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Background Patients with Epstein–Barr virus-positive gastric cancers or those with microsatellite instability appear to have a favourable prognosis. However, the prognostic value of the chromosomal status (chromosome-stable (CS) versus chromosomal instable (CIN)) remains unclear in gastric cancer. Methods Gene copy number aberrations (CNAs) were determined in 16 CIN-associated genes in a retrospective study including test and validation cohorts of patients with gastric cancer. Patients were stratified into CS (no CNA), CINlow (1–2 CNAs) or CINhigh (3 or more CNAs). The relationship between chromosomal status, clinicopathological variables, and overall survival (OS) was analysed. The relationship between chromosomal status, p53 expression, and tumour infiltrating immune cells was also assessed and validated externally. Results The test and validation cohorts included 206 and 748 patients, respectively. CINlow and CINhigh were seen in 35.0 and 15.0 per cent of patients, respectively, in the test cohort, and 48.5 and 20.7 per cent in the validation cohort. Patients with CINhigh gastric cancer had the poorest OS in the test and validation cohorts. In multivariable analysis, CINlow, CINhigh and pTNM stage III–IV (P < 0.001) were independently associated with poor OS. CIN was associated with high p53 expression and low immune cell infiltration. Conclusion CIN may be a potential new prognostic biomarker independent of pTNM stage in gastric cancer. Patients with gastric cancer demonstrating CIN appear to be immunosuppressed, which might represent one of the underlying mechanisms explaining the poor survival and may help guide future therapeutic decisions.

The 2nd annual Health Equity Summer Research Summit organized by the Center of Excellence (COE) in Health Equity, Training and Research, Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), was a forum to catalyze the fertilization and exchange of cutting-edge ideas in the area of disparity research in medicine. The summit fosters understanding of current health equity research, training, clinical care, and outreach initiatives, in addition to offering an opportunity for connecting with allies and partners working in the field of health equity and health disparities. The summit provides opportunities for our COE Scholars (undergraduate/post-baccalaureate students and Baylor medical students, clinical fellows and junior faculty) to showcase their research findings which are reflective of their past year's endeavor as scholars at the center. Abstracts in this Book of Abstracts represent a summary of these research efforts. With this summit, BCM continues to build on its long history of educational outreach initiatives to promote diversity in medicine by focusing on programs aimed at increasing the number of diverse and highly qualified medical professionals ready to introduce effective and innovative approaches to reduce or eliminate health disparities. These programs will improve information resources, clinical education, curricula, research and cultural competence as they relate to minority health issues and social determinants of health.

We survey Mirzakhani's work relating to Riemann surfaces, which spans about 20 papers. We target the discussion at a broad audience of non-experts.

Introduction Trauma remains a leading cause of death worldwide. In the UK, data for trauma patients are prospectively collected locally and collated by the Trauma Audit and Research Network. This study assesses and describes the subgroup of patients who triggered a trauma call but who subsequently did not meet criteria for Trauma Audit and Research Network. Methods A single centre, retrospective observational study of trauma calls between 1 June 2012 and 31 August 2018 was performed, determining which trauma calls had been submitted to Trauma Audit and Research Network by cross referencing with the submission database. Data were tested for normality (Shapiro–Wilk test) and appropriate statistical tests employed to determine differences between inclusion and non-inclusion groups. For categorical data, we used Chi-squared tests to examine for differences. Results There were 6529 trauma calls and over half (3837 (58.8%)) were not registered on Trauma Audit and Research Network. Patients excluded were significantly younger (mean 42.4 years SD 19.2) than those who met inclusion criteria (mean 50.3 years, SD 21.8), p 2 m (8.1% versus 12.7%, p Discussion Patients who trigger a trauma call but who subsequently do not meet the criteria for Trauma Audit and Research Network inclusion place a significant burden on healthcare provision. To our knowledge this is the first investigation to specifically explore this group of at-risk patients. To enable medical planners a more accurate view of activity on the ‘shop floor’, particularly in reference to knife crime injuries we ask the question as to whether a separate database should now be held of trauma calls?

This theoretical essay argues that management learning and education (MLE) is fundamentally accomplished by communication. Specifically, we utilize a Communication as Constitutive of Organization perspective to advance MLE as fundamentally a communicational accomplishment, which we label ‘Communication as Constitutive of Learning and Education’. We focus on authority in the sense that all classroom conversations are authored, showing that the educator who faces the students is but one of many participants authoring classroom conversations. Authority becomes an emergent claim on action shaped by multiple interrelating texts that compete to influence practice. Classroom practice thus is a site of ventriloquial authority: when someone or something is made to speak in a specific way by a present or distant other that makes a difference for a conversational trajectory. We argue that management classrooms are replete with ventriloquial authority and that this is consequential for what educators teach and what students learn. We support our argument by illustrating ventriloquial authority in the classroom through the use of textbooks and visual media. We end with a “Call to Action” for educators to appreciate communication’s constitutive quality and to rethink how authority acts in MLE. Postprint

Background Insecticidal mosquito vector control products are vital components of malaria control programmes. Test facilities are key in assessing the effectiveness of vector control products against local mosquito populations, in environments where they will be used. Data from these test facilities must be of a high quality to be accepted by regulatory authorities, including the WHO Prequalification Team for vector control products. In 2013–4, seven insecticide testing facilities across sub-Saharan Africa, with technical and financial support from Innovative Vector Control Consortium (IVCC), began development and implementation of quality management system compliant with the principles of Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) to improve data quality and reliability. Methods and principle findings We conducted semi-structured interviews, emails, and video-call interviews with individuals at five test facilities engaged in the IVCC-supported programme and working towards or having achieved GLP. We used framework analysis to identify and describe factors affeting progress towards GLP. We found that eight factors were instrumental in progress, and that test facilities had varying levels of control over these factors. They had high control over the training programme, project planning, and senior leadership support; medium control over infrastructure development, staff structure, and procurement; and low control over funding the availability and accessibility of relevant expertise. Collaboration with IVCC and other partners was key to overcoming the challenges associated with low and medium control factors. Conclusion For partnership and consortia models of research capacity strengthening, test facilities can use their own internal resources to address identified high-control factors. Project plans should allow additional time for interaction with external agencies to address medium-control factors, and partners with access to expertise and funding should concentrate their efforts on supporting institutions to address low-control factors. In practice, this includes planning for financial sustainability at the outset, and acting to strengthen national and regional training capacity.

An autoethnography is offered of a head of an academic department and middle manager writing a strategic plan he did not believe was necessary or would have any beneficial effects on colleagues within the department. The notion of the reluctant strategist is offered. What strategy work do such actors undertake? Reluctant strategists write strategic plans as defensive texts. Defensive texts, I explain, are authored and structured to repel deeper engagement and questioning; to ensure that they are successful, they act through presenting their content as authoritatively assured. Strategy work in organizations is advanced as an affective accomplishment. In writing strategic plans, strategists are sensorially affected by their relational encounters, moving them to act. This personal account of strategy work shows that strategists are not just senior managers, middle managers or strategy consultants; they are affected actors who can be confused, sceptical, full of doubt and who can resist.

Let Gamma < PSL_2(C) be discrete, cofinite volume, and noncocompact. We prove that for all K > 1, there is a subgroup H < Gamma that is K-quasiconformally conjugate to a discrete cocompact subgroup of PSL_2(R). Along with previous work of Kahn and Markovic, this proves that every finite covolume Kleinian group has a nearly Fuchsian surface subgroup., v2: Final prepublication version

The face is a significant locus of power upon which judgements concerning a person’s status, worth and attractiveness are made. This study contributes to knowledge of facial norms’ shifting performative power in daily organizing, theorizing facial beauty as a communicatively constituted authoritative text. We achieve this through blending Butlerian and communication as constitutive of organization (CCO) theorizing. This allows us to enrich understandings of power and performativity’s necessarily entangled and co-constitutive unfolding, as we trace how a normative understanding of facial beauty becomes more and/or less performatively powerful through embodied-textual processes. Our theorizing is generated from an ethnography of a UK cosmetics firm and demonstrates how facial beauty functions as a (figurative) authoritative text that corporealizes, subjectivizes, and is resisted by makeup artists within a confluence of (concrete) text and conversation. We show how through communicative, citational and embodied processes of corporealization, regulation and subjection, everyday performances like makeup applications become performatively powerful on the ground level of interaction. Further, returning authoritative texts to their original figurative formulation uncovers something of how their transformative power shapes organizing’s ongoing accomplishment.

We prove that the orbit closure of the unfoldings of the (3,4,13)-triangle is a previously unknown 4-dimensional variety, by using a Hurwitz space of covers with monodromy in a certain solvable group of order 400.

We show that any totally geodesic submanifold of Teichmuller space of dimension greater than one covers a totally geodesic subvariety, and only finitely many totally geodesic subvarieties of dimension greater than one exist in each moduli space., Comment: Final copy; very minor revisions

It is established that radiation forces can be used to transport ultrasound contrast agents, particularly for molecular imaging applications. However, the ability to model and control this process in the context of therapeutic ultrasound is limited by a paucity of data on the translational dynamics of encapsulated microbubbles under the influence of longer pulses. In this work, the translation of individual microbubbles, isolated with optical tweezers, was experimentally investigated over a range of diameters (1.8–8.8 μm, n = 187) and pressures (25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kPa) with millisecond pulses. Data were compared with theoretical predictions of the translational dynamics, assessing the role of shell and history force effects. A pronounced feature of the displacement curves was an effective threshold size, below which there was only minimal translation. At higher pressures (≥150 kPa) a noticeable structure emerged where multiple local maxima occurred as a function of bubble size. The ability to accurately capture these salient features depended on the encapsulation model employed. In low Reynolds number conditions (i.e., low pressures, or high pressures, off-resonance) the inclusion of history force more accurately fit the data. After pulse cessation, bubbles exhibited substantial displacements consistent with the influence of history effects.It is established that radiation forces can be used to transport ultrasound contrast agents, particularly for molecular imaging applications. However, the ability to model and control this process in the context of therapeutic ultrasound is limited by a paucity of data on the translational dynamics of encapsulated microbubbles under the influence of longer pulses. In this work, the translation of individual microbubbles, isolated with optical tweezers, was experimentally investigated over a range of diameters (1.8–8.8 μm, n = 187) and pressures (25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kPa) with millisecond pulses. Data were compared with theoretical predictions of the translational dynamics, assessing the role of shell and history force effects. A pronounced feature of the displacement curves was an effective threshold size, below which there was only minimal translation. At higher pressures (≥150 kPa) a noticeable structure emerged where multiple local maxima occurred as a function of bubble size. The ability to accur...

We construct a smooth, area preserving, mixing flow with finitely many nondegenerate fixed points and no saddle connections on a closed surface of genus 5 5 . This resolves a problem that has been open for four decades.

Road infrastructure asset management is rapidly transforming into a digital environment where data accessibility, effective integration and collaboration and accessibility from different sources and assets are key. However, current asset management processes are not yet fully integrated or linked, and there are incompatibilities between various systems and platforms that limit the ability to integrate asset management with BIM. The CoDEC project has sought to understand the current status of information management for assets, including inventory, condition and new data sources such as sensors and scanning systems, to identify the challenges and needs for linking and integrating different data sets to support effective asset management. As a result, CoDEC has developed a data dictionary framework to help link/integrate static and dynamic data for the “key” infrastructure assets (road pavements, bridges, tunnels). This will enable BIM and Asset Management Systems (AMS) to exchange data and help optimise and integrate data management across systems and throughout the different asset lifecycle phases, from build to operation. This work will be followed up with three pilot projects to demonstrate the feasibility of integrating asset data from various sources through linked data/semantic web technology to build the connection between AMS and BIM platforms.

We show that the partial compactification of a stratum of Abelian differentials previously considered by Mirzakhani and Wright is not an algebraic variety. Despite this, we use a combination of algebro-geometric and other methods to provide a short, unconditional proof of Mirzakhani and Wright's formula for the tangent space to the boundary of a GL(2,R) orbit closure, and give new results on the structure of the boundary., Minor revisions, primarily to sections 7 and 8

Scotland has been ambitious in its policy and legislative efforts to tackle alcohol-related harm, efforts which include the innovative feature of a &lsquo, public health objective&rsquo, within local alcohol licensing. However, the persistence of alcohol-related harms and inequalities requires further examination of both the overarching Scottish alcohol strategy and its specific implementation. A qualitative case study was undertaken to explore how alcohol policy is implemented locally in Scotland, with data generated from (i) documentary analysis of 12 relevant policies, legislation, and guidance documents, and (ii) a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with 54 alcohol policy implementers in three Scottish localities and nine national-level stakeholders. The data suggest there is a tension between the intentions of licensing legislation and the way it is enacted in practice, and that accountability emerges as an important factor for understanding why this occurs. In particular, there are a lack of accountability mechanisms acting upon Scottish Licensing Boards to ensure they contribute to the public health goals of the Scottish alcohol strategy. From a public health perspective, this has perpetuated a system in which Licensing Boards continue to act with autonomy from the rest of the alcohol policy implementation system, creating a challenge to the achievement of public health goals. Alcohol policy in Scotland is likely to fall short of intended goals as long as the tension between licensing legislation and enacted licensing practices remains.

A new generation of portable scientific instruments is taking shape, thanks to mobile processors and innovative data-gathering techniques.

The moduli space of genus 3 translation surfaces with a single zero has two connected components. We show that in the odd connected component H^{odd}(4) the only GL^+(2,R) orbit closures are closed orbits, the Prym locus Q(3,-1^3), and H^{odd}(4). Together with work of Matheus-Wright, this implies that there are only finitely many non-arithmetic closed orbits (Teichmuller curves) in H^{odd}(4) outside of the Prym locus.

Checkpoint inhibitor therapies (CITs) are fundamentally impacting the treatment landscape of many cancer types. Unfortunately, only limited subsets of patients show durable complete responses (CRs). While considerable efforts are therefore being made to combine CITs with other therapies, the issue of increased toxicity associated with this approach remains a challenge. Physical methods for enhancing CITs are also being investigated and may have the advantage of not adding to toxicity. One such approach is therapeutic ultrasound, or focused ultrasound (FUS), which can act through a range of mechanisms and is known to be associated with immunological effects. A prominent form of FUS uses systemically injected ‘microbubbles' (MBs) which oscillate in response to ultrasound to enhance vascular permeability or elicit vascular damage. Here we investigate the use of FUS+MBs to enhance the effects of a clinically relevant combination anti-PD-L1 plus paclitaxel (PTX) in the treatment of triple negative breast cancer. Mammary carcinoma tumors (EMT6) were initiated in the mammary fat pads of immune competent Balb/c mice. At day 8 post implantation, experiments were conducted with 4 groups: sham, FUS+MBs, aPD-L1+PTX, FUS+MBs+aPD-L1+PTX. anti-PD-L1 (clone:6E11; 5 mg/kg; Genentech) was given i.p. every 3-4 days for a total of 10 doses. PTX was administered i.p. biweekly for 3 doses. FUS+MBs exposures consisted of a single treatment at pressures high enough to elicit vascular shutdown, as determined through histology. The results (Table 1) demonstrated that the addition of FUS+MB treatment profoundly enhances the effects of aPD-L1+PTX (p Day 10 Tumor Volumes ± SEMDay 10 Tumor Volumes (1 way-ANOVA; post-hoc: Tukey's)Kaplan-Meir Survival Analysis (Log-rank test)Animals with complete response(Sham) vs. (PTX + aPD-L1 + FUS + MBs)793.6 ± 193.4 vs. 105.6 ± 16.8p=0.0087p As FUS is a rapidly growing treatment modality in oncology, these results may ultimately have significant implications for enhancing CITs without added toxicity. This approach warrants further investigation, including its potential impact on immune memory. Citation Format: David Goertz, William Cruz, Sharshi Bulner, Alex Wright, Robert Kerbel. Microbubble mediated focused ultrasound therapy enhances the antitumor potency and durability of anti-PD-L1 checkpoint blockade [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-079.

Researchers are discovering surprising new risks across the fast-growing IoT.

IntroductionThe success of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) depends on parties’ active participation in its governance and implementation, particularly via biennial Conference of the Parties (COP) meetings. The COP’s efficacy is threatened by declining attendance and reductions in travel support for low-income and middle-income countries, and there are growing concerns about transparency and representation in country delegations amid industry efforts to shape their composition.MethodsWe examined parties’ participation in the COP based on official meeting records, and the relationship between attendance and strength of tobacco control based on national global tobacco control reports.ResultsAttendance at the COP has decreased over time, and at several meetings would have fallen below 66% (the threshold for decision-making) if it was not for high levels of participation among low-income and lower-middle-income countries. Despite their higher attendance at COP meetings, these countries represent a smaller share of meeting attendees due to the smaller size of their delegations. Additionally, there has been a decline in the proportion of delegates from ministries of health and tobacco control focal points. Nationally, COP participation is correlated with stronger tobacco control policies; attendance by low-income countries has a strong correlation with implementation of advertising bans, while attendance among high-income and lower-middle-income countries shows a moderate correlation with implementation of tobacco taxes.ConclusionsSupporting states to actively engage in the COP is crucial for ongoing FCTC implementation, strengthening national capacity for tobacco control, and protecting the legitimacy and efficacy of global health governance.

We compute the algebraic hull of the Kontsevich-Zorich cocycle over any GL^+_2(R) invariant subvariety of the Hodge bundle, and derive from this finiteness results on such subvarieties.

This special issue groups a set of contributions that together question and extend the boundaries of strategy research by examining strategy work as a performative pursuit. In this introduction, we position the special issue papers within the broader context of performativity studies in organization and management theory. To do so, we ground the analysis of the performativity of strategy in the recent developments of strategy-as-practice research, clarify the ambitions of a performative turn in the study of strategy, introduce the plurality of performativity meanings and uses in prior research and specify the conceptualizations of performativity mobilized in the seven contributions that form this special issue. Taking stock of their rich insights, and reflecting on our editing of this special issue, we then identify key challenges underlying the constitution of the body of studies on the performativity of strategy, and propose three avenues of research that together sketch a research agenda for advancing the study of strategy as a performative endeavour.

The PREMiUM project aims to deliver improvements in the ability to manage road equipment at the network level, focusing on road markings, road signs, vehicle restraint systems and noise barriers. The key condition characteristics a road administration should include in their asset management strategy to manage the risks of loss of performance have been established. Following this, the views of users were sought on the characteristics that should be measured at the network level to manage the risks of loss of performance, and the alternative technologies available to obtain this data identified. The project has proposed survey regimes that could be implemented, subject to suitable development, to provide the key condition data that would assist in understanding and managing these assets. It has then considered the parameters that such a network level monitoring regime would provide, and proposed a set of condition indicators that could be utilised to quantify the condition of each of the assets, and how these could be used to assist in targeting maintenance planning.

BackgroundSelf-harm in adolescents is common and repetition rates high. There is limited evidence of the effectiveness of interventions to reduce self-harm.ObjectivesTo assess the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of family therapy (FT) compared with treatment as usual (TAU).DesignA pragmatic, multicentre, individually randomised controlled trial of FT compared with TAU. Participants and therapists were aware of treatment allocation; researchers were blind to allocation.SettingChild and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) across three English regions.ParticipantsYoung people aged 11–17 years who had self-harmed at least twice presenting to CAMHS following self-harm.InterventionsEight hundred and thirty-two participants were randomised to manualised FT delivered by trained and supervised family therapists (n = 415) or to usual care offered by local CAMHS following self-harm (n = 417).Main outcome measuresRates of repetition of self-harm leading to hospital attendance 18 months after randomisation.ResultsOut of 832 young people, 212 (26.6%) experienced a primary outcome event: 118 out of 415 (28.4%) randomised to FT and 103 out of 417 (24.7%) randomised to TAU. There was no evidence of a statistically significant difference in repetition rates between groups (the hazard ratio for FT compared with TAU was 1.14, 95% confidence interval 0.87 to 1.49;p = 0.3349). FT was not found to be cost-effective when compared with TAU in the base case and most sensitivity analyses. FT was dominated (less effective and more expensive) in the complete case. However, when young people’s and caregivers’ quality-adjusted life-year gains were combined, FT incurred higher costs and resulted in better health outcomes than TAU within the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence cost-effectiveness range. Significant interactions with treatment, indicating moderation, were detected for the unemotional subscale on the young person-reported Inventory of Callous–Unemotional Traits (p = 0.0104) and the affective involvement subscale on the caregiver-reported McMaster Family Assessment Device (p = 0.0338). Caregivers and young people in the FT arm reported a range of significantly better outcomes on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Self-reported suicidal ideation was significantly lower in the FT arm at 12 months but the same in both groups at 18 months. No significant unexpected adverse events or side effects were reported, with similar rates of expected adverse events across trial arms.ConclusionsFor adolescents referred to CAMHS after self-harm, who have self-harmed at least once before, FT confers no benefits over TAU in reducing self-harm repetition rates. There is some evidence to support the effectiveness of FT in reducing self-harm when caregivers reported poor family functioning. When the young person themselves reported difficulty expressing emotion, FT did not seem as effective as TAU. There was no evidence that FT is cost-effective when only the health benefits to participants were considered but there was a suggestion that FT may be cost-effective if health benefits to caregivers are taken into account. FT had a significant, positive impact on general emotional and behavioural problems at 12 and 18 months.LimitationsThere was significant loss to follow-up for secondary outcomes and health economic analyses; the primary outcome misses those who do not attend hospital following self-harm; and the numbers receiving formal FT in the TAU arm were higher than expected.Future workEvaluation of interventions targeted at subgroups of those who self-harm, longer-term follow-up and methods for evaluating health benefits for family groups rather than for individuals.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN59793150.FundingThis project was funded by the NIHR Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full inHealth Technology Assessment; Vol. 22, No. 12. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.

We show that every GL(2, R) orbit closure of translation surfaces is either a connected component of a stratum, the hyperelliptic locus, or consists entirely of surfaces whose Jacobians have extra endomorphisms. We use this result to give applications related to polygonal billiards. For example, we exhibit infinitely many rational triangles whose unfoldings have dense GL(2,R) orbit., Comment: minor update; final version

The majority of experimental tests done on combustible dusts are performed in constant volume vessels that have limited or no optical access. Over the years, McGill University has been developing alternative experimental techniques based on direct observation of dust flames, yielding reliable fundamental parameters such as flame burning velocity, temperature and structure. The present work describes two new experimental set-ups allowing direct observation of isobaric and freely propagating dust flames at two sufficiently different scales to test the influence of scale on dust flame phenomena. In the laboratory-scale experiments, a few grams of aluminum powder are dispersed in transparent, 30 cm diameter latex balloons that allow for full visualization of the spherical flame propagation. In the field experiments, about 1 kg of aluminum powder is dispersed by a short pulse of air, forming a conical dust cloud with a total volume of about 5 m 3 . High-speed digital imaging is used to record the particle dispersal and flame propagation in both configurations. In the small-scale laboratory tests, the measured flame speed is found to be about 2.0 ± 0.2 m/s in fuel-rich aluminium clouds. The burning velocity, calculated by dividing the measured flame speed by the expansion factor deduced from thermodynamic equilibrium calculations, correlates well with the previously measured burning velocity of about 22–24 cm/s from Bunsen dust flames. Flame speeds observed in field experiments with large-scale clouds, however, are found to be much higher, in the range of 12 ± 2 m/s. Estimations are presented that show that the presumably greater role of radiative heat transfer in larger-scale aluminium flames is insufficient to explain the six-fold increase in flame speed. The role of residual large-eddy turbulence, as well as the frozen-turbulence effect leading to large-scale dust concentration fluctuations that cause flame folding, are discussed as two possible sources for the greater flame speed.

Let M be a translation surface. We show that certain deformations of M supported on the set of all cylinders in a given direction remain in the GL(2,R)-orbit closure of M. Applications are given concerning complete periodicity, field of definition, and the number of of parallel cylinders which may be found on a translation surface in a given orbit closure. The proof uses Eskin-Mirzakhani-Mohammadi's recent theorem on orbit closures of translation surfaces, as well as results of Minsky-Weiss and Smillie-Weiss on the dynamics of horocycle flow., Comment: v2: Minor revision. Comments welcome! 24 pages

Search engine developers are moving beyond the problem of document analysis, toward the elusive goal of figuring out what people really want.

In this paper we present the rst example of a primitive, totally geodesic subvariety F M g;n with dim(F ) > 1. The variety we consider is a surfaceF M 1;3 dened using the projective geometry of

Background The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommends evidence-based parenting programmes as a first-line intervention for conduct disorders (CD) in children aged 5–11 years. As these are not effective in 25–33% of cases, NICE has requested research into second-line interventions. Child and Adolescent Psychotherapists (CAPTs) address highly complex problems where first-line treatments have failed and there have been small-scale studies of Psychoanalytic Child Psychotherapy (PCP) for CD. A feasibility trial is needed to determine whether a confirmatory trial of manualised PCP (mPCP) versus Treatment as Usual (TaU) for CD is practicable or needs refinement. The aim of this paper is to publish the abridged protocol of this feasibility trial. Methods and design TIGA-CUB (Trial on improving Inter-Generational Attachment for Children Undergoing Behaviour problems) is a two-arm, pragmatic, parallel-group, multicentre, individually randomised (1:1) controlled feasibility trial (target n = 60) with blinded outcome assessment (at 4 and 8 months), which aims to develop an optimum practicable protocol for a confirmatory, pragmatic, randomised controlled trial (RCT) (primary outcome: child’s behaviour; secondary outcomes: parental reflective functioning and mental health, child and parent quality of life), comparing mPCP and TaU as second-line treatments for children aged 5–11 years with treatment-resistant CD and inter-generational attachment difficulties, and for their primary carers. Child-primary carer dyads will be recruited following a referral to, or re-referral within, National Health Service (NHS) Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) after an unsuccessful first-line parenting intervention. PCP will be delivered by qualified CAPTs working in routine NHS clinical practice, using a trial-specific PCP manual (a brief version of established PCP clinical practice). Outcomes are: (1) feasibility of recruitment methods, (2) uptake and follow-up rates, (3) therapeutic delivery, treatment retention and attendance, intervention adherence rates, (4) follow-up data collection, and (5) statistical, health economics, process evaluation, and qualitative outcomes. Discussion TIGA-CUB will provide important information on the feasibility and potential challenges of undertaking a confirmatory RCT to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of mPCP. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials, ID: ISRCTN86725795. Registered on 31 May 2016. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13063-017-2166-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

We show that all GL(2,R) equivariant point markings over orbit closures of translation surfaces arise from branched covering constructions and periodic points, completely classify such point markings over strata of quadratic differentials, and give applications to the finite blocking problem., Comment: v3: Tiny revision; final copy

We show that in any non-arithmetic rank 1 orbit closure of translation surfaces, there are only finitely many Teichm\"uller curves. We also show that in any non-arithmetic rank 1 orbit closure, any completely parabolic surface is Veech.