feil Syndrome Patients: A Report of Two Cases.
- Author
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Jotaki S, Taniguchi H, Miyakawa H, and Hiraki T
- Subjects
- Humans, Airway Obstruction etiology, Airway Obstruction surgery, Airway Obstruction diagnostic imaging, Anesthesia, General, Bronchoscopy, Fiber Optic Technology, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Laryngoscopy, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cervical Vertebrae surgery, Cervical Vertebrae diagnostic imaging, Intubation, Intratracheal, Klippel-Feil Syndrome complications, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
- Abstract
In general anesthesia for Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) patients, there is a potential risk of difficult intubation. However, airway assessment to predict difficult intubation for KFS patients is not known. In Patient 1, cervical spine computed tomography (CT) revealed airway compression due to cervical fusion. For airway assessment, bronchofiberscopy, three-dimensional (3-D) CT, and virtual bronchoscopic image (VBI) construction were performed. Based on these images, fiberoptic nasotracheal awake intubation was performed. In Patient 2, magnetic resonance imaging and bronchofiberscopy showed no airway compression due to cervical fusion; therefore, tracheal intubation was performed using a video laryngoscope after anesthetic administration. Airway compression due to cervical fusion is considered one of the risk factors for difficult intubation in KFS patients. more...
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Aortic uncrossing and tracheobronchopexy corrects tracheal compression and tracheobronchomalacia associated with circumflex aortic arch.
- Author
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Kamran, Ali, Friedman, Kevin G., Jennings, Russell W., and Baird, Christopher W.
- Abstract
Aortic uncrossing is an effective procedure for relieving the external airway compression from a circumflex aortic arch by transferring the aortic arch to the same side as the descending aorta. However, patients frequently have residual tracheobronchomalacia (TBM), which may result in persistent postoperative symptoms. We review a series of patients who underwent an aortic uncrossing and concomitant tracheobronchopexy to correct the airway compression and residual TBM. Retrospective review of all patients who underwent aortic uncrossing and concomitant tracheobronchopexy at a single institution between September 2016 and March 2019. Preoperative evaluation included computed tomography angiography and rigid 3-phase dynamic bronchoscopy. Eight patients who ranged in age from 4 months to 15 years with significant respiratory symptoms underwent an aortic uncrossing procedure with concomitant tracheobronchial procedures. Mild hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (mean time, 105.6 ± 39.4 min) and regional perfusion (mean time, 44 ± 10 min) were used without circulatory arrest. Intraoperative bronchoscopy demonstrated no patients had residual TBM. There were no postoperative mortalities, neurologic complications, chylothoraces, coarctations, or obstructed aortic arches. Two patients required tracheostomy and gastrostomy for bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paresis (patients 2 and 3). One patient with bronchial stenosis after concomitant slide bronchoplasty required stenting. At a median follow-up of 22 months (range, 5-34 months), all patients were alive without evidence of significant respiratory symptoms. The aortic uncrossing procedure can be performed safely in pediatric patients of all ages without circulatory arrest. Concomitant procedures addressing associated TBM can significantly improve respiratory symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Surgical outcomes of absent pulmonary valve syndrome: An institutional experience.
- Author
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Nair, Ashvin Krishna, Haranal, Maruti, Elkhatim, Ibrahim Mukhtar, Dillon, Jeswant, Chee Chin Hew, and Sivalingam, Sivakumar
- Subjects
AGE distribution ,CONGENITAL heart disease ,PULMONARY artery ,SURGICAL complications ,PULMONARY valve ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,RETROSPECTIVE studies ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,CHILDREN - Abstract
Background: Absent pulmonary valve syndrome (APVS) is a variant of tetralogy of Fallot characterized by aneurysmal pulmonary arteries, which compresses the tracheobronchial tree, leading to respiratory symptoms. We report the mid term outcomes of surgical correction of patients with APVS. Subject and Methods: A total of 27 patients underwent surgery between 2001 and 2015, and they were followed up for a mean period of 6.4 ± 4.1 years. Out of the 27 patients, 14 (51.9%) were infants. The median age at repair was 9.8 months. Preoperative intubation was required in six patients (22.2%), and 11 patients (40.7%) had symptoms of respiratory distress. The pulmonary valve was replaced with a valved conduit in 15 patients (55.6%), monocusp valve in 6 patients (22.2%), and a transannular patch in 6 patients (22.2%). Reduction pulmonary arterioplasty was done in all patients. Results: The overall 10 year survival was 82.1%. There was 81.1% overall freedom from re intervention at 10 years. No statistically significant difference was found in 10-year survival (P = 0.464) and reoperation rates (P = 0.129) between valved conduit, monocusp, or transannular patch techniques. Older children had statistically significantly longer survival (P = 0.039) and freedom from re intervention (P = 0.016) compared to infants. Patients without respiratory complications had 100% 10 year survival and 93.3% freedom from reoperation at 10 years compared to 55.6% and 60.1%, respectively, for patients with respiratory complications. Conclusion: There has been improvement in surgical results for APVS over the years. However, it still remains a challenge to manage infants and patients with persistent respiratory problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Mid-term results of correction of Tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve
- Author
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Sachin Talwar, Aabha Divya, Shiv Kumar Choudhary, Saurabh Kumar Gupta, Sivasubramanian Ramakriahnan, Shyam Sunder Kothari, Rajnish Juneja, Anita Saxena, and Balram Airan
- Subjects
Tetralogy of Fallot ,Absent pulmonary valve ,Airway compression ,Surgery ,RD1-811 ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Background: Tetralogy of Fallot and absent pulmonary valve (TOF/APV) is associated with significant pulmonary artery dilatation and airway compression. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 73 consecutive patients who underwent repair for TOF/APV between January 2005–August 2015. Mean age was 6.4 ± 5.6 years (28 days–22 years). The right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) was reconstructed using varied techniques. Freedom from RVOT gradients and re-operation was studied. Results: There were four (5.5%) early deaths, two each in infants and older children. Median ICU stay was 2 days (range, 1–12 days). Mean ICU stay for, infants, children and adults, was 6.5 ± 6.04, 2.75 ± 2.45, and 2.33 ± 1.03 days, respectively (p = 0.0762). Median hospital stay was 6 days (range, 4 to 15 days). Mean hospital stay for, infants and children and adults was 7 ± 2, 6.75 ± 2.39, and 6.33 ± 1.63 days, respectively (p = 0.325). Mean follow up was 65 ± 36.6 months (median 56 months, range 7–126 months). On follow up echocardiography, 14 (21.21%) had no pulmonary regurgitation. 21 (31.81%) had mild PR patients, 8 (12.12%) moderate PR and 19 (28.78%) had severe PR. There were five (7.5%) reoperations. Five and ten-year survival was 95% ± 2.12 and 92.3% ± 3.45 respectively. Freedom from RVOT reoperation was 93 ± 2.62% and 89 ± 3.87% at 5 and 10 years. Conclusions: In contrast to children and adults with TOF/APV, infants carry significant early mortality. But the mid-term outcome for patients who survive the initial repair of TOF/APV is acceptable. However, these patients require constant surveillance and irrespective of the methods of RVOT management, the reoperation rates are expected to be high as more of these patients survive into adulthood. more...
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. 3-D printing model used to streamline surgical procedures for an intricate condition of airway compression caused by devastating mediastinal chondrosarcoma: a case report.
- Author
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Shai, Sen-Ei, Lai, Yi-Ling, Li, Hsin-Ni, and Hung, Shih-Chieh
- Subjects
CHONDROSARCOMA ,THREE-dimensional printing ,RESPIRATORY infections ,OPERATIVE surgery ,COMPUTED tomography ,BRONCHOSCOPY ,LARYNGEAL masks - Abstract
Background: The condition of mediastinal chondrosarcoma causing severe airway compression has never been reported before, and its complexity makes its surgical management challenging. We implemented two new techniques to overcome this problem. Creative mockup analogy of a distorted trachea and tumor lesion using a 3-D printing module, with reprogramming by computed tomography, streamlined the panorama with intricate correlation.Case Presentation: Our patient was a previously healthy 52-year-old slender yellow man who had no obvious medical history. In the last 3 years, upper respiratory tract infection and productive cough were noted frequently, and the patient's symptoms were aggravated with shortness of breath when his head was positioned below 90 degrees during squatting and hunching of the body. The patient manifested prone sleep with ashen complexion, and he had lost 3-4 kg of body weight over the 3 weeks before admission to our hospital. Virtual bronchoscopy with computed tomography revealed an 8.3 × 7.5 × 4-cm lobulated right upper mediastinal mass with amorphous calcification and severe, intricate airway compression. A creative mockup analogy module of the distorted trachea and tumor was generated by 3-D printing and reprogrammed by computed tomography to streamline the sophisticated correlation. The patient underwent a two-stage operation comprising stabilization of the airway for innovative T-tube insertion preceded by thoracoscopy-assisted radical removal of the tumor. Postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy was administered. The patient recovered uneventfully and stayed healthy for 2 solid years in follow-up.Conclusions: An advanced 3-D printing model provides affirmative information related to treatment strategy and is also a prospective tool for better doctor-patient communication regarding the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Airway anomalies in cases of anomalous pulmonary venous connection - A single-center experience.
- Author
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Kamath, Anuradha, Punetha, Pankaj, Doddamane, Aditya, Chalam, Kolli, Hiremath, C, Doddamane, Aditya N, Chalam, Kolli S, and Hiremath, C S
- Subjects
SCIMITAR syndrome ,BRONCHIAL diseases ,CONGENITAL heart disease ,LUNG abnormalities ,LUNG diseases ,LUNGS ,TRACHEA ,RETROSPECTIVE studies ,RADIOGRAPHY ,DISEASE complications - Abstract
Background: Patients with congenital heart defects may present with concomitant defects involving other organ systems. Roughly 4 percent of this nature are airway anomalies. Presence of anomalous airways summon major challenge before the anesthesiologist, surgeon, and intensivist in the perioperative management of such patients. There is paucity of literature in the study of airway anomalies in the subset of congenital anomalous pulmonary venous connections. We present the analysis of three cases of airway anomalies in patients operated for anomalous venous drainage at our center. We hope to explicate the clinical implications and management of such rare presentations.Methods: The records of all patients who underwent surgical correction for anomalous venous return between January 2016 and January 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. The records were examined for presence of any airway issues, abnormal radiological findings, perioperative intubation or extubation issues and perioperative surgical findings.Results: Amidst the 410 cases operated for congenital heart defects in this period, 92 were operated cases for anomalous pulmonary venous return, of which 3 patients presented with airway issues. One patient had an aberrant right tracheal bronchus with normal carina and bilateral main bronchial stenosis, the second patient had a hypoplastic left lung and the third patient had congenital lobar emphysema of the left lung.Conclusion: Prudent perioperative management necessitates prior evaluation and preemptive planning for airway anomalies in patients with anomalous venous return, since they can belong to the "Malinosculation Syndrome" group, which involves anomalous communication by means of small openings between the different components of lung tissue, namely, the lung parenchyma, tracheobronchial tree, arteries, and veins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Airway and esophageal compression from double aortic arch in a case of pentalogy of Fallot: Anesthetic management
- Author
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Sambhunath Das and Shivani Aggarwal
- Subjects
Airway compression ,double aortic arch ,esophageal compression ,pentalogy of Fallot ,transesophageal echocardiography ,Anesthesiology ,RD78.3-87.3 - Abstract
Double aortic arch (DAA) is a rare disease requiring high index of clinical suspicion for diagnosis. If undiagnosed, it can pose a serious challenge during anesthetic induction because of dynamic nature of tracheal compression. When DAA is associated with other congenital heart diseases, anesthetic management becomes even more challenging. We report the perioperative anesthetic management of a very rare case of DAA associated with pentalogy of Fallot. more...
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Vascular airway compression management in a case of aortic arch and descending thoracic aortic aneurysm
- Author
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Alok Kumar, Vikas Dutta, Sunder Negi, and G D Puri
- Subjects
Airway compression ,Aortic aneurysm ,Fiber-optic bronchoscopy ,Tracheomalacia ,Anesthesiology ,RD78.3-87.3 ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Airway compression due to distal aortic arch and descending aortic aneurysm repair has been documented. This case of tracheal and left main stem bronchus compression due to aortic aneurysm occurred in a 42-year-old man. The airway compression poses a challenge for the anesthesiologist in airway management during aortic aneurysm repair surgery. The fiber-optic bronchoscope is very helpful in decision-making both preoperatively and postoperatively in such cases. We report a case of airway compression in a 42-year-old patient who underwent elective distal aortic arch and descending aortic aneurysm repair. more...
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Double aortic arch presenting with respiratory distress: A case report and review of the literature
- Author
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Abdelhafid Houba, Mustapha Bensghir, Redouane Ahtil, Badr Slioui, Hicham Balkhi, and Salim Jaafar Lalaoui
- Subjects
Airway compression ,anesthesia management ,double aortic arch ,infant ,Anesthesiology ,RD78.3-87.3 - Abstract
Tracheal compression by vascular structures in infants is uncommon and may be masked by nonspecific respiratory symptoms. Double aortic arch (DAA) is the most common vascular ring. We describe a case of a 9-month-old male infant presented with respiratory distress and found to have a DAA. In this report, the authors emphasize the consideration of this pathology-induced respiratory distress and discuss its anesthetic management. more...
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Unknown vascular compression of the airway in patients with congenital heart disease and persistent lower respiratory symptoms.
- Author
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ŞİŞMANLAR EYÜBOĞLU, Tuğba, ASLAN, Ayşe Tana, ÖZTUNALI, Çiğdem, TUNAOĞLU, Sedef, OĞUZ, Ayşe Deniz, KULA, Serdar, DERİNKUYU, Betül, and BOYUNAĞA, Öznur
- Subjects
- *
CONGENITAL heart disease , *BRONCHOSCOPY , *AIRWAY (Anatomy) , *RESPIRATORY diseases , *CONGENITAL heart disease diagnosis , *PATIENTS - Abstract
Background/aim: Airway compression (AC) by vascular structures is an important complication of congenital heart disease (CHD) that often goes unrecognized. It is not easy to identify whether CHD patients require additional invasive examinations or not. Therefore, the present study aims to develop an AC diagnostic algorithm for CHD patients. Materials and methods: CHD patients with persistent respiratory symptoms that were treated between January 2007 and December 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. The following data were recorded for all CHD patients with AC: age, cardiac anomalies, the compressed structure, the airway diameter ratio (ADR), the compressing structure(s), treatment, and follow-up. Results: During the 8-year study period, 62 of 253 CHD patients had persistent respiratory symptoms, of which 11 cases were diagnosed as AC via bronchoscopy and/or thoracic computed tomography angiography. The most frequently affected structures were the left main bronchus and trachea, and the most common compressing structure was the right pulmonary artery. The ADR was near total compression in 3 patients and >0.50 in 3 patients. During follow-up, 5 of the 11 patients with AC underwent surgery, 2 died, and 4 were followed clinically. Patients with ADR of >0.50 did not require surgery and were followed clinically. Conclusion: CHD patients with persistent respiratory symptoms associated with lower respiratory airway obstruction should be evaluated via invasive examination. An AC diagnostic algorithm for pediatric CHD patients was developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Bronchus compression is a predictor for reobstruction in coarctation with hypoplastic arch repair.
- Author
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Hui C, Ren Q, Zhuang J, Chen J, Li X, Cui H, Cen J, Xu G, and Wen S
- Abstract
Objectives: The surgical treatment of coarctation of aorta with hypoplastic aortic arch (CoA/HAA) was challenging to achieve long-lasting arch patency. We reviewed early and late outcomes in our centre and identified predictors for arch reobstruction., Methods: A retrospective analysis of medical records was performed to identify CoA/HAA patients who underwent primary arch reconstruction via median sternotomy between 2011 and 2020. Preoperative aortic arch geometry was analysed with cardiac computed tomographic angiography. Bedside flexible fibre-optic bronchoscopy was routinely performed after surgery in intensive care unit., Results: There were 104 consecutive patients (median age 39.5 days) who underwent extended end-to-end anastomosis, extended end-to-side anastomosis and autograft patch augmentation. Early mortality was 3.8% and overall survival was 94.1% [95% confidence interval (CI) 89.6-98.8%] at 1, 3 and 5 years. Reobstruction-free survival was 85.1% (95% CI 78.4-92.3%) at 1 year, 80.6% (95% CI 73.1-88.9%) at 3 years and 77.4% (95% CI 69.2-86.6%) at 5 years. Preoperative aortic arch geometric parameters were not important factors for reobstruction. Nineteen patients (18.3%) were detected with left main bronchus compression (LMBC) on flexible fibre-optic bronchoscopy. Cardiopulmonary bypass time [P < 0.001, hazard ratio (95% CI): 1.02 (1.01-1.03)] and postoperative LMBC [P = 0.034, hazard ratio (95% CI): 2.99 (1.09-8.23)] were independent predictive factors on multivariable Cox regression analysis of reobstruction-free survival., Conclusions: Aortic arch can be satisfactorily repaired by extended end-to-end anastomosis, extended end-to-side anastomosis and autograft patch augmentation via median sternotomy in CoA/HAA. Cardiopulmonary bypass time and postoperative LMBC detected by flexible fibre-optic bronchoscopy are significant predictors for long-term arch reobstruction., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery.) more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Intrathoracic Goiter in Elderly Patients
- Author
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Wen-Chien Huang, Chou-Hai Huang, Han-Shui Hsu, Chih-Cheng Hsieh, Wen-Hu Hsu, Tung-Hu Tsai, and Yu-Jen Chen
- Subjects
airway compression ,dysphagia ,intrathoracic goiter ,Geriatrics ,RC952-954.6 - Abstract
There are few encounters with massive thyromegaly and intrathoracic extension as a result of the general usage of iodized salt and bread, which was an early therapeutic intervention for thyroid disorders. However, cervical goiter enlargement over time may extend into the thoracic space, causing respiratory distress, dysphagia, and vascular compression. Hence, even though it may be asymptomatic, there is potential for sudden enlargement (secondary to hemorrhage), cystic degeneration, or malignant change that can be life threatening and may require surgery. Patients who underwent surgery with curative intent for intrathoracic goiter from January 1970 to July 2002 were included in this retrospective study at the thoracic surgical division of Taipei Veteran General Hospital in Taipei, Taiwan. Data were compared between patients ≥65 years of age (elderly group) and patients more...
- Published
- 2013
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21. Airway Obstruction by Transesophageal Echocardiography: Is Oblivion Bliss?
- Author
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Terri Sun and Richard Sheu
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Tracheobronchomalacia ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Airway obstruction ,medicine.disease ,Transesophageal Surgical Situation ,BLISS ,Airway compression ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Cardiology ,business ,Transesophageal echocardiography ,computer ,computer.programming_language ,ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS - Abstract
Graphical abstract, Highlights • Severe complications from TEE imaging are uncommon. • Airway compression from TEE occurs in children and as rare case reports in adults. • This can be caused by an anteflexed probe in an adult with tracheobronchomalacia. more...
- Published
- 2020
22. Vascular airway compression management in a case of aortic arch and descending thoracic aortic aneurysm.
- Author
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Kumar, Alok, Dutta, Vikas, Negi, Sunder, and Puri, G. D.
- Subjects
THORACIC aorta ,THORACIC aneurysms ,AIRWAY (Anatomy) ,BRONCHOSCOPES ,MEDICAL decision making ,MANAGEMENT - Abstract
Airway compression due to distal aortic arch and descending aortic aneurysm repair has been documented. This case of tracheal and left main stem bronchus compression due to aortic aneurysm occurred in a 42-year-old man. The airway compression poses a challenge for the anesthesiologist in airway management during aortic aneurysm repair surgery. The fiber-optic bronchoscope is very helpful in decision-making both preoperatively and postoperatively in such cases. We report a case of airway compression in a 42-year-old patient who underwent elective distal aortic arch and descending aortic aneurysm repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2016
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23. COVID‐19 in a child with tuberculous airway compression
- Author
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Helena Rabie, Regan Solomons, Pierre Goussard, Lilly M. Verhagen, Lunga Mfingwana, and Savvas Andronikou
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Tuberculosis ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,MEDLINE ,medicine.disease ,airway compression ,tuberculosis ,COVID‐19 ,Pulmonary tuberculosis ,Airway compression ,chest X‐ray ,Internal medicine ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,medicine ,Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health ,Letters to the Editor ,business ,pulmonary tuberculosis - Published
- 2020
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24. Computed tomography-guided implantation of 125I radioactive seeds in patients with malignant airway compression induced by advanced lung cancer: effectiveness and safety in 40 patients
- Author
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Jianzhuang Wang, Zhiyou Zhao, Shixin Chen, Dechao Jiao, Lijun Chen, Tao Zhang, Wei Fu, Mingjian Lu, Yonggang Ma, and Wang Yao
- Subjects
safety ,0106 biological sciences ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,brachytherapy ,Brachytherapy ,Computed tomography ,Chest pain ,malignant airway compression ,01 natural sciences ,medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,In patient ,125i seed ,Lung cancer ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,010401 analytical chemistry ,medicine.disease ,0104 chemical sciences ,lung cancer ,Oncology ,Pneumothorax ,Airway compression ,Medicine ,Radiology ,medicine.symptom ,business ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the safety and efficacy of computed tomography (CT)-guided 125I radioactive seed implantation in patients with malignant airway compression induced by advanced lung cancer. Material and methods Between June 2015 and June 2018, 40 patients from three medical institutions with malignant airway compression induced by advanced lung cancer were treated with 125I seed implantation. The outcomes were measured in technical success and safety, objective response rate, complications, Karnofsky performance status (KPS) score, and survival time. Results All 40 patients successfully underwent implantation procedure. No procedure-associated death occurred. The most common complications were irritable cough, temporary hemoptysis, chest pain, fever, and pneumothorax, which occurred in 26 (65.0%), 31 (77.5%), 12 (30.0%), 15 (37.5%), and 11 (27.5%) patients, respectively. The objective response rates were 100%, 100%, 100%, 87.5%, and 83.3% at the 3rd, 6th, 12th, 24th, and 36th months post-procedure, respectively. The KPS score significantly improved at post-procedure. Median survival time was 25.1 months. Actuarial survival rates were 100%, 60%, and 15% at the 12th, 24th, and 36th months after the procedure, respectively. Conclusions For patients with malignant airway compression induced by advanced lung cancer, implantation with 125I seed is a safe and effective alternative treatment option. more...
- Published
- 2020
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25. 3-D printing model used to streamline surgical procedures for an intricate condition of airway compression caused by devastating mediastinal chondrosarcoma: a case report
- Author
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Hsin-Ni Li, Shih-Chieh Hung, Yi-Ling Lai, and Sen-Ei Shai
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,3-D printing module ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Mediastinal chondrosarcoma ,lcsh:Medicine ,Case Report ,T-tube insertion ,Bronchoscopy ,Thoracoscopy ,medicine ,Medical history ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Radiotherapy ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Radiation therapy ,Upper respiratory tract infection ,Airway compression ,Radiology ,Chondrosarcoma ,business ,Airway - Abstract
Background The condition of mediastinal chondrosarcoma causing severe airway compression has never been reported before, and its complexity makes its surgical management challenging. We implemented two new techniques to overcome this problem. Creative mockup analogy of a distorted trachea and tumor lesion using a 3-D printing module, with reprogramming by computed tomography, streamlined the panorama with intricate correlation. Case presentation Our patient was a previously healthy 52-year-old slender yellow man who had no obvious medical history. In the last 3 years, upper respiratory tract infection and productive cough were noted frequently, and the patient’s symptoms were aggravated with shortness of breath when his head was positioned below 90 degrees during squatting and hunching of the body. The patient manifested prone sleep with ashen complexion, and he had lost 3–4 kg of body weight over the 3 weeks before admission to our hospital. Virtual bronchoscopy with computed tomography revealed an 8.3 × 7.5 × 4-cm lobulated right upper mediastinal mass with amorphous calcification and severe, intricate airway compression. A creative mockup analogy module of the distorted trachea and tumor was generated by 3-D printing and reprogrammed by computed tomography to streamline the sophisticated correlation. The patient underwent a two-stage operation comprising stabilization of the airway for innovative T-tube insertion preceded by thoracoscopy-assisted radical removal of the tumor. Postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy was administered. The patient recovered uneventfully and stayed healthy for 2 solid years in follow-up. Conclusions An advanced 3-D printing model provides affirmative information related to treatment strategy and is also a prospective tool for better doctor–patient communication regarding the disease. more...
- Published
- 2020
26. Aortic arch aneurysm. Tracheobronchial compression as a vital indication for emergency surgery: A case report
- Author
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Alexander Danachev, Maxim Saliba, Ivan Ivashov, Roman Komarov, Alisher Ismailbaev, and Nikolay Kurasov
- Subjects
Aortic arch ,Aorta ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Aortic arch aneurysms ,business.industry ,Fistula ,Case Report ,Aorta-tracheal fistula ,medicine.disease ,Compression (physics) ,Surgery ,Pneumonia ,Bronchoscopy ,medicine.artery ,medicine ,cardiovascular system ,Presentation (obstetrics) ,Complication ,business ,Airway compression - Abstract
Introduction Giant thoracic aortic aneurysms and aortic arch dissections are accompanied by high mortality rates, cardiac and neurologic events and pulmonary complications. Tracheobronchial compression with aorta-tracheal fistula is a rare complication of the aorta aneurysms. Aortic arch replacement in such case presents several formidable challenges. Presentation of case This is the case report of successful surgical treatment of giant aortic arch aneurysm, complicated by airway compression, aorta-tracheal fistula and recurrent community-acquired pneumonia. Discussion Urgent indications for the aortic arch aneurysms surgery include significant size and high risk of rupture. As well as a visceral compression are presented. Bronchoscopy can be used to successfully treatment at all stages from trachea intubation to extubation. Conclusion Aggressive surgical approach with careful pre-operative diagnostic are the key to success and the only one chance for patients with aortic arch aneurysm, complicated by airway compression., Highlights • Aorta-tracheal fistula is rare and formidable complication of the aortic aneurysms. • A giant thoracic aortic aneurism leads to bronchial compression and pneumonia. • Airway compression syndrome is an independent predictor of emergency surgery. more...
- Published
- 2021
27. External Stenting for Bronchomalacia Involving the Bronchus Intermedius
- Author
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Jin Ikarashi, Hidetsugu Asai, Yuchen Cao, and Tsuyoshi Tachibana
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Bronchi ,Malacia ,medicine ,Recurrent respiratory infections ,Humans ,Bronchus ,business.industry ,Bronchomalacia ,Infant ,respiratory system ,Absent pulmonary valve syndrome ,Thoracic Surgical Procedures ,equipment and supplies ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,Surgery ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Airway compression ,Female ,Stents ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Airway - Abstract
In recent years, external stenting has been used as a reliable method to relieve airway compression of the trachea and main bronchi in young children with acceptable age-proportional airway growth. However, to our knowledge, no literature supporting this approach for the distal airway has been published. A 1-year-old girl with absent pulmonary valve syndrome who had recurrent respiratory infections was diagnosed with bronchomalacia. She underwent an external stenting; the infections disappeared postoperatively. This is the first reported case of successful external stenting for malacia of the bronchus intermedius, which exhibited short- and mid-term safety and effectiveness. more...
- Published
- 2021
28. Anesthetic Management of Right Brachiocephalic Artery Aneurysm Causing Tracheal Compression
- Author
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Varun Arora, Hashmukh Patel, Vivek Wadhawa, and Ritesh Shah
- Subjects
Aortic arch ,medicine.medical_specialty ,right subclavian artery ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Subclavian Artery ,Anesthetic management ,Aorta, Thoracic ,Aneurysm ,Anesthesiology ,medicine.artery ,Brachiocephalic artery ,medicine ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,Humans ,RD78.3-87.3 ,TRACHEAL COMPRESSION ,cardiovascular diseases ,pseudo aneurysm ,Brachiocephalic Trunk ,Anesthetics ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Pseudo aneurysm ,respiratory system ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,respiratory tract diseases ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Airway compression ,RC666-701 ,cardiovascular system ,Airway management ,Interesting Image ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
The airway compression poses a challenge for the anesthesiologist in airway management during aneurysm repair surgery.
- Published
- 2021
29. Coagulation Inhibitors in COVID-19 Leading to Compressive Airway Hematoma
- Author
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Amr Mohamed
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Gastrointestinal bleeding ,covid coagulopathy ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,covid 19 ,General Engineering ,Infectious Disease ,Hematology ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Hematoma ,Coagulation ,Airway compression ,medicine ,General hospital ,Airway ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Dexamethasone ,medicine.drug - Abstract
We are focusing on three things for every patient in the hospital with COVID-19, namely dexamethasone, remdesivir and enhanced anticoagulation protocols as this had shown improved mortality. However, the bleeding risk in these patients has not been taken into consideration. In our ICU setting at Rochester General hospital, we have seen too many cases with gastrointestinal bleeding and hemoptysis in COVID-19 patients. In this case, we report bleeding related to central access removal related to coagulation inhibitors that lead to airway compression. The aim of this case is to keep bleeding tendency of COVID-19 patients on the radar and to delineate that it has clear severe consequences just as clotting. more...
- Published
- 2021
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30. Double aortic arch presenting with respiratory distress: A case report and review of the literature.
- Author
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Houba, Abdelhafid, Bensghir, Mustapha, Ahtil, Redouane, Slioui, Badr, Balkhi, Hicham, and Lalaoui, Salim Jaafar
- Subjects
NEONATAL intensive care ,TRACHEAL diseases ,RESPIRATORY diseases ,ANESTHETIC synthesis ,RESPIRATORY distress syndrome ,VASCULAR diseases ,PATIENTS ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Tracheal compression by vascular structures in infants is uncommon and may be masked by nonspecific respiratory symptoms. Double aortic arch (DAA) is the most common vascular ring. We describe a case of a 9‑month‑old male infant presented with respiratory distress and found to have a DAA. In this report, the authors emphasize the consideration of this pathology‑induced respiratory distress and discuss its anesthetic management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2017
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31. Temporary bronchial stenting for airway compression in the interstage palliation of functional single ventricle
- Author
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Charlotte S. Van Dorn, Jason H. Barnes, Sameh M. Said, Richard Paul Boesch, and Karthik Balakrishnan
- Subjects
Thorax ,hypoplastic left heart ,medicine.medical_specialty ,lcsh:Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Glenn procedure ,lcsh:Medicine ,Case Report ,Functional single ventricle ,Hypoplastic left heart syndrome ,Medicine ,Bronchial stent ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,lcsh:RJ1-570 ,lcsh:Pediatrics ,respiratory system ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,respiratory tract diseases ,Respiratory failure ,Airway compression ,lcsh:RC666-701 ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Norwood procedure ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Airway - Abstract
The Norwood procedure is the first of three palliative surgical procedures offered for hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS). Due to the small size of the thorax and proximity of airway and vascular structures, compression of the airway is possible following the Norwood procedure. We describe the management of an infant with HLHS following Stage I surgical palliation who developed refractory respiratory failure secondary to severe left bronchial compression. more...
- Published
- 2019
32. Clinical case of tuberculosis in infant with bronchial obstructive syndrome
- Author
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Y. A. Yanovskaya, V. A. Klimenko, O. Y. Marchenko, and Y. V. Pasichnik
- Subjects
Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Tuberculosis ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Pneumonia ,Bronchopulmonary lymph nodes ,Airway compression ,Etiology ,Medicine ,Medical history ,Clinical case ,business ,Bronchial obstruction - Abstract
The objective of this article is to improve the etiology verification of the obstruction in young children by informing the physicians about the rare causes of obstructive syndrome which are difficult to diagnose, in particular about tuberculosis. Analyzed the clinical and medical history girls 6 months, presented data on the treatment and examination of the patient. The survey revealed that the main pathogenetic mechanism of bronchial obstruction of airway compression was increased bronchopulmonary lymph nodes on the background of specific tubercular process in lungs. more...
- Published
- 2018
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33. Hyperbaric tracheobronchial compression in cetaceans and pinnipeds
- Author
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Denk, Michael, Fahlman, Andreas, Dennison-Gibby, Sophie, Song, Zhongchang, Moore, Michael J., Denk, Michael, Fahlman, Andreas, Dennison-Gibby, Sophie, Song, Zhongchang, and Moore, Michael J.
- Abstract
Author Posting. © Company of Biologists, 2020. This article is posted here by permission of Company of Biologists for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Experimental Biology 223 (2020): jeb217885, doi:10.1242/jeb.217885., Assessment of the compressibility of marine mammal airways at depth is crucial to understanding vital physiological processes such as gas exchange during diving. Very few studies have directly assessed changes in cetacean and pinniped tracheobronchial shape, and none have quantified changes in volume with increasing pressure. A harbor seal, gray seal, harp seal, harbor porpoise and common dolphin were imaged promptly post mortem via computed tomography in a radiolucent hyperbaric chamber. Volume reconstructions were performed of segments of the trachea and bronchi of the pinnipeds and bronchi of the cetaceans for each pressure treatment. All specimens examined demonstrated significant decreases in airway volume with increasing pressure, with those of the harbor seal and common dolphin nearing complete collapse at the highest pressures. The common dolphin bronchi demonstrated distinctly different compression dynamics between 50% and 100% lung inflation treatments, indicating the importance of air in maintaining patent airways, and collapse occurred caudally to cranially in the 50% treatment. Dynamics of the harbor seal and gray seal airways indicated that the trachea was less compliant than the bronchi. These findings indicate potential species-specific variability in airway compliance, and cessation of gas exchange may occur at greater depths than those predicted in models assuming rigid airways. This may potentially increase the likelihood of decompression sickness in these animals during diving., This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors., 2021-02-10 more...
- Published
- 2020
34. Intrathoracic Goiter in Elderly Patients.
- Author
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Huang, Wen-Chien, Huang, Chou-Hai, Hsu, Han-Shui, Hsieh, Chih-Cheng, Hsu, Wen-Hu, Tsai, Tung-Hu, and Chen, Yu-Jen
- Subjects
GOITER treatment ,OLDER patients ,IODIZED salt ,THYROID diseases ,HEALTH outcome assessment ,THYROID gland surgery ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Summary: There are few encounters with massive thyromegaly and intrathoracic extension as a result of the general usage of iodized salt and bread, which was an early therapeutic intervention for thyroid disorders. However, cervical goiter enlargement over time may extend into the thoracic space, causing respiratory distress, dysphagia, and vascular compression. Hence, even though it may be asymptomatic, there is potential for sudden enlargement (secondary to hemorrhage), cystic degeneration, or malignant change that can be life threatening and may require surgery. Patients who underwent surgery with curative intent for intrathoracic goiter from January 1970 to July 2002 were included in this retrospective study at the thoracic surgical division of Taipei Veteran General Hospital in Taipei, Taiwan. Data were compared between patients ≥65 years of age (elderly group) and patients <65 years of age (younger group). Patient characteristics, hospital course, surgical mortality, morbidity, and survival were compared between patients in these two age groups. Total surgical treatment was given in 153 patients (men, 85; women, 68) with a mean age of 66.9 years (range, 41–86 years) who were enrolled in our study. A total of 95 (62.1%) patients were at least 65 years of age (mean age, 74.2 years) and 58 (37.9%) patients were younger than 65 years of age (mean age, 55 years; p < 0.001). Mean hospitalization was 9.5 days (range, 4–115 days), and the mean follow-up period was 4.5 years (range, 4 months–14 years). The elderly group had a significantly higher risk of respiratory syndromes (63.2% versus 34.5%, p < 0.001) and were predominantly men (63.2% versus 43.1%, p < 0.001). However, the elderly group had a significantly lower incidence of malignancy (0% versus 12.1%, p < 0.001). The pathology was generally found to be benign in elderly patients, but seven (12.1%) patients presented with carcinoma in the younger group. The mortality and complications were observed in 1.3% and 10.5% of the all patients. The results of this study suggest that curative surgery for intrathoracic goiter in elderly patients may result in high risks of acute airway compression compared with younger patients. Our data suggest that an age of 65 years or older should not be contraindicated for curative surgery in intrathoracic goiter patients. Surgical resection is recommended for all intrathoracic goiters due to high risks of acute airway compression and occult malignancy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier] more...
- Published
- 2013
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35. Airway and esophageal compression from double aortic arch in a case of pentalogy of Fallot: Anesthetic management
- Author
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Shivani Aggarwal and Sambhunath Das
- Subjects
pentalogy of Fallot ,Double aortic arch ,business.industry ,transesophageal echocardiography ,esophageal compression ,Anesthetic management ,double aortic arch ,Perioperative ,medicine.disease ,Compression (physics) ,lcsh:RD78.3-87.3 ,Anesthetic induction ,lcsh:Anesthesiology ,Anesthesia ,Rare case ,medicine ,business ,Airway ,Airway compression ,Rare disease - Abstract
Double aortic arch (DAA) is a rare disease requiring high index of clinical suspicion for diagnosis. If undiagnosed, it can pose a serious challenge during anesthetic induction because of dynamic nature of tracheal compression. When DAA is associated with other congenital heart diseases, anesthetic management becomes even more challenging. We report the perioperative anesthetic management of a very rare case of DAA associated with pentalogy of Fallot. more...
- Published
- 2017
36. Pulmonary artery sling: Uncommon cause of airway compression in infants
- Author
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Joseph L. Mathew, Kushaljit Singh Sodhi, Anmol Bhatia, Pratyaksha Rana, and Anand Kumar Mishra
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Case Letters ,medicine.medical_specialty ,RC705-779 ,business.industry ,MEDLINE ,Pulmonary artery sling ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Diseases of the respiratory system ,Text mining ,Airway compression ,medicine ,business - Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Airway Compression by a Right Aortic Arch in the Absence of a Vascular Ring
- Author
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Felice Davide Calvaruso, Fiore S. Iorio, Aurelio Secinaro, Rosanna Zanai, Robert H. Anderson, Carlos Guerra Sousa, Simone Reali, Ivana Campanella, Salvatore Agati, and Giuseppe Ferro
- Subjects
Aortic arch ,business.industry ,Vascular ring ,Arterial duct ,General Medicine ,Anatomy ,medicine.disease ,Bronchial compression ,Airway compression ,medicine.artery ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Medicine ,Surgery ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Published
- 2019
38. Jejunal Intussusception: A Rare Manifestation of a Primary Thyroid Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
- Author
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Sheikh, Abu Baker, Tariq, Usman, Bukhari, Marvi M, Shah, Sana, Afzal, Rao M, Sheikh, Abdul Ahad E, and Nadeem, Nimra
- Subjects
intussusception ,endocrine system ,endocrine system diseases ,Oncology ,airway compression ,General Surgery ,embryonic structures ,Gastroenterology ,thyroid cancer ,non-hodgkin lymphoma - Abstract
Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) is an uncommon malignancy of the thyroid gland, with most lymphomas of the thyroid being almost exclusively of the non-Hodgkin's B cell variety. PTL requires a prompt diagnosis because of its ability to cause progressive compression symptoms, and its unusual presentation can make the diagnosis very challenging. Herein, we present a case of PTL in a young woman with an uncommon initial presentation and discuss the complications she faced during the surgery, as well as postoperatively, due to the compression of the trachea by the thyroid mass. more...
- Published
- 2018
39. Large intra-thoracic desmoid tumor with airway compression: A case report and review of the literature
- Author
-
Safwan Halabi, Peter A. Than, James Wall, Tyler D. Robinson, and Matias Bruzoni
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Fibromatosis ,lcsh:RJ1-570 ,lcsh:Surgery ,Anesthetic management ,lcsh:Pediatrics ,lcsh:RD1-811 ,medicine.disease ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Surgery ,body regions ,03 medical and health sciences ,Dyspnea ,0302 clinical medicine ,Airway compression ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Intra-thoracic ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,medicine ,Desmoid tumor ,business ,Pediatric population - Abstract
Intra-thoracic desmoid tumors are exceedingly rare tumors in the pediatric population, and can present with compression of cardiopulmonary structures and respiratory compromise. Surgical and anesthetic management of these tumors are challenging. We report the case of a 14-year-old male who presented with dyspnea, found to have a large intra-thoracic mass that was critically compressing his trachea. We provide a review of the literature of desmoid tumors and discuss the management of intra-thoracic masses. more...
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Aortic arch aneurysm. Tracheobronchial compression as a vital indication for emergency surgery: A case report.
- Author
-
Komarov, Roman, Ismailbaev, Alisher, Kurasov, Nikolay, Ivashov, Ivan, Saliba, Maxim, and Danachev, Alexander
- Abstract
Giant thoracic aortic aneurysms and aortic arch dissections are accompanied by high mortality rates, cardiac and neurologic events and pulmonary complications. Tracheobronchial compression with aorta-tracheal fistula is a rare complication of the aorta aneurysms. Aortic arch replacement in such case presents several formidable challenges. This is the case report of successful surgical treatment of giant aortic arch aneurysm, complicated by airway compression, aorta-tracheal fistula and recurrent community-acquired pneumonia. Urgent indications for the aortic arch aneurysms surgery include significant size and high risk of rupture. As well as a visceral compression are presented. Bronchoscopy can be used to successfully treatment at all stages from trachea intubation to extubation. Aggressive surgical approach with careful pre-operative diagnostic are the key to success and the only one chance for patients with aortic arch aneurysm, complicated by airway compression. • Aorta-tracheal fistula is rare and formidable complication of the aortic aneurysms. • A giant thoracic aortic aneurism leads to bronchial compression and pneumonia. • Airway compression syndrome is an independent predictor of emergency surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Vascular airway compression management in a case of aortic arch and descending thoracic aortic aneurysm
- Author
-
Sunder Negi, G. D. Puri, Vikas Dutta, and Alok Kumar
- Subjects
Aortic arch ,medicine.medical_specialty ,lcsh:Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,Fiber-optic bronchoscopy ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Case Report ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Thoracic aortic aneurysm ,lcsh:RD78.3-87.3 ,03 medical and health sciences ,Aortic aneurysm ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,medicine.artery ,medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,cardiovascular diseases ,Tracheomalacia ,Bronchus ,Aorta ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,respiratory system ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,respiratory tract diseases ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cardiothoracic surgery ,lcsh:Anesthesiology ,lcsh:RC666-701 ,Cardiology ,cardiovascular system ,Airway compression ,Airway management ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
Airway compression due to distal aortic arch and descending aortic aneurysm repair has been documented. This case of tracheal and left main stem bronchus compression due to aortic aneurysm occurred in a 42-year-old man. The airway compression poses a challenge for the anesthesiologist in airway management during aortic aneurysm repair surgery. The fiber-optic bronchoscope is very helpful in decision-making both preoperatively and postoperatively in such cases. We report a case of airway compression in a 42-year-old patient who underwent elective distal aortic arch and descending aortic aneurysm repair. more...
- Published
- 2016
42. Clinico-Radiological Correlation in 7 Cases of Airway Compression by Vascular Anomalies on MDCT
- Author
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Supraja Reddy, Anurag Yadav, Kishan Singh Rawat, Savitha Srirama Jayamma, Tbs Buxi, and Samarjit Singh Ghuman
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Pathology ,Respiratory distress ,business.industry ,Clinical epidemiology ,respiratory system ,Compression (physics) ,respiratory tract diseases ,Airway compression ,Radiological weapon ,Cohort ,medicine ,Radiology ,Airway ,business - Abstract
Compression of the airway by vascular anomalies is a co-morbidity occurring frequently in children with congenital heart diseases. Here we presented a cohort of 7 patients with respiratory distress who showed airway compression due to vascular anomalies on evaluated with multidetector computed tompgraphy. more...
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Double aortic arch presenting with respiratory distress: A case report and review of the literature
- Author
-
Badr Slioui, Mustapha Bensghir, Abdelhafid Houba, Hicham Balkhi, Salim Jaafar Lalaoui, and Redouane Ahtil
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Double aortic arch ,Anesthetic management ,Case Report ,lcsh:RD78.3-87.3 ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030225 pediatrics ,medicine ,TRACHEAL COMPRESSION ,Respiratory system ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,Respiratory distress ,business.industry ,Airway compression ,anesthesia management ,double aortic arch ,infant ,Vascular ring ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,lcsh:Anesthesiology ,business - Abstract
Tracheal compression by vascular structures in infants is uncommon and may be masked by nonspecific respiratory symptoms. Double aortic arch (DAA) is the most common vascular ring. We describe a case of a 9-month-old male infant presented with respiratory distress and found to have a DAA. In this report, the authors emphasize the consideration of this pathology-induced respiratory distress and discuss its anesthetic management. more...
- Published
- 2017
44. Bilateral Arterial Ducts Causing Airway Compression by a Vascular Ring
- Author
-
Jochen Grohmann, Johannes Kroll, Julia Langenbach, and Brigitte Stiller
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,business.industry ,Infant, Newborn ,Vascular ring ,Anatomy ,medicine.disease ,Aortography ,Vascular Ring ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Airway compression ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Medicine ,Humans ,Surgery ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Tracheal Stenosis ,Vascular Surgical Procedures - Published
- 2017
45. Airway compression management in late-presenting absent pulmonary valve syndrome
- Author
-
Yacine Aggoun, Maurice Beghetti, Regula Corbelli, Patrick Olivier Myers, Afksendiyos Kalangos, Dominique Didier, Cecile Tissot, Anastasia Martinez-Esteve Melnikova, and Tornike Sologashvili
- Subjects
Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ,Male ,Reoperation ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Heart Valve Diseases ,Bronchi ,Pulmonary Artery ,Cohort Studies ,Bronchoscopy ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Child ,Retrospective Studies ,Surgical repair ,Pulmonary Valve ,ddc:618 ,ddc:617 ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Infant ,Syndrome ,General Medicine ,respiratory system ,Absent pulmonary valve syndrome ,Aneurysm ,Surgery ,Airway Obstruction ,Trachea ,Airway compression ,Child, Preschool ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Cardiology ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
Introduction: Patients with absent pulmonary valve syndrome often present early with airway compression from aneurysmal pulmonary arteries. This study reviews our experience in managing absent pulmonary valve syndrome in later presenting children, and techniques used for managing airway compression. Methods: This study is a retrospective chart review of all patients who underwent repair of absent pulmonary valve syndrome from 2000 to 2012 at our institution. The primary endpoints were post-operative bronchoscopic and clinical evidence of persistent airway compression and need for reinterventions on the pulmonary arteries. Results: A total of 19 patients were included during the study period. The mean age at repair was 4.1±3.0 years (range 10 months–11 years). In all, seven patients had pre-operative bronchoscopic evidence of airway compression, which was managed by pulmonary artery reduction plasty in four patients and Lecompte manoeuvre in three patients. There were no peri-operative deaths. In patients with pulmonary artery plasty, two had no post-operative airway compression, one patient had improved compression, and one patient had unchanged compression. In patients managed with a Lecompte manoeuvre, two patients had no or trivial airway compression and one had improved compression. There were six late reinterventions or reoperations on the pulmonary arteries – two out of four in the pulmonary artery plasty group and one out of three in the Lecompte group. Conclusions: Most late-presenting patients with absent pulmonary valve syndrome do not have airway compression. Either pulmonary artery reduction plasty or the Lecompte manoeuvre can relieve proximal airway compression, without a significantly different risk of pulmonary artery reintervention between techniques. more...
- Published
- 2017
46. Surgical outcomes of absent pulmonary valve syndrome: An institutional experience
- Author
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Ibrahim Mukhtar Elkhatim, Maruti Yamanappa Haranal, Jeswant Dillon, Sivakumar Sivalingam, Chee Chin Hew, and Ashvin Krishna Nair
- Subjects
lcsh:Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Respiratory complications ,medicine.medical_treatment ,lcsh:Medicine ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,airway compression ,medicine ,Intubation ,Respiratory system ,Tetralogy of Fallot ,Respiratory distress ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,Absent pulmonary valve ,lcsh:RJ1-570 ,lcsh:Pediatrics ,Absent pulmonary valve syndrome ,Surgical correction ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030228 respiratory system ,lcsh:RC666-701 ,Pulmonary valve ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,aneurysmal pulmonary artery ,Original Article ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
Background: Absent pulmonary valve syndrome (APVS) is a variant of tetralogy of Fallot characterized by aneurysmal pulmonary arteries, which compresses the tracheobronchial tree, leading to respiratory symptoms. We report the mid-term outcomes of surgical correction of patients with APVS. Subject and Methods: A total of 27 patients underwent surgery between 2001 and 2015, and they were followed up for a mean period of 6.4 ± 4.1 years. Out of the 27 patients, 14 (51.9%) were infants. The median age at repair was 9.8 months. Preoperative intubation was required in six patients (22.2%), and 11 patients (40.7%) had symptoms of respiratory distress. The pulmonary valve was replaced with a valved conduit in 15 patients (55.6%), monocusp valve in 6 patients (22.2%), and a transannular patch in 6 patients (22.2%). Reduction pulmonary arterioplasty was done in all patients. Results: The overall 10-year survival was 82.1%. There was 81.1% overall freedom from re-intervention at 10 years. No statistically significant difference was found in 10-year survival (P = 0.464) and reoperation rates (P = 0.129) between valved conduit, monocusp, or transannular patch techniques. Older children had statistically significantly longer survival (P = 0.039) and freedom from re-intervention (P = 0.016) compared to infants. Patients without respiratory complications had 100% 10-year survival and 93.3% freedom from reoperation at 10 years compared to 55.6% and 60.1%, respectively, for patients with respiratory complications. Conclusion: There has been improvement in surgical results for APVS over the years. However, it still remains a challenge to manage infants and patients with persistent respiratory problems. more...
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- 2020
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47. Airway anomalies in cases of anomalous pulmonary venous connection – A single-center experience
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Aditya Narsipur Doddamane, Kolli S Chalam, Pankaj Punetha, Anuradha Kamath, and Channabasavaraj S Hiremath
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Adult ,Lung Diseases ,Male ,lcsh:Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,medicine.medical_treatment ,tracheal bronchus ,Intensivist ,Congenital lobar emphysema ,intubation ,lcsh:RD78.3-87.3 ,Young Adult ,medicine ,Humans ,Intubation ,Anomalous pulmonary venous return ,Child ,Lung ,anomalous pulmonary venous connection ,Retrospective Studies ,Anomalous pulmonary venous connection ,business.industry ,Scimitar Syndrome ,congenital ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,General Medicine ,Perioperative ,respiratory system ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,Surgery ,Radiography ,Trachea ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,lcsh:Anesthesiology ,lcsh:RC666-701 ,Child, Preschool ,Original Article ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Airway ,Airway compression ,Venous return curve - Abstract
Background: Patients with congenital heart defects may present with concomitant defects involving other organ systems. Roughly 4 percent of this nature are airway anomalies. Presence of anomalous airways summon major challenge before the anesthesiologist, surgeon, and intensivist in the perioperative management of such patients. There is paucity of literature in the study of airway anomalies in the subset of congenital anomalous pulmonary venous connections. We present the analysis of three cases of airway anomalies in patients operated for anomalous venous drainage at our center. We hope to explicate the clinical implications and management of such rare presentations. Methods: The records of all patients who underwent surgical correction for anomalous venous return between January 2016 and January 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. The records were examined for presence of any airway issues, abnormal radiological findings, perioperative intubation or extubation issues and perioperative surgical findings. Results: Amidst the 410 cases operated for congenital heart defects in this period, 92 were operated cases for anomalous pulmonary venous return, of which 3 patients presented with airway issues. One patient had an aberrant right tracheal bronchus with normal carina and bilateral main bronchial stenosis, the second patient had a hypoplastic left lung and the third patient had congenital lobar emphysema of the left lung. Conclusion: Prudent perioperative management necessitates prior evaluation and preemptive planning for airway anomalies in patients with anomalous venous return, since they can belong to the “Malinosculation Syndrome” group, which involves anomalous communication by means of small openings between the different components of lung tissue, namely, the lung parenchyma, tracheobronchial tree, arteries, and veins. more...
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- 2020
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48. Life-Threatening Upper Airway Compression: Quincke's Disease
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Satvinder Singh Bakshi
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business.industry ,lcsh:R ,lcsh:Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,lcsh:Medicine ,Angioneurotic oedema ,lcsh:RC86-88.9 ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Airway compression ,Anesthesia ,Medicine ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Published
- 2018
49. Airway Compression Caused by Bilateral Thyroid Hematoma after Fine-Needle Aspiration
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Hee Soon Park, Nam-Jun Cho, Mi Hae Seo, Sang Jin Kim, Dong-Jae Han, Yeo Joo Kim, and Ju Young Lee
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Fine-needle aspiration ,Hematoma ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Airway compression ,Thyroid ,medicine ,Radiology ,business ,medicine.disease ,Fine needle biopsy - Published
- 2013
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50. Management of a posterior mediastinal Gardner fibroma causing critical airway stenosis in a resource limited setting
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Katie Clouthier, Andrew Trecartin, Islande Saintilus, Bruno Jean-Baptiste, Patrick Charles, Antonia Eyssallenne, James Stein, Henri Ford, and Adam Silverman
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Mediastinal mass ,Gardner fibroma ,lcsh:Surgery ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Gardner Fibroma ,business.industry ,Resource limited setting ,lcsh:RJ1-570 ,lcsh:Pediatrics ,lcsh:RD1-811 ,Airway obstruction ,respiratory system ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,respiratory tract diseases ,Stenosis ,Airway compression ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Chest cavity ,Airway ,business ,Limited resources ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
In developed countries, surgeons and anesthesiologists approach the mediastinal mass causing airway compression with prudence and trepidation. Resource-limited settings provide unique challenges in the diagnosis and management of patients with critical airway compression. We report the successful treatment of a patient in Port-au-Prince, Haiti with a posterior mediastinal mass that filled the left chest cavity and caused critical airway stenosis. The pathology revealed a Gardner Fibroma, which is rarely associated with mediastinal airway obstruction. more...
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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