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5. The changing patterns of cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors in the states of India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990–2016

Author

Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Sharma, Meenakshi, Roth, Gregory A, Johnson, Catherine, Harikrishnan, Sivadasanpillai, Gupta, Rajeev, Pandian, Jeyaraj D, Naik, Nitish, Roy, Ambuj, Dhaliwal, R S, Xavier, Denis, Kumar, Raman K, Tandon, Nikhil, Mathur, Prashant, Shukla, D K, Mehrotra, Ravi, Venugopal, K, Kumar, G Anil, Varghese, Chris M, Furtado, Melissa, Muraleedharan, Pallavi, Abdulkader, Rizwan S, Alam, Tahiya, Anjana, Ranjit M, Arora, Monika, Bhansali, Anil, Bhardwaj, Deeksha, Bhatia, Eesh, Chakma, Joy K, Chaturvedi, Pankaj, Dutta, Eliza, Glenn, Scott, Gupta, Prakash C, Johnson, Sarah C, Kaur, Tanvir, Kinra, Sanjay, Krishnan, Anand, Kutz, Michael, Mathur, Manu R, Mohan, Viswanathan, Mukhopadhyay, Satinath, Nguyen, Minh, Odell, Christopher M, Oommen, Anu M, Pati, Sanghamitra, Pletcher, Martin, Prasad, Kameshwar, Rao, Paturi V, Shekhar, Chander, Sinha, Dhirendra N, Sylaja, P N, Thakur, J S, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu R, Thomas, Nihal, Yadgir, Simon, Yajnik, Chittaranjan S, Zachariah, Geevar, Zipkin, Ben, Lim, Stephen S, Naghavi, Mohsen, Dandona, Rakhi, Vos, Theo, Murray, Christopher J L, Reddy, K Srinath, Swaminathan, Soumya, and Dandona, Lalit

Published
2018
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6. The increasing burden of diabetes and variations among the states of India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990–2016

Author

Tandon, Nikhil, Anjana, Ranjit M, Mohan, Viswanathan, Kaur, Tanvir, Afshin, Ashkan, Ong, Kanyin, Mukhopadhyay, Satinath, Thomas, Nihal, Bhatia, Eesh, Krishnan, Anand, Mathur, Prashant, Dhaliwal, R S, Shukla, D K, Bhansali, Anil, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Rao, Paturi V, Yajnik, Chittaranjan S, Kumar, G Anil, Varghese, Chris M, Furtado, Melissa, Agarwal, Sanjay K, Arora, Megha, Bhardwaj, Deeksha, Chakma, Joy K, Cornaby, Leslie, Dutta, Eliza, Glenn, Scott, Gopalakrishnan, N, Gupta, Rajeev, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Johnson, Sarah C, Khanna, Tripti, Kinra, Sanjay, Kutz, Michael, Muraleedharan, Pallavi, Naik, Nitish, Odell, Chrisopher M, Oommen, Anu M, Pandian, Jeyaraj D, Parameswaran, Sreejith, Pati, Sanghamitra, Prasad, Narayan, Raju, D Sreebhushan, Roy, Ambuj, Sharma, Meenakshi, Shekhar, Chander, Shukla, Sharvari R, Singh, Narinder P, Thakur, J S, Unnikrishnan, Ranjit, Varughese, Santosh, Xavier, Denis, Zachariah, Geevar, Lim, Stephen S, Naghavi, Mohsen, Dandona, Rakhi, Vos, Theo, Murray, Christopher J L, Reddy, K Srinath, Swaminathan, Soumya, and Dandona, Lalit

Published
2018
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7. Human islet mass, morphology, and survival after cryopreservation using the Edmonton protocol

Author

Miranda, Priya M, Mohan, Viswanathan, Ganthimathy, Sekhar, Anjana, Ranjit M, Gunasekaran, S, Thiagarajan, Venkatachalam, Churchill, Thomas A, Kin, Tatsuya, Shapiro, AM James, and Lakey, Jonathan RT

Subjects
Diabetes, Transplantation, Autoimmune Disease, Apoptosis, Cell Survival, Cryopreservation, Glucagon, Humans, Insulin, Islets of Langerhans, Mitotic Index, Necrosis, Somatostatin, Tissue Culture Techniques, islet transplantation, cryopreservation, post-thaw culture, islet isolation, clinical phase, pre-clinical phase, ultrastructure TUNEL, immunohistochemistry, Medical Microbiology, Medical Physiology
Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess recovery, cell death, and cell composition of post-thaw cultured human islets. Cryopreserved islets were provided by the Clinical Islet Transplant Program, Edmonton, Canada. Islets were processed using media prepared in accordance with Pre-Edmonton and Edmonton protocols. Cryopreserved islets were rapidly thawed and cultured for 24 h, 3 d, 5 d, and 7 d, following which they were processed for histology. Islet quantification, integrity, morphology and tissue turnover were studied via hematoxylin and eosin stained sections. Ultrastructure was studied by electron microscopy and endocrine cell composition by immunohistochemistry. Using the Pre-Edmonton protocol, islet recovery was 50.1% and islet survival was 50% at 24 h while for the Edmonton protocol, the islet recovery was 69.4% (p

Published
2013

11. Built Environment Correlates of Diabetes and Obesity: Methodology.

Author

Aarthi, Garudam R., Pradeepa, Rajendra, Mohan, Viswanathan, Venkatasubramanian, Padma, and Anjana, Ranjit M.

Subjects
OBESITY, RESEARCH, BUILT environment, CROSS-sectional method, DIABETES, DIET, PHYSICAL activity, FIELDWORK (Educational method), T-test (Statistics), RESEARCH funding, QUESTIONNAIRES, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, CHI-squared test, STATISTICAL correlation, STATISTICAL sampling, DATA analysis software
Abstract

A city’s planning, design, and construction can have a profound influence on health, specifically on non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and obesity, which are often referred to as “diabesity.” This study describes the designs and methods to understand the relationship between food and physical activity environments on diabesity. Materials and Methods: This study was a community-based cross-sectional door-to-door survey conducted as part of a large National Institute of Health and Care Research-funded surveillance project. For this study, two wards in Chennai were selected randomly. In each ward, five community enumeration blocks were selected using systematic random sampling technique. A consecutive sampling approach was used to select the study participants. Two categories of data were collected: (1) health data and (2) built environment (BE) data. Health and lifestyle questionnaires, anthropometric, and biochemical data were collected from all the study participants. For categorizing BE, an online questionnaire was developed using the KoBo toolbox to collect information about food and physical activity environments, as well as geographic locations. Expected Outcome: This study is expected to reveal data on the relationship between food and physical activity environments and diabesity. It will help policy-makers to understand the importance of access to healthy foods and spaces for physical activity in prevention and control of diabesity. It can also enable community-based interventions to improve health outcomes and help urban planners to plan cities that promote active lifestyles for its residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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12. Lifetime risk of diabetes in metropolitan cities in India

Author

Luhar, Shammi, primary, Kondal, Dimple, additional, Jones, Rebecca, additional, Anjana, Ranjit M., additional, Patel, Shivani A., additional, Kinra, Sanjay, additional, Clarke, Lynda, additional, Ali, Mohammed K., additional, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, additional, Kadir, M. Masood, additional, Tandon, Nikhil, additional, Mohan, Viswanathan, additional, and Narayan, K. M. Venkat, additional

Published
2020
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14. Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults

Author

Bixby, Honor, Bentham, James, Zhou, Bin, Di Cesare, Mariachiara, Paciorek, Christopher J, Bennett, James E, Taddei, Cristina, Stevens, Gretchen A, Rodriguez-Martinez, Andrea, Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M, Khang, Young-Ho, Sorić, Maroje, Gregg, Edward W, Miranda, J Jaime, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Savin, Stefan, Sophiea, Marisa K, Iurilli, Maria LC, Solomon, Bethlehem D, Cowan, Melanie J, Riley, Leanne M, Danaei, Goodarz, Bovet, Pascal, Chirita-Emandi, Adela, Hambleton, Ian R, Hayes, Alison J, Ikeda, Nayu, Kengne, Andre P, Laxmaiah, Avula, Li, Yanping, McGarvey, Stephen T, Mostafa, Aya, Neovius, Martin, Starc, Gregor, Zainuddin, Ahmad A, Abarca-Gómez, Leandra, Abdeen, Ziad A, Abdrakhmanova, Shynar, Abdul Ghaffar, Suhaila, Abdul Hamid, Zargar, Abubakar Garba, Jamila, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M, Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin, Adams, Robert J, Aekplakorn, Wichai, Afsana, Kaosar, Agdeppa, Imelda A, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A, Agyemang, Charles, Ahmad, Mohamad Hasnan, Ahmad, Noor Ani, Ahmadi, Naser, Ahmadvand, Alireza, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Ajlouni, Kamel, AlBuhairan, Fadia, AlDhukair, Shahla, Al-Hazzaa, Hazzaa M, Ali, Mohamed M, Ali, Osman, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Al-Othman, Amani Rashed, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alvarez-Pedrerol, Mar, Aly, Eman, Amarapurkar, Deepak N, Amouyel, Philippe, Amuzu, Antoinette, Andersen, Lars Bo, Anderssen, Sigmund A, Ängquist, Lars H, Anjana, Ranjit M, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer, Araújo, Joana, Ariansen, Inger, Aris, Tahir, Arku, Raphael E, Arlappa, Nimmathota, Aryal, Krishna K, Aspelund, Thor, Assah, Felix K, Assunção, Maria CF, Aung, May Soe, Auvinen, Juha, Avdicová, Mária, Azevedo, Ana, Azizi, Fereidoun, Azmin, Mehrdad, Babu, Bontha V, Baharudin, Azli, Bahijri, Suhad, Baker, Jennifer L, Balakrishna, Nagalla, Bamoshmoosh, Mohamed, Banach, Maciej, Bandosz, Piotr, Banegas, Jose R, Barbagallo, Carlo M, Barceló, Alberto, Tan, Eng Joo, Bixby, Honor, Bentham, James, Zhou, Bin, Di Cesare, Mariachiara, Paciorek, Christopher J, Bennett, James E, Taddei, Cristina, Stevens, Gretchen A, Rodriguez-Martinez, Andrea, Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M, Khang, Young-Ho, Sorić, Maroje, Gregg, Edward W, Miranda, J Jaime, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Savin, Stefan, Sophiea, Marisa K, Iurilli, Maria LC, Solomon, Bethlehem D, Cowan, Melanie J, Riley, Leanne M, Danaei, Goodarz, Bovet, Pascal, Chirita-Emandi, Adela, Hambleton, Ian R, Hayes, Alison J, Ikeda, Nayu, Kengne, Andre P, Laxmaiah, Avula, Li, Yanping, McGarvey, Stephen T, Mostafa, Aya, Neovius, Martin, Starc, Gregor, Zainuddin, Ahmad A, Abarca-Gómez, Leandra, Abdeen, Ziad A, Abdrakhmanova, Shynar, Abdul Ghaffar, Suhaila, Abdul Hamid, Zargar, Abubakar Garba, Jamila, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M, Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin, Adams, Robert J, Aekplakorn, Wichai, Afsana, Kaosar, Agdeppa, Imelda A, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A, Agyemang, Charles, Ahmad, Mohamad Hasnan, Ahmad, Noor Ani, Ahmadi, Naser, Ahmadvand, Alireza, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Ajlouni, Kamel, AlBuhairan, Fadia, AlDhukair, Shahla, Al-Hazzaa, Hazzaa M, Ali, Mohamed M, Ali, Osman, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Al-Othman, Amani Rashed, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alvarez-Pedrerol, Mar, Aly, Eman, Amarapurkar, Deepak N, Amouyel, Philippe, Amuzu, Antoinette, Andersen, Lars Bo, Anderssen, Sigmund A, Ängquist, Lars H, Anjana, Ranjit M, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer, Araújo, Joana, Ariansen, Inger, Aris, Tahir, Arku, Raphael E, Arlappa, Nimmathota, Aryal, Krishna K, Aspelund, Thor, Assah, Felix K, Assunção, Maria CF, Aung, May Soe, Auvinen, Juha, Avdicová, Mária, Azevedo, Ana, Azizi, Fereidoun, Azmin, Mehrdad, Babu, Bontha V, Baharudin, Azli, Bahijri, Suhad, Baker, Jennifer L, Balakrishna, Nagalla, Bamoshmoosh, Mohamed, Banach, Maciej, Bandosz, Piotr, Banegas, Jose R, Barbagallo, Carlo M, Barceló, Alberto, and Tan, Eng Joo

Published
2019

15. Assessment of optical coherence tomography angiography and multifocal electroretinography in eyes with and without nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Author

Srinivasan, Sangeetha, Sivaprasad, Sobha, Rajalakshmi, Ramachandran, Anjana, Ranjit M., Malik, Rayaz A., Kulothungan, Vaitheeswaran, Raman, Rajiv, and Bhende, Muna

Subjects
OPTICAL coherence tomography, DIABETIC retinopathy, ELECTRORETINOGRAPHY, TYPE 2 diabetes, ANGIOGRAPHY
Abstract

Purpose: To examine (i) the retinal structure and function using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and multifocal electroretinography (mfERG), respectively, in eyes with and without nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), (ii) and their interrelationship between retinal structure (OCTA) and function (mfERG) in the two groups independently. Methods: This was a prospective observational study. One hundred twenty-one eligible participants with type 2 diabetes with No DR (n = 89), or with mild or moderate NPDR (n = 32) underwent ophthalmic examination, ultrawide field-view fundus photography, OCTA, and mfERG. Group differences were assessed using a Mann-Whitney U test. Correlations were assessed using Spearman's rho. Results: There were no significant differences in OCTA measures between the two groups. The mfERG P1 implicit times (rings 1-6) were significantly delayed and P1 response densities in rings 5 and 6 were significantly lower in participants with NPDR compared to those with No DR. In those with No DR, P1 implicit times in almost all rings were delayed in relation to lower vessel density and perfusion (maximum variance noted was 13%). In individuals with NPDR, the P1 response density in rings 2 and 3 showed a positive nonsignificant correlation with macular perfusion. Conclusion: In those with diabetes with No DR, retinal neuronal function is influenced by lower macular vessel density and perfusion. The retinal neuronal function is abnormal in individuals with NPDR compared to those with No DR and is not correlated with OCT angiometric measures, suggesting the likelihood of a different retinal structural correlate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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16. Nations within a nation: variations in epidemiological transition across the states of India, 1990–2016 in the Global Burden of Disease Study

Author

Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Kumar, G Anil, Shukla, D K, Paul, Vinod K, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Tandon, Nikhil, Salvi, Sundeep, Dash, A P, Nandakumar, A, Patel, Vikram, Agarwal, Sanjay K, Gupta, Prakash C, Dhaliwal, R S, Mathur, Prashant, Laxmaiah, Avula, Dhillon, Preet K, Dey, Subhojit, Mathur, Manu R, Afshin, Ashkan, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Gething, Peter, Hay, Simon I, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Kyu, Hmwe, Lim, Stephen S, Naghavi, Mohsen, Roth, Gregory A, Stanaway, Jeffrey D, Whiteford, Harvey, Chadha, Vineet K, Khaparde, Sunil D, Rao, Raghuram, Rade, Kirankumar, Dewan, Puneet, Furtado, Melissa, Dutta, Eliza, Varghese, Chris M, Mehrotra, Ravi, Jambulingam, P, Kaur, Tanvir, Sharma, Meenakshi, Singh, Shalini, Arora, Rashmi, Rasaily, Reeta, Anjana, Ranjit M, Mohan, Viswanathan, Agrawal, Anurag, Chopra, Arvind, Mathew, Ashish J, Bhardwaj, Deeksha, Muraleedharan, Pallavi, Mutreja, Parul, Bienhoff, Kelly, Glenn, Scott, Abdulkader, Rizwan S, Aggarwal, Ashutosh N, Aggarwal, Rakesh, Albert, Sandra, Ambekar, Atul, Arora, Monika, Bachani, Damodar, Bavdekar, Ashish, Beig, Gufran, Bhansali, Anil, Bhargava, Anurag, Bhatia, Eesh, Camara, Bilali, Christopher, D J, Das, Siddharth K, Dave, Paresh V, Dey, Sagnik, Ghoshal, Aloke G, Gopalakrishnan, N, Guleria, Randeep, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Subodh S, Gupta, Tarun, Gupte, M D, Gururaj, G, Harikrishnan, Sivadasanpillai, Iyer, Veena, Jain, Sudhir K, Jeemon, Panniyamamkal, Joshua, Vasna, Kant, Rajni, Kar, Anita, Kataki, Amal C, Katoch, Kiran, Khanna, Tripti, Khera, Ajay, Kinra, Sanjay, Koul, Parvaiz A, Krishnan, Anand, Kumar, Avdhesh, Kumar, Raman K, Kumar, Rashmi, Kurpad, Anura, Ladusingh, Laishram, Lodha, Rakesh, Mahesh, P A, Malhotra, Rajesh, Mathai, Matthews, Mavalankar, Dileep, Mohan BV, Murali, Mukhopadhyay, Satinath, Murhekar, Manoj, Murthy, G V S, Nair, Sanjeev, Nair, Sreenivas A, Nanda, Lipika, Nongmaithem, Romi S, Oommen, Anu M, Pandian, Jeyaraj D, Pandya, Sapan, Parameswaran, Sreejith, Pati, Sanghamitra, Prasad, Kameshwar, Prasad, Narayan, Purwar, Manorama, Rahim, Asma, Raju, Sreebhushan, Ramji, Siddarth, Rangaswamy, Thara, Rath, Goura K, Roy, Ambuj, Sabde, Yogesh, Sachdeva, K S, Sadhu, Harsiddha, Sagar, Rajesh, Sankar, Mari J, Sharma, Rajendra, Shet, Anita, Shirude, Shreya, Shukla, Rajan, Shukla, Sharvari R, Singh, Gagandeep, Singh, Narinder P, Singh, Virendra, Sinha, Anju, Sinha, Dhirendra N, Srivastava, R K, Srividya, A, Suri, Vanita, Swaminathan, Rajaraman, Sylaja, P N, Tandale, Babasaheb, Thakur, J S, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu R, Thomas, Nihal, Tripathy, Srikanth, Varghese, Mathew, Varughese, Santosh, Venkatesh, S, Venugopal, K, Vijayakumar, Lakshmi, Xavier, Denis, Yajnik, Chittaranjan S, Zachariah, Geevar, Zodpey, Sanjay, Rao, J V R Prasada, Vos, Theo, Reddy, K Srinath, Murray, Christopher J L, and Swaminathan, Soumya

Subjects
wa_395
Abstract

18% of the world's population lives in India, and many states of India have populations similar to those of large countries. Action to effectively improve population health in India requires availability of reliable and comprehensive state-level estimates of disease burden and risk factors over time. Such comprehensive estimates have not been available so far for all major diseases and risk factors. Thus, we aimed to estimate the disease burden and risk factors in every state of India as part of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2016.

Published
2017

17. Health Effects of Overweight and Obesity in 195 Countries over 25 Years

Author

Afshin, Ashkan, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H., Reitsma, Marissa B., Sur, Patrick, Estep, Kara, Lee, Alex, Marczak, Laurie, Mokdad, Ali H., Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Naghavi, Mohsen, Salama, Joseph S., Vos, Theo, Abate, Kalkidan H., Abbafati, Cristiana, Ahmed, Muktar B., Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Amare, Azmeraw T., Amberbir, Alemayehu, Amegah, Adeladza K., Amini, Erfan, Amrock, Stephen M., Anjana, Ranjit M., Arnlov, Johan, Asayesh, Hamid, Banerjee, Amitava, Barac, Aleksandra, Baye, Estifanos, Bennett, Derrick A., Beyene, Addisu S., Biadgilign, Sibhatu, Biryukov, Stan, Bjertness, Espen, Boneya, Dube J., Campos-Nonato, Ismael, Carrero, Juan J., Cecilio, Pedro, Cercy, Kelly, Ciobanu, Liliana G., Cornaby, Leslie, Damtew, Solomon A., Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dharmaratne, Samath D., Duncan, Bruce B., Eshrati, Babak, Esteghamati, Alireza, Feigin, Valery L., Fernandes, Joao C., Furst, Thomas, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye T., Gold, Audra, Gona, Philimon N., Goto, Atsushi, Habtewold, Tesfa D., Hadush, Kokeb T., Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hay, Simon I., Horino, Masako, Islami, Farhad, Kamal, Ritul, Kasaeian, Amir, Katikireddi, Srinivasa V., Kengne, Andre P., Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan N., Khader, Yousef S., Khang, Young-Ho, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Yun J., Kinfu, Yohannes, Kosen, Soewarta, Ku, Tiffany, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Kumar, G. Anil, Larson, Heidi J., Leinsalu, Mall, Liang, Xiaofeng, Lim, Stephen S., Liu, Patrick, Lopez, Alan D., Lozano, Rafael, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah C., Mazidi, Mohsen, McAlinden, Colm, McGarvey, Stephen T., Mengistu, Desalegn T., Mensah, George A., Mensink, Gert B. M., Mezgebe, Haftay B., Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Mueller, Ulrich O., Noubiap, Jean J., Obermeyer, Carla M., Ogbo, Felix A., Owolabi, Mayowa O., Patton, George C., Pourmalek, Farshad, Qorbani, Mostafa, Rafay, Anwar, Rai, Rajesh K., Ranabhat, Chhabi L., Reinig, Nikolas, Safiri, Saeid, Salomon, Joshua A., Sanabria, Juan R., Santos, Itamar S., Sartorius, Benn, Sawhney, Monika, Schmidhuber, Josef, Schutte, Aletta E., Schmidt, Maria I., Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Shamsizadeh, Moretza, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, Shin, Min-Jeong, Shiri, Rahman, Shiue, Ivy, Roba, Hirbo S., Silva, Diego A. S., Silverberg, Jonathan I., Singh, Jasvinder A., Stranges, Saverio, Swaminathan, Soumya, Tabares-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tadese, Fentaw, Tedla, Bemnet A., Tegegne, Balewgizie S., Terkawi, Abdullah S., Thakur, J. S., Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Ukwaja, Kingsley N., Uthman, Olalekan A., Vaezghasemi, Masoud, Vasankari, Tommi, Vlassov, Vasiliy V., Vollset, Stein E., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Werdecker, Andrea, Wesana, Joshua, Westerman, Ronny, Yano, Yuichiro, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yonga, Gerald, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zenebe, Zerihun M., Zipkin, Ben, Murray, Christopher J. L., Afshin, Ashkan, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H., Reitsma, Marissa B., Sur, Patrick, Estep, Kara, Lee, Alex, Marczak, Laurie, Mokdad, Ali H., Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Naghavi, Mohsen, Salama, Joseph S., Vos, Theo, Abate, Kalkidan H., Abbafati, Cristiana, Ahmed, Muktar B., Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Amare, Azmeraw T., Amberbir, Alemayehu, Amegah, Adeladza K., Amini, Erfan, Amrock, Stephen M., Anjana, Ranjit M., Arnlov, Johan, Asayesh, Hamid, Banerjee, Amitava, Barac, Aleksandra, Baye, Estifanos, Bennett, Derrick A., Beyene, Addisu S., Biadgilign, Sibhatu, Biryukov, Stan, Bjertness, Espen, Boneya, Dube J., Campos-Nonato, Ismael, Carrero, Juan J., Cecilio, Pedro, Cercy, Kelly, Ciobanu, Liliana G., Cornaby, Leslie, Damtew, Solomon A., Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dharmaratne, Samath D., Duncan, Bruce B., Eshrati, Babak, Esteghamati, Alireza, Feigin, Valery L., Fernandes, Joao C., Furst, Thomas, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye T., Gold, Audra, Gona, Philimon N., Goto, Atsushi, Habtewold, Tesfa D., Hadush, Kokeb T., Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hay, Simon I., Horino, Masako, Islami, Farhad, Kamal, Ritul, Kasaeian, Amir, Katikireddi, Srinivasa V., Kengne, Andre P., Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan N., Khader, Yousef S., Khang, Young-Ho, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Yun J., Kinfu, Yohannes, Kosen, Soewarta, Ku, Tiffany, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Kumar, G. Anil, Larson, Heidi J., Leinsalu, Mall, Liang, Xiaofeng, Lim, Stephen S., Liu, Patrick, Lopez, Alan D., Lozano, Rafael, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah C., Mazidi, Mohsen, McAlinden, Colm, McGarvey, Stephen T., Mengistu, Desalegn T., Mensah, George A., Mensink, Gert B. M., Mezgebe, Haftay B., Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Mueller, Ulrich O., Noubiap, Jean J., Obermeyer, Carla M., Ogbo, Felix A., Owolabi, Mayowa O., Patton, George C., Pourmalek, Farshad, Qorbani, Mostafa, Rafay, Anwar, Rai, Rajesh K., Ranabhat, Chhabi L., Reinig, Nikolas, Safiri, Saeid, Salomon, Joshua A., Sanabria, Juan R., Santos, Itamar S., Sartorius, Benn, Sawhney, Monika, Schmidhuber, Josef, Schutte, Aletta E., Schmidt, Maria I., Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Shamsizadeh, Moretza, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, Shin, Min-Jeong, Shiri, Rahman, Shiue, Ivy, Roba, Hirbo S., Silva, Diego A. S., Silverberg, Jonathan I., Singh, Jasvinder A., Stranges, Saverio, Swaminathan, Soumya, Tabares-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tadese, Fentaw, Tedla, Bemnet A., Tegegne, Balewgizie S., Terkawi, Abdullah S., Thakur, J. S., Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Ukwaja, Kingsley N., Uthman, Olalekan A., Vaezghasemi, Masoud, Vasankari, Tommi, Vlassov, Vasiliy V., Vollset, Stein E., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Werdecker, Andrea, Wesana, Joshua, Westerman, Ronny, Yano, Yuichiro, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yonga, Gerald, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zenebe, Zerihun M., Zipkin, Ben, and Murray, Christopher J. L.

Abstract

BACKGROUND Although the rising pandemic of obesity has received major attention in many countries, the effects of this attention on trends and the disease burden of obesity remain uncertain. METHODS We analyzed data from 68.5 million persons to assess the trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adults between 1980 and 2015. Using the Global Burden of Disease study data and methods, we also quantified the burden of disease related to high body-mass index (BMI), according to age, sex, cause, and BMI in 195 countries between 1990 and 2015. RESULTS In 2015, a total of 107.7 million children and 603.7 million adults were obese. Since 1980, the prevalence of obesity has doubled in more than 70 countries and has continuously increased in most other countries. Although the prevalence of obesity among children has been lower than that among adults, the rate of increase in childhood obesity in many countries has been greater than the rate of increase in adult obesity. High BMI accounted for 4.0 million deaths globally, nearly 40% of which occurred in persons who were not obese. More than two thirds of deaths related to high BMI were due to cardiovascular disease. The disease burden related to high BMI has increased since 1990; however, the rate of this increase has been attenuated owing to decreases in underlying rates of death from cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSIONS The rapid increase in the prevalence and disease burden of elevated BMI highlights the need for continued focus on surveillance of BMI and identification, implementation, and evaluation of evidence-based interventions to address this problem.

Published
2017
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19. Physical activity and inactivity patterns in India – results from the ICMR-INDIAB study (Phase-1) [ICMR-INDIAB-5].

Author

Anjana, Ranjit M., Pradeepa, Rajendra, Das, Ashok K., Deepa, Mohan, Bhansali, Anil, Joshi, Shashank R., Joshi, Prashant P., Dhandhania, Vinay K., Rao, Paturi V., Sudha, Vasudevan, Subashini, Radhakrishnan, Unnikrishnan, Ranjit, Madhu, Sri V., Kaur, Tanvir, Mohan, Viswanathan, and Shukla, Deepak K.

Subjects
*PREVENTION of obesity, *ANALYSIS of variance, *CHI-squared test, *QUESTIONNAIRES, *RECREATION, *RESEARCH funding, *STATISTICS, *DATA analysis, *SOCIOECONOMIC factors, *BODY mass index, *SEDENTARY lifestyles, *PHYSICAL activity, *DATA analysis software
Abstract

Background The rising prevalence of diabetes and obesity in India can be attributed, at least in part, to increasing levels of physical inactivity. However, there has been no nationwide survey in India on physical activity levels involving both the urban and rural areas in whole states of India. The aim of the present study was to assess physical activity patterns across India - as part of the Indian Council of Medical Research-India Diabetes (ICMR-INDIAB) study. Methods Phase 1 of the ICMR-INDIAB study was conducted in four regions of India (Tamilnadu, Maharashtra, Jharkhand and Chandigarh representing the south, west, east and north of India respectively) with a combined population of 213 million people. Physical activity was assessed using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) in 14227 individuals aged ≥ 20 years [urban- 4,173; rural- 10,054], selected from the above regions using a stratified multistage design. Results Of the 14227 individuals studied, 54.4% (n = 7737) were inactive (males: 41.7%), while 31.9% (n = 4537) (males: 58.3%) were active and 13.7% (n = 1953) (males: 61.3%) were highly active. Subjects were more inactive in urban, compared to rural, areas (65.0% vs. 50.0%; p < 0.001). Males were significantly more active than females (p < 0.001). Subjects in all four regions spent more active minutes at work than in the commuting and recreation domains. Absence of recreational activity was reported by 88.4%, 94.8%, 91.3% and 93.1% of the subjects in Chandigarh, Jharkhand, Maharashtra and Tamilnadu respectively. The percentage of individuals with no recreational activity increased with age (Trend χ2: 199.1, p < 0.001). Conclusions The study shows that a large percentage of people in India are inactive with fewer than 10% engaging in recreational physical activity. Therefore, urgent steps need to be initiated to promote physical activity to stem the twin epidemics of diabetes and obesity in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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20. Data Resource Profile: Understanding the patterns and determinants of health in South Asians-the South Asia Biobank.

Author

Song, Peige, Gupta, Ananya, Goon, Ian Y, Hasan, Mehedi, Mahmood, Sara, Pradeepa, Rajendra, Siddiqui, Samreen, Frost, Gary S, Kusuma, Dian, Miraldo, Marisa, Sassi, Franco, Wareham, Nick J, Ahmed, Sajjad, Anjana, Ranjit M., Brage, Soren, Forouhi, Nita G, Jha, Sujeet, Kasturiratne, Anuradhani, Katulanda, Prasad, and Khawaja, Khadija I

Subjects
SOUTH Asians, HEALTH facilities, THERAPEUTICS, MEDICAL sciences, CARDIOVASCULAR diseases, BODY composition, ARRHYTHMIA, RESEARCH, TISSUE banks, RESEARCH methodology, MEDICAL cooperation, EVALUATION research, COMPARATIVE studies
Published
2021
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21. Lifetime risk of diabetes in metropolitan cities in India

Author

Viswanathan Mohan, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Nikhil Tandon, Shivani A. Patel, Lynda Clarke, Rebecca Jones, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, K.M. Venkat Narayan, Shammi Luhar, Sanjay Kinra, Masood Kadir, Dimple Kondal, Mohammed K. Ali, Luhar, Shammi [0000-0002-1080-8893], Kondal, Dimple [0000-0002-1417-9510], Anjana, Ranjit M [0000-0002-4843-1374], Patel, Shivani A [0000-0003-0082-5857], Kinra, Sanjay [0000-0001-6690-4625], Ali, Mohammed K [0000-0001-7266-2503], Prabhakaran, Dorairaj [0000-0002-3172-834X], Kadir, M Masood [0000-0002-1029-4490], Tandon, Nikhil [0000-0003-4604-1986], Mohan, Viswanathan [0000-0001-5038-6210], Narayan, KM Venkat [0000-0001-8621-5405], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Adult, Male, South asia, Time Factors, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Population, India, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Risk Assessment, Article, Disease-Free Survival, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Age Distribution, Life Expectancy, Risk Factors, Diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, Diabetes Mellitus, Prevalence, Medicine, Urban, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Obesity, Sex Distribution, education, Body mass index, Cardiometabolic risk, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Incidence, Diabetes, Urban Health, Diabetes-free life expectancy, Middle Aged, Models, Theoretical, medicine.disease, Metropolitan area, Lifetime risk, Markov Chains, Metropolitan cities, Life expectancy, Female, business, Demography
Abstract

Aims/hypothesis We aimed to estimate the lifetime risk of diabetes and diabetes-free life expectancy in metropolitan cities in India among the population aged 20 years or more, and their variation by sex, age and BMI. Methods A Markov simulation model was adopted to estimate age-, sex- and BMI-specific lifetime risk of developing diabetes and diabetes-free life expectancy. The main data inputs used were as follows: age-, sex- and BMI-specific incidence rates of diabetes in urban India taken from the Centre for Cardiometabolic Risk Reduction in South Asia (2010–2018); age-, sex- and urban-specific rates of mortality from period lifetables reported by the Government of India (2014); and prevalence of diabetes from the Indian Council for Medical Research INdia DIABetes study (2008–2015). Results Lifetime risk (95% CI) of diabetes in 20-year-old men and women was 55.5 (51.6, 59.7)% and 64.6 (60.0, 69.5)%, respectively. Women generally had a higher lifetime risk across the lifespan. Remaining lifetime risk (95% CI) declined with age to 37.7 (30.1, 46.7)% at age 60 years among women and 27.5 (23.1, 32.4)% in men. Lifetime risk (95% CI) was highest among obese Indians: 86.0 (76.6, 91.5)% among 20-year-old women and 86.9 (75.4, 93.8)% among men. We identified considerably higher diabetes-free life expectancy at lower levels of BMI. Conclusions/interpretation Lifetime risk of diabetes in metropolitan cities in India is alarming across the spectrum of weight and rises dramatically with higher BMI. Prevention of diabetes among metropolitan Indians of all ages is an urgent national priority, particularly given the rapid increase in urban obesogenic environments across the country.

Published
2020

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